山東省泰安市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題【含答案解析】

試卷類型：A高一年級考試英語試題2025.01注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestabouthercar?A.Cheapprice.B.Comfortableseats.C.Advancedtechnology.2.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Movehisboxes.B.Holdapartyforhim.C.Introducehimtosomeneighbors.3.Whendoesthemanusuallyexercise?A.Inthemorning.B.Aroundnoon.C.Atnight.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Missingcalls.B.Businessmeetings.C.Wrongtelephonenumbers.5.Whydidthewomanwritethepoem?A.Topublishherownpoetry.B.Tocompleteaschooltask.C.Tolearnmoreaboutliterature.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdidthewomanknowthevolunteerwork?A.Fromhersister.B.Fromhercoach.C.Fromherschoolmate.7.Howoftenwillthemanprobablygototheanimalhome?A.Twodaysaweek.B.Threedaysaweek.C.Everyday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inapark.B.Atasportscenter.C.Onaschoolplayground.9.Whatisthewomanthankingthemanfor?A.Respectingherteam.B.Introducingnewfriendstoher.C.Teachingherhowtoplaybasketball.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Nervous.B.Proud.C.Excited.11.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Aviolinist.B.Asinger.C.Ateacher.12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoforherparents?A.Performforthem.B.Takethemtoaconcert.C.Buythemanamazinggift.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Schoolmates.C.Teacherandstudent.14.Whatisimportantaccordingtothewoman?A.Finishingpapersontime.B.Writingalongpaper.C.Thinkingdeeply.15.Whichtopicwouldthemanprefer?A.Theenvironment.B.Technology.C.Sports.16.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Toanotherclassroom.B.Tothelibrary.C.Toacafé.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakergivingaspeechto?A.Herco-workers.B.Hercustomers.C.Herstudents.18.Whatmakesthelistenersunhappyaccordingtothespeaker?A.Longworkinghours.B.Badweather.C.Illness.19.Whatisthefirstgift?A.Aholiday.B.Newbikes.C.Freegympasses.20.Whenwillthelistenersgohiking?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.Thisweekend.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHerecomesaonce-in-a-lifetimeunforgettableexperienceforyou!Inthe2024/2025season,theNorthernLightsthiswinter,whicharestrongerthanbefore,aresuretocatchyoureye.Hereissomeinformationonhowthelightshappenandwhatcanhelpyougetready.TheNorthernLightsarecreatedwhengasparticle(粒子)fromearthhitchargedparticlesfromthesun.Thesun’spowerfulenergyisusuallyreflectedawayfromearthbecauseofitspowerfulmagneticfield(磁場),butatboththenorthandsouthpoles,wherethemagneticfieldisweaker,thesolarwindsbreakthrough,hittingournaturalgasescausingthesecolourfullights.TherearemanyNorthernLightstoolsthathelpyouincreaseyourchancesofcatchingthelights.AmongthemareAuroraForecastandAuroraService,whichwillalsogiveyoualotofinformation:solarraysandwindspeed.There’salsoAuroraAlertsthatpostsupcomingactivitydetails.Whentoseethem?Althoughitisimpossibletopredictwhenthelightswillappear,thereisahigherchanceofseeingthemduringthedarkcoldwinternights,betweenOctobertoMarch.Wheretoseethem?ThenorthcoastofNorwayisprobablythebestplaceintheworldtoseetheNorthernLights.ThisisbecauseNorwaysitsbelowthe‘AuroralOval’,whichalmostfollowsthelineoftheArcticCircle.TheNorthernLightshavebeenviewedmuchfurthersouth.Infact,duringacoupleofseriouslystrongsolarflares(耀斑)lastcenturytheywereviewedasfarsouthasHawaii.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.The‘AuroralOval’islocatedexactlyontheArcticCircle.B.TheNorthernLightscanbepredictedaccuratelyduringthewinter.C.TheAuroraForecastonlyprovidesinformationaboutthesolarrays.D.Thestrongerthesolaractivityis,thefurthersouththeNorthernLightscanbeseen.2.Whatcausesthecolorfullightsinthepolesoftheearth?A.Thestrongmagneticfieldsthere.B.Thesun’senergybeingreflectedaway.C.Theweakermagneticfieldsthere.D.Naturalwinds’breakingthrough.3.Wherewouldyouprobablyfindthearticle?A.Inamagazine. B.Inadiary. C.Inareport. D.Inanovel.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了北極光的形成原因、觀賞時機(jī)和地點(diǎn)，以及相關(guān)的觀賞工具。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Infact,duringacoupleofseriouslystrongsolarflares(耀斑)lastcenturytheywereviewedasfarsouthasHawaii.(事實上，在上個世紀(jì)的幾次強(qiáng)烈的太陽耀斑中，遠(yuǎn)在南方的夏威夷都能看到它們)”可推知，太陽活動越強(qiáng)，北極光可以看到的位置越南。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“…butatboththenorthandsouthpoles,wherethemagneticfieldisweaker,thesolarwindsbreakthrough,hittingournaturalgasescausingthesecolourfullights.(但在南北兩極，由于磁場較弱，太陽風(fēng)會突破，沖擊我們的天然氣體，產(chǎn)生這些彩色的光)”可推知，地球兩極的彩色光是由較弱的磁場引起的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了北極光相關(guān)信息，如其形成原因、觀賞工具、時機(jī)和地點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容。這些內(nèi)容通常會出現(xiàn)在旅游或科普類雜志上。故選A。BAsthenumberofdatacenters(數(shù)據(jù)中心)increases,theyseemtodisturbpeople’squietlife.Rowsofhigh-speedservers,whichpoweralmosteverythingtheworlddoesonphonesandcomputers,areheldinthebigwindowlesswarehouses.ThesewarehousesareincreasinglybecomingaspecialAmericanlandscapeintowns,citiesandsuburbsacrossthecountry.RichardAndreNewmanthoughthewouldlivetherestofhislifeinhisquiet,leafyneighborhoodinsuburbanVirginia.HewasbornandraisedinBrenMarPark,wherechildrenrodetheirbikesandneighborswavedhello.Butnow,becausehewillgetanewneighbor:Plaza500,a466,000-square-footdatacentertobebuiltneartown-homes,playgroundsandacommunitycenter,Richardfeelshelplessandheisafraidthathislifewillbedisturbed.Althoughinhissixties,heisconsideringsellinghisFairfaxCountyhomeandmovingaway.Datacentershasbeenballooningfastinrecentyearsbecauseoftherapidgrowthofcloudcomputingandartificialintelligence(AI),andlocalgovernmentshopetocompeteforhugeincomebydealingwithbigtechcompanies.Butasdatacentersbegintomoveintomorepopulatedareas,closetohomesandschools,parksandrecreationcenters,someresidents(居民)arepushingbackagainsttheworld’smostpowerfulcompaniesoverconcernsabouttheeconomic,socialandenvironmentalhealthoftheircommunities.Forlocalgovernments,attractingdatacenterstotheircitiesbenefitstheireconomy.VirginiaGov.GlennYoungkinsaidin2024thatVirginia’sexistingdatacentersbroughtin$1billionforthecity.TylerRay,alocalresident,saidthetaxesofferedtothecommunitiesarenotenoughtocounteract(抵消)theconsequencesofbuildingdatacenterssoclosetohomes.“Weknowthelocalgovernmentistryingtobringinincome,butwhatweareaskingforisthattheyshoulddoitinawaythatdoesn’trunresidentsawayfromtheirhomes,”TylerRaysaid.4.Whatisthewindowlesswarehousesusedfor?A.Housingsomeservers. B.Improvinglocalpeople’slife.C.ShowingAmericanlandscapes. D.Producingphonesandcomputers.5.WhatcanweinferfromRichard’sexperience?A.Hewillsellhishouseatahighprice. B.Hepreferslivinginanoisyplace.C.Hefeelsannoyedwiththedatacenter. D.Heistoooldtohelphisneighborhood.6.WhydoesthelocalgovernmentsupportDatacenters?A.Toprotecttheenvironment. B.Tobringinmoremoney.C.Tostrengthenpeople’shealth. D.Todrivelocalpeopleaway.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ballooning”inparagraph4mean?A.Dropping. B.Increasing. C.Bursting. D.Removing.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了隨著科技發(fā)展，沒有窗戶的倉庫里的數(shù)據(jù)中心正日益成為美國各地城鎮(zhèn)、城市和郊區(qū)的一道特殊風(fēng)景線?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Rowsofhigh-speedservers,whichpoweralmosteverythingtheworlddoesonphonesandcomputers,areheldinthebigwindowlesswarehouses.(一排排高速服務(wù)器被放在沒有窗戶的大倉庫里，為世界上幾乎所有的手機(jī)和電腦提供動力)”可知，沒有窗戶的倉庫用來容納一些服務(wù)器。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butnow,becausehewillgetanewneighbor:Plaza500,a466,000-square-footdatacentertobebuiltneartown-homes,playgroundsandacommunitycenter,Richardfeelshelplessandheisafraidthathislifewillbedisturbed.Althoughinhissixties,heisconsideringsellinghisFairfaxCountyhomeandmovingaway.(但現(xiàn)在，因為他將有一個新鄰居：Plaza500，一個46.6萬平方英尺的數(shù)據(jù)中心，將建在聯(lián)排別墅、游樂場和社區(qū)中心附近，理查德感到無助，他擔(dān)心自己的生活將受到干擾。盡管他已經(jīng)60多歲了，但他正在考慮賣掉他在費(fèi)爾法克斯縣的房子，搬離這里)”可知，理查德對數(shù)據(jù)中心感到惱火。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“l(fā)ocalgovernmentshopetocompeteforhugeincomebydealingwithbigtechcompanies(地方政府希望通過與大型科技公司打交道來爭奪巨額收入)”可知，地方政府支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)中心是為了賺更多的錢。故選B。【7題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“becauseoftherapidgrowthofcloudcomputingandartificialintelligence(AI)(由于云計算和人工智能（AI）的快速發(fā)展)”可知，由于云計算和人工智能（AI）的快速發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致了數(shù)據(jù)中心迅速增加，故劃線詞意思是“增加”。故選B。CAffluentNeglectmeansthatchildrenfromrichfamiliesoftengounnoticedbytheirparents.Thatdoesnotmeantheysufferfromhunger,lackofclothing,orpoorhealth.Actually,thechildrenlivingwithAffluentNeglectarewelllookedafterintheirdailylife.Whattheyareshortofisconnectionwithparentsandnecessaryboundaries(邊界感).Atthesametime,theyareundermorepressurewithmoreparentalexpectationstosucceed.Thelong-terminfluencesofAffluentNeglectarequiteworrying.Manychildren,withtheirparentsoftenawayworking,mayfeellonelyandaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.Withoutparents’company,thechildrenownfreedomtoexplorewhatevertheylike,buttoomuchfreedomandparentalabsencecanleavemanyofthemwithoutboundariesneeded.Thiscanresultinsomeissuessuchassleepingdisorder,lowinterests,oreventakingpartinriskybehaviorwithoutguidancefromparents.AffluentNeglectisarealconcernanditisdifficulttoaddress.Justimaginethattheparentsareworkingnon-stoptoprovidetheirkidswiththebestlivingconditions,onlytobetoldtheirkidsfeeltheyareunnoticed.Fortunately,somemeasurescanbetakentoavoidAffluentNeglect.Forexample,settingsomehoursasidetohavedinnerwithyourchildrencanmakeabigdifference.Chattingwiththemoverfoodisanotherwaytolearnhowtheyaregettingonwithschool,anddiscoverwhathobbiesthey’vedeveloped.Alsoallowingsometimefor“aimless”playenableschildrentodiscovertheirowncreativityandpassions.Again,encouragethemtoputdownsmartphonesandinsteadfindcreativewaystopasstime.Betteryet,jointheminsomeactivities,suchasbaking,painting,orcycling!Beingparentsisnevereasy,butmakingtinychangesinourroutinesandspendingtimewiththosewhomatterthemostwillpayoff!8.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayhappentochildrenfromrichfamilies?A.Theygetenoughattentionfromparents.B.Theyareabletocontrolwhattheydo.C.Theydislikestayingwiththeirparents.D.Theybearmoreexpectationsfromtheirparents.9.HowarechildrenaffectedbyAffluentNeglect?A.Theymayfeeldown. B.Theycanfeelenergetic.C.Theycanhaveasoundsleep. D.Theymayfeelindependent.10.WhatcanparentsdotopreventAffluentNeglect?A.Stayathomeeveryday. B.Tellwhathappenstoteachers.C.Allowthemtoplaygamesfreely. D.Climbmountainswiththeirchildren.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Beingparentsworkingawayfromhomeishard.B.Wealthbringshappinessforkidsfromrichfamilies.C.Kidsfromrichfamiliesneedmoreparentalattention.D.Parentsshouldpayattentiontokids’physicalhealth.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了富裕家庭的孩子需要更多父母的關(guān)注。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Atthesametime,theyareundermorepressurewithmoreparentalexpectationstosucceed.(與此同時，他們承受著更大的壓力，因為父母對他們成功的期望更高)”可知，來自富裕家庭的孩子承受著父母更多的期望，故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Manychildren,withtheirparentsoftenawayworking,mayfeellonelyandaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.(許多父母經(jīng)常外出工作的孩子，他們可能會感到孤獨(dú)，并且更容易患上抑郁癥)”可知，受到富足型忽視的孩子可能會感到情緒低落，故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Fortunately,somemeasurescanbetakentoavoidAffluentNeglect.Forexample,settingsomehoursasidetohavedinnerwithyourchildrencanmakeabigdifference.Chattingwiththemoverfoodisanotherwaytolearnhowtheyaregettingonwithschool,anddiscoverwhathobbiesthey’vedeveloped.Alsoallowingsometimefor“aimless”playenableschildrentodiscovertheirowncreativityandpassions.Again,encouragethemtoputdownsmartphonesandinsteadfindcreativewaystopasstime.Betteryet,jointheminsomeactivities,suchasbaking,painting,orcycling!(幸運(yùn)的是，我們可以采取一些措施來避免“富足型忽視”。例如，留出一些時間和孩子一起吃晚餐，這會產(chǎn)生很大的影響。吃飯時和他們聊聊天，這是了解他們在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)以及發(fā)現(xiàn)他們培養(yǎng)了哪些愛好的另一種方式。另外，給他們一些時間進(jìn)行“無目的”的玩耍，能讓孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的創(chuàng)造力和熱情。同樣，鼓勵他們放下智能手機(jī)，轉(zhuǎn)而尋找有創(chuàng)意的方式來打發(fā)時間。更好的做法是，和他們一起參與一些活動，比如烘焙、繪畫或者騎自行車！)”可知，家長可以通過和孩子一起吃飯和參加活動來預(yù)防富裕忽視，D選項“Climbmountainswiththeirchildren.(和孩子一起爬山)”屬于參加活動的一種，符合題意。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AffluentNeglectmeansthatchildrenfromrichfamiliesoftengounnoticedbytheirparents.Thatdoesnotmeantheysufferfromhunger,lackofclothing,orpoorhealth.Actually,thechildrenlivingwithAffluentNeglectarewelllookedafterintheirdailylife.Whattheyareshortofisconnectionwithparentsandnecessaryboundaries(邊界感).Atthesametime,theyareundermorepressurewithmoreparentalexpectationstosucceed.(“富足型忽視”指的是富裕家庭的孩子常常被父母忽視。這并不意味著他們會遭受饑餓、缺衣少食或者健康狀況不佳的困擾。實際上，處于“富足型忽視”環(huán)境中的孩子在日常生活中得到了很好的照料。他們所缺乏的是與父母的情感聯(lián)結(jié)以及必要的邊界感。與此同時，他們承受著更大的壓力，因為父母對他們成功的期望更高)”可知，文章第一段提出富裕忽視是指富裕家庭的孩子經(jīng)常被父母忽視，下文具體講述了富裕忽視的影響和如何避免富裕忽視，因此文章主旨是富裕家庭的孩子需要更多的父母關(guān)注，故選C。DAustraliahaspassedalawthatbans(禁止)individualsundertheageof16fromusingsocialmediaplatforms.Thislaw,whichwaspassedquicklybytheParliament,aimsatprotectingchildrenfromthepossibledangersexistinginthedigitaltimes.PassedbytheSenateonNovember28,2024,afterjustaweekofdiscussion,thelawordersthatsocialmediacompanies—rangingfromTikToktoInstagram—carryout“reasonablemeasures”tobanteenagersfromcreatingaccounts.Failuretoobeycouldresultinlargefines,reachingupto$32million.Thedriveforthislawcomesfromgrowingconcernsabouttheharmfuleffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.PrimeMinisterAnthonyAlbanesehasbeensupportiveoftheneedtoprotectchildrenfromonlinebullying(霸凌),peerpressure,andharmfulbehaviors.Thegovernment’sviewpointisclear:teenagersaged16andolderareconsideredablertohandleonlineissues.ArecentsurveyshowsthatthisprotectivemeasureattractstheAustralianpublic:astriking77%supportthelaw.Thisstrongsupportshowsasocietalagreementonputtingchildren’ssafetyfirstinanincreasinglyinterconnectedworld.However,whilethelawsetsupaclearagelimit,doubtsappearregardingitsbeingputintopractice.Thegovernmenthasdecidednottorequireuserstoprovidegovernment-issuedidentificationtoprovetheirages,adecisionaimedatdealingwithprivacyconcernsbutonethatraisesdoubtsabouthowsuccessfullythesemeasurescanbeputintoeffect.Someexpertswarnthatwithoutstrongandstrictageprovingprocesses,teenagersmaystillfindwaystoavoidthelimits.12.WhatcausedtheAustraliangovernmenttopassthelaw?A.Improvingchildren’sabilitiestosolveproblems.B.Worryingaboutteenagers’mentalhealth.C.Protectingchildrenfromschoolbullying.D.Theinfluencesofteenagers’badbehaviouronsociety.13.What’stheattitudeofmostAustralianstothelaw?A.Unclear. B.Disagreeable. C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.14.Whydosomepeopledoubtwhetherthelawcanbecarriedoutsuccessfully?A.Becauseageprovingprocesseswastetime.B.Becauseit’seasytogiveawaytheusers’privacy.C.Becauseit’sdifficulttoensuretheusers’age.D.Becausethelawdoesn’twinparents’approval.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ANewBaninAustraliatoProtectItsYoungCitizens.B.ANewLawinAustraliaBanningtheUseofSocialMedia.C.ANewBaninAustraliatoProtectChildrenfromDangers.D.ANewLawinAustraliaBanningChildrenfromUsingSocialMedia.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了澳大利亞通過了一項新法律，禁止16歲以下兒童使用社交媒體?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Thedriveforthislawcomesfromgrowingconcernsabouttheharmfuleffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.(推動這項法律出臺的是對社交媒體對心理健康有害影響日益增長的擔(dān)憂。)”可知，澳大利亞政府通過這項法律的原因是擔(dān)心青少年的心理健康。故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“ArecentsurveyshowsthatthisprotectivemeasureattractstheAustralianpublic:astriking77%supportthelaw.(最近的一項調(diào)查顯示，這一保護(hù)措施得到了澳大利亞公眾的青睞：高達(dá)77%的人支持該法律。)”可知，大多數(shù)澳大利亞人對這項法律持支持態(tài)度。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Thegovernmenthasdecidednottorequireuserstoprovidegovernment-issuedidentificationtoprovetheirages,adecisionaimedatdealingwithprivacyconcernsbutonethatraisesdoubtsabouthowsuccessfullythesemeasurescanbeputintoeffect.Someexpertswarnthatwithoutstrongandstrictageprovingprocesses,teenagersmaystillfindwaystoavoidthelimits.(政府已決定不要求用戶提供政府頒發(fā)的身份證明來證實其年齡，這一決定旨在應(yīng)對隱私方面的擔(dān)憂，但也引發(fā)了對這些措施能否有效實施的質(zhì)疑。一些專家警告說，如果沒有嚴(yán)格有力的年齡證明程序，青少年仍可能找到規(guī)避限制的方法。)”可知，一些人懷疑這項法律能否成功實施是因為很難確保用戶的年齡。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Australiahaspassedalawthatbans(禁止)individualsundertheageof16fromusingsocialmediaplatforms.Thislaw,whichwaspassedquicklybytheParliament,aimsatprotectingchildrenfromthepossibledangersexistinginthedigitaltimes.(澳大利亞已通過一項法律，禁止16歲以下未成年人使用社交媒體平臺。該法律迅速獲得議會通過，旨在保護(hù)兒童免受數(shù)字時代可能存在的危險。)”可知，文章主要講述了澳大利亞通過了一項禁止16歲以下未成年人使用社交媒體的法律，旨在保護(hù)兒童免受數(shù)字時代可能存在的危險。因此，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題的是D項“ANewLawinAustraliaBanningChildrenfromUsingSocialMedia(澳大利亞通過一項新法律禁止兒童使用社交媒體)”。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Lifeisfullofdisconnectedevents,andmemoryallowsustoconnectthoseeventsandformourstories.Ourmemoriesmakeupwhoweareandhelpustoimaginepossiblefuturescenarios(設(shè)想).Howdoweformnewmemories?____16____.Short-TermMemoryFornewinformationtogointolong-termmemory,itmustpassthroughshort-termmemory.Thecontentsofshort-termmemoryareforgottenrapidlyandarelostunlesspracticed.Morepracticemeanspayingmoreattention.Besides,welearnnewknowledgebylinkingittowhatwealreadyunderstand.____17____.PayAttentionAttentionisnecessaryforcreatingamemoryforanything.Werememberwhatwepayattentionto.____18____.Wetendtopayattentiontowhatwefindinteresting,meaningful,new,surprising,andemotional.Nothingfocusesthemindlikesurprise.Forexample,althoughonemaycompletelyenjoyaparticularconversation,thesameconversationasecondtimearoundwouldnotbesointeresting.EmotionalImportanceTheexperienceofemotionstrengthensourmemories.Eventsandinformationthatexcitestrongemotionsalsotendtomattertous.Youwillneverforgetsomeevents,suchasthejoyofthebirthofyourfirstchild,oryourweddingday.____19____.Astimepasses,ourmemorieschangefromstoringthespecificsofwhathappenedtostoringthegeneralmeaningoftheevent.Asthesayinggoes,“Timehealsallwounds.”____20____Stresscanleadtomemorylosses,suchasthecommonexperienceofmentallyblankingduringahigh-pressureexaminationorinterview.Thus,worryingabouthowyouwillperformonatestmaycontributetoalowertestscore.Suchthoughtswilldecreaseyourabilitytolearnnewinformationandgetbackpreviouslylearnedinformation.A.StressCanaffectLearningB.BadfeelingsLimitLearningC.WealwayshavetobuildonwhatweknowD.However,memoriestendtobecomelessvividovertimeE.ThefollowingtipswillhelpyoukeepyourmemorysharpatanyageF.MemorylossesusuallyhappenbecausewewerenotpayingattentionG.Therefore,memoriestendtobecomestrongerwithtimepassingby【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了記憶的作用以及形成新記憶的方法，包括短期記憶、注意力、情緒的重要性以及壓力對學(xué)習(xí)的影響等方面的內(nèi)容。【16題詳解】設(shè)空位于首段段尾，應(yīng)是承接上文，并引出下文主題，根據(jù)前文“Lifeisfullofdisconnectedevents,andmemoryallowsustoconnectthoseeventsandformourstories.Ourmemoriesmakeupwhoweareandhelpustoimaginepossiblefuturescenarios(設(shè)想).Howdoweformnewmemories?(生活中充滿了互不相關(guān)的事件，而記憶讓我們把這些事件聯(lián)系起來，形成我們的故事。我們的記憶決定了我們是誰，并幫助我們想象未來可能的情景。我們是如何形成新的記憶的？)”并結(jié)合下文關(guān)于短期記憶、注意力、情緒的重要性以及壓力對學(xué)習(xí)的影響等方面的介紹可知，E項“Thefollowingtipswillhelpyoukeepyourmemorysharpatanyage(下面的建議將幫助你在任何年齡都保持敏銳的記憶力)”符合題意，對前文提問的回答，且引出下文。故選E項?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空位于段尾，應(yīng)是對前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Besides,welearnnewknowledgebylinkingittowhatwealreadyunderstand.(此外，我們通過將新知識與我們已經(jīng)理解的知識聯(lián)系起來來學(xué)習(xí)新知識)”可知，新知識建立在舊知識的基礎(chǔ)上。C項“Wealwayshavetobuildonwhatweknow(我們總是要建立在我們所知道的基礎(chǔ)上)”是對前文的進(jìn)一步說明，符合文意。故選C項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Attentionisnecessaryforcreatingamemoryforanything.Werememberwhatwepayattentionto.(注意力對于任何事物的記憶都是必要的。我們會記住我們所關(guān)注的東西)”可知，本段主要講述注意力對記憶的必要性，所以F項“Memorylossesusuallyhappenbecausewewerenotpayingattention(記憶喪失通常是因為我們沒有集中注意力)”是對前文的進(jìn)一步說明，符合本段主題，其中payingattention為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選F項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youwillneverforgetsomeevents,suchasthejoyofthebirthofyourfirstchild,oryourweddingday.(你永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記一些事情，比如你第一個孩子出生的喜悅，或者你的婚禮)”以及后文“Astimepasses,ourmemorieschangefromstoringthespecificsofwhathappenedtostoringthegeneralmeaningoftheevent.(隨著時間的推移，我們的記憶會從儲存事件的細(xì)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮Υ媸录目傮w意義)”可知，前文講述不會忘記一些重要的事，后文提及會忘記細(xì)節(jié)，由此可知，記憶會隨著時間變得模糊，所以D項“However,memoriestendtobecomelessvividovertime(然而，隨著時間的推移，記憶往往會變得不那么生動)”和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并引出后文。故選D項?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Stresscanleadtomemorylosses,suchasthecommonexperienceofmentallyblankingduringahigh-pressureexaminationorinterview.Thus,worryingabouthowyouwillperformonatestmaycontributetoalowertestscore.Suchthoughtswilldecreaseyourabilitytolearnnewinformationandgetbackpreviouslylearnedinformation.(壓力會導(dǎo)致記憶力喪失，比如在高壓力的考試或面試中精神空白的常見經(jīng)歷。因此，擔(dān)心自己在考試中的表現(xiàn)可能會導(dǎo)致較低的考試分?jǐn)?shù)。這樣的想法會降低你學(xué)習(xí)新信息和回想以前所學(xué)信息的能力)”可知，本段主要講述壓力對記憶的影響，所以A項“StressCanaffectLearning(壓力會影響學(xué)習(xí))”是對本段的概括，符合主題。故選A項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Roseworkedinaclothingfactory.She____21____agiftatdesigningclothes,whichbroughtinmoneyforherbossandwerelovedbyladies.Afterseveralyears,thebossofthefactory,anelderlylady,offeredtomakeher____22____,whichgaveRoseasurprise.Later,whentheladyretired,Rose____23____hershareandbecametheboss.Before____24____thefactory,Rosehadtravelledtoseewhatherrivals(對手)wereproducing.Shehadalwaysstayedatsmallcheap____25____,spendingalittlemoney.Shesaidtoherself:“Everythingistobe____26____!”Now,asa(an)____27____,shefeltsheshouldstayinbetterhotels.Shehadherownidea:seeingsuchhotels,peoplewouldthinkshewas____28____,andtheywouldbuyherclothes.Lastyear,afterattendingafashion____29____inRome,shechoseafancyhoteltostayat.Thenatthehotelshe_____30_____herownfashionshowtoattractcustomers.Beforeleaving,she_____31_____herbill.Shecheckeditcarefullyandthoughteverythingisgoodfor_____32_____.Whenseeingthelastline,_____33_____,shefrowned(皺眉).Itsaid“Paper...Lire(里拉)1,800,”—about75poundsinBritishmoney.Shecouldnotrememberhavingusedanypaperfromthehotel,sosheaskedthecashier.“Thatisforthepaperyour_____34_____iswrittenon.”saidthecashier._____35_____thepuzzledwoman,addedhe,“Everythingistobepaidfor,lady!”“Whetheryouarepoororrich,everyactionyoutakecomesatacost!”thoughtRose.21.A.noticed B.disliked C.accepted D.showed22.A.apartner B.aguide C.adirector D.acustomer23.A.reduced B.donated C.bought D.sold24.A.owning B.organizing C.establishing D.modernizing25.A.shelters B.architectures C.hotels D.apartments26.A.paidfor B.pickedup C.takenaway D.usedup27.A.employee B.boss C.customer D.professor28.A.graceful B.responsible C.creative D.successful29.A.concert B.organization C.style D.show30.A.held B.registered C.watched D.admired31.A.bought B.received C.paid D.gave32.A.success B.growth C.value D.self-improvement33.A.However B.Whatever C.Therefore D.Anyhow34.A.tax B.bill C.income D.price35.A.Thinkingof B.Lookingat C.Pointingto D.Seeingto【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.D30.A31.B32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章講述Rose在成為服裝廠老板后，用最小的成本創(chuàng)造最大價值，并最終從一張貴重的酒店賬單中領(lǐng)悟到每一個行為都有代價的道理。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她展示了設(shè)計衣服的天賦，這為她的老板帶來了收入，并受到女士們的喜愛。A.noticed注意到；B.disliked不喜歡；C.accepted接受；D.showed展示。根據(jù)后文“whichbroughtinmoneyforherbossandwerelovedbyladies”可知，她展示了設(shè)計衣服的天賦，故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾位年后，工廠的老板，一位年長的女士，提出讓她成為合伙人,這讓Rose很驚訝。A.apartner合伙人，同伴；B.aguide向?qū)?；C.adirector導(dǎo)演；D.acustomer顧客。根據(jù)下文“Rose___hershareandbecametheboss”可知，提出讓她成為合伙人，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，當(dāng)她的老板退休時，Rose買下了她的股，并成為老板。A.reduced減少；B.donated捐贈；C.bought購買；D.sold出售。根據(jù)下文“becametheboss”可知，Rose買下了她的股份，成為老板，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在擁有工廠之前，Rose曾去看過她的競爭對手在生產(chǎn)什么。A.owning擁有；B.organizing組織；C.establishing建立；D.modernizing使現(xiàn)代化。根據(jù)前文“becametheboss”以及下文“Rosehadtravelledtoseewhatherrivals(對手)wereproducing.”可知，在擁有工廠之前，Rose曾去看過她的競爭對手在生產(chǎn)什么。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是住小而便宜的酒店，花很少的錢。A.shelters庇護(hù)所；B.architectures建筑；C.hotels酒店；D.apartments公寓。根據(jù)下文“asa(an)_____shefeltsheshouldstayinbetterhotels”可知，她總是住小而便宜的酒店，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她對自己說：“一切都是要付費(fèi)的！”A.paidfor付費(fèi)；B.pickedup撿起；C.takenaway拿走；D.usedup用完。根據(jù)上文“spendingalittlemoney”可是她選擇住便宜的酒店是想少花錢，因為一切都要付費(fèi)，與下文“ “Everythingistobepaidfor,lady!””相呼應(yīng)。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，作為老板，她覺得自己應(yīng)該住更好的酒店。A.employee雇員；B.boss老板；C.customer顧客；D.professor教授。根據(jù)前文“shehadtravelledtoseewhatherrivalswereproducing”及“shebecametheboss”可知，此處指她成為了老板，她覺得作為老板應(yīng)該住更好的酒店。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她有自己的想法：看著這樣的旅館，別人會認(rèn)為她很成功，并會購買她的衣服。A.graceful優(yōu)雅的；B.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D.successful成功的。根據(jù)前文“shefeltsheshouldstayinbetterhotels.”以及下文“theywouldbuyherclothes”可知，她認(rèn)為別人看到她住在更好的酒店里會認(rèn)為她成功，會購買她工廠的衣服，故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年參加完在羅馬的時裝展后，她選擇了一家豪華的酒店住下。A.concert音樂會；B.organization組織；C.style風(fēng)格；D.show展覽。根據(jù)下文“herownfashionshowtoattractcustomers”及空前“ attendingafashion”可知，她參加的是時裝展，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在酒店里，她舉辦了自己的時裝秀以吸引顧客。A.held舉行；B.registered注冊；C.watched觀看；D.admired欽佩。根據(jù)后文“toattractcustomers”可知，她舉辦自己的時裝秀以吸引顧客，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：離開之前，她收到了賬單。A.bought買；B.received收到；C.paid支付；D.gave給。根據(jù)上文“shechoseafancyhoteltostayat.Thenatthehotelshe

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herownfashionshowtoattractcustomers.”、后文“Itsaid‘Paper…L