2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit3Inventorsandinventions單元加餐練新人教版選修8

PAGE1-單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解People,whosedeskspaceiswellventilated(使空氣流通)withbelowaverageindoorpollutionandcarbondioxidelevels,showedmoreabilitytothink,understand,rememberandlearn,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersatHarvardclaimthatworkinginagreenofficecanhelpincreasethebrainpower.It'sclearthattheindoorairqualitycanhaveagreatimpactontheperformanceofworkers.Researcherslookedatthedecision-makingabilitiesof24participants(參加者),whowereexposedtodifferentindoorworkingconditionsoversixdays.Thedatashowedthatthosewithhigherlevelsofpollutantswerelessabletofinishthework.Participantsscoredanaverageof61percenthigherwhileworkinginbuildingswiththelowpollutionlevel,comparedwiththoseworkingintheconventionalbuildings.Theparticipantsweretestedoneverythingfromthebasictasktocrisis(危機)responseandinformationseeking.Whenlowcarbondioxidelevelswerecombinedwithlowerlevelofpollutantsinbuildings,scoreswere101percenthigherthaninbuildingswiththesamedecorationandfurniture,whichresearcherssaidwasimportant.Allthetime,itisnottypicallythoughtofasadirectindoorpollutant.DrJosephAllen,directorofthehealthybuildingsprogramattheCentreforHealthandGlobalEnvironment,notestheairqualityintheofficeisanareathathasbeenlargelyignored.Fortunately,theresearchresultsfromHarvardhassoundedthealarmintime.“Wespend90percentofourtimeindoors,yetindoorenvironmentanditsimpactonhealthandproductivityareoftenanafterthought，”hesaid.Ithasturnedoutthateventhemodestimprovementtoindoorairqualitymaycontributetothedecision-makingperformanceofworkers.Britishresearchhasfoundthathavingplantsintheworkplacecanincreaseproductivityby15percentbymakingworkersmorephysicallyandemotionallyinvolvedintheirjobs.語篇解讀：本文為說明文。探討人員發(fā)覺，通風(fēng)良好的綠色辦公室有助于提升腦力，室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量對員工的決策力和工作表現(xiàn)有很大的影響。1．What'sthenewfindingfromHarvard?A．It'snecessarytopainttheofficegreen.B．Freshaircanimproveworkefficiency.C．Airqualityintheofficeisusuallypoor.D．Peoplemakemoremistakesinbigoffices.解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段可知，哈佛高校的探討發(fā)覺，在通風(fēng)條件良好、室內(nèi)空氣污染和二氧化碳水平均低于平均水平的地方，人們表現(xiàn)出更強的思索、理解、記憶和學(xué)習(xí)實力。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Furniture. B．Decoration.C．Carbondioxide. D．Thelevelofpollutants.解析：選C代詞指代題。由第三段可知，在二氧化碳含量低而且室內(nèi)污染物少時，參加者的得分比在裝修和家具相同的辦公室里時高出101%。探討人員稱這一發(fā)覺非常重要，因為始終以來，人們并不認為二氧化碳是干脆的室內(nèi)污染物。3．What'stheattitudeofDrJosephAllentotheresearchresultsfromHarvard?A．Critical. B．Positive.C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.解析：選B觀點看法題。由第四段可知，約瑟夫·艾倫博士說，辦公室的空氣質(zhì)量在很大程度上始終被人們所忽視。幸好，哈佛高校的探討結(jié)果剛好為人們敲響了警鐘。由此可推想，他對探討結(jié)果是持確定的看法。4．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．peopleshouldreducetimespentindoorsB．workingconditionsdecideone'sworkingabilityC．BritishresearchisoppositetoHarvardstudyD．plantsintheofficecanhelppeopleworkbetter解析：選D推理推斷題。由最終一段可知，英國的探討表明，在辦公室擺放植物可以使員工在身體和情感上都更投入工作，從而提高15%的生產(chǎn)力。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Inyourlife,sometimesyoumaybeaskedtospeakinfrontofalargegroupofpeople.Althoughitsoundsalittlescary,eventhosewithstagefrightcanspeaksuccessfullytothegroupwithadequatepreparation.·Practiceyourspeechbeforethebigday.__1__Ifpossible,practicethespeechinfrontofafriendorfamilymembertogetusedtosayingittorealpeople.Ifyoufeelyoumusthavenotecards,limittheamounttoaboutthreecards.Thiswillforceyoutokeepyourspeechconciseandhelpyoukeepyoureyesfocusedonyouraudience.·Rememberwhyyou'vebeeninvitedtospeak.Ifyou'rebattlingfearoverspeakingtoalargegroupofpeople,keepyourmindonthefactthatyouwereselectedforthisimportantrole.Thespeechorganizersmusthaveseensomethingvaluableinyouoryourexpertise.__2__·Rememberthatfearofpublicspeakingisverycommon.__3__Mostofthepeopleintheaudiencewouldbefeelingthesamefearandstressthatyoudoinyourposition.Knowingthismaymakeyoufeelbetter.·__4__Whatyousayshouldbetailoredtowhyyou'rethereandwhoyou'respeakingtoinordertoavoidsoundinggeneral.Ifspeakingtoacharitygroup,mentionthegoodworkcertainspecificindividualshavedoneforthecause.Ifspeakingatabusinessconference,brieflystatewhyyouwanttohelpthesepeople.·Keepeyecontactwiththecrowd.__5__Pickonepersonineachsectionandlookathimwhileyou'respeaking.Aftereachimportantpointinyourspeech,switchyourfocustoanothersection.Whenyoufocusonlyononepersonatatime,thesizeofthecrowdisn'tasfrightening.A．Agoodmemoryisreallyhelpful.B．Showappreciationtoyouraudience.C．Mentionyouraudienceinyourspeech.D．Themoreyouhaveitmemorized,thebetter.E．Infact,it'snormaltofeelnervousorstressedoutbeforeabigspeech.F．Separatethecrowdintothreesectionsmentallyasyougetuptospeak.G．Theknowledgeofotherpeople'srespectforyoushouldreducesomeofthefear.答案：1～5DGECFⅢ.完形填空MyhusbandandIwereworkinginaremotevillageinnorthernThailand.Thereweremany__1__，particularlyaroundourhousing.We__2__ourhousethispastJune.Shortlyafter,whilewewereworkingattheoffice,the__3__removedallthesurroundingbananatreesandthegrassinordertoraisethegroundlevel—shehad__4__ontearingdownourhouseandbuildinganewoneafterweleft.Shebroughtintonsof__5__.Thisleftourhouseinakindofmoat(壕溝),andwhentheheavyrainscame,our__6__flooded.Thiswasupsetting,butitturnedintosomething__7__，becausewhenhebecame__8__ofit,theheadmasteratmyschoolgotmyeighth-gradeclasstocometohelp__9__up.Theboysdugintothemoattodrain(使……流走)thewater,andbuiltapathouttothestreet,__10__thegirlsmoppedupthewaterinsideandspreadnewspapersto__11__it.Beforetheproblemwastruly__12__，however,wehadanotherflood.Thisturnedintoa__13__，withteachersandstudents__14__helpingcleanup.Anothertime,myhusbandsuddenlygotvery__15__.Itwasgoingto__16__theambulancetwohourstoreachourhouse,__17__myco-teacherarrangedforatruckfromthegovernmentofficetotakeustomeetit—thistruly__18__hislifebycuttingtwohoursofftheride.Thereweremanyother__19__ofcareandkindness.Thiscommunityisdeartoourhearts,andthereisnowaywecaneverrepay(回報)them.Iplantotrymybesttopayitforwardby__20__peopleinneedofhelp.語篇解讀：本文為記敘文。作者在泰國工作期間，得到了社區(qū)其他人的熱心幫助，由此感慨良多。1．A.surprises B．disappointmentsC．wishes D．challenges解析：選D由下文作者的房子里進水可推斷此處意為生活中遇到了很多困難和挑戰(zhàn)。2．A.pickedout B．movedintoC．setup D．metwith解析：選B由“Shortlyafter,whilewewereworkingattheoffice”可推斷，此處指作者一家人搬進那棟房子。3．A.worker B．leaderC．owner D．loser解析：選C由下文“tearingdownourhouseandbuildinganewoneafterweleft”可知，作者一家是租的房子，此處應(yīng)指房東。4．A.planned B．triedC．insisted D．carried解析：選A由“afterweleft”可推斷，建新居是房東的準(zhǔn)備。5．A.ash B．waterC．dust D．dirt解析：選D由上文“toraisethegroundlevel”可知，房東為了抬高地面運來了很多土。6．A.office B．houseC．town D．village解析：選B由上文“Thisleftourhouseinakindofmoat”可知，作者的房子進了水。7．A.frightening B．dangerousC．good D．interesting解析：選C由下文別人幫助作者一家可知，本是令人苦惱的事最終卻變成了一件好事。8．A.aware B．carefulC．a(chǎn)fraid D．sure解析：選A校長知道作者家進了水，動員師生前來幫忙，由此語境可推斷選A項。9．A.catch B．standC．grow D．clean解析：選D由下文“withteachersandstudents________helpingcleanup”的提示可推斷選D項。10．A.before B．whileC．a(chǎn)fter D．unless解析：選B男生挖溝排水，與此同時，女生拖地吸水。11．A.cover B．hideC．dry D．destroy解析：選C由“moppedupthewaterinside”和“spreadnewspapers”可推斷，此處指女生用報紙吸水。12．A.solved B．a(chǎn)voidedC．discussed D．found解析：選A問題在被解決之前又來了一陣洪水，故選A項。13．A.meeting B．quarrelC．failure D．party解析：選D洪水一來，師生又得忙起來，就如實行一次晚會那樣喧鬧，故選D項。14．A.still B．a(chǎn)gainC．even D．a(chǎn)lmost解析：選B參見上題解析。15．A.tired B．sleepyC．sick D．depressed解析：選C由“ambulance”可知，作者的丈夫病了。16．A.take B．callC．bring D．give解析：選A此處為句型“Ittakessb./sth....todosth.”，故選A項。17．A.and B．soC．or D．but解析：選D原來須要很長一段時間，但作者的同事幫忙避開了這種狀況的發(fā)生。由前后的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可推斷選D項。18．A.improved B．savedC．protected D．changed解析：選B由于節(jié)約了時間使得丈夫得到剛好救治，挽救了他的生命。19．A.benefits B．meaningsC．examples D．causes解析：選C由上文所舉的兩個事例(一是師生幫忙清水，一是丈夫得到剛好救治)可推斷此處應(yīng)選C項。20．A.takingon B．callingupC．relyingon D．lookingfor解析：選D作者不知道如何回報別人對她一家的幫助，所以她準(zhǔn)備找尋那些須要幫助的人(去幫助他們來持續(xù)這份愛心)。Ⅳ.語法填空YearsagoIworkedinacompanyasasalesman.Ispentonefifthofmytimeintrainsorplanes.IlikedsuchalifeandsometimesIcalled__1__(I)“traveler”．Butona__2__(freeze)coldmorningIgotintotrouble.Iwasstillinbed__3__suddenlythephonerangandmymanagertoldmetoflytoNewYorktoattend__4__importantmeeting.IhadtogetupandafteraquickbreakfastIhurriedtotheairport.Itwasblowing__5__(heavy)andthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.ThetaxiwentslowlyandImissedthefirstflight.Ihadtotakethenextone,__6__meantIwouldwaitfornearlyfivehoursinthewaitingroom.Butfivehours__7__(late)weweretoldtherewasabombinourplaneandthepolice__8__(look)forit.Anotherfivehourspassedandmostpassengerslosttheir__9__(patient).Beforewewerefinallyallowedtogetontheplane,wehadtohaveourbaggage__10__(examine).Attheentranceayoungmanshoutedatthepolicemen,“IfIhadaguninmybaggage,Iwouldhaveshotyoutwohoursago！”語篇解讀：本文介紹了作者在一個天寒地凍的早晨趕飛機去紐約開會的經(jīng)驗。1．myself該句意思是“有時我把自己稱為旅行者”，故用I的反身代詞。2．freezing“freezingcold”是習(xí)慣搭配，意思是“極冷的”。3．whenwhen在此處表示“突然；就在這時”。4．a(chǎn)nanimportantmeeting指“一次重要會議”，故用不定冠