貴州省銅仁市2024-2025學年高二上學期期末檢測英語試題【含答案解析】

銅仁市2024~2025學年第一學期教學質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高二英語本試卷共10頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebusstop. B.Inthestreet. C.Inthestation.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyoutellmehowtogettoCentralStation?I’mquitenewtothisarea.M:Gostraightaheadfortwoblocks,turnrightatthetrafficlight,andyou’llseeitonyourleft.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.3:00pm. B.3:10pm. C.3:20pm.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Lucy,thetraintoNewYorkcitywillsetoffat3:40pm.W:Don’tworry,we’llarriveintenminutesandyou’llstillhavehalfanhourleftbeforethetrainleaves.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Takingextraclasses. B.Studyingalone. C.Joiningastudygroup.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’mhavingtroublewithmath.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?Ireallywanttoimprovemygrades.M:Whydon’tyoujoinourstudygroup?WemeeteveryTuesdayafterschool.W:Thatsoundsperfect!4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwastheirlastmeeting?A.Lastwinter. B.Lastspring. C.Lastsummer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HiTom!Ihaven’tseenyousincelastsummer.Howhaveyoubeendoingwithyournewprojects?M:Great!I’vebeenbusywithmynewjob.Weshouldcatchupsometimesoon.W:Definitely!Let’shavecoffeenextweek.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ihadaterribleheadachethismorning.ShouldIseeadoctor?It’sgettingworseeveryhour.M:Honey,ifitdoesn’tgetbettersoon,youprobablyshould.Haveyoutakenanymedicineforit?W:Notyet.MaybeI’lltrysomefirst...couldyougetmesomemedicinefromthemedicinecabinet?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whowillthewomanbuygiftsfor?A.Hersister. B.Herson. C.Herhusband.7.What’sthetotalpriceafterdiscount?A.$24. B.$25. C.$30.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,I’mlookingforabirthdaygiftformysister.Shelovesreadingandcollectingbeautifulbookmarks.M:Howaboutthisnewnovel?It’sbeenverypopularlately,andwehavematchingbookmarkstoo.W:Thatlooksinteresting.Howmuchisit?Ihopeit’swithinmybudget.M:Thebookis$25,andthebookmarkis$5,butwehavea20%discountthisweekonbothitems.W:Perfect!I’lltakethemboth.M:Wouldyoulikethemgift-wrapped?It’sfreeofcharge.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Travelsafety. B.Travelarrangement. C.Travelsuggestions.9WhydoesthemanadvisevisitingtheEiffelTowerinearlymorning?A.Therearefewtourists. B.It'scooler. C.Thesceneryismorebeautiful.10.Whatshouldbedoneinadvance?A.Reserveatable. B.Bookhotels. C.Buytickets.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:I’mplanningatwo-weektriptoParisnextmonth.Anyadviceformyjourney?M:ThebesttimetovisittheEiffelTowerisearlymorningtoavoidcrowds.Haveyoubookedyouraccommodationyet?W:Notyet.Howlongwouldyourecommendstayingineachdistrict?M:AtleastthreedaysincentralParistoseethemainattractions.TheLatinQuarterisparticularlycharming.W:Whataboutaccommodationoptions?Mybudgetisaround200eurospernight.M:TrybookingaboutiquehotelintheMaraisdistrict.It’smoreexpensivebutworthitfortheauthenticexperience.W:Thanksfortheadvice.ShouldIbookanytoursinadvance?M:DefinitelybookticketsfortheLouvreandVersaillesinadvance.Thequeuescanbelongduringpeakseason.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatistheman'sfavorite?A.Color. B.Design. C.Fashion.12.Whathelpsthemanhandlecreativeblocks?A.Readingfashionmagazines.B.Travelingandobserving.C.Takingphotographyclasses.13.What'stheman'sadviceforbeginners?A.Learnbusinessskills. B.Studymarkettrends. C.Buildthebestworkearly.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatmadeyouafashiondesigner?Itseemslikesuchaninterestingcareer.M:I’vealwayslovedcreatinguniquedesignsandworkingwithdifferentfabrics.Fashionismytruehobby.W:Doyoufinditchallengingtokeepupwiththelatesttrends?M:Yes,butthat'swhatmakesitexciting.Everyseasonbringsnewinspirationsandchallenges.W:Howdoyouhandlecreativeblocks?M:Itravel,visitartgalleries,andobservestreetfashion.Inspirationcancomefromanywhere.W:That'sfascinating!Whatadvicewouldyougivetoambitiousdesigners?M:Startbuildingyourbestworkearlyandneverstoplearningnewtechniques.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】14.What’stheadvantageofrockclimbing?A.Findmorebeauty. B.Improvephysicallimits. C.Increaseself-confidence.15.Whendidthemanstarthishobbies?A.Twoyearsago. B.Threeyearsago. C.Fiveyearsago.16.Whatdoesthemanfocusmoreonequipment?A.Buythebestgear. B.Techniquemattersmore. C.Qualitydeterminessuccess.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesecommunities?A.Competitive. B.Welcoming. C.Professional.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouliketodoinyourfreetime?M:I’mreallyaddictedtophotographyandrockclimbing.Theybothchallengemeindifferentways.Photographyhelpsmeseebeautyindetails,whileclimbingpushesmyphysicallimits.W:That’sanunusualcombination!Whatkindofphotosdoyouspecializein?M:Mostlyadventurephotography.Icombinemyclimbingtripswithlandscapeshootingopportunities.Natureprovidesthemoststunningbackdropsformywork.W:Howlonghaveyoubeendoingtheseactivities?Theymustrequirealotofpractice.M:Aboutfiveyearsnow.Istartedwithbasicindoorclimbingandsmartphonephotography.Thelearningcurvewassteepbutrewarding.W:Doyouneedexpensiveequipmentforbothhobbies?M:Notnecessarily.It’smoreabouttechniqueandexperiencethanhavingfancygear.Themostimportantthingisunderstandingyourequipment,whateveritmaybe.W:Wouldyourecommendthesehobbiestobeginners?M:Absolutely!Bothcommunitiesenjoygreatpopularityamongnewcomers.Youjustneeddedicationandpatience.Thesatisfactionyougetfromcapturingperfectmomentsorreachingnewheightsmakesitallworthwhile.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】18.What’sSarah’scurrentjob?A.Adesigner. B.Aphotographer. C.Atravelblogger.19.HowwillSarahachieveheraim?A.Becomeapopularblogger.BMixtravelwithdesign.C.Workwithinternationaltravelers.20.WhatdoesSarahwanttobecome?A.Morekind-hearted. B.Moreopen-minded. C.Morestrong-willed.【答案】18.A19.B20.B【解析】【原文】Helloeveryone!I’mSarahChen,a25-year-olddesignerfromShanghai,currentlyworkingatoneofthecity’sleadingcreativeagencies.IgraduatedfromShanghaiArtAcademythreeyearsagowithhonorsinVisualCommunication.Myjobinvolvescreatinginnovativedesignsforvariousclients,fromlocalcompaniestointernationalcorporations.Ispecializeinbrandinganddigitalmediadesign,alwaysstrugglingtoblendtraditionalChineseelementswithmoderndesignprinciples.Outsideofwork,I’mpassionateabouttravelingandhavevisitedtwelvecountriesacrossAsiaandEurope.Eachtripinspiresmydesignworkinuniqueways.IparticularlyenjoyphotographingstreetartandlocalarchitecturewhereverIgo.Mygoalistoeventuallycombinemylovefortravelwithmydesignwork,perhapsbyworkingwithinternationalclientsorstartingadesign-focusedtravelblog.IalsoenjoycookingtraditionalChinesedishesandteachingmyforeignfriendsaboutourculture.Recently,I’vestartedlearningSpanishbecauseIplantoexploreSouthAmericanextyear.Ibelievethatunderstandingdifferentcultureshelpsmebecomebothabetterdesignerandamoreopen-mindedperson.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACostaRicaFamilyJourneyBlanketedinbeautifulrainforest,linedbygoldensands,andfullofcurious-lookingcreatures,CostaRicaistheultimatefamilydestination.DAY1SanJoséTravelupintothemistycloudforestsofSanJosé,wherewe’llvisitafarm,followedbyapropertytour.LearnthesecretsofCostaRicancuisine,testyourcookingskillsatanafternoonclass,andthenattendacoffee-makingdemonstration.MealsIncluded:Breakfast,LunchDAY2MonteverdeVisittheMonteverdeInstitute,aresearchandeducationalorganizationsupportedbyNationalGeographic.Hearaboutreforestationprojectslaunchedbytheinstitute,thenrollupyoursleevesandlendahandinthetreenursery(苗圃).MealsIncluded:Breakfast,Lunch,DinnerDAY3RincóndelaViejaNationalParkTodaywetravelintoRincóndelaViejaNationalPark,afascinatinglandofsmokingvolcanoes,bubblingmudpots,andthermalhotsprings—allhiddeninthicktanglesofrainforest.Visitthermalhotspringsandmudbaths,whereplayinginthemudisencouraged.MealsIncluded:Breakfast,DinnerDAY4PaloVerdeNationalParkVisitalakeinthePaloVerdeNationalPark,whichisawildlife-lover’sparadise:crocodilesglidebeneaththewater’ssurface,monkeysswingthroughthesurroundingtreetops,andnumerouswingedwonderswadeandflyattheriver’sedge.MealsIncluded:Lunch,DinnerAgeRequirement:7+Thefamilyjourneyisdesignedforgroupstravelingwithchildrenbetweentheagesof7and17.Yourgroupmustincludeachildinordertobook,andanyoneundertheageof18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Oneadultmayaccompanyupto2children.Prices:Adult:$2,090peradultChild(7-12):$1,940perchildHowtoreserve:call1-800-281-235421.Onwhichdayshouldvisitorsarrangetheirownlunch?A.DAY1 B.DAY2 C.DAY3 D.DAY422.Whatactivitywillvisitorsengageinduringthejourney?A.CookaCostaRicancuisine. B.Attendareforestationconference.C.Takeahotspringbath. D.Exploreawildlife-lover’sparadise.23.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Abusinessnewspaper. D.Afashionjournal.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了哥斯達黎加家庭之旅?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段DAY3RincóndelaViejaNationalPark中的“MealsIncluded:Breakfast,Dinner”可知，第三天的行程僅提供早飯和晚飯，因此需要游客自行安排午餐。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段DAY4PaloVerdeNationalPark“VisitalakeinthePaloVerdeNationalPark,whichisawildlife-lover’sparadise:crocodilesglidebeneaththewater’ssurface,monkeysswingthroughthesurroundingtreetops,andnumerouswingedwonderswadeandflyattheriver’sedge.(參觀帕洛佛得角國家公園（PaloVerdeNationalPark）的湖泊，那里是野生動物愛好者的天堂：鱷魚在水面下滑行，猴子在周圍的樹梢上蕩來蕩去，許多有翅膀的奇跡在河邊涉水飛翔。)”可知，游客在旅程中可以探索PaloVerdeNationalPark，即野生動物愛好者的天堂。故選D。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Blanketedinbeautifulrainforest,linedbygoldensands,andfullofcurious-lookingcreatures,CostaRicaistheultimatefamilydestination.(哥斯達黎加被美麗的熱帶雨林覆蓋，被金色的沙灘環(huán)繞，到處都是奇形怪狀的生物，是家庭的終極目的地。)”可知，文章主要講述對哥斯達黎加家庭之旅的行程進行介紹，因此本文最有可能來源于旅游網(wǎng)站。故選B。BAtjust18yearsold,NimaRinjiSherpahascompletedataskthatfewcanevenimagine.Hehasbecometheyoungestperson,andoneofonlyabout50,toclimball14oftheworld’s“eight-thousanders”.Thesepeaks,locatedwithinAsia’sHimalayanandKarakoramranges,standover26,247feettall.Thisisabovetheso-called“deathzone”,wherethelowoxygenmakesitimpossibletosupporthumanlifeforlong.Nima’sjourneybeganinAugust2022whenheclimbedManaslu,theworld’seighth-tallestpeak.Theteenagerthenconqueredevenhigherpeaks,includingEverest,theworld’stallestmountain.InJune2024,hereachedhis13thpeak,Kanchenjunga.Nima’samazingadventureendedat6:05amlocaltimeonOctober9,2024,whenhereachedthetopoftheShishapangmamountaininTibet.Theteenager’sremarkableachievementisthelatestinhisfamily’simpressivehistoryofclimbingrecords.Nima’sfather,TashiLakpaSherpa,wasjust19whenhebecametheyoungesttoreachMountEverestwithoutextraoxygen.Hisuncle,MingmaGyabuSherpa,previouslyheldtherecordastheyoungestpersontoclimball14eight-thousandersatage30in2019.Mingmaandhisbrother,ChaagDawaSherpa,werealsothefirstbrotherstoclimballthesetoweringpeaks.Nepal’sSherpashavelongbeenguidesandportersforclimbersattemptingtoreachpeakslikeMountEverest.Theirimportantworkincludesfindingsaferoutes,carryingheavyloads,andprotectingclimbersindifficultconditions.Despitetakingmuchoftherisk,Sherpasreceivelittlerecognition.NimahopeshisachievementwillshowthatSherpasaremorethanjustguides.“Mountainclimbingismorethanwork;itshowsourstrengthanddetermination,”Nimasaid.“ThroughSherpaPower,IwanttoshowyoungSherpasthattheycanbemorethansupportclimbersandreachtheirfullpotentialastopathletes.Wearenotjustguides;weareleaders.LetthisinspireeverySherpatoseetheprideinourworkandtheendlesspossibilitiesinourfuture.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutNima'sclimbingability?A.Hefollowedtraditionalmethods. B.Helearnedfromfamilyguidance.C.Hetrainedwithexperiencedclimbers. D.Heshowedremarkableclimbingtalent.25.WhatmakesNima’sfamilyspecial?A.Theycreatedclimbinghistory. B.Theyteachclimbingtechniqueswell.C.Theydevelopnewclimbingmethods. D.Theymaintainclimbingtraditionswell.26.HowdoSherpashelpclimbers?A.Theymanageclimbingequipment. B.Theyensureclimbers'safety.C.Theycarryheavyloadsoccasionally. D.Theytrydifferentroutesregularly.27.WhatistheauthorintendedtotellyoungSherpas?A.Workharderforbetterresults. B.Stayhumblewhileclimbingpeaks.C.Pursuedreamsbeyondcurrentroles. D.Followexperiencedclimbingguides.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。18歲的Nima創(chuàng)造登頂所有八千米高峰最年輕紀錄，展示了夏爾巴人不僅是向?qū)?，更是登山運動員?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Atjust18yearsold,NimaRinjiSherpahascompletedataskthatfewcanevenimagine.Hehasbecometheyoungestperson,andoneofonlyabout50,toclimball14oftheworld’s“eight-thousanders”.(年僅18歲的尼瑪·林吉·夏爾巴人完成了一項幾乎無人能想象的任務。他成為了攀登世界上全部14座“八千人”的最年輕的人，也是僅有的50人之一)”可推知，其天賦異稟。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Nima’sfather,TashiLakpaSherpa,wasjust19whenhebecametheyoungesttoreachMountEverestwithoutextraoxygen.Hisuncle,MingmaGyabuSherpa,previouslyheldtherecordastheyoungestpersontoclimball14eight-thousandersatage30in2019.(尼瑪?shù)母赣H扎西·拉克巴·夏爾巴在19歲時成為了最年輕的無氧登頂珠峰的人。他的叔叔明馬·嘉布阿瑟巴此前在2019年以30歲的年齡保持著最年輕的記錄，成為攀登全部14座8000米高山的人)”可知，他的家人創(chuàng)造過登山記錄。故選A項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theirimportantworkincludesfindingsaferoutes,carryingheavyloads,andprotectingclimbersindifficultconditions.(他們的重要工作包括尋找安全的路線，搬運重物，在困難的條件下保護登山者)”可知，他們始終確保登山者的安全。故選B項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Mountainclimbingismorethanwork;itshowsourstrengthanddetermination,”Nimasaid.“ThroughSherpaPower,IwanttoshowyoungSherpasthattheycanbemorethansupportclimbersandreachtheirfullpotentialastopathletes.Wearenotjustguides;weareleaders.LetthisinspireeverySherpatoseetheprideinourworkandtheendlesspossibilitiesinourfuture.”(“登山不僅僅是工作；這顯示了我們的力量和決心?！蹦岈斦f道。“通過SherpaPower，我想向年輕的夏爾巴人展示，他們不僅可以支持登山者，還可以充分發(fā)揮他們作為頂級運動員的潛力。我們不僅僅是向?qū)?；我們是領導者。讓這激勵每一個夏爾巴人看到我們工作的驕傲和未來的無限可能?！?”可知，作者想告訴年輕夏爾巴人的就是：希望他們追求超前的夢想。故選C項。CThosewhogrewupinthe1960smayremembertheclassicHanna—Barberacartoon‘TheJetsons’,showinganear—futurewhereflyingcarsmoveacrosstheskies.Whilethismaysoundlikepurefantasy,expertsinAustriasaytheirnewvehiclewilltaketotheairwithinjustafewmonths—markinganewmilestoneinpassengertransport.CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.Thevehiclecanmoveinalldirectionsthankstoasystemofspinningpartsthatgoroundandroundliketheclassic‘VoithSchneider’engineonaship.Measuring16feetlongandwithamaximumtake—offweightof340kg,theaircraftcarriestwopeoplethroughtheairatupto74mph.Whilestillindevelopment,Blackbirdisexpectedtobecompletedbytheendofthismonth,withthefirstflightofafull—scalemodelplannedbytheendofMarchnextyear.Inthecomingyears,peoplecouldbookanUber-styletriponBlackbirdandbetransportedmuchfasterthanregularcarsontheground.Thecompanyhasreceived$21.8millioninfundingearlierthisyeartobringitclosertomarket.Asshowninthecompany'sdesigns,Blackbirdhassixsetsofelectricspinningpartsthatturninacircle—called‘cyclorotors’—whicharebasedonboatpowersystems.Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.Byslightlyadjustingthepositionofeachmovingpart,thedirectionofmovementcanbechanged,allowingeasychangefromfloatingtoforwardflight.FlyingtaxislikeBlackbirdcouldtravelthroughtheairalmostwithoutstopping—offeringrelieffromthefrequentstopsofground-basedtaxitrips.“WithourBlackbird,weareshowinghowthisnewtechnologywillopenupthemarketforflyingcars,”saidHans-GeorgKinsky,CEOofCycloTech.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBlackbird?A.Ithascomeintoservice. B.Itispoweredbyelectricity.C.Itcanmoveinbothdirections. D.Itrunsfasterthanelectriccars.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rotate”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Move. B.Stay. C.Dive. D.Land.30.WhatadvantagedoesBlackbirdhave?A.Itsavesmoremoney. B.Itfliesmoresafely.C.Itprovidesmorepleasure. D.Itworksmorequietly.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.Thefutureofflyingcars. B.Theoriginofflyingcars.C.Thepotentialofflyingcars. D.Thedevelopmentofflyingcars.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了奧地利公司CycloTech開發(fā)的飛行出租車Blackbird，展示了這款借鑒船只技術、能夠全方位移動的創(chuàng)新型飛行汽車，標志著未來交通發(fā)展的重要里程碑?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.(位于林茨的航空公司CycloTech展示了一款名為“黑鳥”（Blackbird）的飛行出租車，它采用了一種受現(xiàn)代船只啟發(fā)的全電動動力系統(tǒng)。)”可知，Blackbird依靠電力驅(qū)動。故選B?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(正如該公司的設計所示，黑鳥有六套電動旋轉(zhuǎn)部件，它們在一個圓圈內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn)—被稱為“旋翼”，這是基于船舶動力系統(tǒng)的。)”以劃線處下文“thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(這些旋轉(zhuǎn)的部件會產(chǎn)生一股向上的力量，足以將黑鳥直接提升到空中。)”可知，黑鳥的電動旋轉(zhuǎn)部件，可以產(chǎn)生一種向上的力量，將黑鳥提升到空中，由此可以推斷，當它轉(zhuǎn)動時，才會產(chǎn)生這種力量，因此推斷劃線單詞含義與“轉(zhuǎn)動”意義相近。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“FlyingtaxislikeBlackbirdcouldtravelthroughtheairalmostwithoutstopping—offeringrelieffromthefrequentstopsofground-basedtaxitrips.(像“黑鳥”這樣的飛行出租車幾乎可以不間斷地在空中飛行，從而緩解了地面出租車頻繁停車的問題。)”可知，飛鳥這樣的飛行出租車可以一直不間斷飛行，幫助緩解出租車頻繁停車的問題，因此可以減少乘客的換乘，提供一種舒適度和乘車的樂趣。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whilethismaysoundlikepurefantasy,expertsinAustriasaytheirnewvehiclewilltaketotheairwithinjustafewmonths—markinganewmilestoneinpassengertransport.(雖然這聽起來像是純粹的幻想，但奧地利的專家表示，他們的新交通工具將在幾個月內(nèi)升空，這標志著客運領域的一個新的里程碑。)”，第二段“CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.(位于林茨的航空公司CycloTech展示了一款名為“黑鳥”（Blackbird）的飛行出租車，它采用了一種受現(xiàn)代船只啟發(fā)的全電動動力系統(tǒng)。)”，第三段“Inthecomingyears,peoplecouldbookanUber-styletriponBlackbirdandbetransportedmuchfasterthanregularcarsontheground.(在未來的幾年里，人們可以在黑鳥上預訂一次優(yōu)步式的旅行，并且比地面上的普通汽車快得多。)”，第四段“Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(當它們旋轉(zhuǎn)時，這些旋轉(zhuǎn)的部件會產(chǎn)生一股向上的力量，足以將黑鳥直接提升到空中。)”以及最后一段““WithourBlackbird,weareshowinghowthisnewtechnologywillopenupthemarketforflyingcars,”saidHans-GeorgKinsky,CEOofCycloTech.(通過我們的黑鳥，我們展示了這項新技術將如何為飛行汽車打開市場。)”可知，本文主要介紹了奧地利公司CycloTech開發(fā)的飛行出租車Blackbird的動力原理，優(yōu)勢，以及發(fā)展前景等。因此本文主要講述飛行出租車的發(fā)展。故選D。DThedevastationofhurricanes,earthquakes,tsunamisortornadoesisoftenconveyedbyhowmanypeoplehavebeeninjuredorkilled.Andbasedonthis,weassess“howbadwasitreally?”Forexample,therecenthurricaneseasonintheAtlantichascostnearly300livesintheUSandtheCaribbean,withHelenekillingatleast228people.Thesedeathsareusuallyduetofloodingofhousesandresultantdrownings,injuriescausedbythedestructionofbuildingsorlossofemergencymedicalcare.Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.AnewpaperinNaturemagazinedevelopsamethodologytoestimatetheoveralleffectofindividualtropicalcyclones(iehurricanesandtropicalstorms)onallcausesofmortality(死亡率)acrossallpopulationswithintheUS.Theauthorsanalyzedhowmortalityrateswithinastatechangedfor20yearsafterthestatewashitbyanaturaldisaster,andtookmortalitydatafrom1950to2015toformalonger-termpicture.TheNaturepaperisofgreatimportancebecauseit'sthefirstsystematicattempttolookacrosshundredsofwhatwemightcall“naturaldisaster”eventsandattempttocapturethefullimpactintermsofdeathsoverdecades,saysMathildaShannon,whostudiesdisastermanagementatManchesterUniversity.WhilethestudyfocusedonhurricanesandsimilarstormsintheUS,thattypeofmethodologycouldbeusedtostudythelong-termhealthimpactsofotherdisasters,fromclimatefloodstoheatwaves,andcouldevenbebroadenedtounderstandtheindirecthealthimpactsofanykindofsocietalshock—whetheranaturaldisasterorconflict.32.WhyistherecenthurricaneseasonintheAtlanticmentioned?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toexplainatrend.C.Toexpressasocialopinion. D.Tohighlightthedamage.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Theconsequenceofdisastersistemporary.B.Individualtropicalcyclonescanbeestimated.C.Theanalysisofthemortalityratesismeaningless.D.Peoplewillexperiencevarioussufferingsafterdisasters.34.What'sMathildaShannon'sattitudetowardstheNaturepaper?A.Doubtful. B.Favourable. C.Opposed. D.Indifferent.35.Whatcanweknowaboutthemethodologyfromthelastparagraph?A.It'sinstant. B.It'svalueless. C.It'shelpful. D.It'sunscientific.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇文章，文章指出，災難襲擊的影響會持續(xù)到很多年之后?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.AnewpaperinNaturemagazinedevelopsamethodologytoestimatetheoveralleffectofindividualtropicalcyclones(hurricanesandtropicalstorms)onallcausesofmortality(死亡率)acrossallpopulationswithintheUS.(但新的研究挑戰(zhàn)我們，讓我們把這些災難看作是更廣泛的事件，在它們發(fā)生后的幾十年里會產(chǎn)生持續(xù)的影響——無論是來自壓力、經(jīng)濟困難、污染還是長期疾病?！蹲匀弧冯s志上的一篇新論文開發(fā)了一種方法來估計單個熱帶氣旋（即颶風和熱帶風暴）對美國所有人口中所有死亡原因的總體影響。)”可知，作者提及大西洋沿岸近期的颶風是為了引出本文的話題。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.(但新的研究挑戰(zhàn)我們，讓我們把這些災難看作是更廣泛的事件，在它們發(fā)生后的幾十年里會產(chǎn)生持續(xù)的影響——無論是來自壓力、經(jīng)濟困難、污染還是長期疾病。)”可知，災難過后，人們會經(jīng)歷各種痛苦。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TheNaturepaperisofgreatimportancebecauseit'sthefirstsystematicattempttolookacrosshundredsofwhatwemightcall“naturaldisaster”eventsandattempttocapturethefullimpactintermsofdeathsoverdecades,saysMathildaShannon,whostudiesdisastermanagementatManchesterUniversity.(曼徹斯特大學研究災害管理的瑪?shù)贍栠_·香農(nóng)（MathildaShannon）說，《自然》雜志的這篇論文非常重要，因為它是第一次系統(tǒng)地研究數(shù)百起我們可能稱之為“自然災害”的事件，并試圖捕捉幾十年來死亡人數(shù)的全面影響。)”可知，MathildaShannon認為《自然》雜志的論文非常重要，因此她對此論文持支持態(tài)度。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhilethestudyfocusedonhurricanesandsimilarstormsintheUS,thattypeofmethodologycouldbeusedtostudythelong-termhealthimpactsofotherdisasters,fromclimatefloodstoheatwaves,andcouldevenbebroadenedtounderstandtheindirecthealthimpactsofanykindofsocietalshock—whetheranaturaldisasterorconflict.(雖然這項研究的重點是美國的颶風和類似的風暴，但這種方法可以用來研究其他災害對健康的長期影響，從氣候洪水到熱浪，甚至可以擴大到了解任何一種社會沖擊對健康的間接影響——無論是自然災害還是沖突。)”可知，這種方法可以用來研究其他災害或任何其他社會災難對健康的影響，因此這種方法是有幫助的。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。4WaystoFeelMoreMotivatedWhenit'sColdOutsideColdweatherissuchagreattimetostayin,andgetcomfortable.Sometimesitcanfeelhardtostayeageranddotaskswhenallyouwanttodoisstaywarm.Pursuinggoalsalwaysfeelsgood,buttheallure(吸引力)ofwarmblanketsissuperattractive.____36____.Spendtimeoutsideinthesunlight.SunlightisessentialformorethanjustvitaminD.____37____.Feelinggoodcanhelpyougettheinspirationandmotivation(動力)youneed.Sotakeawalkorspendsometimeonyourporch.Thesunlightandfreshairarewaitingforyou.____38____.Focusingonthebeautyandmagicoftheseasoncanbeagreatwaytobringbackyourmotivation.Choosingtothinkaboutthepositiveaspectsoftheseasoncanbeofgreathelptoyou.Scheduletimeforwhatyoulove.Ifyouhavehobbiesoractivitiesthatyouusuallyenjoydoing,trytoscheduletimeandmakeitapriority.Whenyoufeelbored,youcansometimesmakeexcusesanddelaydoingthings,eventhingsthatyoureallylovedoing.____39____.Thatway,yougettodotheactivityyouloveandyoualsogettoenjoythegoodfeelingsyougetfromdoingwhatyoulove.Thatwillreallyimproveyourmood.Wakeupearly.Thedaysareshortinthewinter!____40____!Risingwiththesuncanbebeneficialduringthecoldermonths,andthatitcanhelpyoustayeagerduringthosemonths.Thatwayyougettohavethesunlightforasmuchtimeaspossible.A.EnjoythewinterbeautyB.VitaminisessentialforthehumanbodyC.AstudyshowsthatsunlighthelpstofeelgoodD.ThecoldmonthsmightbedarkwhereyouliveE.Soscheduletheseactivitiesandmakethempartofyourto-dolistF.SoyoumightaswellwakeupearlyandenjoythemasmuchaspossibleG.Herearefourstrategiestohelpyoustaymotivated,evenduringthewinter【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.E40.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。介紹了在冬天也能幫助你保持動力的四種方法?！?6題詳解】設空位于首段段尾，應是承接上文，并引出本文主題，根據(jù)前文“Coldweatherissuchagreattimetostayin,andgetcomfortable.Sometimesitcanfeelhardt