浙江省麗水市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試 英語 含解析

麗水市2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)控高二英語試題卷本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）。第Ⅰ卷1至8頁，第Ⅱ卷9至10頁。第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名，準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhichsightdidRobertseeattheendofthetrip?A.Atheater. B.Thecityhall. C.Amuseum.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Robert,IheardyouwenttoMelbourne.Didyouseeanyinterestingsights?M:Sure.Wevisitedatheaterfirst,whichwasbeautifullydesigned.Itwasnotnearlyascoolasthecityhall,though.Onmylastday,Ivisitedamuseum,butIwasn’tveryinterested.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy. B.Snowy. C.Cloudy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Weneedtokeepwatchingtheweather.Ifthiscontinues,therecouldbeflooding.W:Thenewssaidtherainwouldturntosnowintheevening.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhydidJulialeavethepartyearlylastnight?A.Sheneededtoattendameeting. B.Shehadtogetupearlytoday. C.Shedidn’tfeelwell.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:HiJulia,I’mgladI’veseenyou.Iloveyourgift.Iwantedtosaythanksatthepartylastnight,butIdidn’tseeyouthere.W:You’rewelcome!IleftthepartyearlybecauseIhadaheadache.Ihadanearlymorningmeetingyesterday.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.Oneo’clock. B.Twoo’clock. C.Threeo’clock.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ihavetogooutnow,Paul.Thedishwasherwillstoprunninginanhour.Couldyoutaketheplatesoutafterthat?M:Atthreeo’clock?W:Yeah.I’vesetthealarm.Listenoutforit.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthenewrestaurantlike?A.Ithasfairprice. B.Itisfarfromdowntown. C.Ithasfewvegetarian.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouheardaboutthenewrestaurantthatopenedupdowntown?W:No,Ihaven’t.What’sitlike?M:Itoffersmanyvegetarian(素食的)choices,andthepriceofthefoodthereisreasonable.Youshouldgoandhaveatrysomeday!第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Thefactorthatinfluencesthecolorsofbuildings.B.Thehistoryofthechangingcolorsofbuildings.C.Themeaningsofdifferentcolorsofbuildings.7.Whatcolorarethemostbuildingsinthewoman’shometown?A.Red. B.White. C.Yellow.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyounoticedhowthecolorsofthebuildingschange,dependingonwhichareaofEnglandwearein?W:Yes,Ihavenoticedthat.Isitrelatedtothewealthofthearea?M:Notentirely.It’smuchsimplerthanthat.W:Isitbecauseofdifferentclimatepatterns?M:Actually,it’smainlydowntothelocalmaterials.Historically,redwallsareinnorthwestEnglandandpaleyellowwallsareinthesouthwest.Theyareallsourcedfromthelocalarea.W:Thatmakessense.Iguessthat’swhythebuildingsinmyhometownaremainlywhite.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheview?A.It’slovely. B.It’sunusual. C.It’sdisappointing.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Focusmoreontheadvantagesoftheplace.B.Rentahouseratherthananapartment.C.Trytofindacheaperplace.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouthinkaboutthisplace?M:Mixedfeelings,really.Inmanywaysit’sjustwhatweneed,butsomethingsputmeoff.W:Suchas?M:Well,forastart,Iwouldhavepreferredahouse,ratherthananapartmentlikethis.W:Butitisbig,isn’tit?Also,thereareshopsnearbyandit’snotfarfromyourwork.M:That’strue.Buttheviewcouldbebetter.Allyoucanseeisthebackofanotherbuilding.W:Personally,Iwouldbepreparedtoputupwiththat.There’salovelykitchen,nicebedroomsandtherentisn’tsohigh.Whydon’twegiveitatry?M:Maybeyou’reright.Isupposeithasmoregoodpointsthanbadones.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacakeshop. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inanoffice.11.What’sthereasonthatSandracan’tgowithTom?A.Shedoesn’twanttomeetMary. B.Shehasanotherappointment. C.Sheneedstowaitforacall.12.WhatdoesTompromisetodoforSandra?A.Buyheragift. B.Bringhersomefood. C.Helpwithherwork.【答案】10.C11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:It’sMary’slastdayatworktoday.We’reallgoingtotherestaurantnextdooratlunchtimetosaygoodbyetoher.Areyoucoming,Sandra?W:SorryTom,Ican’t.IpromisedaclientonthephoneyesterdaythatIwouldbeherewhenhedropsbyatoneo’clocktoday.M:Can’tyoutalktohimlater—ortomorrow,even?W:No,ithastobetoday.M:Oh,that’sashame.Marywouldloveyoutobethere.W:Ifeelsorry,too.Iwishedhergoodluckinhernewjob,andIboughtherapresent.M:We’vearrangedtohaveabigcakeattherestaurantafterlunch.Canyoucomeandhaveapiece?W:Sorry,Ican’t.Butyoucouldbringmeapieceback,ifyoudon’tmind.M:Yes,ofcourseIwill.Don’tworktoohardwhilewe’reaway.W:I’lltrynotto.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.TVhostandguest. B.Writerandreader. C.Directorandactor.14.WhichbookisTasmin’slatestshowadaptedfrom?A.HouseofMidnight. B.ForSomeone. C.SeetheMoon.15.HowlonghasTasminworkedonherlatestproject?A.Foroneyear. B.Fortwoyears. C.Forsixyears.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Readthebook. B.Watchsomescenesoftheshow. C.PayavisittoTasmin’scompany.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Ladiesandgentlemen,mynextguestisastarofstageandscreen,TasminBlake!W:Hi,John.Thanksforhavingme.M:You’vebeenverybusysincethelasttimeyouwereontheshow.W:Whenwasthat?Ayearago?M:Almosttwo.Tasmin,tellussomethingaboutthelatestprojectyouareworkingon.W:OK.I’mdirectingandstarringinmyownTVshow,andithasbeenindevelopmentforalongtime.M:Sotellusmoreaboutthat.W:Well,it’sbasedonabookbySarahMarshcalledHouseofMidnight.Myproductioncompanyboughttherightssixyearsago.M:That’salongtime.W:Iknow,andsincethenwe’vebeenslowlywritingtheplayandlookingforachannelforit.M:Andit’sgoingtobeshownonChannelOne?W:Yes!I’mveryexcitedtoworkwiththem.TheyarethehomeofgreatoriginalshowslikeForSomeoneandSeetheMoon.M:Well,wehavegotsomeshortvideosofyournewshow.Canweshowthemtoouraudience?W:Ofcourse.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whendidthespeakermakehisfirstanimatedfilm?A.Inmiddleschool. B.Inhighschool. C.Atcollege.18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthemovieNeZha?A.Itcreatedanewanimationstyle.B.ItwasmadebyTencentandBilibili.C.Itsetanewrecordforinternationalsuccess.19.Whatgavethespeakertheconfidencetostudyanimation?A.Workingatananimationstudio.B.WatchingthebeautifulscenesofNeZha.C.Seeingtheindustrybeingtakenseriously.20.What’sChina’sanimationindustry’sbiggestchallengeaccordingtothespeaker?A.Characterdesign. B.Storytelling. C.Animationquality.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】I’velovedcartoonssinceIwasachild,andactuallyanimatedmyownshortfilminmiddleschool.However,Ionlyreallystartedthinkingaboutacareerinanimationduringmyfirstyearofhighschool,whenthemovieNeZhacameout.CreatedbyColoroom,itrepresentedahugejumpinboththequalityandtheworldwidesuccessofChineseanimation.Atthetimeofitsrelease,itwasthemostsuccessfulnon-Englishlanguagefilmofalltime!Afterthat,thebigstudiossuchasTencentandBilibilibegantakingtheanimationindustrymuchmoreseriouslyandfundingbiggerprojects.Thiswaswhatgavemetheconfidencetomajorinanimationatcollege.Inrecentyears,theindustryhasovercomemanyoftheissuesholdingitback.Foryears,themainproblemwasanimationquality,butthishasimprovedgreatlythankstoadvancementsin3Dmodelingtechnology.We’vealsodevelopedmoreofauniquehomegrownanimationstyle,ratherthansimplyfollowingAmericanorJapanesecharacterdesign.ThemainchallengenowwillbefindingbettermethodsbywhichwecouldtellChinesestoriestobroaderaudiencesintheglobalmarket.ButIknowwecandoit.ThefutureofChineseanimationisbright!第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheNobelPrizeinPhysicsfor2024hasbeengiventoJohnJ.HopfieldandGeoffreyE.Hinton!Theyhelpedmakecomputerslearnbetter.JohnJ.HopfieldwasborninChicago,USA,in1933.GeoffreyE.HintonwasborninLondon,UK,in1947.Theyhavebeenfriendsandworkedtogetheronneuralnetworks(神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò))sincethe1980s.Neuralnetworksarelikebrainsforcomputers.Theyhelpcomputerslearnanddothingslikerecognizingpictures.Hopfieldmadeaspecialkindofmemoryforcomputers.It’slikeaphotoalbumwherecomputerscanstoreandlookatpicturesandotherthings.Hintonfoundawayforcomputerstolearnfromdata.Theirworkhasmademachinelearning,whichiswhencomputerslearntodothingswithoutbeingtold,muchbetterandfaster.Becauseoftheirwork,wehavebettermachinesthatcandomorethingsforus.Theycanhelpuswithschool,work,andevenplayinggames!TheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024goestothreeamazingscientists:DavidBaker,DemisHassabis,andJohnM.Jumper!Theywonfortheirworkonmakingandunderstandingproteins.DavidBakerisfromtheUniversityofWashingtonintheUSA.Heislikeacookwhomakesnewandtastydishesbutwithproteinsinsteadoffood!DemisHassabisworksatDeepMind,asmartcompanyinLondon,UK.Heislikeadetectivewhofindsouthowthingswork.JohnM.JumperisalsofromtheUSA.Heislikeanartistwhomakesbeautifulandusefulthingswithproteins.Proteinsareveryimportantforlife.Theyarelikethebuildingblocksofourbodies.Thethreescientistshavehelpedusunderstandhowtomakenewproteinsandwhattheydo.Theirworkhashelpedusmakebettermedicines,foods,andevennewmaterials.21.WhywasJohnJ.HopfieldawardedtheNobelPrize?A.Hehelpedtodevelopnewcomputergames.B.Hemanagedtoinventanewkindofcomputer.C.Heimprovedcomputers’learningabilitieswithhisfriend.D.Hediscoveredawaytocommunicatewithcomputersdirectly.22.WhatdoweknowaboutthethreescientistswinningtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024?A.Theyhelppeopleunderstandproteinsbetter.B.Theyareexpertsinmakingdisheswithproteins.C.Theyproducemedicinesthatarenewtopeople.D.TheyteachchemistryintheUniversityofWashington.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Atraveljournal. C.Asciencemagazine. D.Anauto-biography.【答案】21.C22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了2024年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者及其主要貢獻(xiàn)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheNobelPrizeinPhysicsfor2024hasbeengiventoJohnJ.HopfieldandGeoffreyE.Hinton!Theyhelpedmakecomputerslearnbetter.(2024年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了JohnJ.Hopfield和GeoffreyE.Hinton!他們幫助計(jì)算機(jī)更好地學(xué)習(xí))”和第三段“Hopfieldmadeaspecialkindofmemoryforcomputers.It’slikeaphotoalbumwherecomputerscanstoreandlookatpicturesandotherthings.Hintonfoundawayforcomputerstolearnfromdata.Theirworkhasmademachinelearning,whichiswhencomputerslearntodothingswithoutbeingtold,muchbetterandfaster.(Hopfield為計(jì)算機(jī)制作了一種特殊的存儲器。它就像一個(gè)相冊，計(jì)算機(jī)可以在其中存儲和查看圖片和其他東西。Hinton找到了一種讓計(jì)算機(jī)從數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習(xí)的方法。他們的工作使機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)，即計(jì)算機(jī)在不被告知的情況下學(xué)會做事情，變得更好更快)”可知，JohnJ.Hopfield和他的朋友GeoffreyE.Hinton一起改進(jìn)了計(jì)算機(jī)的學(xué)習(xí)能力，因此被授予諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“TheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024goestothreeamazingscientists:DavidBaker,DemisHassabis,andJohnM.Jumper!(2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)將頒給三位杰出的科學(xué)家：DavidBaker、DemisHassabis和JohnM.Jumper)”、倒數(shù)第二段“DavidBakerisfromtheUniversityofWashingtonintheUSA.Heislikeacookwhomakesnewandtastydishesbutwithproteinsinsteadoffood!DemisHassabisworksatDeepMind,asmartcompanyinLondon,UK.Heislikeadetectivewhofindsouthowthingswork.JohnM.JumperisalsofromtheUSA.Heislikeanartistwhomakesbeautifulandusefulthingswithproteins.(DavidBaker來自美國華盛頓大學(xué)。他就像一個(gè)廚師，用蛋白質(zhì)而不是食物做出新穎美味的菜肴!DemisHassabis在英國倫敦的一家智能公司DeepMind工作。他就像一個(gè)偵探，能找出事物的運(yùn)作原理。JohnM.Jumper也來自美國。他就像一個(gè)藝術(shù)家，用蛋白質(zhì)創(chuàng)造出美麗而有用的東西)”和最后一段“Proteinsareveryimportantforlife.Theyarelikethebuildingblocksofourbodies.Thethreescientistshavehelpedusunderstandhowtomakenewproteinsandwhattheydo.Theirworkhashelpedusmakebettermedicines,foods,andevennewmaterials.(蛋白質(zhì)對生命非常重要。它們就像我們身體的基石。這三位科學(xué)家?guī)椭覀兝斫饬巳绾沃圃煨碌牡鞍踪|(zhì)以及它們的作用。他們的工作幫助我們制造更好的藥物、食物，甚至新材料)”可知，2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的三位獲得者在蛋白質(zhì)的研究和理解方面做出了貢獻(xiàn)，幫助人們更好地了解蛋白質(zhì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“TheNobelPrizeinPhysicsfor2024hasbeengiventoJohnJ.HopfieldandGeoffreyE.Hinton!(2024年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了JohnJ.Hopfield和GeoffreyE.Hinton!)”和第五段“TheNobelPrizeinChemistry2024goestothreeamazingscientists:DavidBaker,DemisHassabis,andJohnM.Jumper!(2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C給了三位杰出的科學(xué)家：DavidBaker、DemisHassabis和JohnM.Jumper!)”可知，本文主要介紹了2024年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)和化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的獲得者及其主要貢獻(xiàn)，因此文章很可能選自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。BAyoungwomanhasannouncedthenewsofherowndeathafterabattlewithcancer,whilesharingherwishesforhergrievinglovedones.DaniellaThackray,a25-year-oldfromLeeds,tooktosocialmediatoshareherheart-breakingfinalwords,afteraneight-monthbattlewiththeraredisease,cholangiocarcinoma,atypeofcancerthatformsinthebileducts.Theemotionalmessagepaidtribute(致敬)toherfamily,fiancéTom,anddogLeo,assheencouragedherlovedonesto“enjoythelittlethings”inlifeand“cherisheverymoment”aftershehad“gone”.Shewrote:“Ifyou’rereadingthis,thenitmeansIhavediedfrommybattlewithcancerandmyfamilyarepostingmyfinalmessageonmybehalf.”“Firstly,Ijustwanttosaythatnotallcancersarecausedbylifestylechoices,insomecasesit’sgeneticsorunfortunatelyitjusthappens.Inmycase,despitemebeingveryhealthyandactive,acancerstartedinmybileductswhichwasnotcausedbyanythinginmycontrolandmylifewasneverthesameagain.”Despiteherdevastating(毀滅性的)diagnosis,shechose“nottomournlife”andmadethemostofhertime.“Sowiththatbeingsaid,althoughwecan’tcontrolwhathappenstous,wecancontrolhowwereact.IchosenottomournthelifeIwaslosingdespitebeingsodevastated,buttoenjoyeverymomentIhadleft.”Daniellaadded.Hermessagehasalreadygainedmorethan30,000likes,whilehundredsofpeoplerushedtoleavetheircondolences(吊唁)toherlovedones.Onepersonwrote,“SuchcourageouswordsfromsomeonethatI’venevermet.Whatawonderfulmessagetoleaveuswith,mayyourestinparadise.”24.WhydidDaniellashareherfinalwordsonsocialmedia?A.Toencourageherlovedonestoenjoylife. B.Tohighlighttheseriousnessofherdisease.C.Todescribeherbattleagainstthedeadlycancer. D.Toattractpeople’sattentiontohersufferings.25.WhatcanbeinferredfromDaniella’swordsinparagraph4?A.Shehopedtopromoteresearchintogeneticallyrelatedcancers.BShebelievedlifestylewasthemainfactorinmostcancercases.C.Shewasangryatthemedicalcommunityfornotfindingtheexactcause.D.Shewantedtorelievethepossibleguiltofthosewithsimilarconditions.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaniella’spersonality?A.Weakandsensitive. B.Caringandoptimistic.C.Meanandself-centered. D.Ambitiousandhardworking.27.Whatcanwelearnfrompeople’sresponsestoDaniella’smessageonline?A.Manypeopleknewheralot. B.Socialmediaisverypowerful.C.Herstorytouchedalotofpeople. D.Everyoneagreedwithherviewsoncancercauses.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位年輕的癌癥患者Daniella在去世之前通過社交媒體發(fā)布關(guān)于她生命最后時(shí)刻的感悟和對家人朋友的勸勉的信息，內(nèi)容感人至深，激發(fā)了網(wǎng)友的共鳴和悼念。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“assheencouragedherlovedonesto“enjoythelittlethings”inlifeand“cherisheverymoment”aftershehad“gone”.(因?yàn)樗膭?lì)她的親人珍惜生活中的小事，珍惜每一刻，即使她“不在了”)可知，Daniella的目的是通過她的最后話語來鼓勵(lì)她的親人享受生活，故選A。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Firstly,Ijustwanttosaythatnotallcancersarecausedbylifestylechoices,insomecasesit’sgeneticsorunfortunatelyitjusthappens.(首先，我想說的是，并不是所有的癌癥都是由生活方式的選擇引起的，在某些情況下，這是遺傳的，或者不幸的是，它只是發(fā)生了)”可知，Daniella想讓大家明白有些癌癥是無法控制的，以減輕那些與她有類似病情者的內(nèi)疚感，故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ayoungwomanhasannouncedthenewsofherowndeathafterabattlewithcancer,whilesharingherwishesforhergrievinglovedones.(一名年輕女子在與癌癥作斗爭后宣布了自己的死訊，同時(shí)分享了她對悲傷的親人的祝福)”以及第五段中“althoughwecan’tcontrolwhathappenstous,wecancontrolhowwereact.IchosenottomournthelifeIwaslosingdespitebeingsodevastated,buttoenjoyeverymomentIhadleft(雖然我們無法控制發(fā)生在我們身上的事情，但我們可以選擇如何應(yīng)對。我選擇去享受生命中剩下的每一刻，而不是哀悼自己正在失去的生活)”可見，她是一個(gè)充滿關(guān)懷、積極樂觀的人，故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hermessagehasalreadygainedmorethan30,000likes,whilehundredsofpeoplerushedtoleavetheircondolences(吊唁)toherlovedones(她的消息已經(jīng)收到了超過3萬的點(diǎn)贊，同時(shí)有成百上千的人趕來對她的家人表示悼念)”可知，Daniella的故事打動了許多人，故選C。CYouwon’tfindtigersjumpingthroughfieryhoopsinthewildorbearsridingbicycles.Wildelephantsdon’twalkaroundontwolegsandwildsealionsdon’tbalanceballsontheirnosesforfun.Thesearethekindsofanimalactsyoumayhaveseenatthecircus.However,thewildanimalsincircusesareextremelystressedbycircusconditions.Theloudnoiseofthemusic,thecheersofthecrowdandthedizzyinglightsalldisorientate(失去方向)andcausestresstowildanimals.Overlongperiods,thiscanresultinabnormalbehaviorsandhealthproblemsrelatedtoanxiety.Whileitispossiblethatdomesticateddogscouldenjoythestimulationofcertaintypesofcircustrainingandperformance,forwildspeciessuchastigers,bearsandmonkeys,performingonstagecangetthemdeeplyhurt.Themovementsandposesarecompletelyunnaturalandcancausephysicalinjuryandstress.Whencircusanimalsdon’tperformthetrickright,theyareoftenbeatenaspunishment.Thelivingconditionsatcircusesconsistentlyfailtomeettheanimals’mostbasicneeds.Whentheshowstops,theanimalstypicallyreturntoisolationinsmall,barrencageswhichgivethemnoopportunitytocarryoutbehaviorsnaturaltotheirspecies,ortointeractwiththeirownkind.Whilenotperforming,theanimalshavenothingtodobutstareatthewalls.Manyarelimitedtolivingindarkplaceswithnodaylight,nosunlight,andnoexposuretotheoutsideforstimulation.Theylivemind-numbing,boring,completelyunnaturallives.Travelingcircusanimalscanspendupto11monthsoftheyearontheroad.Theyarelimitedinsideverysmallstallsorcages,travelingforthousandsofhours,oververylongdistances.It’sdisturbing,unnatural,frighteningandstressfulforthem.Nearlyallcircusanimalsarechainedupandimmobilizedwhiletraveling.Travelingposesmanyphysicalriskstothem,includingaccidents,injuries,heartstrokeandoverheating,unusualcoldandfreezingtemperaturesthatcanmakethemsick,loudnoiseandgeneraldiscomfort.28.Whyareanimalsincircusesunhealthybothmentallyandphysically?A.Becauseoftheirabnormalbehavior. B.Becauseoftheirperformancesonstage.C.Becauseoftheirpunishmentfromtrainers. D.Becauseoftheirunnaturallivingconditions.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theanimals’basicneedswhenashowstops.B.Theanimals’livingstatewhentheydonotperform.C.Theanimals’mentalstatewhentheyaretravelling.D.Theanimals’dailyinteractionswhentheyarecaged.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“immobilized”inparagraph4mean?A.Fixedinaplace. B.Deliveredtoaplace. C.Trainedbysomeone. D.Followedbysomeone.31.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthoseanimalsincircuses?A.Indifferent. B.Annoyed. C.Sympathetic. D.Opposed.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了馬戲團(tuán)動物在表演和生活中的不健康狀態(tài)，以及它們所面臨的種種問題。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“However,thewildanimalsincircusesareextremelystressedbycircusconditions.Theloudnoiseofthemusic,thecheersofthecrowdandthedizzyinglightsalldisorientate(失去方向)andcausestresstowildanimals.Overlongperiods,thiscanresultinabnormalbehaviorsandhealthproblemsrelatedtoanxiety.Whileitispossiblethatdomesticateddogscouldenjoythestimulationofcertaintypesofcircustrainingandperformance,forwildspeciessuchastigers,bearsandmonkeys,performingonstagecangetthemdeeplyhurt.Themovementsandposesarecompletelyunnaturalandcancausephysicalinjuryandstress.Whencircusanimalsdon’tperformthetrickright,theyareoftenbeatenaspunishment.(然而，馬戲團(tuán)里的野生動物因?yàn)轳R戲團(tuán)的條件而極度緊張。音樂的巨大噪音、人群的歡呼聲和令人眩暈的燈光都會讓野生動物迷失方向并產(chǎn)生壓力。長此以往，這會導(dǎo)致異常行為和與焦慮相關(guān)的健康問題。雖然家犬可能會喜歡某些類型的馬戲團(tuán)訓(xùn)練和表演的刺激，但對于老虎、熊和猴子等野生物種來說，在舞臺上表演可能會讓它們受到嚴(yán)重傷害。這些動作和姿勢完全不自然，可能導(dǎo)致身體受傷和壓力。當(dāng)馬戲團(tuán)動物表演不當(dāng)時(shí)，它們經(jīng)常會受到毆打作為懲罰)”和第三段中“Thelivingconditionsatcircusesconsistentlyfailtomeettheanimals’mostbasicneeds.(馬戲團(tuán)的居住條件一直不能滿足動物最基本的需求)”可知，馬戲團(tuán)的動物因?yàn)椴蛔匀坏纳顥l件，包括表演時(shí)的壓力和不當(dāng)對待，以及非自然的居住環(huán)境，導(dǎo)致它們在心理和身體上都不健康。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thelivingconditionsatcircusesconsistentlyfailtomeettheanimals’mostbasicneeds.Whentheshowstops,theanimalstypicallyreturntoisolationinsmall,barrencageswhichgivethemnoopportunitytocarryoutbehaviorsnaturaltotheirspecies,ortointeractwiththeirownkind.Whilenotperforming,theanimalshavenothingtodobutstareatthewalls.Manyarelimitedtolivingindarkplaceswithnodaylight,nosunlight,andnoexposuretotheoutsideforstimulation.Theylivemind-numbing,boring,completelyunnaturallives.(馬戲團(tuán)的居住條件一直不能滿足動物最基本的需求。當(dāng)表演結(jié)束時(shí)，動物們通常會被隔離在狹小、貧瘠的籠子里，這使它們沒有機(jī)會表現(xiàn)出自己物種的自然行為，也無法與同類互動。在不表演的時(shí)候，動物們無所事事，只能盯著墻壁看。許多動物只能生活在沒有日光、沒有陽光、沒有外界刺激的黑暗地方。它們過著令人麻木、無聊、完全不自然的生活)”可知，本段主要講述了動物在不表演時(shí)的生活狀態(tài)，即它們被囚禁在狹小的籠子里，無法展現(xiàn)自然行為，生活極度無聊且不自然。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Nearlyallcircusanimalsarechainedupandimmobilizedwhiletraveling.(幾乎所有的馬戲團(tuán)動物在旅行時(shí)都被鎖鏈鎖住并immobilized)”中“arechainedup”可知，馬戲團(tuán)在出行時(shí)動物都是被鎖鏈鎖住的，由此可知，它們“被固定在一個(gè)地方”，故劃線詞immobilized與Fixedinaplace同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第二段“However,thewildanimalsincircusesareextremelystressedbycircusconditions.(然而，馬戲團(tuán)里的野生動物因?yàn)轳R戲團(tuán)的條件而極度緊張)”和第三段“Thelivingconditionsatcircusesconsistentlyfailtomeettheanimals’mostbasicneeds.(馬戲團(tuán)的居住條件一直不能滿足動物最基本的需求)”可知，作者詳細(xì)描述了馬戲團(tuán)動物所遭受的不公和痛苦，包括表演時(shí)的壓力、不當(dāng)?shù)膶Υ约胺亲匀坏木幼…h(huán)境。由此可推知，作者對馬戲團(tuán)中的動物持同情態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。DEatmorewhenyouarestressed?You’renotalone.Morethanathirdoftheparticipantsinasurveysaidtheychangetheirdietsduringstressfultimes.Manyofusarequicktoturntoeithersugaryfoodsorhighlyrefinedcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)whenthestresshits.“Therecanbeabitofaviciouscycle,”saysDavidLudwig,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity.“Whenwefeelstressed,weseekfoodsthataregoingtocomfortusimmediately,butoftenthosefoodsleadtosurgesandcrashesinhormonesandbloodsugarthatincreaseournewstresses”.So,ifeatinglotsofrefinedcarbohydratesandsugarmayworsenourresponsestostress,arethereothertypesoffoodthatmakeusmoreresilient?ResearcherJoeHibbelnbelievestheanswerisyes.Hehasspentthepasttwodecadesresearchinglinksbetweentheomega-3fattyacidsfoundinfishandemotionalhealth.Healsopointstoclinicaltrialsthathavefoundthatomega-3fattyacidsmayhelpcontroldepressivesymptoms.AndastudyofschoolchildreninEnglandlinkedomega-3fattyacidstomorepro-socialbehavior.DrewRamsey,apsychiatristatColumbiaUniversity,saysanutrient-richdietisbestforbeatingstress.Hepointstohisfavoritebreakfast:scrambledeggs(炒雞蛋)mixedwiththegreensandtoppedwithpumpkinseeds.Withthismeal,youarecoveringallyourbases,Ramseysays.TheeggsareagoodsourceofBvitaminsandprotein,whichcanbemoresatisfactorythanacarbohydrates-basedbreakfast.Thegreensareincrediblynutrient-dense,andareagoodsourceofvitaminA,vitaminKandpotassium.Andthepumpkinseedsareagoodsourceofmagnesium,whichisthoughttoplayaroleinfightingoffanxiety—andzinc,whichmayhelpboosttheimmunesystem.Thebottomline?Thefoodswechoosecan’tmagicawaystress.ButRamseysayshebelieves“Thereisavery,verystrongconnectionbetweenfoodandmood”.32.WhatdoesDavidLudwigsayaboutthefoodsweseekwhenstressed?A.Theyarefullofnutrients. B.Theyhelpgetridofstress.C.Theyhavelong-termbenefits. D.Theyprovideinstantcomfort.33.WhatdoesJoeHibbeln’sresearchfocuson?A.Whatdepressivebehaviorsschoolchildrenhave.B.Whylotsofrefinedfoodsreleasepeople’sanxiety.C.Whetheromega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtoemotionalhealth.D.Howomega-3fattyacidsworsenpeople’sresponsestostress.34.WhydoesRamseyintroducehisfavouritebreakfast?A.Toattachimportancetoallkindsofvitamins. B.Toillustratehiswaysofbeatinghunger.C.Toshowtheemotionalsupportfromadiet. D.Togiveexamplesofmakingdeliciousbreakfast.35.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreFood,MoreComfort. B.BetterDiet,BetterMood.C.RegularEating,ReducedStress. D.Authenticrecipe,ExcellentFitness.【答案】32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物和情緒之間的關(guān)系，指出富含營養(yǎng)的食物有助于緩解壓力，而某些食物中的營養(yǎng)成分，如omega-3脂肪酸，對情緒健康有積極影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中DavidLudwig的話“Whenwefeelstressed,weseekfoodsthataregoingtocomfortusimmediately,butoftenthosefoodsleadtosurgesandcrashesinhormonesandbloodsugarthatincreaseournewstresses(當(dāng)我們感到壓力時(shí)，我們會尋找能立即讓我們感到安慰的食物，但通常這些食物會導(dǎo)致激素和血糖的激增和崩潰，從而增加我們的新壓力)”可知，DavidLudwig認(rèn)為，我們在壓力之下所尋求的食物能給我們提供即時(shí)的安慰。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hehasspentthepasttwodecadesresearchinglinksbetweentheomega-3fattyacidsfoundinfishandemotionalhealth.(在過去的二十年里，他一直在研究魚類中的omega-3脂肪酸與情緒健康之間的聯(lián)系)”可知，JoeHibbeln的研究重點(diǎn)是魚類中的omega-3脂肪酸是否與情緒健康之間有聯(lián)系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“DrewRamsey,apsychiatristatColumbiaUniversity,saysanutrient-richdietisbestforbeatingstress.Hepointstohisfavoritebreakfast:scrambledeggsmixedwiththegreensandtoppedwithpumpkinseeds.(哥倫比亞大學(xué)的精神病學(xué)家DrewRamsey說，營養(yǎng)豐富的飲食是緩解壓力的最佳方法。他指出了自己最喜歡的早餐：炒雞蛋配上綠葉蔬菜，再撒上南瓜籽)”以及后文對這份早餐營養(yǎng)成分的分析可知，Ramsey介紹自己最喜歡的早餐是為了說明飲食中的營養(yǎng)成分對情緒有支持作用，即飲食可以提供情感支持。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Eatmorewhenyouarestressed?You’renotalone.Morethanathirdoftheparticipantsinasurveysaidtheychangetheirdietsduringstressfultimes.(壓力大的時(shí)候吃得更多？你并不孤單。在一項(xiàng)調(diào)查中，超過三分之一的參與者表示，他們在壓力大的時(shí)候會改變飲食習(xí)慣)”和最后一段中“ButRamseysayshebelieves‘Thereisavery,verystrongconnectionbetweenfoodandmood.’(但Ramsey表示，他相信“食物和情緒之間有非常、非