2022年遼寧省葫蘆島市協(xié)作校高二下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題

2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省葫蘆島市協(xié)作校高二下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourInterestingActivitiesAPowerStationR&.BbandTowerofPowercomestoMeadowEventParkaspartoftheAfterHoursconcertseriesthisweek.TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirownsuchasWhatIsHip?andYou’reStillaYoungMan.ThebandperformsonAugust17.Ticketsare$21to$59.WhistleStopTheworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.Theirstyleandathleticismhaveamazedfansforover95years.Achancetoseethisteamissomethingyouwon’twanttomiss.UndeadorAliveFirehouseTheatrepresentsTheZombieLifeonAugust16-20.Theproductionlookslikeaself-helpseminar(研討會),whereanexpertoffersasolutiontolife’stroublesbyturningpeopleintozombies.TheplayisanoriginalworkwrittenbyChrisGavaler,anassociateprofessorofEnglishfromWashington&.LeeUniversity.Theshowrunsforeightperformances,andticketsare$33.BackatTheByrdTheByrdTheatrescreensthe1952comedySingin’intheRainonThursday,August19.ThefilmstarsGeneKelly,DonaldO’Connor,andDebbieReynolds,withrealsinginganddancing.OnAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.Youarewelcome!1.Whichofthefollowingappealstomusicloversmost?A.APowerStation. B.WhistleStop. C.UndeadorAlive. D.BackatTheByrd.2.Wherearepeopleabletowatchasportsshow?A.AtMeadowEventPark. B.AttheByrdTheatre.C.AtFirehouseTheatre. D.AtVirginiaStateUniversity.3.WhatisTimBurton?A.Adirector. B.Awriter. C.Asinger. D.Anengineer.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)精彩的活動。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)APowerStation部分“TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirown”（他們通過與Neville，EltonJohn和StevieNicks等音樂家合作，并通過演唱自己的歌曲，在漫長的職業(yè)生涯中留下了自己的印記）可知，該樂隊(duì)與一些音樂家合作，且TowerofPower樂隊(duì)將在活動中獻(xiàn)唱，所以該活動最吸引音樂愛好者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhistleStop部分“Theworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.”（8月18日，世界著名的哈萊姆環(huán)球旅行者隊(duì)將他們精彩的表演帶到了弗吉尼亞州立大學(xué)。該隊(duì)推廣了跳投、扣籃和半場鉤射。）可知，該活動與籃球表演有關(guān)，人們可以在弗吉尼亞州立大學(xué)看到該表演。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句“OnAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.”（8月21日，另一部由TimBurton執(zhí)導(dǎo)的喜劇Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985)將上映。）可知，TimBurton執(zhí)導(dǎo)影片Pee-wee’sBigAdventure。故選A項(xiàng)。BIfahumancangetanartificiallimb,whynotananimal?Easiersaidthandonehowever,aswhilethereisatremendousamountofongoingresearchforhumanartificiallimbs,thereishardlyanyforanimals.ButDrTapeshMathur,avetlivinginJaipur,didnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.Heiscreditedwithmakingthe“KrishnaLimb”,India’sfirstartificiallimbforanimals.Tapeshhasbeendesigningartificiallimbsforanimalssince2015andtodate,hashelped90animalsadapttousinganartificiallimb.Fromdesigntoproduction,Tapeshdoesalltheworkbyhimselfathishome-workshop.Heprovidestheartificiallimbsforfree.Tapeshsaid,“Icouldnotbeartoseetheir(thecattle’s)paininshelters.Theseanimalscouldnotvoicetheiranxietyashumanscan,buttheyfeltthepainallthesame.Theywaitedhelplesslyforfoodorforsomeonetocleanthem.AndIkeptthinkingifwecanhelphumanswalkagain,whycan’tsomethingsimilarbedonefortheseanimals?ThusIbeganmyresearch.”Tapeshdesignedhisfirstartificiallimbforatwo-year-oldcownamedKrishna,wholearnttowalkusingthelimb.Producingtheseartificiallimbswasn’taneasytaskinitially,andTapeshrequiredrawmaterial,whichwasexpensive.Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingartificiallimbs,isonlysuppliedinlargequantitiesbysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.Now,Tapeshdesignscustomisableartificiallimbsfordifferentanimals.“Wegenerallyworkwithcows,horses,anddogs,buthavestartedreceivingapplicationsforotheranimalsaswell.Recently,wegotarequestforalimbforapetparrot.Wearestillworkingonthedesign.”Therearecertainstepsinvolvedindesigning.First,Tapeshtakesthenecessarymeasurements,basedonwhichtheartificiallimbisshaped.TherealchallengecomeswhenTapeshhastovisitanimalslivinginremoteareasashispatientsoftencannotbebroughttohim.Oncetheartificiallimbisready,Tapeshhastovisittheanimalandattachitforfree.4.Whydoestheauthoraskaquestionatthebeginningofthetext?A.Tostresstheimportanceofanimals. B.Toshowthevalueofanartificiallimb.C.Tocarryoutresearchonhumanartificiallimbs. D.Toarousereaders’interestinthefollowingtopic.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDrTapeshMathurfromthetext?A.Hehasraisedabout90animals.B.Heworkswithafamousdesigner.C.Hehasstarteddesigningartificiallimbsrecently.D.HeisthefirstIndiantomakeartificiallimbsforanimals.6.HowdidTapeshgetrawmaterialsforartificiallimbs?A.Byturningtothegovernmentforhelp. B.Bybuyingthemwithhisownmoney.C.Byborrowingthemfromcompanies. D.Byaskinghisfriendsforhelp.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.AnimalsTapeshwantstohelp. B.Thecostofmakinganartificiallimbs.C.Necessarythingsaboutmakingartificiallimbs. D.TherealchallengeTapeshfacesinremoteareas.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。介紹了齋普爾的獸醫(yī)塔佩什·馬瑟博士被譽(yù)為“克里希納假肢”的創(chuàng)造者，這是印度第一個(gè)為動物設(shè)計(jì)的假肢?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifahumancangetaprostheticlimb,whynotananimal?(如果人類都能裝假肢，為什么動物不能？)”可知，本文主要講述的是設(shè)計(jì)動物假肢，所以作者在文章開頭提出了一個(gè)問題目的是為了引起讀者對以下話題的興趣。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ButDrTapeshMathur,avetlivinginJaipur,didnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.Heiscreditedwithmakingthe“KrishnaLimb”,India’sfirstartificiallimbforanimals.(但是生活在齋浦爾的獸醫(yī)塔佩什·馬瑟博士不想再等下去了。他被認(rèn)為制作了“克里希納假肢”，這是印度第一個(gè)為動物制作的假肢)”可知，他是第一個(gè)為動物制作義肢的印度人。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingartificiallimbs,isonlysuppliedinlargequantitiesbysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.(用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供應(yīng)商大量供應(yīng)，塔佩什不得不用自己的積蓄從孟買采購)”可知，塔佩什·馬瑟博士用自己的錢購買制作假肢的原材料。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therearecertainstepsinvolvedindesigning.First,Tapeshtakesthenecessarymeasurements,basedonwhichtheartificiallimbisshaped.TherealchallengecomeswhenTapeshhastovisitanimalslivinginremoteareasashispatientsoftencannotbebroughttohim.Oncetheartificiallimbisready,Tapeshhastovisittheanimalandattachitforfree.(在設(shè)計(jì)中有一些特定的步驟。首先，塔佩什進(jìn)行必要的測量，在此基礎(chǔ)上形成假肢。真正的挑戰(zhàn)是，塔佩什不得不去探訪生活在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的動物，因?yàn)樗牟∪私?jīng)常無法被帶到他身邊。一旦假肢準(zhǔn)備好，塔佩什就必須去看望它，并免費(fèi)為它安裝假肢)”可知，最后一段主要告訴我們制作義肢的必備物品。故選C。C“Ifyoulookupinthesky,youprobablysee,atsomepoint,aplane.Andbehindthatplanearewhitelines.Andthat’swhatwecallcontrails(航跡云),”saidMareStettler,anImperialCollegeLondonengineer.It’sbelievedthatplanesaccountforabout3percentoftheclimate-changingcarbondioxidereleaseweaddtotheatmosphereandarewarmingtheplanetinanotherway.Contrailsaremadeupoficecrystals(冰晶)thatformwhenplaneenginesreleaseexhaustthathitsthecoldair.Theicecrystalsreflectincominglightfromthesunbackintospace,whichhasacoolingeffectontheatmosphere.Butcontrailsalsostopheatcomingupfromthegroundfromescapingintospace.It’sreflectedbackdowntowardtheground.Andsothat’sawarmingeffect.Stettlersaid,“Onbalance,contrailswarmtheatmospheremorethantheycoolit.Andthat’sprimarilybecausethecoolingeffectduetoreflectingofsunlightcanonlyhappenduringthedaywhenthesun’sshining,whilethewarmingeffectduetotrappingofoutgoingheathappensallofthetime.Somecontrailscanformcloudsthatlastforupto18hours.Duringthattime,theyspreadout,trappingevenmoreheat.Thisprocessallowscontrailstowarmtheearthaboutasmuchasthecarbondioxidereleasefromplanes.”“Bychangingthealtitudeonlybyacoupleofthousandfeet,eitherupordown,itwouldnolongerformacontrail.Andsowhatwefoundinthestudywasthatbychangingthealtitudeoflessthan2percentofflights,wecouldactuallyeliminatejustunder60percentofthewarmingeffectduetocontrails,”addedStettler.Thisimprovedunderstandingofhowtomanagecontrailspresentsanopportunityfortheairlineindustrytoreduceitsglobalenvironmentalimpact.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Byquotingsomeone’swords.C.Bypresentingexamples. D.Bylistingcomparativestatistics.9.Whatdoweknowaboutcontrails?A.Theycanwarmandcooltheatmosphere.B.Theyareformedbythereflectionofsunlight.C.Theydomoregoodthanharmtotheatmosphere.D.Theyhardlycausethecoolingeffectduringtheday.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthelastparagraphmean?ABreakawayfrom. B.Runoutof. C.Getridof. D.Putupwith.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thereleaseofcarbondioxideisincreasing.B.Contrailsareaffectingtheclimateoftheplanet.C.Thealtitudeofplanesislinkedtoglobalwarming.D.Cloudsfromplaneexhaustarecausedbyglobalwarming.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了飛機(jī)在空中飛行時(shí)會在身后留下航跡云，航跡云會導(dǎo)致地球變暖，對大氣環(huán)境的影響是弊大于利的，而適當(dāng)調(diào)整飛機(jī)的飛行高度可以很大程度降低航跡云的影響。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中““Ifyoulookupinthesky,youprobablysee,atsomepoint,aplane.Andbehindthatplanearewhitelines.Andthat’swhatwecallcontrails(航跡云),”saidMareStettler,anImperialCollegeLondonengineer.(“如果你抬頭望向天空，你可能在某個(gè)時(shí)間看到一架飛機(jī)飛過。飛機(jī)后面有白色的線。我們稱之為航跡云?！盡areStettler說道，他是帝國理工學(xué)院的一名工程師)”可知，文章開頭引述了工程師MareStettler的話，給出了航跡云的概念，也引出了文章主題。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Contrailsaremadeupoficecrystals(冰晶)thatformwhenplaneenginesreleaseexhaustthathitsthecoldair.Theicecrystalsreflectincominglightfromthesunbackintospace,whichhasacoolingeffectontheatmosphere.Butcontrailsalsostopheatcomingupfromthegroundfromescapingintospace.It’sreflectedbackdowntowardtheground.Andsothat’sawarmingeffect.(航跡云是由冰晶組成的，當(dāng)飛機(jī)引擎排出的尾氣與冷空氣相遇時(shí)就產(chǎn)生了冰晶。這些冰晶將太陽射來的光反射回太空里，對于大氣有著冷卻效果。但航跡云也會阻地球上的熱量擴(kuò)散到太空中去。這些熱量被反射回地面。這樣又成了加熱效果)”可知，航跡云對于大氣同時(shí)存在降溫和加熱效果，與A選項(xiàng)描述相符。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】詞義猜測題。由劃線詞所在句前一句“Bychangingthealtitudeonlybyacoupleofthousandfeet,eitherupordown,itwouldnolongerformacontrail.(通過僅改變飛行高度幾千英尺，不論是向上還是向下，都不會再產(chǎn)生航跡云。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)改變飛機(jī)的飛行高度可以減少航跡云的形成，則在劃線詞所在句中，通過調(diào)整航班的飛行高度，應(yīng)當(dāng)會消除、減少航跡云帶來的負(fù)面效果，eliminate應(yīng)表示“消除、排除”，與C選項(xiàng)“擺脫、甩掉”含義最接近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。瀏覽全文可知，文章首段引出航跡云這一概念，然后介紹了其對大氣環(huán)境的正面和負(fù)面影響，指出使大氣變暖的弊端更大，并在最后一段提出了解決方法，B選項(xiàng)“航跡云正在影響地球氣候”符合文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。DHowlikelyyou’retotrustaself-drivingcarofadvicefromartificialintelligence(AI)?Aninterdisciplinary(多學(xué)科的)teamfromtheUniversityofKansasledbyrelationshippsychologistOmriGillathhaspublishedanewpaperinthejournalComputersinHumanBehaviorshowingpeople’strustinAIistiedtotheirrelationshiporattachmentstyle.ThenewresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhoareanxiousandunsureabouttheirrelationshipswithhumanstendtohavelesstrustinAIaswell.Importantly,theresearchalsosuggeststrustinAIcanbeincreasedbyremindingpeopleoftheirsecurerelationshipswithotherhumans.GrandViewResearchestimatedtheglobalAImarketat$39.9billionin2019,projectedtoexpandatanannualgrowthrateof42.2%from2020to2027.However,lackoftrustremainsakeyobstacletoadoptingnewAItechnologies.TheresearchbyGillathandcolleaguessuggestsnewwaystoincreasetrustinAI.Inthreestudies,attachmentstyle,thoughttoplayacentralroleinromanticandparent-childrelationships,wasshownalsotoaffectpeople’strustinAI.“MostresearchontrustinAIfocusesoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)waystoincreasetrust.Herewetookadifferentapproachbyfocusingona‘relationalaffective’routetoincreasetrust,seeingAIasapartnerorateammemberratherthanadevice,”saidGillath,professorofpsychologyatKU.“Findingassociationsbetweenhumans’attachmentstyle—anindividualdifferencerepresentingthewaypeoplefeel,thinkandbehaveincloserelationships—andtheirtrustinAIpavesthewaytonewunderstandingsandpotentiallynewinterventions(干預(yù))tocausetrust.”Theresearchteamincludesinvestigatorsfromawidevarietyofsubjects,includingpsychology,engineering,businessandmedicine.ThisinterdisciplinaryapproachprovidesanewviewonAI,trustandassociationswithrelationalandaffectivefactors.Gillathsaid,“Thefindingsshowyoucanpredictandincreasepeople’strustlevelsinnon-humansbasedontheirearlyrelationshipswithhumans.ThishasthepotentialtoimproveadoptionofnewtechnologiesandtheintegrationofAIintheworkplace.”12.Whatdopeoplemoreconfidentabouthumanrelationshipstendtohave?A.Moreanxietyabouttheirrelations. B.MoretrustinAI.C.Lesstrustinhumans. D.Fewerfriends.13.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Psychology. B.Relationship. C.Cognitiveways. D.Fewerfriends.14.WhatdidGillathtalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Thesubjectsthefindingscover. B.Thecurrentstateoftheworkplace.C.Theprospectiveuseofthefindings. D.Theaffectivefactorsoftheresearch.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TrustinAdvicefromAIB.ANewApproachtoIncreasingTrustinAIC.RelationshipsExistingBetweenDifferentDisciplinesD.TrustLevelsinAIPredictedbyHumans’AttachmentStyle【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)由堪薩斯大學(xué)的關(guān)系心理學(xué)家OmriGillath領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的跨學(xué)科團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行的研究，表明人們對人工智能的信任與他們的關(guān)系或依戀類型有關(guān)，這個(gè)研究可能促進(jìn)新技術(shù)的采用和人工智能在工作場所的整合?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ThenewresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhoareanxiousandunsureabouttheirrelationshipswithhumanstendtohavelesstrustinAIaswell.(這項(xiàng)新研究表明，那些對與人類的關(guān)系感到焦慮和不確定的人往往對人工智能也不那么信任。)”可知，對人際關(guān)系更有信心的人傾向于更多地信任人工智能。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Herewetookadifferentapproachbyfocusingona‘relationalaffective’routetoincreasetrust,seeingAIasapartnerorateammemberratherthanadevice,”saidGillath,professorofpsychologyatKU.(在這里，我們采用了一種不同的方法，專注于‘關(guān)系情感’路線來增加信任，將人工智能視為伙伴或團(tuán)隊(duì)成員，而不是設(shè)備，)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究重點(diǎn)研究關(guān)系情感的路線來增加人們對人工智能的信任。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThisinterdisciplinaryapproachprovidesanewviewonAI,trustandassociationswithrelationalandaffectivefactors.Gillathsaid,‘Thefindingsshowyoucanpredictandincreasepeople’strustlevelsinnon-humansbasedontheirearlyrelationshipswithhumans.ThishasthepotentialtoimproveadoptionofnewtechnologiesandtheintegrationofAIintheworkplace.’(這種跨學(xué)科的方法為人工智能、信任以及與關(guān)系和情感因素的關(guān)聯(lián)提供了一個(gè)新的視角。吉拉斯說：‘研究結(jié)果表明，你可以根據(jù)人們與人類的早期關(guān)系來預(yù)測和提高人們對非人類的信任水平。這有可能促進(jìn)新技術(shù)的采用，以及人工智能在工作場所的整合?！?”可知，吉拉斯談到了這個(gè)研究在新視角下，能促進(jìn)新技術(shù)的采用，這屬于研究結(jié)果的前瞻性的應(yīng)用。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Aninterdisciplinary(多學(xué)科的)teamfromtheUniversityofKansasledbyrelationshippsychologistOmriGillathhaspublishedanewpaperinthejournalComputersinHumanBehaviorshowingpeople’strustinAIistiedtotheirrelationshiporattachmentstyle.(由關(guān)系心理學(xué)家OmriGillath領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的來自堪薩斯大學(xué)的跨學(xué)科團(tuán)隊(duì)在《計(jì)算機(jī)與人類行為》雜志上發(fā)表了一篇新論文，表明人們對人工智能的信任與他們的關(guān)系或依戀類型有關(guān)。)”可知，本文介紹了人類的關(guān)系或依戀類型與人們對人工智能的信任程度之間的關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“TrustLevelsinAIPredictedbyHumans’AttachmentStyle(根據(jù)人類依戀類型預(yù)測的人工智能中的信任級別)”，符合題意，適合作標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asthecostoflivingrises,manypeoplearedoingeverythingtheycantokeeptheiroutgoingstoanabsoluteminimumwhereverpossible.Fillingupyourcarhasneverbeensounpleasant.____16____.KeepyourpetrolcapclosedOnegoodplacetostartiswiththepetrolcap.Ensuringyourpetrolcapisclosedreallytightcanhelpyourcargainsomeextramileageandgothatlittlebitfurther.Petrolisakindofliquid,andwhentheliquidgetstoohot,it’llevaporate(蒸發(fā))intotheair.____17____,thenthepetrolwillhavenowheretogo.Thisensuresthatyourfuelstaysinthecarratherthanrunningthroughthecapandintotheair.MakeyourcarlighterThisonemightseemobvious,butthelighteryourcaris,thelessworktheenginehasttodo.____18____.Thisisnotsuggestingthateveryoneswaptheirbiggercarsforsomethingsmaller,buttakingoutanyjunkinyourcarthatisn'tneededforthatspecifictripisawisechoice.CheckyourtyrepressuresarejustrightTomakeyourtankworkefficiently,youneedtherestofyourmotortobetoo.Agreatplacetostartiswithyourtyres.Tyrerollingresistance,whichistheeffortrequiredtokeepatyrerollingasyou’redriving,countsforaround15%ofallfuelconsumption.____19____.Notonlydoesitmeanyou’llbedrivingsafely,butyou’llalsobesavingfuel.____20____Cuttingouttheenginealtogetherwheneveryoucanisagoodwaytogo.Ifyou’restuckintraffic,oryou’vebeenstationaryforlongerthanaminuteorso,thenturnyourengineoff.Leavingyourcarrunningevenwhilenotmovingwillburnthroughfuelquitequickly.Notonlythat,butit’salsobadfortheenvironment.A.TurnofftheengineB.BesmoothonthegasC.IfyourcapisextremelytightD.HowevermuchfuelyourcarconsumesE.Theheavierthevehicleis,themorefuelitusesF.HerearesometipsonhowtokeeppetrolcostsdownwhileyoudriveG.Thisconsumptioniswhyit’simportanttokeepyourtyrepressurenormal【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。講述如何在開車時(shí)降低汽油成本。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Fillingupyourcarhasneverbeensounpleasant.（給車加油從來沒有這么不愉快過）”以及各個(gè)小標(biāo)題“Keepyourpetrolcapclosed（把油蓋蓋上）”，“Makeyourcarlighter（讓你的車更輕）”，“Checkyourtyrepressuresarejustright（檢查一下你的輪胎壓力是否合適）”可知本文在講述如何降低汽油成本。故F項(xiàng)“這里有一些關(guān)于如何在開車時(shí)降低汽油成本的建議”總起下文。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Keepyourpetrolcapclosed（把油蓋蓋上）”以及后文“thenthepetrolwillhavenowheretogo.（那么汽油就無處可去了）”可知空處應(yīng)是油蓋蓋緊，C項(xiàng)符合。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thisonemightseemobvious,butthelighteryourcaris,thelessworktheenginehasttodo（這一點(diǎn)似乎是顯而易見的，但你的車越輕，發(fā)動機(jī)需要做的工作就越少）”以及后文“Thisisnotsuggestingthateveryoneswaptheirbiggercarsforsomethingsmaller,buttakingoutanyjunkinyourcarthatisn'tneededforthatspecifictripisawisechoice.（這并不是說每個(gè)人都把自己的大車換成小車，但把你車?yán)锬切┎恍枰睦贸鰜硎且粋€(gè)明智的選擇）”可知，空處是一個(gè)過渡句，在說明與上文相反的一種情況，E項(xiàng)“Theheavierthevehicleis,themorefuelituses（車輛越重，消耗的燃料就越多）”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Tyrerollingresistance,whichistheeffortrequiredtokeepatyrerollingasyou’redriving,countsforaround15%ofallfuelconsumption.（輪胎滾動阻力，也就是你開車時(shí)保持輪胎滾動所需要的動力，約占所有燃料消耗的15%。）”可知G項(xiàng)“Thisconsumptioniswhyit’simportanttokeepyourtyrepressurenormal（這就是為什么保持輪胎氣壓正常很重要）”承接上文，說明輪胎氣壓的重要性，其中consumption為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】分析空處，可知是小標(biāo)題，本文其他小標(biāo)題都是祈使句型，以及根據(jù)后文“Cuttingouttheenginealtogetherwheneveryoucanisagoodwaytogo.（無論何時(shí)，只要你能關(guān)掉引擎是一個(gè)好方法。）”可知A項(xiàng)“關(guān)掉引擎”為本段的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenWendyMcDowellwas8yearsold,shefoundherselfall____21____inoneofthebusiestinternationalairportsintheUnitedStates.Itwas1979,andMcDowellneededto____22____fromBismarck,N.D.,toBurlington,VT.____23____inherfamilycouldgowithher,soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriendto____24____her.Whentheyarrivedfortheirlayover(中轉(zhuǎn)停留)atChicago’sO’HareInternationalAirport,they____25____theirconnectingflightwas____26____.WhatthefamilyfrienddidnextstillfrightensMcDowelltothisday.“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult____27____me—justliterallywalkedaway,”shesays.“Irememberjustfeelingso____28____.”Andshefeltallalone,untilawomanwalkedovertoher.“Iremembershewaswearingwhite,andshecameandsatnexttome,”McDowell____29____.“AndIjustrememberimmediatelyfeelingasenseof____30____becausesomeonewaswithme.”“AndshejustreallygentlyspoketomeandaskedmewhereIwasgoingandwheremymotherwas,”McDowellsays.AfterreassuringMcDowell,thewomanconvincedhertosharehermother’s____31____number.Aftergettingthrough,she____32____McDowell’smotherthatherdaughterwouldbesafewithher.McDowellherselflethermomknowshefeltsafe.ThewomaninwhitewasflyingtoPittsburgh,butshemadeadetour(繞道)toBurlingtontodropoffMcDowell.The____33____ofthestrangerhasleftalifelongimpactonMcDowell.Shehasusedthatexperiencetoteachhersonaboutkindness.“Iwanthimtoknowthatpeoplecanchoosetobebeautifuland____34____andprovidesecurityandthatpeoplelikethisareoutthere,”shesays.“SoIjust____35____itmorethanwordscanreallyexpress.”21.A.confused B.calm C.lost D.alone22.A.walk B.drive C.fly D.bicycle23.A.Nobody B.Someone C.Anybody D.Everyone24.A.leave B.teach C.guide D.accompany25.A.inspected B.found C.predicted D.considered26.A.repaired B.abandoned C.canceled D.delayed27.A.inplaceof B.inchargeof C.inhonorof D.incaseof28.A.desperate B.ashamed C.guilty D.bored29.A.complains B.recalls C.explains D.promises30.A.belonging B.justice C.freedom D.safety31.A.phone B.ID C.house D.job32.A.informed B.warned C.convinced D.suggested33.A.kindness B.determination C.courage D.awareness34.A.resourceful B.helpful C.thankful D.careful35.A.realize B.recognize C.appreciate D.present【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了溫迪·麥克道爾8歲的時(shí)候獨(dú)自在美國國際機(jī)場，這時(shí)一個(gè)善良的陌生女士，陪同她，給她家里打電話告知溫迪·麥克道爾平安。陌生人的善良給麥克道爾留下了終生的影響?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)溫迪·麥克道爾8歲的時(shí)候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個(gè)人在美國最繁忙的國際機(jī)場之一。A.confused困惑的；B.calm平靜的；C.lost迷路的；D.alone獨(dú)自一人。根據(jù)“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult____me—justliterallywalkedaway,”可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個(gè)人在美國最繁忙的國際機(jī)場之一。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那是1979年，麥克道爾需要從北達(dá)科他州俾斯麥飛往佛蒙特州的伯靈頓。A.walk散步；B.drive開車；C.fly飛行；D.bicycle騎自行車。根據(jù)“inoneofthebusiestinternationalairportsintheUnitedStates.”可知，麥克道爾需要從北達(dá)科他州的俾斯麥飛往佛蒙特州的伯靈頓。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：她的家人都不能和她一起去，所以她的父母認(rèn)為讓一個(gè)19歲的家庭朋友陪她去比較安全。A.Nobody沒有人；B.Someone某個(gè)人；C.Anybody任何人；D.Everyone每一個(gè)人。根據(jù)“soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriendto4her.”可知，沒有家人能陪同她坐飛機(jī)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的家人都不能和她一起去，所以她的父母認(rèn)為讓一個(gè)19歲的家庭朋友陪她去比較安全。A.leave離開；B.teach教學(xué)；C.guide引導(dǎo)；D.accompany陪伴。根據(jù)“3inherfamilycouldgowithher,soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriend”可知，家人不能陪同她坐飛機(jī)，家里的朋友陪她更安全。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們抵達(dá)芝加哥奧黑爾國際機(jī)場轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)航班被取消了。A.inspected視察；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.predicted預(yù)測；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)“theirconnectingflightwas____.”可知，他們到機(jī)場后發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)航班被取消。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們抵達(dá)芝加哥奧黑爾國際機(jī)場轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)航班被取消了。A.repaired修理；B.abandoned拋棄；C.canceled取消；D.delayed耽誤。根據(jù)“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight”可知，轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)航班被取消了。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：她說:“她把我留在芝加哥奧黑爾機(jī)場，那時(shí)我還是個(gè)8歲的孩子，沒有航班，沒有計(jì)劃，沒有大人管我——她就這么一走了之?！盇.inplaceof替代；B.inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)；C.inhonorof為了紀(jì)念；D.incaseof以防。根據(jù)“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportsan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan”可知，家里的朋友留下8歲的麥克道爾獨(dú)自在機(jī)場，沒有大人陪同。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得當(dāng)時(shí)我感到非常絕望。A.desperate絕望的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.guilty有罪的；D.bored無聊的。根據(jù)“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult8me—justliterallywalkedaway,”可知，麥克道爾很絕望。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得她穿著白色的衣服，她走過來坐在我旁邊，麥克道爾回憶道。A.complains抱怨；B.recalls回憶；C.explains解釋；D.promises答應(yīng)。根據(jù)“Iremembershewaswearingwhite,andshecameandsatnexttome,”可知，這是她在回憶。故選B。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我記得當(dāng)時(shí)我l立即有一種安全感，因?yàn)橛腥撕臀以谝黄??！盇.belonging財(cái)產(chǎn)；B.justice公平；C.freedom自由；D.safety安全。根據(jù)“becausesomeonewaswithme.”可知，她感覺安全。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在讓麥克道爾放心之后，這名女子說服她分享了母親的電話號碼。A.phone電話；B.ID身份證；C.house房子；D.job工作。根據(jù)“Aftergettingthrough,”可知，這名女子要了電話號碼，打電話，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：打通電話后，她讓麥克道爾的母親相信，女兒和她在一起會很安全。A.informed通知；B.warned警告；C.convinced確信；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)“thatherdaughterwouldbesafewithher.”可知，打電話是為了讓麥克道爾媽媽放心。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：陌生人的善良給麥克道爾留下了終生的影響。A.kindness善良；B.determination決心；C.courage勇氣；D.awareness意識。根據(jù)“AndshejustreallygentlyspoketomeandaskedmewhereIwasgoingandwheremymotherwas,”以及“Shehasusedthatexperiencetoteachhersonaboutkindness.”可知，那個(gè)女子陪伴8歲的麥克道爾，她的善良給麥克道爾留下了終生的影響。故選A。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說:“我想讓他知道，人們可以選擇美麗、樂于助人、提供安全感，像這樣的人就在那里。”A.resourceful機(jī)敏的；B.helpful有幫助的；C.thankful感激的；D.careful小心的。根據(jù)“providesecurityandthatpeoplelikethisareoutthere,”可知，這種行為是有幫助的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“所以我的感激之情無法用語言來表達(dá)。”。A.realize意識；B.recognize認(rèn)出；C.appreciate感激；D.present呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“AndIjustrememberimmediatelyfeelingasenseof10becausesomeonewaswithme.”可知，麥克道爾對女子的善良行為表示感激。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ataheightof556.36meters,HeavenlyJinrestaurantinShanghaiwascertifiedbytheGuinnessWorldRecordsasthe____36____(high)restaurantinabuildingonTuesday.____37____previousrecordholderwasAT.MOSPHERErestaurantinBurjKhalifa,Dubai.____38____(locate)onthe120thfloorofShanghaiTower,thetallestbuildinginChina,HeavenlyJinispartofJHotel,a____39____(lead)high-endhotelbrandintravelandhospitality(服務(wù)).LastTuesday,GuinnessWorldRecordsjudicatorMaggieLuo____40____(confirm)theresultbeforeissuingacertificateanduncoveringaplaque(匾額)ataceremonyonTuesday.“Thisrecordis____41____greatsignificancetous.TheheightoftherestaurantisproofofthededicationoftheHeavenlyJinmanagementandoperationalteams,”saidJennyZhang,generalmanagerofJHotelShanghaiTower.“Wewelcome____42____(guest)fromallovertheworldwithahigherlevelexperienceabovetheclouds.ApartfromthefantasticviewsoftheShanghaiskyline,therestaurantalsooffersEuropean,JapaneseandChinesecuisinesforlunchanddinner,aswellasafternoontea.____43____youseeandfeelherewillleaveanunforgettable____44____(impress)onyou.Allofyouwillfinditagoodchancetorelaxaswellasentertain____45____(you).”【答案】36.highest37.The38.Located39.leading40.confirmed41.of42.guests43.What44.impression45.yourselves【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了上海天錦餐廳被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)證為樓內(nèi)最高餐廳?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：周二，上海天錦餐廳以556.36米的高度被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)證為大樓內(nèi)最高的餐廳。結(jié)合句意和空格前定