藍(lán)色卡通風(fēng)冬季行車安全培訓(xùn)課件

駕駛員基本素質(zhì)及常見不良心理現(xiàn)象01嚴(yán)寒氣候?qū)囕v駕駛的影響02確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”03冰雪道路安全駕駛04濃霧天氣安全駕駛05冬季行車安全自救方案實(shí)例06冬季安全行車提示07目錄CONTENTSploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART01駕駛員基本素質(zhì)及常見不良心理現(xiàn)象交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei快車心理僥幸心理報(bào)復(fù)心理自信心理消極和興奮心理駕駛員基本素質(zhì)及常見不良心理現(xiàn)象ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

“十次事故九次快”，開快車是發(fā)生車禍最危險(xiǎn)的因素之一．導(dǎo)致快車心理的因素很多，有的駕駛員年輕氣盛,生性要強(qiáng)開車上路后不愿落在別人后面，時(shí)時(shí)想著超越別人、壓制別人；有的駕駛員拐道辦私事怕耽誤時(shí)間被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)發(fā)現(xiàn)，匆匆忙忙，提升速度；有的駕駛員有親友坐車時(shí)，為了顯示自己的駕駛技術(shù)，高速開車：有些駕駛員外出辦事時(shí)，去時(shí)有盡快完成,任務(wù)的使命感、返回時(shí)有“早回家、早休息”的思想，容易開快車。尤其在高速路上，不顧車輛限速提示而超速行駛，時(shí)速跑到150、160,上述這些快車心理，都易導(dǎo)致交通事故的發(fā)生。駕駛員基本素質(zhì)及常見不良心理現(xiàn)象ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

這類汽車駕駛員多是一些老駕駛員，多年沒(méi)有發(fā)生事故。天長(zhǎng)日久產(chǎn)生了一種自信心理，認(rèn)為大江大河都能過(guò)去。小河溝里還能翻船？因而在處理復(fù)雜路況或處理突然事件時(shí)，過(guò)于相信自己或過(guò)高估計(jì)自己的駕車水平，不注意總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，單憑自己的感覺(jué)。缺乏科學(xué)判斷把自己以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)看得盡善盡美，結(jié)果就會(huì)釀成悲劇。

駕駛員如遇到夫妻吵架，與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或同事鬧意見、子女待業(yè)，家人生病鄰里糾紛，降級(jí)處分等，處于心情不佳，厭煩、焦急、消沉、怨恨等消極情緒，往往注意力不集中或心不在，致使反應(yīng)變慢，操作遲緩，遇事不能及時(shí)處理。過(guò)度興奮是與之相反的積極情緒狀態(tài)，生活、工作中遇到值得慶幸的事心理上呈現(xiàn)積極表現(xiàn)，如喬遷新居、過(guò)年回家、朋友聚會(huì)、子女就業(yè)，升學(xué)、加薪等，由于過(guò)于度興奮，忘乎所以，心中不能平靜，行駛中自控能力降低，結(jié)果樂(lè)極生悲。駕駛員基本素質(zhì)及常見不良心理現(xiàn)象ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART02嚴(yán)寒氣候?qū)囕v駕駛的影響交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei01燃油不易蒸發(fā)汽化，混合氣形成條件差，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不易起動(dòng)。02發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和傳動(dòng)系各部潤(rùn)滑油和潤(rùn)滑脂粘度增大甚至凝固，車輛起步和加速困難，操縱機(jī)件沉重。03金屬、塑料、橡膠等材料，在低溫下具有變脆的特性，因而機(jī)件和輪胎都容易損壞。04駕駛員的手腳容易凍僵，冬季著裝又比較厚，使操作的靈活性受到影響。05駕駛室內(nèi)外的溫差，使擋風(fēng)玻璃產(chǎn)生蒸汽，影響視線。06路面打滑，使轉(zhuǎn)向和制動(dòng)的操縱難度增大。嚴(yán)寒氣候?qū)囕v駕駛的影響ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART03確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei因?yàn)槎緡?yán)寒氣溫低，大多數(shù)車輛在露天或一般車庫(kù)停放過(guò)夜，易出現(xiàn)凍壞車輛的現(xiàn)象。因此，停車過(guò)夜的車輛，應(yīng)選擇干燥避風(fēng)的地點(diǎn)，車頭應(yīng)朝著順風(fēng)方向，要注意把散熱器和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)體內(nèi)的水徹底排放干凈，儲(chǔ)氣筒內(nèi)的存氣和余水也要排放干凈，避免結(jié)凍。第二天啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí)，切記不能大轟油門，以防燒瓦、拉缸。起步前先用怠速升溫到50攝氏度左右，便可起步，起步后要用低速擋慢行一段路待底盤運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常后，方可加速行駛。要防凍1確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

冬季在結(jié)冰打滑的道路上行車，車輛極易橫滑，轉(zhuǎn)向的準(zhǔn)確性往往失常。若遇有坡道險(xiǎn)橋窄路，要特別謹(jǐn)慎，限速緩行。上坡保持均勻車速，下坡要使用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制，轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)車輛附著力小，離心力大，要提前減速慢行。若是路面特別滑時(shí)，要使用防滑鏈條。通過(guò)十字路口時(shí)，應(yīng)事先降低車速，避免緊急制動(dòng)，引起側(cè)滑現(xiàn)象，前后兩車之間的距離也應(yīng)當(dāng)增加到正常行車間距的兩倍以上。會(huì)車時(shí)，應(yīng)在相距100米至150米處時(shí)，選擇寬闊處停車禮讓。要防滑2確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

當(dāng)遇到濃霧彌漫無(wú)法前進(jìn)時(shí)（視線不到三米），應(yīng)停車避讓，待霧氣減退情況好轉(zhuǎn)再走，視線在30米以內(nèi)，時(shí)速不得超過(guò)20公里。行進(jìn)中應(yīng)開亮霧燈、近光燈及尾燈，遇到對(duì)方來(lái)車要先鳴笛，減速讓道，不準(zhǔn)逆道行駛，不準(zhǔn)搶行，不準(zhǔn)超越同方向正在行駛的車輛。要防霧3確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

火源是一切失火事故的外在條件和直接起因。以駕駛員來(lái)說(shuō)，一定要控制人為火源。禁止用打火機(jī)、火柴、油燈在車輛上進(jìn)行照明；加注燃油時(shí)，不準(zhǔn)吸煙，車輛在停駛和保養(yǎng)時(shí)不應(yīng)在車輛周圍設(shè)置爐火和進(jìn)行焊接等工作。要防火4確保冬季安全行車的“四要素”ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART04冰雪道路安全駕駛交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei01一是在雪地長(zhǎng)時(shí)間行車時(shí)，需佩戴有色眼鏡，以防造成眩目而影響安全行車。02二是雪天和路面結(jié)冰時(shí)不要上高速公路行駛。03三是減速行駛：因路面的附著力減小，一般車速不應(yīng)超過(guò)30km/h。04四是加大行車間距，至少應(yīng)為干燥路面的2至3倍以上。冰雪道路安全駕駛ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei06六是沿著前車的車轍行駛，一般情況下，不要超車、急減速、急轉(zhuǎn)彎和緊急制動(dòng)。需要停車時(shí)，要提前采取措施，多換檔，少制動(dòng)。如路況稍有可凝，應(yīng)緩慢制動(dòng)停車。待察看清楚，確認(rèn)安全后再繼續(xù)行駛。05五是在彎道坡路上行駛時(shí)，應(yīng)避免隨意變線，遇有情況，應(yīng)提前減速，避免中途變速、停車或熄火，行駛中盡量利用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的牽引阻力控制車速。冰雪道路安全駕駛ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei07七是行駛不可猛打、猛回方向，當(dāng)前輪發(fā)生滑溜時(shí)，應(yīng)及時(shí)松開剎車，修正方向；當(dāng)后輪滑溜時(shí)，應(yīng)向滑溜一方修正轉(zhuǎn)向盤；當(dāng)遇動(dòng)力滑溜應(yīng)及時(shí)抬起加速踏板；當(dāng)橫向滑溜車輛進(jìn)入旋轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)時(shí)，不要慌亂采取措施，等車輛停穩(wěn)后重新起步。08八是勤用喇叭，警告行人和其他車輛，提示自己的行車位置，兩車交會(huì)時(shí)關(guān)閉防霧燈，以免給對(duì)方造成眩目感，如果對(duì)方車速較快，應(yīng)主動(dòng)減速讓行，必要時(shí)靠邊停車。冰雪道路安全駕駛ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART04濃霧天氣安全駕駛交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei霧太大，能見度太低時(shí)，要暫停行駛，待能見度恢復(fù)到一定程度時(shí)再行駛；01適當(dāng)減速行駛，打開防霧燈及前后小燈和寬燈，沿路右側(cè)行駛，但不要太靠邊，以免與路邊行人及其他障礙發(fā)生碰撞;02會(huì)車時(shí)用燈光示意，盡量避免超車。04行駛中多鳴喇叭，引起行人和車輛的注意；03濃霧天氣能見度大大降低，增加發(fā)生交通事故的危險(xiǎn)性，因此行車時(shí)應(yīng)注意：濃霧天氣安全駕駛ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART04冬季行車安全自救方案實(shí)例交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei一、輪胎側(cè)滑緊急自救方案保持冷靜，采用點(diǎn)剎的方法，即踏在制動(dòng)踏板的右腳松開，然后再踏下，快速地重復(fù)數(shù)次，便能有效地將汽車停下。在行車的過(guò)程中，車輛突然側(cè)滑，應(yīng)立即松開制動(dòng)踏板，同時(shí)迅速將方向盤朝側(cè)滑的一邊轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。要注意方向盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的幅度，以免轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過(guò)大車輛沖出路面。冬季行車安全自救方案實(shí)例ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei

因?yàn)槎練鉁氐?，所以?duì)剎車液體來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)變得很粘稠，這會(huì)在一定程度上影響剎車的正常使用，從而降低剎車的靈活性。這時(shí)，您所需要做的是在低速行駛時(shí)試剎車，觀察一下是否出現(xiàn)異常，如有異常，則應(yīng)立刻停車采取補(bǔ)救措施。二、冬季剎車問(wèn)題冬季行車安全自救方案實(shí)例ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiPART04冬季安全行車提示交通安全ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei冬季來(lái)臨，氣候多變，事故高發(fā)，出門前請(qǐng)注意收聽天氣預(yù)報(bào)，關(guān)注路況信息，為了確保您和他人的安全,上路行駛請(qǐng)遵守交通規(guī)則，務(wù)必做到：五不超七慢四勤八不準(zhǔn)六不開交通安全常識(shí)冬季安全行車提示ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei勤檢查2勤調(diào)整4勤保養(yǎng)1勤清潔3此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語(yǔ)