浙江省衢州市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試 英語 含解析

衢州市年1月高二年級(jí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試卷英語考生須知：．全卷分試卷和答題卷?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卷上交。．試卷共頁，分第I卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。．請將答案做在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置上，寫在試卷上無效。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdidLily’sbrotherdo?A.Hedamagedthecards.B.Hewashedclothes.C.HemadeChristmascards.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:CanItakealookatyourChristmascardsyouboughtthismorning,Lily?W:Impossible.M:whathappened?W:Iputthemonthetableandthenlefttodothelaundry.AndwhenIcameback,mylittlenaughtybrotherhadtornthemtopieces.Iamsomad!2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewoman’simpressiononthehouse?A.Itlooksluxurious.B.Itfeelscrowded.C.Itiswell-designed.【答案】C【解析】第1頁/共28頁【原文】W:Ilikewhatyouhavedonewithyourlivingroom.Itseemstobealotbiggerthanbefore.M:welikeit,too.knockeddownthewallinthelivingroomandturnedtheguestroomintoabathroom.Itcostalot,though.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandotomorrowmorning?A.Gotothezoo.B.Gototheairport.C.Dealwithanemail.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】M:Susan,shallwegotothezootomorrow?W:I’dloveto.ButIhavetosavethemorningforanimportantemail.It’sabigdeal.Imustwriteareply.Andintheafternoon,I’lltakeLisatotheairport.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwilltheequipmentarrive?A.ThisB.ThisFriday.C.NextMonday.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】M:Hastheequipmentarrivedyet?ItwassupposedtoarrivethisMonday.isalreadyW:Notyet.Itwon’tarriveuntilthedayafter5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onafarm.B.Atafruitmarket.C.Atcustoms(海關(guān)).【答案】C【解析】【詳解】M:Areyoucarryinganyfreshfruit,vegetablesormeat?W:IhaveabasketoftropicalfruitI’mtakingasagiftforafriend.M:Sorry,madam,butit’sillegaltobringfreshfruitintothecountry.Pleaseopenyourcarry-on.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各第2頁/共28頁個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.WhatisMary’sgoalwithhernewdiet?A.buildmuscles.B.exercisemore.C.loseweight.7.Howoftendoesthemangotothegym?A.Threetimesaweek.B.aweek.C.Onceaweek.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:HeyMary,youlookgreat!changedalot!W:Really?Maybeit’sthisnewdietthatIamon.I’mhopingtolosetenpoundsbythesummer.M:whateveryouaredoing,it’sworking.Whendidyoudecidetogoonadiet?W:Lastmonth.ImadeaNewresolutiontoeathealthierandexercisemore.M:Goodforyou.Isthisyourfirsttimehere?W:No,I’vebeentothisgymoncebefore.Howlonghaveyoubeenamember?M:Justthreeweeks.IcomehereeveryThursdayandSaturday.8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoattherestaurantatfirst?A.Holdaparty.B.thebiggame.C.Bookatable.9.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.anotherrestaurant.B.Callingthebardownstairs.C.tillthegameisover.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thanksforcallingSeagull’sRestaurant.HowcanIhelpyou?M:I’dliketomakeareservationforaround8:00tonight,forapartyoffive.W:I’msorry,weonlyhavetablesforfourpeopleatthemoment.M:Oh!Can’tyoujustputtwotablestogether?第3頁/共28頁W:I’msorry,sir.Butyouneedtohaveatleastsevenpeopletodothat.Normally,wecouldhelpyou,butit’saSaturdayandthebiggameison.M:OhIforgotaboutthat.W:shouldtrycallingourbardownstairs.Theyhavetablesforfive,althoughtheyhaveadifferentmenu.M:OK,thanks.Canyougivemetheirtelephonenumber?W:Certainly.Onemoment...10.Whatisthemainproblemwiththeman’syard?A.Theyardisfullofgarbage.B.Theyardisdamagedbyanimals.C.Theyardisovergrownwithgrass.Whatistheonlysolutionaccordingtotheman?A.Buildafence.B.Replantthegrass.C.Huntbirds.12.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Upset.B.Disappointed.C.Regretful.【答案】10.BB12.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh!Whathappenedtoyouryard?It’salltornup.M:Thishappenedoverthelasttwoweeks,actually.Itwasbirdsandothersmallanimalshuntingfortheirwinterfood.W:What?Whyaretheydiggingupthegrass?Ithoughttheyjustateleftover(殘余的)foodfromthegarbagecans.M:They’relookingforthelittleinsectsthateattherootsofthegrassandlaytheireggsinthesoil.W:Iguessthere’snotmuchyoucandoaboutthat.Oncethey’rein,they’rein.M:Ithinktheonlywaytostoptheproblemistohavetheentireyardreplantedfirst.ThenIhavetotreatitwithchemicalssotheinsectsdon’tcomeback.W:thatisgoingtotakealotofwork…andcostalotofmoney.M:WhydoyouthinkI’minsuchabadmood?第4頁/共28頁13.Whichteamdothewoman’sparentsprobablycheerfor?A.England.B.Portuga(葡萄牙).C.Spain.14.Accordingtothewoman,whatismostlikelytohappentonight?A.Spainwilllose.B.Portugalwilllose.C.Ronaldowillscorethreegoals.15.WhydoesthemansupportPortugal?A.HelikesRonaldo.B.Spainiswaytooconfident.C.Portugalhasn’tlostasinglegameyet.16.Howmuchmoneydothespeakersagreetobet?A.$10.B.$20.C.$40.【答案】13.A14.B15.B16.A【解析】【詳解】M:TheCupthisyearhasbeenreallyexciting.Whoareyoucheeringfor?W:IcheerforEnglandwhenmyparentsarearound.ButIsecretlywantPortugaltowin.M:ProbablybecauseyoulikeCristianoRonaldo.Isthattheonlyplayeryouknow?W:prettymuch.M:doyouthinkPortugalisgoingtobeatSpaintonight?W:Ihopeso.AlthoughSpainhasn’tlostasinglegameyet,andPortugalhasbeenplayingprettybadlysofar.M:MaybeRonaldowillscorethreegoals,andtheywillgotothechampionshipmatch.W:Ithinkthere’sabetterchanceofhimmarryingme,tobehonest.M:Iagreewithyou,butcrazythingscanhappen!Spainthinksthey’rethebestintheworld.They’rewaytooconfident.That’softenwhenteamsenduplosing.W:Maybeyou’reright,butmymoneyisstillonSpain.youcaretoplacealittlebetonthegame?Say,20dollars?M:Whoa,Idon’twanttotakethatmuchmoneyfromafriend!Howabouthalfthatamount?W:Deal.17.Whocanbecalled“mallrats”?第5頁/共28頁A.Frequentmall-goers.B.Onlineshoppers.C.Mallworkers.18.WhydomostAmericansgotothemall?A.buymanygoods.B.socialize.C.takeexercise.19.Howlargeisthepark?A.Over28,000squaremeters.B.About75,000squaremeters.C.Nearly12,750squaremeters.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheMallofAmerica?A.Itprovidesfewparkingspaces.B.Itawiderangeoffacilities.C.Ithasalimitedselectionoffoodoptions.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】MallsarepopularplacesforAmericanstogo,withhundredsofstoresunderoneroof.Somepeoplespendsomuchtimeatmallsthattheyarecalled“mallrats”.Mallratsshopuntiltheydrop,eventhoughtheydon’tactuallybuythatmanythings.Otherpeoplegotothemallstogetdailyexercise,withthenewsportofmallwalking.Most,ofcourse,gotothemallsfortheusualpurposeofmeetingfriendsandhangingout.OneofthelargestmallsintheUnitedStatesistheMallofAmericainMinnesota,whichwasopenedin1992．Ithasparkingspacesfor12,750cars,andabout750,000peopleshopthereeveryweek.TheMallofAmericahasmorethan520stores,eightnightclubs,andaparkofmorethan28,000squaremeters!Italsohasover50restaurantswithfoodfromallovertheworldandagreatcinemaforshopperstorelaxwhenthey’retired.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AisCommunityscienceengagesthepublicinscientificinquiry,oftencooperatingwithprofessionalscientists.Discoverhowit’spracticedinourparks!第6頁/共28頁TheParksConservancy’scommunityscienceprogramscombinelandscape-scaleresearchwithcommunityinvolvementandeducation.helpmonitorspeciesandecosystems,fillinggapsinourknowledgeaboutlocalenvironment.Theseprogramsachancetolearnnewskillsandconnectwithpubliclandsthroughparticipationinscience.couldn’tbuildthisknowledgewithoutourvolunteers!·BioBlitzes:One-dayeventssurveyingbiodiversityusingtheiNaturalistplatform.·MarinAmountain-widestudyusingmotion-activatedcamerastotrackmammalpopulations.·CaliforniaGiantSalamanderInventory:Documentingthisrarespeciesusingcrowd-sourceddata.·GoldenGateRaptorObservatory:AcooperativetoprotectCalifornia’sraptorpopulations.·Bioquests:Multi-daycampaignstrackingspecificspecies,alsousingiNaturalist.Thisworkisdoneinpartnershipwithouragencypartners,academicinstitutions,andnonprofitconservationorganizations,whichenhancesourimpactandcontributestoglobaldatasets.Byparticipating,yougettolearnnewskillsandcontributetotheseimportantbodiesofknowledgeabouttheworld.Checkourcalendarforeventsandopportunities.StayupdatedbysigningupforOneseasonalnewsletter.Eachprogramhasuniquerequirements,andtrainingisprovidedfreeforvolunteers.Forquestions,emailcommunityscience@orvisitOnewebsiteformoreinformation.21.Whatdovolunteershelpwithinthecommunityscienceprograms?A.localecosystems.B.Educatingthepublicalone.C.Designingresearchprojects.D.Organizingpublicengagementevents.22.HowdoprogramBioBlitzesandBioquestsrecordspeciesdata?A.Throughcrowd-sourceddata.B.motion-activatedcameras.C.ByusingtheiNaturalistplatform.D.Byregularlyreviewingtheevent.23.Whatdotheprogramstovolunteers?A.Paidtraining.B.Chancestolearnnewskills.C.Monthlymagazine.D.forwildlifetracking.【答案】21.A22.C23.B第7頁/共28頁【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)社區(qū)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AboutOurCommunitySciencePrograms部分的“helpmonitorspeciesandecosystems,fillinggapsinourknowledgeaboutlocalenvironment.(志愿者幫助監(jiān)測物種和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，填補(bǔ)我們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境知識(shí)的空白)”可知，志愿者在社區(qū)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目中幫助追蹤當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramsInclude部分的“BioBlitzes:One-dayeventssurveyingbiodiversityusingtheiNaturalistplatform.(BioBlitzes：使用iNaturalist平臺(tái)進(jìn)行生物多樣性調(diào)查的一日活動(dòng))”和“Bioquests:Multi-daycampaignstrackingspecificspecies,alsousingiNaturalist.(BioquestsiNaturalist跟蹤特定物種的多日活動(dòng))”可知，BioBlitzes和Bioquests項(xiàng)目是通過使用iNaturalist平臺(tái)來記錄物種數(shù)據(jù)的。故選C?！?3題詳解】AboutOurCommunitySciencePrograms部分的“Theseprogramsachancetolearnnewskillsandconnectwithpubliclandsthroughparticipationinscience.(這些項(xiàng)目提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)新技能并通過參與科學(xué)活動(dòng)與公共土地建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，這些項(xiàng)目為志愿者提供了學(xué)習(xí)新技能的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。BOnahumidmorning,NevSchulmanransixmilesin43minutesinEastHampton,maintaininganimpressivesub-6:30paceforthreemiles.Afterward,hesharedaselfieonStrava,proudlynotinghehadmadethetop1%ofall-timerunnersonthatroute.Laterthatday,whilebikingtopickuphisson,Schulmancrashed,flyingoverthehandlebarsandhittingaworktruck.Paramedicsrushedhimtoanearbyhospital,whereX-raysrevealedhehadbrokenhisneckbuthadn’tsufferedanybrokenfingers.Schulmanunderwentemergencyoperationatanotherhospital.Remarkably,hehadfeelinginallhislimbsandbeganhealingfasterthanexpected.“Newdoctorsandnursescameineverysixor12hours,andtheycouldn’tbelieveIwasmobile,”herecalled.“TheyweredelightedtoseethatIhadnarrowlyescapedparalysis.Itwasamazing.IspentsixdaysintheICU,thenwenthomewearingabraceforfiveweeks.”Justfivedayslater,hesharedhisexperienceInstagram,reflectingonhisclosecallwithparalysis.Growingup,Schulmanwasinspiredbyhisfather’sloveforrunning,frequentlyattendingNewCityMarathonfinishlineswithhim.Althoughhedidn’tstartrunningcompetitivelyuntillaterinlife,hecompletedfivemarathons,achievingapersonalbestof2:58Afterhisaccident,Schulmanfaceduncertaintyaboutparticipatingin第8頁/共28頁theupcomingNYCMarathon.However,hisfriendFrancescoMagisano,ablindathlete,encouragedhimtoguidehimintherace.hisrecoveryprogressingwell,Schulmanrealizedhecouldbothparticipateandhelpsomeoneelseachievetheirmarathongoals.Andhedidit!“Mywholelife,I’vewishedIwerefitterandstronger,”hesaid.“ButwhenIdiscoveredrunning,IknewthisiswhatIlove.Lifeisagift,andsotooistherunninglife.”ThisSunday,withhisfamilyandhisfriendwaitingtocheerhimon,agratefulSchulmangetstorunthemarathonforthesixthtime,onestepatatime.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“closecall”inparagraph3mean?A.Aminorinjury.B.Anearmiss.C.Anunexpectedencounter.D.Aplannedevent.25.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatmotivatedSchulmantorunagain?A.Hisgoaltobreakapersonalrecord.BHisdesiretoprovehimselftohisfamily.C.Hisfriend’srequesttoleadhimthroughtherace.D.Hischildhoodmemoriesofrunningwithhisfather.26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeSchulman?A.Quietandconsiderate.B.Strictandproductive.C.Humorousandgenerous.D.Determinedandhelpful.27.WhatmessagedoesSchulman’sstoryconvey?A.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Goodthingscometothosewhowait.D.Whatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyoustronger.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述NevSchulman熱愛跑步，曾取得不錯(cuò)成績。某天騎車接兒子時(shí)遭遇嚴(yán)重事故，脖子骨折但四肢恢復(fù)良好。事故后，盲人朋友FrancescoMagisano鼓勵(lì)他在比賽中為自己引路，他決定恢復(fù)跑步并幫助他人實(shí)現(xiàn)馬拉松目標(biāo)，最終第六次參加馬拉松。【24題詳解】TheyweredelightedtoseethatIhadnarrowlyescapedparalysis.(她們很高興看到我逃第9頁/共28頁脫癱瘓)”可知，作者遭遇嚴(yán)重事故但奇跡般地沒有受到更嚴(yán)重傷害，幸免于癱瘓，由此可推測“closecall”Anear-miss(幸免，差點(diǎn)出事)”符合語境。故選B?！?5題詳解】However,hisfriendFrancescoMagisano,ablindathlete,encouragedhimtoguidehimintherace.hisrecovery,hedecidedtoparticipateandhelpsomeoneelseachievetheirmarathongoals(然而，他的朋友弗朗切斯科·馬吉薩諾（FrancescoMagisano）是一名盲人運(yùn)動(dòng)員，他鼓勵(lì)舒曼在比賽中引導(dǎo)他。隨著舒爾曼的恢復(fù)進(jìn)展順利，他意識(shí)到自己既可以參賽，又可以幫助他人實(shí)現(xiàn)馬拉松目標(biāo)。)”可知，是他朋友請求他在比賽中引導(dǎo)自己，這激勵(lì)了他再次跑步。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Afterhisaccident,SchulmanfaceduncertaintyaboutparticipatingintheupcomingNYCMarathon.However,hisfriendFrancescoMagisano,ablindathlete,encouragedhimtoguidehimintherace.hisrecoveryprogressingwell,Schulmanrealizedhecouldbothparticipateandhelpsomeoneelseachievetheirmarathongoals.Andhedidit!(在事故之后，舒爾曼面臨著是否能參加即將到來的紐約馬拉松的不確定性。然而，他的朋友弗朗切斯科·馬吉薩諾（FrancescoMagisano）是一名盲人運(yùn)動(dòng)員，他鼓勵(lì)舒爾曼在比賽中引導(dǎo)他。隨著舒爾曼的恢復(fù)進(jìn)展順利，他意識(shí)到自己既可以參賽，又可以幫助別人實(shí)現(xiàn)馬拉松目標(biāo)。他做到了！)”可知，他遭遇嚴(yán)重事故后很快恢復(fù)并再次參加馬拉松，體現(xiàn)了他的“Determined(堅(jiān)定的)”；同時(shí)他幫助盲人朋友實(shí)現(xiàn)馬拉松目標(biāo)，體現(xiàn)了他的“Helpful(樂于助人的)”。故選D?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，Schulman遭遇嚴(yán)重事故，但沒有被打倒，反而恢復(fù)后繼續(xù)追求自己熱愛的馬拉松并幫助他人，體現(xiàn)了“Whatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyoustronger.(沒有殺死你的東西會(huì)讓你更強(qiáng)大)”。ABC選D。CInnorthernAustralia,freshwatercrocodilepopulationshavedroppedby70%duetocanetoads,akindofsuper-poisonoustoad(毒蟾蜍)introducedtotheregiondecadesago.GeorgiaaconservationscientistatMacquarieUniversity,haswitnessedthecrocodiles’sufferingfirsthand.“Theygointopainfulseizuresbeforedyingquickly,”shedescribes.Thedeclineincrocodilenumberscreatessignificantecologicalgaps,leadingtoincreasedpredatorpopulationsanddisturbedbirdnesting.InastudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,andherteamfoundawaytoreducecrocodiledeathratesby95%usinganovelapproach:feedingthemchangeddeadcanetoads第10頁/共28頁thatcausefoodpoisoning.Thismethodmadethecrocodilestoassociatethetoadswithdiscomfort,preventingthemfromfutureencounters.CanetoadswereintroducedtoAustraliain1935,initiallytocontrolpestbeetles.However,theyquicklymultipliedintoaninvasive(侵入的)species,nownumberingaround200million.Theirpoisonshaveprovendeadlytovariousnativeanimals,particularlycrocodiles,especiallyduringthedryseasonwhenwaterholesbecomesmaller.preventtheseencounters,andherteamchangedcanetoadsbyremovingthemostpoisonouspartsandinjectingnausea-inducing(引起惡心的)substances.Theresultswerepromising:crocodileslearnedtoavoidthetoads.InDangguGeikieGorgeNationalPark,wherethetoadshadarrivedtwoyearsprior,theteamreporteda95%decreaseindeathrates.Incontrast,anearbycontrolareawithoutinterventionscontinuedtoseeincreasingdeathrate.DaveGarshelis,abearconservationist,applaudsthestudy.“It’saprettyeffectivewayofsavingthesecrocodilesfromdeath,”hesays.However,hewarnsthatthistraininghastobedoneoverandoverandoveragain,asheexperiencedwithblackbears.however,pointedoutthatthecrocodiles’deathratesremainedlowthroughoutthetwo-yearstudy.Sheseesthisasaneffectivetemporarysolution—onethatmanagesthecoexistenceofcrocodilesandcanetoads.It’spartofagrowingfieldcalledconservationbehaviorthatamorehumaneapproachthankillinginvasivespecies.28.WhatdoweknowaboutfreshwatercrocodilesinnorthernAustralia?A.Theirpopulationshaveincreasedsignificantly.B.They’reintroducedtotheregiondecadesago.C.Theirdeclineimprovestheecosystembalance.D.Theyfrompainfuldeathsduetocanetoads.29.WhydoestheauthormentionthehistoryofcanetoadsinParagraph3?A.discusspestcontrolmethods.B.suggestthattheyshouldbekilled.C.stressthegrowthoftheirpopulation.D.illustratethethreatsofinvasivespecies.30.Whatwastheresultoftheinterventionsinthepark?A.Birdnestingimprovedgreatly.B.Thenumberoftoadsincreased.第11頁/共28頁C.Crocodiledeathsdecreasedsharply.D.Moretoadswereconsumedbycrocodiles.31.WhatisDaveGarshelis’attitudetowardstudy?A.Supportivebutcautious.B.Hopefulbutpuzzled.CCuriousbutcritical.D.Enthusiasticbutuncertain.【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要探討了澳大利亞北部淡水鱷因入侵物種——甘蔗蟾蜍而遭受的嚴(yán)重威脅，以及科學(xué)家們?yōu)榻鉀Q這一問題所采取的創(chuàng)新方法?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InnorthernAustralia,freshwatercrocodilepopulationshavedroppedby70%duetocanetoads,akindofsuper-poisonoustoad(毒蟾蜍)introducedtotheregiondecadesago.GeorgiaaconservationscientistatMacquarieUniversity,haswitnessedthecrocodiles’sufferingfirsthand.“Theygointopainfulseizuresbeforedyingquickly,”shedescribes.(70%·沃德-費(fèi)爾親眼目睹了鱷魚的痛苦?！八鼈儠?huì)在死亡前經(jīng)歷痛苦的抽搐，”她描述道。)70%，鱷魚因毒蟾蜍而遭受痛苦，最終迅速死亡。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“CanetoadswereintroducedtoAustraliain1935,initiallytocontrolpestbeetles.However,theyquicklymultipliedintoaninvasive(侵入的)species,nownumberingaround200million.Theirpoisonshaveprovendeadlytovariousnativeanimals,particularlycrocodiles,especiallyduringthedryseasonwhenwaterholesbecomesmaller.(蔗蟾于1935年被引入澳大利亞，最初是為了控制害蟲甲蟲。然而，它們迅速繁殖成為一種入侵物種，如今數(shù)量已達(dá)到約2億。它們的毒素已被證明對(duì)許多本土動(dòng)物致命，尤其是鱷魚，尤其是在旱季，水洼變小的時(shí)候。)”可知，本段講述了毒蟾蜍的引入，以及它們的迅速繁殖，成為入侵物種，對(duì)許多本地動(dòng)物（尤其是鱷魚）造成致命威脅。因此推斷這段內(nèi)容的目的是為了說明入侵物種的威脅。故選D。【30題詳解】InDangguGeikieGorgeNationalPark,wherethetoadshadarrivedtwoyearsprior,theteamreporteda95%decreaseindeathrates.Incontrast,anearbycontrolareawithoutinterventionscontinued第12頁/共28頁toseeincreasingdeathrate.(當(dāng)DangguGeikieGorge亡率下降了95%。相比之下，附近沒有干預(yù)措施的控制區(qū)的死亡率繼續(xù)上升。)”可知，在DangguGeikieGorge95%C。【31題詳解】DaveGarshelis,abearconservationist,applaudsthestudy.“It’saprettyeffectivewayofsavingthesecrocodilesfromdeath,”hesays.However,hewarnsthatthistraininghastobedoneoverandoverandoveragain,asheexperiencedwithblackbears.(熊類保護(hù)專家戴夫·)·種訓(xùn)練需要反復(fù)進(jìn)行。這表明他支持這項(xiàng)研究，但同時(shí)提醒需要謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待。故選A。DAsCaliforniashiftstowardsrenewableenergysources,thestatefacessignificantchallengesinpowerstorageforitselectricgrid(電網(wǎng)).Solarpowerdropsatnightanddeclinesinwinter,whilewindenergyflows.Consequently,thestatedependsheavilyonnaturalgastobalancehighsandlowsofrenewablepower.Robertachemistryprofessor,highlightstheneedforeffectivestoragesolutions.“Theelectricgridusesenergyattherateyougenerateit,andifyou’renotusingitatthattime,andyoucan’tstoreit,youmustthrowitaway.”tacklethisissue,teamisdevelopingliquidorganichydrogencarriers(LOHCs),atechnologyforstoringrenewableenergyinliquidfuels.LOHCscanserveas“l(fā)iquidbatteries,”capableofstoringandreleasinghydrogenthroughcatalysts(催化劑)andhightemperatures.Theirstudy,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety,presentsanewcatalyticsystemforstoringelectricalenergyinliquidfuelwithoutproducinggaseoushydrogen.Theyfocusonsubstanceslikeisopropanol,commonlyknownasrubbingalcohol,ascomponentsinhydrogenstoragesystems.Isopropanolcanserveasahigh-densityliquidformofhydrogen,makingiteasiertotransportandstoreuntilneeded.Whenusedinfuelcells,itcanreleasehydrogenwithoutproducingcarbondioxide.Butcurrentmethodsforproducingisopropanolusingelectricityareinefficient.hydrogengasisproducedfromwaterbeforebeingconverted(轉(zhuǎn)換)intoisopropanol,butthisprocessisnotidealduetohydrogen’slowenergydensity.emphasizestheneedforamethodtodirectlyproduceisopropanolwithoutgeneratinghydrogengas.LeadauthorDanielMarronaddressedthisbydevelopingacatalystsystemthatcombines第13頁/共28頁protonsandelectronswithacetonetoselectivelyproduceisopropanolwithoutgeneratinghydrogengas,usingiridiumasthecatalyst.Theteamisalsoexploringmoreabundant,non-preciousmetalcatalystslikeiron,tomakefutureLOHCsystemsmoreaffordableandexpandable.“Thisisfundamentalscience,butwethinkwehaveanewstrategyformoreselectivestorageofelectricalenergyinliquidfuels,”said“Whenthere’sextraenergy,youstoreitasisopropanolandconvertitbacktoelectricitywhenneeded.”32.Whyisthereanurgentneedforeffectivestoragesolutions?A.removetheuseoffossilfuels.B.maintainasteadysupplyofnaturalgas.C.managethevariablenatureofrenewableenergy.D.increasethegenerationofsolarandwindenergy.33.Whatisakeyfeatureofthenewcatalyticsysteminthestudy?A.Itusespreciousmetalsascatalysts.B.Itgenerateshydrogengasefficiently.C.Itoperateseffectivelyatlowtemperatures.D.Itstoresenergywithouthydrogengeneration.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theteamintendstoreduceexpenses.B.Ironworksbetterthanpreciousmetals.C.LOHCsystemsarealreadywidelyused.D.Extraenergyiswastedincurrentsystems.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ALiquidBatteryAdvance.B.ChallengesinSolarandEnergy.C.ABreakthroughinEnergyStorage.D.ImpactsofNaturalGasonEnergyStorage.【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.A【解析】Robert團(tuán)隊(duì)在開發(fā)液態(tài)有機(jī)氫載體（LOHCs）方面所取得的進(jìn)展。第14頁/共28頁【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AsCaliforniashiftstowardsrenewableenergysources,thestatefacessignificantchallengesinpowerstorageforitselectricgrid(電網(wǎng)).Solarpowerdropsatnightanddeclinesinwinter,whilewindenergyflows.Consequently,thestatedependsheavilyonnaturalgastobalancehighsandlowsofrenewablepower.(隨著加州轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源，該州在電網(wǎng)的電力儲(chǔ)存方面面臨著重大挑戰(zhàn)。太陽能在晚上下降，在冬季減少，而風(fēng)能則是不穩(wěn)定的。因此，該州嚴(yán)重依賴天然氣來平衡可再生能源的高低波動(dòng))”和第二段中“Robertachemistryprofessor,highlightstheneedforeffectivestoragesolutions.(化學(xué)教授Robert強(qiáng)調(diào)了有效儲(chǔ)存解決方案的必要性)”可知，第一段提到加州轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源后面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，即可再生能源的多變性，如太陽能夜間下降，冬季減少，風(fēng)能的流動(dòng)也不穩(wěn)定。由此可知，迫切需要有效的存儲(chǔ)解決方案是為了管理可再生能源的多變性。故選C。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theirstudy,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety,presentsanewcatalyticsystemforstoringelectricalenergyinliquidfuelwithoutproducinggaseoushydrogen.(他們發(fā)表在《美國化學(xué)會(huì)志》上的研究提出了一種新的催化系統(tǒng)，可以在不產(chǎn)生氣態(tài)氫的情況下將電能儲(chǔ)存在液體燃料中)”可知，研究中新的催化系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵特征是它在不產(chǎn)生氫氣的情況下儲(chǔ)存能量。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theteamisalsoexploringmoreabundant,non-preciousmetalcatalystslikeiron,tomakefutureLOHCsystemsmoreaffordableandexpandable.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)還在探索更豐富、更廉價(jià)的非貴金屬催LOHC系統(tǒng)更經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠、更具可擴(kuò)展性)”可知，從最后一段可以推斷出該團(tuán)隊(duì)打算降低成本。故選A?！?5題詳解】Robert團(tuán)隊(duì)在開發(fā)液態(tài)有機(jī)氫LOHCsLOHCs可以作為一種“液態(tài)電池”，能夠在催化劑和高溫的作用下儲(chǔ)存和釋放氫氣。因此，選項(xiàng)A“液態(tài)電池的進(jìn)步”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主題，是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）Whenyouhaveafixedmindset,youlimityourpotentialbecauseofyourbeliefs.Apersonwithafixedmindsetbelievesthatself-improvementishopeless,andyoucan’timproveyourabilities.____36____Herearesomestrategiestohelpyouovercomethefixedmindset.第15頁/共28頁·withyourlearningstyleunderstandinformationaccordingtoyourpreferredlearningstyle.maybeunawareofwhatitis,butyouwillunconsciouslyexpresspreferences.maychoosediagramstowordsorlisteningtoseeing.____37____Mostpeoplehaveamixoflearningstyles,buteveryonehasstrongpreferences.Therefore,youcanlearnnewskillswithanapproachthatfeelsnaturaltoyou.·RewardbehaviornotpeopleWhenpeoplepraiseyoubecauseyouare“smart”,itimpliesthatyoupossessthefixedqualityofbeing“smart.”Forexample,ifyousolveapuzzlequickly,andsomeonesays,aresosmart,”itmightleadyoutobelievethatyoursuccessisduetoyourinherentintelligence.____38____·Capturetheday’slessonsBeforegoingtobed,sit,andreflectonwhatyouhavelearnedsoyoucanabsorbthatknowledge.Aftertheday’sjourneyends,youcansitquietlyandthinkorrecordyourexperiencesinajournal.____39____Aneveningreflectionletsyouplantodobetterthefollowingday,soyoucontinuallyrefineyourmethodsforachievingsuccess.·Don’treinventthewheel____40____Ifsomeonejumpsayoudon’tneedtodothesame.Ifyouseesomeonehasmadeamistake,itisanopportunitytoavoidmakingthatmistakeyourself.learnthelessonsofhistory,sowedon’tmakethemistakeofrepeatingthem.A.Itisnotpossibleforyoutomakeachange.B.Staypositiveandlearnfromyourmistakes.C.Thereisnoneedtorepeatotherpeople’smistakes.D.Butyoucanbreakfreeoftheboxandchangeyourmindset.E.Alternatively,youmayneedhands-onexperiencethroughpracticalclasses.F.mayalsoneedtimetoreviewwhatworksandwhatneedsanewapproach.G.Meanwhile,thiscanovershadowtheimportanceofhardworkandthelearningprocess.【答案】36.D37.E38.G39.F40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些克服固定思維的策略?！?6題詳解】上文“Whenyouhaveafixedmindset,youlimityourpotentialbecauseofyourbeliefs.Apersonwithafixedmindsetbelievesthatself-improvementishopeless,andyoucan’timproveyourabilities.(當(dāng)你持有固定型思維模第16頁/共28頁式時(shí)，你會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕男拍疃拗谱约旱臐摿?。具有固定型思維的人認(rèn)為自我提升是毫無希望的，并且認(rèn)為自己的能力無法得到提高)”指出固定思維模式的缺點(diǎn)，下文“Herearesomestrategiestohelpyouovercomethefixedmindset.(以下是一些幫助你克服固定思維的策略)知，空處應(yīng)該指出我們要打破固定思維，D項(xiàng)“但你可以打破思維定勢，改變自己的心態(tài)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引起下文，故選D?！?7題詳解】上文“understandinformationaccordingtoyourpreferredlearningstyle.maybeunawareofwhatitis,butyouwillunconsciouslyexpresspreferences.maychoosediagramstowordsorlisteningtoseeing.(你根據(jù)自己的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格來理解信息。你可能不知道這是什么，但你會(huì)無意識(shí)地表達(dá)偏好。你可能會(huì)選擇圖表而不是文字，聽而不是看)”指出改變學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的一些具體做法，空處也應(yīng)是一些方法，E項(xiàng)“或者，你可能需要通過實(shí)踐課程獲得動(dòng)手經(jīng)驗(yàn)”進(jìn)一步舉例說明了不同的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格偏好，與上文列舉的偏好相呼應(yīng)，符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“Forexample,ifyousolveapuzzlequickly,andsomeonesays,aresosmart,”itmightleadyoutobelievethatyoursuccessisduetoyourinherentintelligence.(例如，如果你快速解決了一個(gè)謎題，有人稱贊你“你真聰明”，你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為你的成