Unit1ArtLearningAboutLanguage動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)課件-高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

Unit1ArtGrammar(不定式做表語(yǔ))不定式充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)主動(dòng)將要?jiǎng)釉~不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，不能在句中單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。3.動(dòng)詞不定式也具有非動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)n./adj./adv.可以在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。4.動(dòng)詞不定式有形式的變化，即一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動(dòng)式。判斷下列句子中不定式所作的成分：1.Toseeistobelieve.2.Wecan’tafforttobuythishouse.3.Hisdreamistobecomeascientist.4.Ineedapentowritewith.5.Toacquireknowledge,onemuststudy.6.Shehelpedchildrentoattendtheschools.主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)不定式的形式：肯定：todo；否定：nottodo

Shesleptdownstairsinordernottodisturbhisson.

Presentation(Whatisit?)1.AsIplaygamesallday,myeyesightgetsworseandworse.2.Subsequently,Ibecomeaninfluentialperson.3.WhatIlikeisinvesting.4.Thegoodnewswasthatshepassedtheexam.5.Thebestwaytounderstanditistolookatthedevelopment.什么可以用作表語(yǔ)？常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞/感官動(dòng)詞/變得become,turn,go,get/

保持keep,remain,stay/似乎seemtodo/證明provetodo1.結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)詞不定式可放在

be和become,sound,taste等__________后

面作表語(yǔ)，由“todo”構(gòu)成。2.時(shí)態(tài)

動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果不定式和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系應(yīng)使用__________如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系應(yīng)該使用___________。例1：Hisgoalis_____________

(be)avolunteeratthelocalhospitalinthecomingholidays.例2：Hisgoalis______________(admit)intoPekingUniversitythissummer.動(dòng)詞不定式系動(dòng)詞tobecometobeadmitted

todotobedone1.主語(yǔ)通常是

suggestion,advice,proposal,aim,goal,purpose,plan,ambition,idea,intention,way,dream,duty,task,wish,hope等表示意向、打算、計(jì)劃的詞，一般用不定式作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。Her

wish

is

to

be

a

teacher.Thedutyofsoldiersistodefendtheircountry.有時(shí)根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，在作表語(yǔ)的不定式前，添加疑問(wèn)代詞/副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等,構(gòu)成“疑問(wèn)詞+todo”作表語(yǔ)。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)Presentation(Whentouseit?)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為(1)目的(purpose,goal,dream,ambition);(2)事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果、不幸的命運(yùn)或預(yù)言;(3)同意、計(jì)劃安排(plan)、命令(order)、決定(desicion)、勸告、意愿(intention,wish)、禁止(ban,prohibition)、方式方法(way)注意：(1)具體的或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作(idea,task,duty);(2)前主語(yǔ)有do,后表語(yǔ)無(wú)to;

(3)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是動(dòng)詞時(shí),可以都用不定式(也可以都用動(dòng)名詞)形成前后對(duì)稱;不可以一個(gè)用不定式,另一個(gè)用動(dòng)名詞.1結(jié)構(gòu)am/is/are/was/were+不定式Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.2功能（1）表示目的Thenextstepistounderstandexactlywhatconveysinthecontemporarypainting.（2）表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果及預(yù)言Youmustspeakout，ifwearetoremainfriends.Webelievemanistoliveabetterlifeinthefuture.

不定式作表語(yǔ)（3）用于第一人稱疑問(wèn)句，表示征求意見(jiàn)WhatamItodoifIcan’tgainentrytothefinal?（4）用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于should，具有情態(tài)意義Thesebooksofgreatvaluearenottobesold.（5）表示“安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等IamtosetoutforChinanextweek.下周我要?jiǎng)由淼街袊?guó)去。（安排）Youaretohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.你應(yīng)該和他們當(dāng)面談一談。（勸告）Childrenarenottosmoke.兒童不準(zhǔn)吸煙。（禁止）

1.Nowyourfirstimportanttaskis____________________(take)goodcareofthewoundedsoldiers.

2.WhenIsawhimatthatmoment,heseemed_______________(read)anovel.

3.Whattheboys’parentstoldthemjustnowwas_________________(notplay)inthestreet.Itwastoodangerous.

4.Somethingproved_______________(go)wrongwiththatengine.

5.Thepurposeofdevelopingnewtechnologiesis___________(make)lifeeasier.

to

taketo

be

readingnot

to

playto

have

goneto

makePractice(導(dǎo)學(xué)案P99)Practice6.Whatweneedtodoatthiscriticalmomentis_________(stay)athomeandnotmeetpeopleface-to-face.

7.Thedutyofsoldiersis_____________(defend)theirmotherland.

8.Whethertoparticipateinthatcompetitionremains___________________(discuss)anddecided.

9.Thereisafamoussaying,“Toseeis_____________(believe).”

10.Allthemembersinthatfamilyseem____________________(be)illalready.

stayto

defendto

be

discussedto

believeto

have

beenMatchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethekeywordsofthesubjectineachsentence.1.Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwas2.Thebestwaytodobusinessis3.WhatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowasA.tobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclient.Btoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.C.tobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosavedtheirlives.D.tosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfans.adj.永久的;長(zhǎng)久的adj.紀(jì)念的n.紀(jì)念碑;紀(jì)念品4Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis5Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas6Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe7Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis8Themotherbelievesherdutyis9AllhewantedafteratiringdaywasBtoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.E.tobeleftalone.F.tocriticize

otherpeople.G.toinspirestudentstobecreative.H.tolistentoyourowninnervoice.I.toraisehersontobecomeamanwithanoblemindandagenerousheart.adj.謙遜的;虛心的v.批評(píng);評(píng)價(jià)Practice1.Hisdreamis_________________________________________.

他的夢(mèng)想是有一天能成為一名偉大的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。2.LiHuaseemed_________________________beforehecamehere.

李華似乎在來(lái)這兒之前就已經(jīng)感冒了。3.Herplan_______________________soonerorlater.

她的計(jì)劃遲早是要失敗的。to

become

a

great

football

player

one

dayto

have

caught

a

coldis

to

be

a

failurePractice(導(dǎo)學(xué)案P99)4.Thegoalofthisactivityis________________________________.

這個(gè)活動(dòng)的目的是滿足普通人的需求。5.Herworkis_______________________________intheresthomeeveryday.

她的工作是每天為養(yǎng)老院的老人清掃房間。to

meet

the

needs

of

common

peopleto

clean

the

rooms

for

the

old討論歸納一：主語(yǔ)是以________________,_________,aim,duty,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan等為中心的名詞詞組時(shí)，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，一般用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)表示其內(nèi)容。1.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternart

is

tolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternart

wastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.thebestwaytodopurpose動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)的用法討論歸納二：動(dòng)詞不定式在表語(yǔ)中表示______。目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowwhatisneeded.1.Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.2.Tolearnalanguageistouseit.討論歸納三：主語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，表語(yǔ)往往是_______。不定式

前是條件，后是結(jié)果。Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.workingtomaketoselltoraise/raisingteachingtooffertobetopursuefollowing/follow1.all作主句主語(yǔ),其后的定語(yǔ)從句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)。Allweneedtodoisliveeachdaywithhope.2.what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ),從句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)。

WhatIwanttodoistakeaholidayrightaway.3.(主句)主語(yǔ)被only,

first,

one,

least或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾,

且其后作定語(yǔ)的從句或短語(yǔ)中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)。

Intheeveningtheonlythinghedidwasreadthe

newspaper.動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作表語(yǔ)省略to的情況Presentation(What’sthedifference?)1.Investingismyfavouritething.2.WhatIlike

isinvesting.3.Tolearnaskill

isveryimportantforeveryoneinsociety.什么可以用作主語(yǔ)？動(dòng)詞Ing做主語(yǔ)表示一般性、抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的行為；動(dòng)詞todo做主語(yǔ)表示一次性、具體的、將要發(fā)生的行為。Presentation(形式主語(yǔ))It作形式主語(yǔ)常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Itis/was+adj.+forsbtodosth.2.Itis/was+adj.+ofsbtodosth.3.Itis/was+(a/an)+n.+todosth.4.Ittakes/costsbsometime/moneytodosth.1.Mychiefendis__________________andmypeople.

我的首要目標(biāo)是為國(guó)為民服務(wù)。2.Kurzsaystheaimis________________________orsneezingonothersandinfectingthem.

庫(kù)爾茨說(shuō),目標(biāo)是為了防止人們朝著他人咳嗽或打噴嚏并感染他人。3.Thebestwaytoaccomplishthisgoalis__________________________.

實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的最好辦法是盡量多團(tuán)結(jié)人。4.Theirpurpose_______________________andastrongeconomy.

他們的目的是要建立一個(gè)公平的社會(huì)和一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體。toservemycountrytopreventpeoplecoughingtouniteasmanypeopleaspossibleistobuildafairsociety5.我建議馬上開(kāi)始工作.WhatIsuggest

_______________atonce.6.她應(yīng)該為所發(fā)生的事情受到責(zé)備。

_________________forwhathashappened.7.你要做的事情是面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。

Whatyouneedtodo________________.8.她的愛(ài)好之一是集郵.

Oneofherhobbies_____________________.SheistoblameisfacethefactsiscollectingstampsistostartworkWorkbookexerciseRewriteeachsentenceusingtheinfinitiveasthepredicative.1Ifyoureallywanttolearndriving,goingtoadrivingschoolmightbethebestchoice.(myadviceis...)→Ifyouwanttolearndriving,myadviceistogotoadrivingschool2Heboughtthecomputerjustbecausehewouldratherworkathomethangototheoffice.(Thereasonthat...)3Doingdeepbreathingexercisesfortenminutescanmakeyoufeelmorerelaxed.(Agoodwaytorelaxis...)Thereasonthatheboughtthecomputerwastoworkathomeratherthangototheoffice.Agoodwaytorelaxistododeepbreathingexercisesfortenminutes.Rewriteeachsentenceusingtheinfinitiveasthepredicative.4ThisyearIhopeIcanachievemygoalofperformingaflutesolo(獨(dú)奏)attheschoolsartfestival.(Mygoalthisyearis...)5Totellyouthetruth,ItakeyogaclassessimplybecauseIwanttostayinshape.(...,mypurpose...)6Withhiscarstuckinthesn