全國英語競賽《B類英語專業(yè)》考前點題卷一

全國英語競賽《B類英語專業(yè)》考前點題卷一[單選題]1.SectionA(10points)Therearetenincompletesentencesinthissection.For（江南博哥）eachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosingtheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Franklyspeaking,I’dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.didn’tdoB.haven’tdoneC.don’tdoD.havedone正確答案：A參考解析：句意：坦白說，我寧愿你當時什么都沒做。forthetimebeing是過去時態(tài)的標志，所以句子采用過去時。[單選題]3.______herpeninink,whensheheardthetrampingoflittlefeetalongthehall,andthenapoundingatherdoor.A.NosoonerhasshedippedB.ScarcelyhadshedippedC.AssoonasshehaddippedD.Hardlyshehasdipped正確答案：B參考解析：句意：她剛剛把鋼筆沾上墨水，她就聽見有人跑過走廊的聲音，然后門關上了。scarcely…when…與hardly…when…以及nosooner…when…等都表示“一…就…。”但是當這三個詞位于句首時，句子要采用倒裝形式，因此排除C、D兩項，應采用過去完成時態(tài)。[單選題]5.______youropinionsareworthconsidering,thecommitteefindsitunwisetoplacetoomuchimportanceonthem.A.AsB.SinceC.ProvidedD.While正確答案：D參考解析：句意：雖然你的意見很值得考慮，但是委員會認為太重視它們是不明智的。從句意可知主句和從句是轉折關系，而四個選項中只有D項表示轉折，故選D項。[單選題]6.______becauseofthecomplexityofhiswriting,HenryJamesneverbecameapopularauthor,buthisworksareadmiredbycriticsandotherwriters.A.ItmaybeB.WhyisitC.BesidesD.Perhaps正確答案：D參考解析：句意：或許是因為亨利·詹姆斯的作品很復雜，他從未成為一名受大眾喜歡的作家，但他的作品卻為批評家和其他作家稱贊。由句意可知，前面僅為一種猜測，故應使用perhaps或許。beside此外，而且。[單選題]7.NicolewantstoattendYale,butherparentsdon'twantto______$100,000forthetuition.A.payoffB.shelloutC.mountupD.throwdown正確答案：B參考解析：句意：尼克爾想進入耶魯大學，但她的父母不想支付10萬美金的學費。shellout支付；提供。payoff還清。mountup增長。throwdown推翻；扔掉。[單選題]8.Gavin:Thatmealwasabsolutelydelicious,Fiona.Thanks.Fiona:I’mgladyouenjoyedit.______?Gavin:Nothanks,butI’dloveacoffee,ifit’snotrouble.Fiona:Notatall.I’llputthekettleon.A.Wouldyoulikesomemoredessert?B.Wouldyoulikeacoffee?C.Haveyouhadenoughdessert?D.Didyouenjoythedessert?正確答案：A參考解析：由Gavin后面的回答Nothanks，可知Fiona在要求Gavin多吃點，所以A選項符合題意。[單選題]9.Lucy:So______Evan:Well,sheexaminedme.Sheputathermometerinmymouthandtookmytemperature.Shesaiditwasnormal.Lucy:Didshelistentoyourchest?A.howdidtheteacherreact?B.whatdidthedoctordo?C.whydidsheexamineyou?D.didshelistentoyou?正確答案：B參考解析：從Evan的回答是有關醫(yī)生在檢查病人的身體，可知Lucy的問話應該是“醫(yī)生是怎樣檢查你的身體的”。所以B選項符合題意。[單選題]10.Alf:Ikeepgettingtoothache.Doctor:Isee.______Alf:Overaweekago.AndI’vegotearache,too,inmyleftear.Doctor:Well,I’llhavealookatit.A.You’llhavetoseethedentistaboutthat.B.Well,letmeexaminethemforyou.C.Whendiditstart?D.I’msorrytohearthat.正確答案：C參考解析：由Alf下面的回答“一個星期多了”，醫(yī)生的問話應該是“從什么時候開始的”。[單選題]11.SectionB(5points)Inthissection,therearefiveincompletestatementsorquestionsaboutEnglishspeakingcountries.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethemostsuitable

answerfromthegivenchoices.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.ThemostpopulouscityinNewZealandis______.A.WellingtonB.AucklandC.ChristchurchD.Dunedin正確答案：B參考解析：新西蘭人口最多的城市是Auckland（奧克蘭）。Wellington（惠靈頓）是首都。Christchurch（克萊斯特徹奇）和Dunedin（達尼?。┦莾蓚€港口城市。[單選題]12.Womenattheageof______andmenattheageof______areentitledtoastateretirementpensioninBritain.A.50，55B.55，60C.60，65D.65，70正確答案：C參考解析：在英國，女性年滿60周歲，男性年滿65周歲便有權領受國家退休金。[單選題]13.TheU.S.President’sappointmentshavetobeapprovedby______A.theHouseofRepresentativesB.theSenateC.theCabinetD.theSupremeCourt正確答案：B參考解析：美國憲法規(guī)定總統(tǒng)僅可在得到參議院建議與認可后任命人事。須得參議院認可的政府職位包括內閣閣員、聯(lián)邦行政部門首長、大使、最高法院大法官與聯(lián)邦法院。theHouseofRepresentatives眾議院。theCabinet內閣。theSupremeCourt最高法院。[單選題]14.______issometimescalledthebirthplaceofAmerica.A.TheMidwestB.TheGreatPlainsC.NewEnglandD.TheSouth正確答案：C參考解析：新英格蘭包括美國東北部的六個州——馬薩諸塞州、康涅狄格州、佛蒙特州、新罕布什爾州、緬因州和地域狹小的羅得島州。它是美國擺脫英國統(tǒng)治而獨立的誕生地。[單選題]15.______isthehomeofthespacecenterintheU.S.A.HoustonB.DallasC.NewOrleansD.Miami正確答案：A參考解析：約翰遜航天中心位于美國得克薩斯州休斯敦市東南部，是美國載人航天飛機的研發(fā)基地和控制中樞，也是美國最大的太空研究中心。[問答題]1.SectionAEnglish-ChineseTranslation(5points)Directions：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Privatesystems,commoninEurope,arestillfairlyrareinthedevelopingworld.Whenwellmanaged,theycanworkwell.Unfortunately,therushtoprivatizehasgreatlyoutstrippedthepublicinterest.Thisisinpartbecauseofpressurefromthewaterindustry,whichislargelyEuropean.正確答案：私營供水系統(tǒng)在歐洲十分普遍，但在發(fā)展中國家仍十分罕見。私營系統(tǒng)若管理得當，可以運轉得很好。但不幸的是，匆忙推行的私有化在很大程度上忽視了公眾利益范圍。這部分是因為來自主要由歐洲人經營的供水業(yè)方面的壓力。[問答題]2.SectionBChinese-EnglishTranslation(10points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.像針尖上的一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在時間流里，沒有聲音，也沒有痕跡。(slipaway)正確答案：Thedaysofmylifehaveslippedawayintothestreamoftime,silentlyandwithoutleavingatracebehind.參考解析：thestreamoftime時間的流逝。slipaway流逝。[問答題]3.人們因政府在毒品交易問題上所表現(xiàn)出的漠不關心的態(tài)度而感到擔心。(worryabout)正確答案：Peopleareworriedaboutthegovernment’sindifferentattitudetowarddrugdealing.參考解析：擔心worriedaboutsth。漠不關心的態(tài)度indifferentattitude。[問答題]4.香港特別行政區(qū)將保持自由港和獨立關稅地區(qū)的地位。(retainthestatusof)正確答案：TheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegionwillretainthestatusofafreeportandaseparatecustomsterritory.參考解析：如果把“獨立關稅地區(qū)”譯成“anindependentcustomsterritory”就是假對應?？吹健蔼毩ⅰ?，馬上想到“independent”，而這里如用“independent”，就可能被誤解為香港特別行政區(qū)是一個獨立于中國的政治實體。從上下文來說應用“separate”。[問答題]5.他們的友誼是在困難時期由于同甘苦共患難而結成的。(forge)正確答案：Theirfriendshipwasforgedbysharingcomfortsandhardshipsduringthehardtimes.參考解析：forge鑄造，形成。hardtimes困難時期。[問答題]6.他喜歡這些聚會，喜歡與年輕人交往并就各種問題交換意見。(rubshoulderswith)正確答案：Helovessuchgatheringsatwhichherubsshoulderswithyoungpeopleandexchangeopinionswiththemonvarioussubjects.參考解析：rubshoulderswith和…接觸。[問答題]7.TherearefiveIQTestquestionsinthispart.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.Whichparkhastwiceasmanyllamasasoneoftheparkshaslions?正確答案：ParkC.參考解析：題目問哪一個公園里的駱駝數(shù)是其中一個公園中獅子數(shù)的兩倍，三個公園中獅子數(shù)分別為：16，14，10，二倍為：32，28，20，根據(jù)表中數(shù)據(jù)可知公園C中駱駝數(shù)為32，正好是公園A中獅子數(shù)的兩倍，故答案為ParkC。[問答題]8.Whatisthemissingletter?正確答案：H參考解析：每個字母都有一個數(shù)字與其相對，如C=3，D=4。將每行中前兩格的字母換成相對應的數(shù)字并相乘，可得到第三格的數(shù)字，把其換成相應字母即可。[問答題]9.Hereisariddle.Iamsuspendedintheair,Itouchnothing,andIamsurroundedbylights.NowIdressmyselfafresh,andnowIamnaked,andIamintheheatandthecold,bynightandbyday.Everyoneamuseshimselfbytrampinguponme,eventheanimalsabuseandscornme,andyetIhavesuchtreasureshiddeninmybosomthathewhofindsthemIcanmakefullofhappiness.Whatistheanswertotheriddle?A.TheSun.B.TheMoon.C.TheEarth.D.TheSky.正確答案：C參考解析：這個謎語的答案主要在第三句Everyoneamuseshimselfbytrampinguponme.Trampupon的含義“在…上行走”。這段話的意思是“我懸在空中，我不與任何物體接觸，我被光所環(huán)繞。有時我穿上新衣(夏季)，有時我一絲不掛(冬季)，晝夜交替我時熱時冷。大家在我的身上走來走去來找樂趣，甚至就連動物也會取笑和藐視我。但是我的身體里蘊藏著巨大的寶藏，如果有人找到寶藏我會非常高興”。由此可以知道說的是地球，因此選擇C項。[問答題]10.SincemybirthIhavehadabirthdaycakewithcandles,oneforeachyearofmybirthdays.Todate,Ihavehad325candles.HowoldamI?A.23.B.24.C.25.D.26.正確答案：C參考解析：本題在于求解等差數(shù)列。可以設當前年齡為n，則迄今為止，我所擁有的蠟燭總數(shù)為n(n＋1)／2=325，可以解得n=25。[問答題]11.Findtwowordsthatareantonyms.Onewordreadseitherclock-wiseoranti-clockwisearoundtheoutercircleandtheotherreadsintheoppositedirectionintheinnercircle.Youmustprovidethemissingletters.正確答案：LIGHT，DARK參考解析：內圓順時針轉得dark，外圓逆時針轉得light，補充字母H。antonym反義詞。[問答題]12.TaskI(10points)Directions:ThereisanerrorinanEnglishmagazinethatyoufeelmustbecorrected.Writealettertotheeditorto1)pointoutthemistake;2)suggestthecorrection;3)expressyourinterestinthemagazine.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.NowwritetheletterontheAnswerSheet.正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：DearEditor,I’mafaithfulreaderofyourmagazine,andIhavebeenregardingitas“anappleofmyeye”.ButwhenIreadthelatestissue,Ifoundamistake,whichIfeelnecessarytopointout.OnPage9,thelinegoes“Romanwasnotbuildinaday.”Inmyopinion,theword“Roman”shouldbe“Rome”.Thesentenceisinfactanoldwesternproverbthathasarelativesettledwayofsaying,whichis“Romewasnotbuiltina/oneday”.Besidesthis,theword“Roman”isanadjective,andshouldnotbeusedasthesubjectofasentence.Andwhen“Roman”isusedasanoun,itreferstothepeopleofRome,thecountry.Thus,herethesubjectofthesentenceshouldbe“Rome”.Anyway,despitethemistake,themagazineisenjoyableasusual.Readingithasbecomeapartofmylife.Thearticlesinithavebroadenedmyhorizonandenrichedmylife.Sincerelyyours,LiMing(WordCount:166)[問答題]13.TaskII(20points)Readthefollowingpoemandwriteanessayinwhichyoudiscussitsmoralandexpressyourpersonalviews.Anythingispossible—CotneyMooreWhenIwasjustalittlegirlTryingtowalktheretohereMyparentsurged,“Anythingispossible”AndItookonemorestepnear.WhenIwasalittleolderTryingtoridemybikeMydadsaid,“Anythingispossible”AndIrodetillnight.WhenIwasinfourthgradeWithworkthatwasverynewMymomwhispered,“Anythingispossible”AndImadeitthrough.NowmysistersfacethesechallengesThatIoncewentthroughIsay“Anythingispossible”Tothemandnowtoyou.Youshouldwritenolessthan160words.NowwritetheessayontheAnswersheet.正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：Thislittlepoemtellsthereaderthatanythingispossiblewithfourexamples.Whentheauthorlearnstowalk,whenshelearnstorideabike,andwhensheisdoingschoolwork,herparentsencouragehertobebravetoovercomethesedifficulties.Thenwhenhersistersfacethesamechallenges,theauthordoesthesametothemandtothereader.Withthisnotioninmind,weshouldhaveconfidenceinourselvesandbelievethatwecandoanythingifwearediligentinenough.Afterreadingthepoem,Iamfullofcourageandenthusiasm.However,aftersecondthought,Icouldn’tagreewiththeauthor.Althoughhumanspiritisverypowerful,weshouldalsoactuponcertainrules.Withtheadvancedtechnology,wehumanbeingshavecreatedsomethingthattheancientpeoplehadneverdreamedof.However,wealsobreakthebalanceofthenatureandcauseseriousdamagestotheearth.Soweshouldhavethespiritandcouragetodosomething,butatthesametimeweshouldactuponcertainrulestoavoidtheunnecessarytrouble.共享題干題Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordusingoneofthefollowingthreemethods:accordingtothecontext,usingthecorrectformofthewordgiven,orusingthefirstletter(s)oftheword.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]1.____.正確答案：took參考解析：take與aleap搭配，意為“有飛躍，發(fā)生了一次飛躍”。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]2.____.正確答案：with參考解析：with表示“隨著”，即隨著文字的發(fā)明，幾千年前，人類文明向前躍進了一大步。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]3.____.正確答案：acquisition參考解析：acquisition獲得，acquire的名詞形式，這里指在獲取知識的過程中。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]4.____.正確答案：to參考解析：priorto在…之前，相當于before。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]5.____.正確答案：estimates參考解析：bythemostoptimisticestimates據(jù)最樂觀的估計。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]6.____.正確答案：accelerated參考解析：加速。該句譯為：歐洲出版書籍的速度在十五世紀末不超過每年l，000本，而到1950年，歐洲的出版速度急劇上升，以至于達到每年120，000本。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]7.____.正確答案：What參考解析：what引導主語從句，在主句和從句中都做成分。原句譯為：原來要花一個世紀的事現(xiàn)在只需要十個月就夠了。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]8.____.正確答案：single參考解析：single表示“僅僅一個而不是更多”，這里指就在十年后。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]9.____.正確答案：on參考解析：onascale在…范圍內，慣用搭配。Therateatwhichmanhasbeenstoringupusefulknowledgeabouthimselfandtheuniversehasbeenspiralingupwardfor10,000years.Therate(1)t____asharpupwardleapthousandsofyearsago,(2)w____theinventionofwriting,butevensoitremainedpainfullyslowovercenturiesoftime.Inknowledge(3)____(acquire)thenextgreatleapforwarddidnotoccuruntiltheinventionofmovabletypeinthefifteenthcenturybyGutenbergandothers.Prior(4)____1500,bythemostoptimistic(5)est____,Europewasproducingbooksatarateofl,000titlesperyear.Thismeansthatitwouldtakeafullcenturytoproducealibraryof100,000titles.Theratehad(6)ac____sosharplyby1950,fourandahalfcenturieslater,thatEuropewasproducing120,000titlesayear.(7)____oncetookacenturynowtookonlytenmonths.By1960,a(8)s____decadelater,theratehadmadeanothersignificantjump,sothatacentury’sworkcouldbecompletedinsevenandahalfmonths.And,theoutputofbooks(9)____aworldscalebythemidsixties,Europe(10)____(include),approachedtheremarkablefigureof1,000titlesperday.[填空題]10.____.正確答案：included參考解析：原文在計算世界書籍出版數(shù)量時，也把歐洲包括在內，因此歐洲是“被包括”在內，故使用include的過去分詞做后置定語。Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Respondtothequestionsaccordingtothepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.SectionA(5points)Directions:Thereisonepassageinthissectionwith5statements.GooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.Forquestions1-5,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AreWeManagingtoDestroyScience?[ThegovernmentinUKwasconcernedabouttheefficiencyofResearchinstitutionsandsetupaResearchAssessmentExercise(RAE)toconsiderwhatwasbeingdoneineachuniversity.ThearticlewhichfollowsisaresponsetotheimpositionoftheRAE.]Intheyearahead,theUKgovernmentisduetocarryoutthenextResearchAssessmentExercise(RAE).Thegoalofthisregularfive-yearlycheckupoftheuniversitysectoriseasytounderstand—perfection,ofakind,inpublicsectorresearch.Butperfectionextractsahighprice.InthecaseoftheRAE,oneriskattachedtothisisthecreationofatyrannicalmanagementculturethatthreatensthefutureofimaginativescience.AcademicinstitutionsarealreadypreparingfortheRAEwithsomeanxiety-understandablyso,forthefinancialconsequencesoffailurearesevere.Departmentswithacurrentratingoffourorfive(researchisratedonafivepointscale,withfivethehighest)mustmaintaintheirscoreorfaceaconsiderablelossoffunding.Meanwhile,thosewithratingsoftwoorthreearefightingfortheirsurvival.Thepressuresareforcingresearchmanagementontothedefensive.CommonstrategiesforincreasingacademicoutputincludegradingindividualresearcherseveryyearaccordingtoRAEcriteria,pressurizingthemtopublishanythingregardlessofquality,divertingfundsfromkeyandexpensivelaboratoryscienceintoareasofstudysuchasmanagement,andeventhreateningtoclosedepartments.Anotherstrategybeingreadilyadoptedistoremovescientistswhoappeartobelessactiveinresearchandreplacethemwithnew,probablyyounger,staff.AlthoughsuchmeasuresmaydeliverresultsintheRAE,theyareputtingunsustainablepressureonacademicstaff.Particularlyinsidiousisthepressuretopublish.Putsimply,RAEcommitteesinthelaboratorysciencesmustproducefourexcellentpeer-reviewedpublicationspermemberofstafftomeettheassessmentcriteria.Hencethisisbecomingaminimumrequirementforexistingmembersofstaff,andabenchmarkagainstwhichtomeasurenewrecruits.Butprolificpublicationdoesnotnecessarilyadduptogoodscience.Indeed,oneyoungresearcherwastoldinaninterviewforalectureshipthat,“althoughyourpublicationsareexcellentunfortunatelytherearenotenoughofthem.Youshouldnotworrysomuchaboutthequalityofyourpublications.”InarecentlettertoNatureIanalysedthepublicationrecordsoftensenioracademicsintheareaofmolecularmicrobiology.Allofthemarenowinveryseniorpositionsinuniversitiesorresearchinstitutes,withcareersspanningatotalof262years.AllhaveachievedconsiderablestatusandrespectwithintheUKandworldwide.However,theirearlypublicationrecordswouldprecludethemfromacademicpostsifthepresentcriteriawereapplied.Althoughthequalityoftheirworkwasclearlyoutstanding—theyinitiatednovelandperhapsriskyprojectsearlyintheircareerswhichhavesincebeenrecognisedasresearchofinternationalimportance—theygenerallyproducedfewpapersoverthefirsttenyearsaftercompletingtheirPhDs.Indeed,overthisperiod,theyhaveanaveragegapof3.8yearswithoutpublicationorproductionofacitedpaper.Inonecasetherewasafive-yeargap.Althoughtheseenquirieswerelimitedtomyownareaofresearch,itseemsthatthismodelofcareerprogressioniswidesprea