Unit4 History and TraditionsB卷綜合能力提升練（解析版）

必修Book2Unit4HistoryandTraditions

B卷?綜合能力提升練

（時間：90分鐘滿分：120分）

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（2022?重慶巴蜀中學高一期中）TheRiverNilestretchesmorethan4,000milesbetweenLakeVictoriaand

theMediterraneanSea.Outofallthatlength,therelativelyshortsectionbetweenAswanandLuxorinsouthern

Egyptisthemostfascinating.ReadonforthemaintemplestovisitonthejourneydowntheNilebetweenAswan

andLuxor.

PhilaeTemple

ThisgorgeousGreco-EgyptiantempletothegoddessIsisiseasilyreachedbyboatfromAswan.Itwastorn

apartandmovedtoitscurrentislandlocationaspartoftheUNESCOprojecttosaveNubia'sancientmonuments

fromtherisingwatersofLakeNasser.

AbuSimbel

AlthoughifsnotalongtheNilebetweenAswanandLuxor,thisstunningtempleisoftenvisitedasalongday

tripfromAswanbyairplaneorroad.Constructedaround1260BC,thetemplewasalsorescuedfromLakeNasser

bytheUNESCOproject.

EdfuTemple

Oneofbest-preservedtemplesfromancienttimes,theEdfuTempleiswheretheancientsworshipedthegodof

thesky.Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthenearbydesertandinaccessibledueto

theannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginalstate.

TempleofKarnak

ThemassiveTempleofKarnakisbothamasterpieceofancientEgyptianarchitectureandoneofthelargest

templeseverconstructedanywhereontheplanet.Itbegstwovisits:oncebydaylighttoappreciatetheengineering

andartisticbeautyoftheGreatHypostyleHallandagainafterdarkwhentheruinscomealiveduringasoundand

lightshow.

1.Whichtemplewillbeabetterchoiceifyouplantogoatnight?

A.AbuSimbel.B.EdfuTemple.C.PhilaeTemple.D.TempleofKarnak.

2.WhatdoPhilaeTempleandAbuSimbelhaveincommon?

A.Theyareusuallyreachedbyboat.B.Theyarebothlocatedonanisland.

C.Theywereonceunderthethreatoffloods.D.Theywereoncepulleddownandreconstructed.

3.WhyisEdfuTemplewellpreserved?

A.Becauseitwasdifficulttospotandreach.

B.Becausetheancientsfearedthepowerofthegod.

C.Becauseitprocessedthebeautifulscenery.

D.BecauseitwasprotectedbytheUNESCOproject.

【答案】1.D2.C3.A

【解析】本文為一篇應用文。埃及南部阿斯旺和盧克索之間的尼羅河最迷人，文章介紹了這一段河流附近

的四個主要神廟。

1.細節(jié)理角用題。根據(jù)TempleofKarnak的第二句"Itbegstwovisits:oncebydaylighttoappreciatetheengineering

andartisticbeautyoftheGreatHypostyleHallandagainafterdarkwhentheruinscomealiveduringasoundand

lightshow.（它請求兩次訪問：一次是在白天欣賞大柱式大廳的工程和藝術(shù)之美，另一次是在天黑之后，當

廢墟在聲光表演中活躍起來時。）”，如果游客打算晚上去神廟，TempleofKarnak會是更好的選擇。故選D

項。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)EdfuTemple的"Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthenearby

desertandinaccessibleduetotheannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginalstate.

（幾個世紀以來，這座寺廟幾乎被附近沙漠的沙子所覆蓋，而且由于尼羅河每年的洪水而無法到達，這使得

它能夠以如此原始的狀態(tài)保存下來可知，尼羅河每年都會發(fā)洪水。根據(jù)PhilaeTemple的第二句"Itwastom

apartandmovedtoitscurrentislandlocationaspartoftheUNESCOprojecttosaveNubia'sancientmonuments

fromtherisingwatersofLakeNasser.（作為聯(lián)合國教科文組織保護努比亞古遺跡免受納賽爾湖水位上升影響

的項目的一部分，PhilaeTemple被拆了，并搬到了現(xiàn)在的島嶼位置）”；根據(jù)AbuSimbel的第二句"Constructed

around1260BC,thetemplewasalsorescuedfromLakeNasserbytheUNESCOproject.（該寺廟建于公元前

1260年左右，聯(lián)合國教科文組織的項目也從納賽爾湖中拯救了它）”中的also可知，AbuSimbel也遭遇納賽

爾湖水位上升的問題；因尼羅河每年都會發(fā)洪水，導致納賽爾湖水位上升，兩個神廟都曾遭遇過洪水的威

脅。故選C項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EdfuTemple的第二句"Overthecenturies,thetemplewasnearlycoveredbysandfromthe

nearbydesertandinaccessibleduetotheannualfloodingoftheNile,enablingittobepreservedinsuchanoriginal

state.（幾個世紀以來，這座寺廟幾乎被附近沙漠的沙子覆蓋，由于尼羅河每年的洪水泛濫而無法進入，使其

能夠以如此原始的狀態(tài)保存下來。戶可知，因為被沙漠的沙子覆蓋，人們很難發(fā)現(xiàn)這個神廟，而且每年的洪

水也導致人們很難到達這里，從而EdfuTemple神廟保存的很好。故選A項。

B

（2022?新疆?沙灣縣第一中學高一期末）Underwaterexplorershavediscoveredanancientshipwreck（沉船）

intheruinsofalong-lostsunkenEgyptiancityHeracleion,offthecoastofAlexandriainEgypt.Researchershave

provedtheshiptobeover2,000yearsoldamongtheruins.

AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportanteconomiccenter,itwasdestroyedbytheforcesofnature,sinking

（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.Theremainsofthecity'shouses,temples,andmarketshavelaintenmetersdeepinthe

AbuQirBay,eastofpresent-dayAlexandria,Asaresult,underwaterexplorersregularlymakeexcitingdiscoveries

there.Amongthem,statuesandstonetabletswithwordsmadeitpossibletofigureoutthecity'sname:Heracleion.

Researchersexplainedthattheshipwas25meterslong.Thediscoveryoftheshipwreckwasfascinating

becauseshipsfromthatperiodinhistorywereveryseldom.Theunderwaterresearchshowedthattheshipwas

struckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemple,makingtheshipatthebottomofthesea.Dr.MustafaWaziri,

Secretary-GeneraloftheHigherArchaeologyCouncil,saidtheshipwasinthecanal（運河）whichflowedalongthe

sideoftheTempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecity,makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.

Whiletheshipwreckdiscoverywasexciting,underwaterexplorersdiscoveredtheremainsofaGreek

cemetery（墓地）datingbacktothe4thcenturyBCduringtheunderwaterexploration.Researchersexplainedthat

thediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthecity.TheybuilttheirowntemplesnearthetempleofAmun,and

theremainsofbothhavebeenfoundtogetherandingoodconditioninthesunkencitysome7milesoffthecoastof

Egypt.ItisworthnotingthatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrosstheNileDelta,

beforethecityofAlexandriawasfoundedin331BC.Severalearthquakesdestroyedit.

4.WhydidthecityHeracleiondisappear?

A.ItwasdestroyedbytheGreektraders.

B.Itwashitandcoveredbyabigflood.

C.Itwasunimportantandwasdeserted.

D.Itwasruinedandsankintothesea.

5.Whatcausedtheshiptosinkintothesea?

A.Itsownlength.B.Aterribleearthquake.

C.Carryingtoomanystones.D.Thebuildingofatemple.

6.WhatcanbeinferredfromthediscoveryofaGreekcemetery?.

A.TheGreekcemeterywasdestroyed.

B.GreektradersbuiltthetempleofAmun.

C.Heracleionwasprobablyatradecenter.

D.GreekhasalongerhistorythanEgypt.

7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthetext?

A.Environment..B.HistoryC.Sport.D.Education.

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述Heracleion廢墟中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘古代沉船和可追溯到公元前4世紀

的希臘墓地遺跡的事跡來探索當時一些不為人知的歷史真相。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportanteconomiccenter,itwasdestroyed

bytheforcesofnature,sinking（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.”（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個重要的經(jīng)濟中心，但是

它被大自然的力量摧毀了，在水中迅速下沉。）可知，Heracleion被摧毀了，并沉入海底。故選D項。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Dr.MustafaWaziri,Secretary-GeneraloftheHigherArchaeologyCouncil,said

theshipwasinthecanal（運河）whichflowedalongthesideoftheTempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecity,

makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.”（高級考古委員會秘書長MustafaWaziri博士說，這艘船在阿

蒙神廟旁邊的運河里。一場地震襲擊了這座城市，神廟被毀，輪船沉沒。）可知，船是因為地震而導致沉沒

的。故選B項。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ResearchersexplainedthatthediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.”（研究人員解釋說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明希臘商人住在這座城市。）可知這里有商人居?。晃恼隆癐tisworthnoting

thatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrosstheNileDelta,beforethecityof

Alexandriawasfoundedin331BC.”（值得注意的是，在公元前331年亞歷山大城建立之前，Heracleion是

埃及最大的港口城市，橫跨尼羅河三角洲。）Heracleion有商人居住，這是一個信息，它在亞歷山大城建立

之前還是埃及最大的港口城市，港口城市一般交通便利，故推知Heracleion可能是一個貿(mào)易中心。故選C

項。

7.推理判斷題。通讀本文可知，文章講述的是水下探險家在埃及亞歷山大海岸外失蹤已久的埃及城市

Heracleion廢墟中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘古代沉船和可追溯到公元前4世紀的希臘墓地遺跡，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)背后都是承載著

一定歷史真相的，故我們可能會在報紙的“History”（歷史）板塊中讀到這篇文章。故選B項。

C

（2022?青海西寧?高一期末）TheGizaPyramids（金字塔）,builttolastforever,havedonejustthat.The

tombscoulddatebacktoEgypfsOldKingdomandwereconstructedsome4,500yearsago.Egypt'spharaohs（法

老）expectedtobecomegodsintheafterlife.Toprepareforthenextworldtheybuilttemplestothegodsand

massivepyramidtombsforthemselves,whichwerefilledwithallthethingseachrulerwouldneedtoguideand

supporthimselfinthenextworld.

TheancientwondersatGizaweresoimpressivethateventodayscientistscan'tbesurehowthepyramids

werebuilt.Yettheyhavelearnedmuchaboutthepeoplewhobuiltthem.Thebuilderswereskilled,well-fed

Egyptianworkerswholivedinanearbycity.Archaeological（考古的）digsontheattractivesitehaveshowna

highlyorganizedcommunity,richwithresources.

IfthePyramidshelpedtobuildancientEgypt,theyalsopreservedit.Gizaallowsustoexploreanancient

world.ctManypeoplethinkofthesiteasjustatombinthemodemsense,butit'salotmorethanthat,“saysPeter

DerManuelianwiththeMuseumofFineArts,Boston.a6Inthesedecoratedtombsyouhavewonderfulscenesof

everyaspectoflifeinancientEgypt-soifsnotjustabouthowEgyptiansdiedbuthowtheylived.”

Tombartdisplaysancientfarmersworkingontheirfieldsandfishing.Wordsandtextsalsoallowresearchinto

Egyptiangrammarandlanguage."Almostanysubjectyouwanttostudyaboutthecultureisavailableonthetomb

wallsatGiza,“DerManueliansays.

Tohelpmakethesepreciousresourcesaccessibletoall,DerManuelianheadstheGizaProject,anenormous

collectionofGizaphotographs,plans,drawings,objectrecords,anddiariesthatenablesonlinevisitstothesite.

8.WhydidEgypfspharaohsbuildthepyramids?

A.Tosatisfypersonalneeds.

B.Topayrespectstogods.

C.Toprotecttheculture.

D.Tobenefitlocalpoorpeople.

9.Whatremainsunclearaboutthepyramids?

A.Whobuiltthem.

B.Howtheywerebuilt.

C.Wheretheywere.

D.Whentheywerebuilt.

10.WhatistheGizaProjectintendedfor?

A.Raisingmoneyforthefarmers.

B.Collectingdrawingsandphotosworldwide.

C.Helpingpeopledevelopfishing.

D.Providingonlineaccesstothepyramids.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.PyramidsatGiza.

B.Modernpaintingart.

C.Anancientking.

D.AmuseuminEgypt.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了偉大的Giza金字塔，介紹了其建造的時間、構(gòu)成、以及存在

的意義等。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Egypt'spharaohs（法老）expectedtobecomegodsintheafterlife.Topreparefor

thenextworldtheybuilttemplestothegodsandmassivepyramidtombsforthemselves,whichwerefilledwithall

thethingseachrulerwouldneedtoguideandsupporthimselfinthenextworld.（埃及的法老期望在死后成為神。

為了為下一個世界做準備，他們?yōu)樽约航ㄔ炝松駨R和巨大的金字塔墳墓，里面裝滿了每個統(tǒng)治者在另一個

世界里需要指導和養(yǎng)活自己的所有東西。廠可推斷，古埃及的法老之所以建造金字塔是為了自己死后所需，

故選A。

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheancientwondersatGizaweresoimpressivethateventodayscientistscan't

besurehowthepyramidswerebuilt.（Giza的古代奇觀令人印象深刻，即使是今天的科學家也不能確定金字塔

是如何建造的。）”可知，科學家們至今不知道金字塔是如何建造的。故選B。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Tohelpmakethesepreciousresourcesaccessibletoall,DerManuelianheadsthe

GizaProject,anenormouscollectionofGizaphotographs,plans,drawings,objectrecords,anddiariesthatenables

onlinevisitstothesite.（為了幫助所有人都能獲得這些寶貴的資源，DerManuelian領(lǐng)導了“Giza計劃”，該計劃

收集了大量的Giza照片、平面圖、圖紙、實物記錄和日記，使人們能夠在線訪問該網(wǎng)站。）”可知，該計劃

是為了讓人們能夠從網(wǎng)上獲取Giza金字塔的相關(guān)信息。故選D。

11.主旨大意題。文章第一段提出Giza金字塔的永恒；第二段介紹了Giza金字塔的建造非常復雜；第三段

和第四段介紹了Giza金字塔讓我們了解了古埃及人們的生活、文化等；最后則介紹了Giza計劃。所以本文

是圍繞Giza金字塔展開的。故選A。

D

(2022?遼寧丹東?高一期末)TheHongKongPalaceMuseum(HKPM),locatedintheWestKowloon

CulturalDistrictoftheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion,wasestablishedonJune22andisscheduledto

opentothepubliconJuly2.Morethan40,000ticketsweresoldorreservedwithineighthoursonthefirstdayof

publicsale,andallfreevisitsonWednesdaysinJulywerefullybooked.

TheHKPM,notonlyaddstoculturalatmosphereinthecity,butalsoprovidesanewsiteforlocalresidents

andvisitorstolearnaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecivilizationandculture.Morethan900piecesoftreasures

fromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseuminBeijingwillbeputondisplayattheopeningexhibitions.From

paintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspanthe5,000-yearhistoryofChinesecivilization,coveringall

categoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum,including166piecesoffirst-classculturalrelicsofthecountry.

Thiswillbethelargestandhighest-levelculturalheritageexhibitionsofthePalaceMuseumoutsideofthe

mainlandsinceitsestablishmentin1925.

Prepareworkfortheexhibitionsbeganin2018,withthePalaceMuseumfieldingateamofleadingexperts

andscholars,associatedwiththemanageteamoftheHKPM.

“ItisagreatthingtodisplaythepiecesofculturalrelicsinHongKong,whichreflectsthecentral

government5ssupporttothedevelopmentofHongKong'sculturalprojects,9,saidNg,addingthattheexhibitsfrom

thePalaceMuseumwillpresentaculturalfeasttoHongKongresidentsbytellingthemaboutthemotherland'slong

historyandsplendidculture.

"PromotingtraditionalChinesecultureisoneofourimportanttasks,“saidBettyFung,chiefexecutiveofficer

ofWestKowloonCulturalDistrictAuthority.ShesaidtheHKPMwillactivelypushaheadwiththepublicityofthe

motherland'scultureandhistoryafteritsopening,enhancingHongKongresidents5culturalconfidenceinthe

country,especiallyamongyouths.

FungsaidthattheHKPMwillactivelyenhancecooperationwithinternationalmuseums,tellingtheworldthe

storiesofChina,includingthestoriesofHongKong.

12.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A.HongKongcitizenscanvisitthemuseumfreely.

B.HongKongPalaceMuseumiswarmlywelcomed.

C.HongKongcitizenscanenjoytheexhibitioninJune.

D.HongKongPalaceMuseumopenswithineighthoursperday.

13.WhatcanavisitorenjoyinTheHongKongPalaceMuseum?

A.900piecesoffirst-classculturalrelics.

B.ThehistoryofHongKongsince1925.

C.Thedevelopmentofinternationalcivilization.

D.AllcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum.

14.WhatisBettyFung'sattitudetowardsthemuseum?

A.Favorable.B.Disappointed.C.Doubtful.D.Puzzled.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HKPM:HongKong'sCulturalAuthority

B.HKPM:CooperationwithInternationalMuseums

C.HKPM:ANewCulturalLandmarkofHongKong

D.HKPM:ShowcaseofHongKong'sCulturalRelics

【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C

【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了香港故宮博物院的成立，它是香港文化歷史上的一件大事，

從此香港有了新的文化地標。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"Morethan40,000ticketsweresoldorreservedwithineighthoursonthefirstday

ofpublicsale,andallfreevisitsonWednesdaysinJulywerefullybooked.^^（公開發(fā)售首日八小時內(nèi)售出或預訂

的門票超過4萬張，7月份每個星期三的所有免費參觀門票都被預訂一空。）可知，香港故宮博物院受到了

游客的熱烈歡迎。故選B項。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Morethan900piecesoftreasuresfromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseumin

Beijingwillbeputondisplayattheopeningexhibitions.Frompaintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspan

the5,000-yearhistoryofChinesecivilization,coveringallcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum”（北

京故宮博物院收藏的900多件珍品將在開幕展上展出。從繪畫到古建筑，展品跨越5000年中華文明史，涵

蓋故宮博物院藏品的各個門類。）可知，參觀者在香港故宮博物院可以欣賞到各門類的故宮博物院藏品。故

選D項。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的""PromotingtraditionalChinesecultureisoneofourimportanttasks,said

BettyFung.ShesaidtheHKPMwillactivelypushaheadwiththepublicityofthemotherland'scultureandhistory

afteritsopening,enhancingHongKongresidents9culturalconfidenceinthecountry,especiallyamongyouths.^^

（BettyFung說，“弘揚中華傳統(tǒng)文化是我們的重要工作之一”。她表示，香港故宮博物院開門后將積極推動

對祖國文化和歷史的宣傳，增強香港居民特別是青年對國家的文化自信。）可知，BettyFung對博物館持贊

成的態(tài)度。故選A項。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段的"TheHKPM,notonlyaddstoculturalatmosphereinthecity,butalso

providesanewsiteforlocalresidentsandvisitorstolearnaboutthedevelopmentofChinesecivilizationand

culture.Morethan900piecesoftreasuresfromthecollectionofthePalaceMuseuminBeijingwillbeputon

displayattheopeningexhibitions.Frompaintingstoancientarchitectures,theexhibitsspanthe5,000-yearhistory

ofChinesecivilization,coveringallcategoriesofthecollectionofthePalaceMuseum,including166piecesof

first-classculturalrelicsofthecountry.Thiswillbethelargestandhighest-levelculturalheritageexhibitionsofthe

PalaceMuseumoutsideofthemainlandsinceitsestablishmentin1925.”（香港故宮博物院，不僅增添了城市的

文化氛圍，也為當?shù)鼐用窈陀慰吞峁┝艘粋€了解中華文明和文化發(fā)展的新場所。北京故宮博物院收藏的900

多件珍品將在開幕展上展出。從繪畫到古建筑，展品跨越5000年中華文明史，涵蓋故宮博物院藏品的各個

門類，其中國家一級文物166件。這將是故宮博物院自1925年成立以來，在大陸以外規(guī)模最大、層次最高

的文化遺產(chǎn)展覽。）可知，香港故宮博物院的成立是香港文化歷史上的一件大事，為促進香港的文化發(fā)展起

到了巨大的促進作用，因此C項（香港故宮博物院：香港的新文化地標）適合作為文章標題。故選C項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

（2022?北京東城?高一期末）WalkingUnderLiverpool

Inmostways,theEnglishcityofLiverpoolisnodifferentfromotherlargecities.Itisfullofpeople,

restaurants,museums,andshops.However,Liverpoolstandsoutinoneinterestingway.16Formany

years,thetunnels（地道）werenearlyforgotten.Therewasnoevidencethatthetunnelswerereal.In2001,asmall

groupofcuriouspeopleweredelightedtodiscoverthattheoldalesweretrue.Ahugenetworkoftunnelssnaked

underthecity.

Wenowknowthatthetunnelswerebuiltsometimeintheearly1800s.AmannamedJosephWilliamson

designedthem.17WhydidWilliamsonwantthetunnels?Weretheyeverused?Ifso,forwhat?Wecan

onlyguess.

18Manypeoplewerejoblessatthattime,andWilliamsonwasknowntobekind.Perhapshecame

upwiththetunnelprojectsothathecouldofferpeoplejobs.AnotherguessisthatWilliamsonusedthetunnelsfor

secretbusiness.

StillothersthinkthatWilliamsonbuiltthetunnelsforsafetyreasons.Perhapshewasafraidthatsometypeof

dangerouseventwouldhappen.19

20Williamsondidnottellmanypeoplewhyhebuiltthetunnels.Maybehewrotedownhisreasons

andputthepaperssomewhereinthetunnels.Perhapsthosepaperswillonedaybefound.Fornow,themysteryof

theWilliamsonTunnelsremains.

A.Butthereisalotwestilldon'tknow.

B.Theideasareinteresting,butnooneknowsthetruth.

C.Underthebusystreets,therearemilesofoldtunnels.

D.Somepeoplewhostudythetunnelshavegotnewfindings.

E.OneideaisthatWilliamson,whowasrich,wastryingtohelpothers.

F.Nordoesanyoneknowforsureevenhowmanyofthetunnelsthereare.

G.Thetunnelswouldhaveofferedprotectionforhimselfandhislovedones.

【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.B

【解析】本文是說明文。文章以走在利物浦為題，介紹了英國城市利物浦與眾不同的地方，在于它有許多

地道及其相關(guān)知識。

16.上文“However,Liverpoolstandsoutinoneinterestingway.（然而,利物浦以一種有趣的方式脫穎而出。）”

可知文章開始引入主題，表明利物浦有與眾不同的地方；下文“Formanyyears,thetunnelswerenearlyforgotten.

（多年來，這些地道幾乎被遺忘。）”可知，利物浦脫穎而出的原因在于這些地道。C項“在繁忙的街道下，有

幾英里長的舊地道?！背猩蠁⑾拢赋鲞@里有很多地道，承接上文，并引起下文詳細講解這些地道。故選C

項。

17.上文“Wenowknowthatthetunnelswerebuiltsometimeintheearly1800s.（我們現(xiàn)在知道的這些地道是在

19世紀早期修建的。廣在說明我們目前所了解的地道信息；下文“WhydidWilliamsonwantthetunnels?Were

theyeverused?Ifso,forwhat?（威廉姆森為什么想要建地道?它們曾經(jīng)被使用過嗎?如果被用過，做了什么

呢？）”三個問句，說明依然還有有關(guān)地道不了解的信息。A項“但還有很多我們還不知道的信息?！迸c上文形

成對照，與下文一致。故選A項。

18.下文“Manypeoplewerejoblessatthattime,andWilliamsonwasknowntobekind.Perhapshecameupwith

thetunnelprojects。thathecouldofferpeoplejobs.（那時候很多人都失業(yè)了，而威廉姆森是出了名的善良。也

許他提出地道工程是為了給人們提供工作。廣說明威廉姆森建地道的其中一個原因可能是為了幫助別人。E

項“其中一個想法是，富有的威廉姆森試圖幫助他人?！敝械膖ohelpothers（幫助他人）與下文一致。故選E項。

19.上文“Perhapshewasafraidthatsometypeofdangerouseventwouldhappen.（也許他是害怕會發(fā)生什么危險

的事情。）”說明他建地道或許是出于安全考慮，以保護自己。G項“地道可以保護他和他所愛的人?！迸c上文

一致。故選G項。

20.下文“Williamsondidnottellmanypeoplewhyhebuiltthetunnels.（威廉姆森沒有告訴很多人他建造地道的

原因。）"和"Fornow,themysteryoftheWilliamsonTunnelsremains.（目前，威廉姆斯家族關(guān)于地道的謎團仍

然存在。）”說明他建地道的原因依然都是猜測，真正的原因并沒有人知道。B項“這些想法很有趣，但沒有

人知道真相。"nooneknowsthetruth（沒有人知道真實情況）與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選B項。

第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選

項。

（2022?福建?莆田第二十五中學高一期中）TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.Oneiscalled

Irelandand21Britain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargeroneofthesetwoislands,anditis

22intothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.

TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles23bytheQueen.ItismadeupofScotland,

WalesandEngland,thatis,the24ofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,thenorthernpart.The

25ofIrelandisself-governing.The26nameoftheUnitedKingdomistherefore“TheUnited

KingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”.

Englandis27andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland,andhasthemost28of

theUnitedKingdom,sopeopleoftenusethewords“England"and"English“whenthey29"Britain”and

“British”.ThissometimesmakestheScotsandtheWelshalittle30.TheScotsinparticulararevery

proudoftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshtoodonot31themselvesastheEnglish,andhaveaculture

and32alanguageoftheirown.

IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801,butforfortyyearsthe“IrishQuestion“wasthegreatest

headacheoftheUnitedKingdom.33.Irelandwasdividedintotwo:NorthernIrelandstill34to

theUnitedKingdom,andin1922therestofIreland35tofoundanIrishFreeState,latercalledEireand

nowtheRepublicofIreland.

TheRepublicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain,andisnotnowevenasupporterofthe

CommonwealthofNations.UnlikethemajorCommonwealthcountries,itdidnotliftafingertohelpBritishinthe

SecondWorldWarandnowwantsthewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.

21.A.theoneB.theotherC.anotherD.other

22.A.dividedB.cutC.brokenD.separated

23.A.watchedoutB.takenupC.defendedagainstD.ruledover

24.A.halfB.partC.mostD.whole

25.A.smallerB.biggerC.restD.island

26.A.correctB.trueC.fullD.last

27.A.meanerB.widerC.poorerD.larger

28.A.collegesB.officialsC.citiesD.population

29.A.sayB.coverC.showD.write

30.A.angryB.cautiousC.enjoyableD.lonely

31.A.respectB.rankC.electD.regard

32.A.everB.evenC.seldomD.never

33.A.FinallyB.HoweverC.MeanwhileD.Instead

34.A.returnsB.belongsC.refersD.adds

35.A.turnedawayB.runawayC.brokeawayD.keptaway

【答案】2LB22.A23.D24.D25.C26.C27.D28.D29.A

30.A31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C

【解析】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國的地理概況、組成部分及歷史淵源等。

21.考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意:一個叫愛爾蘭，另一個叫不列顛。A.theone這個；B.theothei?另

一個，兩個中特指另一個；其他的，加名詞復數(shù)；C.another另一個；D.other其他的，加名詞復數(shù)。由上

文中的“twolargeislands.OneiscalledIreland”可知，此處為兩個中的另一個，故選Bo

22.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大不列顛是這兩個島嶼中較大的一個，它被分為三個部分：蘇格蘭、威爾

士和英格蘭。A.divided分開；B.cut切割；C.broken破舊的；D.separated分離的。bedividedinto意為

“被分成...“；cutinto意為“打斷，侵犯"；breakinto意為“破門而入”；separate常和from搭配，意為“分離，

分開"。根據(jù)"TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.”可知，這是指地理劃分。故選A。

23.考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：聯(lián)合王國是不列顛群島的一部分，由女王統(tǒng)治。A.watchedout小心提

防;B.takenup拿起,從事;C.defendedagainst防衛(wèi),保衛(wèi);D.ruledover統(tǒng)治，支配。根據(jù)"TheUnitedKingdom^^

就是“theBritishIsles”中被女王統(tǒng)治的那一部分。故選D。

24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它由蘇格蘭、威爾士和英格蘭，也就是整個不列顛，以及北部的愛爾蘭的

六分之一組成。A.half半；B.part部分；C.most大部分；D.whole全部。由第一段最后一句可知，Britain

是由Scotland,Wales和England三部分組成，所以說以上三部分就是整個的Britain。故選D。

25.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：愛爾蘭其余地區(qū)實行自治。A.smaller更小的；B.bigger更大的；C.rest

其余的；D.island島的。根據(jù)“thatis,the4ofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,the

northernpart.”愛爾蘭分為兩部分，北部為英國統(tǒng)治，其他部分自治。故選C。

26.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，聯(lián)合王國的全稱是“大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國”。A.correct正

確的；B.true真的；C.full完全的，全部的；D.last最后的。根據(jù)"TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainand

NorthernIreland”可知，此處指英國的全稱。ftdlname"全名故選C。

27.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：英格蘭比蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭更大、更富有，是聯(lián)合王國人口最

多的國家，所以人們在說“不列顛”和“英國人”時，經(jīng)常使用“England”和“English”這兩個詞。A.meaner更吝

嗇；B.wider更寬的；C.poorer更窮的；D.larger更大的。andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthern

Ireland”可知，England比其他的地方更大（larger）,更富有。故選D。

28.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英格蘭比蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭更大、更富有，是聯(lián)合王國人口最多

的國家，所以人們在謝'不列顛”和“英國人”時，經(jīng)常使用“England”和“English”這兩個詞。A.colleges大學；

B.officials官員；C.cities城市；