2025年高考英語復習知識清單（全國）專題09 虛擬語氣三大類用法歸納（講案）原卷版

【上好課】2025年高考一輪復習知識清單

專題09虛擬語氣三大類用法歸納（講案）原卷版

（快問快答+思維導圖+精講精練+真題分類+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填）

目錄

一、虛擬語氣快問快答P1

二、虛擬語氣思維導圖P2

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法（表解）P2

考點清單二、從句謂語用“(should)+動詞原形”三大典型場合P5

考點清單三、特殊句型中虛擬語氣四大用法P6

分層訓練（一）單句填空（高考真題）P7

分層訓練（二）單句填空（模擬試題）P8

分層訓練（三）單句改錯（模擬試題）P8

分層訓練（四）單項選擇40題（模擬試題）P9

分層訓練（五）虛擬語氣助力書面表達升格P13

分層訓練（六）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P14

2024“北京作家日”五周年活動亮相第三十屆北京國際圖書博覽會P14

一、虛擬語氣快問快答

Q1：什么叫虛擬語氣？

A1：英語句子可以分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣多表示一種假設或愿望，常用于一些固

定句式中。

Q2：虛擬語氣分哪三大類型？

A2：根據功能，虛擬語氣可以分為if虛擬條件句、一二三四型虛擬句和特殊句型類虛擬句等。

Q3：學習虛擬語氣難點在哪里？

A3：一是判讀是否用虛擬語氣，二是判斷用哪種類型的類型，三是在寫作中如何巧妙運用虛擬語氣提升句

子表達力。

Q4：如何才能學好虛擬語氣？

A4：一是努力掌握虛擬語氣基本知識框架，二是加強訓練和背誦，積少成多，見多識廣。

二、虛擬語氣思維導圖

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法

場合從句謂語主句謂語

IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事實上我現(xiàn)在沒

與現(xiàn)在事動詞過去式有時間，不能去散步．）

would+動詞原形

實相反(be用were)IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner（.事實上沒有

人邀請我，我也不能去參加宴會．）

Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveasked

與過去事

had+動詞過去分詞wouldhavedoneyouaboutit.

實相反

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事。

1.動詞過去式(be用Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,we

與將來事were)wouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨我們就不去爬

would+動詞原形

實相反2.wereto+動詞原形山了。

3.should+動詞原形

錯綜條件主句和從句與不同時間相反，則根據主IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlast

句從句位置和事實區(qū)別對待對號入座。night.

如果我是你，我就不會錯過昨天晚上那場音樂會。

If虛擬句if條件句若省略if，則把were/should/Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferin

省略had提前到句首構成部分倒裝句。future.如果你現(xiàn)在猶豫不決,將來你會吃苦頭的。

含蓄條件即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.

句詞，后面按主句對待。如果不是你的建議,我會失敗的。

【即時訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

1.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we_________(be)allright.

3.IfIhadamilliondollars,I_________(put)itinthebank.

4.IfI__________(take)hadtakenyouradviceyesterday,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.

5.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).

6.IftheWatergateIncident_______________(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

7.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’t__________(fail)havefailedintheexam.

8.Ifit________/____________/______________(rain)tomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

9.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

10.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___________(live)there,shewouldn’tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

11.Ifit_________(be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

12.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetter

now.

13.Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,I___________(worry)soworriednow.

14.Whatwouldhavehappened_______Bobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?

15._________hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

16._________shemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.

17._________Iworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.

18.We______________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

19.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_____________(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

20._________yourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.

考點清單二、從句謂語用“(should)+動詞原形”三大典型場合

用法標志詞示例

一二三四類動詞（接從一堅持insist二命令order,Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftill

句謂語用should+動詞command三建議advise,nextweek.有人建議會議推遲到下周。

原形，且should可以省suggest,recommend四要Thedoctorrequiredthatthepatient(should)besentto

略）求demand,desire,require,hospitalwithoutdelay.醫(yī)生要求病人毫不延誤地送

request到醫(yī)院。

一二三四類動詞派生來order,command,advice,Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask(should)be

的名詞后接從句，該從suggestion,requirementcompletedat5o'clock.

句謂語動詞用should+我們同意在5點鐘完成任務的命令。

動詞原形，且should可Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoon

以省略。aspossible.我們唯一的要求是盡快解決這個問題。

Itisstrangethat..從句謂necessary,strange,Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhis

語用should+動詞原形，impossibleparentslikethat.奇怪的是，他竟然對父母那樣做。

且should可以省略。若It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalong

從句涉及已經發(fā)生的動theroadseriously.

作，則應用shouldhave至關重要的是，我們應該認真對待我們在路上的安

done。全駕駛。

【即時訓練】用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

1.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild’sfirsteyeexam_______(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.

2.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe________(have)a

medicalexamination.

3.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________(do)nothingwrongandthathe___________(set)free.

4.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_________(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.

5.Youradvicethat____________(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.

6.Itisadvisablethatyou___________(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

7.Itisappropriatethatsometime_____________(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.

8.Heinsistedthathe______(be)reallytiredandthathe_________(allow)tohavearest.

考點清單三、特殊句型中虛擬語氣四大用法

要點精講1：Iwishthat…從句與過去、現(xiàn)在、將來事實相反，分別用haddone,did,would/coulddo。

Iwishthat…從句結構示例

與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.

與過去事實相反過去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.

與將來事實相反would+動詞原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.

IwishthatIweretenyearsyounger.

IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.

【即時訓練】用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

1.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

—Iwishthey_________(notbe)alwayslate.

2.HowIwisheveryfamily____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!

要點精講2：ifonly表示“如果……該多好”，asif/though表示“好像”，從句虛擬用法同上。

Helooksasifhewereanartist.

Shelooksasifnothinghadhappenedtoher.

IfonlyIhadseenthefilmwithJanelastnight.

【即時訓練】用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit___________(break).

4.Don’thandlethevaseasifit__________(make)ofsteel.

5.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI______________(follow)youradvice.

要點精講3：Iwouldratherthat…從句與過去事實相反用過去完成時，與現(xiàn)在、將來相反用一般過去時。

I'dratherthathehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.

Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldratherthatwelefthimalone.

【即時訓練】用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

6.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe__________(focus)moreonits

culture.

7.—Didyougotothepartylastnight?

—Yes,butI’dratherI________(go)there.Itwassoboring.

要點精講4：Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意為“早該……”。

Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.

Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.

【即時訓練】用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。

8.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe___________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.

9.It'shightimethatwe________(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.

10.IwishI___________(take)youradvicelasttime,andthenIwouldn'thavebeenblamedbyothers.

分層訓練（一）高考真題

在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

1.(2020江蘇)IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I__________(notbe)whereIam.

2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalf

thetime.

3.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.

4.(2018天津)Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.

5.(2018江蘇)It’sstrangethathe_______havetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.

6.(2018江蘇)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI_______(have)asecondchancetobecome

moreinvolved.

7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________(drive)afewmorekilometers.

8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem______________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

9.(2017天津)—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I______(be)abletoreachher

yesterday.

10.(2017江蘇)_______itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

分層訓練（二）模擬試題

在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

1.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe____________(be)busy.

2.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____________(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

3.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou____________(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

4.____________wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.

5.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwould_________________(injure).

6._________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.

7.IfI________(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.

8.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou____________(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.

9.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.

10.Itishightimethatwe____________(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.

分層訓練（三）單句改錯

下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。

1.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.

2.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

3.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

4.Theconferencewouldn’thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.

5.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.

6.—Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.

—Sorry,sir.I'lldobetternexttime.

7.Ican'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.

8.Imadethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.

9.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.

10.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.

分層訓練（四）單項選擇

1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____youupattheairport.

A.wouldpickB.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked

2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernment______somemeasuresto

protectendangeredanimals.

A.takeB.tookC.hastakenD.willtake

3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We______.

A.shouldn’thurryB.needn’thavehurriedC.mustn’thavehurriedD.wouldn’thurry

4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewe______youahand.

A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wouldgiveD.wouldhavegiven

5.HowIwishI________someonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.

A.wouldhaveB.hadC.havehadD.hadhad

6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey_______.

A.breakB.havebrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

7.Mysister’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_____seriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshe______toseethe

doctorimmediately.

A.was;goB.were;goC.be;wentD.was;went

8.Idon'tthinkitisadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A.willbeassignedB.beassignedC.shouldassignD.canbeassigned

9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatI______classicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.

A.shouldhavelearnedB.wouldlearnC.learnedD.learn

10.Ifyou______afewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.

A.hadcomeB.havecomeC.weretocomeD.shouldcome

11._______hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.

A.ShouldheknowB.WereItoknowC.HadIknownD.HaveIknown

12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe______.

A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy

13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI’drathershe_______moreonits

education.

A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused

14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,we________thetaskaheadoftime.

A.wouldnotfulfillB.wouldnothavefulfilled

C.wouldfulfillD.wouldhavefulfilled

15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthathe_____itindirectly.

A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed

16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatour

expense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

17._____itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will

18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolution______morepracticalandthatwe______itintopracticeassoonas

possible.

A.was;putB.was;mustputC.shouldbe;putD.shouldbe;put

19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatient______now.

A.willbealiveB.willhavebeenaliveC.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive

20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.

---So_____youifyouhadsohighafever.

A.doB.areC.willD.would

21.--I’vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.

---ButI’dratheryou______.

A.didn’tB.hadn’tC.don’tD.wouldn’t

22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatarea_______assoonaspossible.

A.mustimproveB.improveC.wasimprovedD.beimproved

23.LookatthesituationI’min.IfonlyI______youradviceearlier!

A.tookB.wouldtakeC.hadtakenD.shouldtake

24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butshe______uplate.

A.gotB.hasgotC.wastogetD.hadgot

25.--Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes’walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.

--Yes,ataxi_______necessaryatall.

A.wasn’tB.isn’tC.hadn’tbeenD.won’tbe

26.______thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.

A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.ButforD.Dueto

27.IfonlyI______anumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.

A.tookB.shouldtakeC.hadtakenD.take

28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfI____free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.

A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.amD.were

29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms______backasearlyaspossible.

A.aresentB.besentC.willbesentD.shouldsend

30.HowIwishI____torepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry

31.Ifhe___totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.

A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknownB.listened;wouldknow

C.listened;wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened;wouldknow

32.Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife______tofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperlove

forthesechildren.

A.beencouragedB.areencouragedC.wereencouragedD.shouldencourage

33.Ican’tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughhe______everything.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown

34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.

A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach

35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone___hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

36.Lindacouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifshe_______afewbooksonworldhistorybeforehand.

A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’thavereadD.didn’tread

37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou_____areliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.

A.wereB.areC.hadbeenD.havebeen

38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknownB.IfIknowC.IfIknewD.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam_____havefailedinthefinals.

A.wouldB.mustC.shouldD.could

40.Mydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport_____toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.

A.shouldemailB.emailedC.mustbeemailedD.bee-mailed

41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

---No,butIwishI______.

A.willB.haveC.didD.had

42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalmines_______downinhalfayear.

A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosedD.wouldclose

43.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily

A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

44.—Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.—Sorry,I_____allaboutit.

A.wasforgottenB.haveforgottenC.forgotD.forget

45.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepynow.

A.haven’twatchedB.hadn’twatchedC.didn’twatchD.wouldn'thavewatched

分層訓練（五）虛擬語氣助力書面表達

1.(2023新課標I卷)沒有你的認可和指導，我不可能寫這篇文章。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2.如果他們當時知道接下來會發(fā)生什么事情，他們有可能就會重新考慮了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的話，今天就會非常涼爽了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4.我們在那個小村莊迷了路，否則我們昨天就能參觀更多的名勝古跡了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5.要不是因為船長的努力，我們就會連船帶人都沉沒了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6.要是沒有英語老師的幫助，我就不會在英語演講比賽中獲得一等獎了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

7.她竟然嫁給這樣一個窮光蛋，真是太奇怪了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

8.他的沉默暗示他贊同我的決定。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

9.我要是去車站送過她就好了，但我當時太忙了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

10.到了他該上床睡覺的時候了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

11.我愿你下個星期天去。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

12.那兩個新來的人聊天的樣子仿佛他們已經相識多年了。

______