2022年河北省保定市望都縣高二下學(xué)期2月周考（三）英語試卷

2021-2022學(xué)年河北省保定市望都縣高二下學(xué)期2月周考（三）英語試卷第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共8小題;每小題5分,滿分30分)AScientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusing“scientificmethod”.Whenascientistobservessomephenomenoninnature,hedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesisW1,aboutwhatishappening.Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthistheory.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentprovesthehypothesiswhichmakesitmorelikelythatthetheoryiscorrect.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thenthescientistmustcomeupwithP1anewtheorythathecantest.Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplicatedtheoriestoexplainnature,buttheydidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong.Here'sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon-sensetheory：Step1:Getanemptybottlewithasmallneck.AdiameterW2of1/2inchshouldbeideal.Step2:Cutasheetofpapertoasquare5inchesoneachside.Step3:CrumpleW3thepaperintoatightwadW4.Step4:Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitlieslooselyintheneckofthebottle.Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyouputyourmouthaboutahalfinchfromtheneckofthebottleandblowhardtowardsit.Acommon-sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottlebytheforceofthebreath.Nowdoyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.Ifyourtheorywasthatthewadwouldbeblownbytheforceoftheairintothebottle,theexperimentgaveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.AnewtheorymightbethattheairbeingblownintothebottlecreatesawhirlwindofaircurrentsW5intheclosedspacewhichpushthewadoutP2.1．ThewritermentionsAristotle'stheorytoshow.A．hewasagreatthinkerinancienttimesB．hewaslesssuccessfulthanGalileoC．objectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeedD．experimentsarenecessarytosupporttheories2．Accordingtothepassage,whatisnotrequiredinthefour-stepexperiment?A．Apairofscissors.B．Apieceofpaper.C．Abottle.D．Astrongbreath.3．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CometoNaturewithScientistsB．MakeupaNewTheoryC．ExperimentwithBreathinaBottleD．WatchOutforCommonSenseBThreemenhavehadabiginfluenceonmodernsoundandcommunicationtechnologies.Westartedwiththebeginningsofcomputer-generatedmusic.MaxVernonMathewsMaxVernonMathewshasbeencalledthefatherofcomputermusic.Hecreatedelectronictoolssothatpeoplecouldusecomputersasmusicalinstruments.Hehadahugeinfluenceonthedevelopmentofelectronicmusicandhowitiswritten,recordedandplayed.In1957,Maxwrotethefirstcomputerprogram,Music,toenableacomputertocreatesoundandplayitback.Thecomputerwassoslowthatitwouldhavetakenanhourtoplaythepieceofmusicinseventeenseconds.Forthatreason，Mathewsmovedtheworktoatapeplayer,whichcouldbespeduptoplaythemusicatanormalspeed.MathewscontinuedcreatingotherversionsoftheMusicprogram.Hebecameinterestedinhowcomputerscouldhelpmusiciansoutsiderecordingstudios.TheGrooveprogramhedevelopedwasthefirstcomputerprogrammadeforliveperformances.NorioOhgaSonyCorporationofficialNorioOhgahelpedtodevelopthecompactdiscinthelate1970s.HepushedforCDstobelarger,andwithalongerplayingtime.Hewantedthemtoholdseventy-fiveminutessothattheycouldstoreallofBcethoven'sNinthSymphonyononedisc.Thisway,listenerscouldenjoythemusicalworkwithoutanybreak.Thecompactdiscchangedtheelectronicsindustryandthewaypeoplelistenedtomusic.HubertJosephSchlaflyHubertJosephSchlaflywasanelectricalengineerwhohelpedchangethewayactors,politiciansandotherpeoplespeakontelevision.In1950,heandtwoothermendevelopedtheteleprompter.Oneco-worker,FredBarton,wasanactor.Hehadanideaforatoolthatwouldhelptelevisionactorsreadtheirlineswithouthavingtomemorizethem.Thefirstteleprompterinvolvedapersonwhoturnedalongpieceofpaperprintedwithtallletters.Astheactorreadthelines,anotherpersonwouldmovethepaperaheadonthedevice.Laterversionsusedtelevisionscreenstoshowthewordsthatweretoberead.1．WhydidMathewsgiveupusingcomputerstocreatesoundandplayitback?A．Becausehewantedtousecomputersasmusicalinstruments.B．Becausehecouldn'tcreatesoundoncomputers.C．Becausehewantedtoenjoymusicalworkwithoutanybreak.D．Becausehewantedtofindbetterwaystocreatesoundwithmoderntechnologies.2．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordteleprompter?A．投影儀B．電子提詞機C．屏蔽儀D．顯示屏3．Fromthewriting,wecanlearnthat.A．Mathews'firstcomputerprogramcouldplaythemusicatanormalspeedB．theGrooveprogramwasthefirstcomputerprogrammadeforliveperformancesbyHubertJosephSchlaflyC．owingtoNorioOhga,peoplecanenjoyallofBeethoven'sNinthSymphonyononediscD．onlyHubertJosephSchlaflyandFredBartonworkedtogethertodeveloptheprompterⅡ語言運用（共15小題，每小題3分，共45分）Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenot2onobviousfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthority(權(quán)威)astheonlyreasonfortruth.Healways3ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof4sciencemaybeconsideredtodateasfarbackasthe5ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopher(哲學(xué)家)ofOxford,wholived6theyears1214and1292.Hewasprobablythefirstinthemiddle7tosuggestthatwemustlearnscience8observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself9manyimportantdiscoveries.Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,10inItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganbydegreetoshowhowmanyimportant11couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore12towardstheearththansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe13oftheleaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwounequalstonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo's14ofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingour15andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.1．A．useB．timeC．speed D．trust2．A．workedB．livedC．based D．written3．A．thinksB．checksC．has D．learn4．A．naturalB．physicalC．a(chǎn)ncientD．modern5．A．studyB．timeC．year D．birth6．A．bothB．eachC．between D．a(chǎn)mong7．A．schoolsB．a(chǎn)gesC．daysD．countries8．A．inB．withC．on D．by9．A．didB．madeC．took D．gave10．A．thatB．whenC．who D．where11．A．truthsB．problemsC．peopleD．subjects12．A．heavilyB．slowlyC．lightlyD．rapidly13．A．placeB．footC．top D．ceiling14．A．spiritsB．skillC．theory D．discovery15．A．plansB．worldC．opinionsD．a(chǎn)bilityⅢ應(yīng)用文寫作（共25分）假定你是李華，你的好友Bob正在考慮國外大學(xué)畢業(yè)后是回國還是留在國外，他向你寫信求助。請你寫一封回信提出你的建議。內(nèi)容包括：1．表明你的態(tài)度；2．說明你提出這些建議的理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A篇篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了怎樣用簡單的四步實驗法來驗證一個常識理論是否正確。1D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，特別是“...Aristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong”可知，亞里士多德認(rèn)為重的物體比輕的物體先落地，但這種理論被伽利略用實驗證明是錯誤的，這說明，用實驗來證明理論是必要的，故選D項。2A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中提及了anemptybottle,asheetofpaper和blowhard，即做該實驗需要B、C、D三項。tchOutforCommonSense3C標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要介紹一個四步實驗的操作步驟，概括來說就是一個用力吹瓶子的實驗，故選C項。B篇篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三個對現(xiàn)代音響和通訊技術(shù)產(chǎn)生重大影響的人。4D推理判斷題。根據(jù)MaxVernonMathews部分中的最后兩句可知，Mathews認(rèn)為電腦播放太慢，因此放棄了用電腦創(chuàng)作并播放它，是因為他想找到更好的方法用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)創(chuàng)作音樂。故選D項。5B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文中的“他的一個同事弗萊德·巴頓是個演員。他想到了一個工具，可以幫助電視演員讀臺詞而不需要記住臺詞?！庇纱送浦?，teleprompter的意思為“電子提詞機”。故選B項。6C推理判斷題。根據(jù)NorioOhga部分中第二段前兩句可知，由于NorioOhga，人們可以在一張唱片上完整欣賞貝多芬的第九交響曲。故選C項。完型1Amakefulluseof...“充分利用……”。一個成功的科學(xué)家一般都充分利用他所觀察到的事實。2Cbebasedon...“以……為根據(jù)”。3Bthink是不及物動詞，所以排除A。他總是謹(jǐn)慎地核查(check)各種觀點并做實驗來證實它們。4D從此段的后文可看出應(yīng)是指現(xiàn)代科學(xué)，而不是指古代科學(xué)。第15空所在句子對伽利略的總評中的核心信息“l(fā)edtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience”亦是提示。5Btime此處指“時代，時期”。6C