2012年高考英語(yǔ)試卷（北京）（解析卷）

第頁(yè)|共頁(yè)2012年北京市高考英語(yǔ)試卷參考答案與試題解析一、聽(tīng)力理解（共三節(jié)，30分）解析略1-5ACBBC 6-10ABCAC11-15BCAAB16.Ryefield17.320-428-7859/320428785918.monthly19.Moving/Move20.August/Aug聽(tīng)力原文：Text1M:Hello,Harry’sBookStore.W:Hello.IsTomthere?M:Sorry,heisnothererightnow,canItakeamessage?W:Yes.CanyoutellhimJanecalled?Bytheway,mayIknowyourname?M:MikeSmith.Text2M:Whichdoyouprefer,IndianorChinesefood?W:Well,Indianismyfavorite.Whataboutyou?M:IpreferChinesewhenitistake-away.ButI’dratherhaveItalianwhenIgoout.Text3W:MidwestAir,mayIhelpyou?M:Yes.What’syourdailyflightschedulefromChicagotoDetroit?W:Ah,let’ssee.Ourfirstflightisat5:18am,arrivingat6:10am.Thereisoneat8am,arrivingat8:50am.M:OK,thanks.Text4W:Excuseme,isthereatelephonearoundhere?M:Oh,yeah,it’sjustpastthetenniscourt.W:Thetenniscourt?M:Yes,it’snearthebackwallofthezoo.Text5M:Welcometoyour247weatherforecastbroughtyoubyyourInternetserviceprovider.TheweekwillbeginwithsnowwhichwillendbyTuesday.Thenit’scloudyeverydayuntiltheendoftheweekwhenwewillhavesomesunshine.Text6(6-7)W:Willyoubeputtingthisonyourcreditcard?M:No.Iwillpaycash.W:OK.Sothetotalcomesto130dollars,includingtax.M:Ithoughtitwas115dollars.That’swhattheysaidyesterdaywhenwecheckedin.W:Yes.Butthereisanextraroomchargeonyourbill.M:Oh.Iforgot.Mywifeorderedacheesecake.SorryW:Noproblem.So,from140dollars,hereisyourchange.Iwillneedtoaskforyourroomkeys.Text7(8-9)W:Whatdidyoudolastweekend,Bob?Stayathomeagain?M:No,IvisitedafriendandthenIwenttoadance.W:Didyouenjoythedance?M:No,Ididn’t.Thereweretoomanypeople.Ann,whataboutyou?W:OnSaturdayIwatchedTVinthemorningandwentshoppingintheafternoon.IplayedtennisonSunday.M:Ah,didyouwin?W:Yes,Idid.M:Rightthen.CanIhaveagamewithyousometimethisweekend.W:Sure.Text8(10-12)W:Iwenttolookatthosenewhousesnearthesportcenterthisafternoon.M:Oh,yes.W:Theyarereallynice.Thereisalotofspaceandeachhousehasgot3bedroomsandaseparateshowerroom.M:Em.W:Andthereisagardenattheback.John,willyouputdownyourbookaren'tyouinterested?M:Notespecially.W:Butwhy.Ithoughtyouwantedtomove.M:Youaretheonewhowantstomove.W:Butyousaidthelasttimeyourbrotherstayed,itisimpossibletolivewithoutanextrabedroom.M:Ididn’tsaythat.Ilikethisflat.Icanwalktowork.W:Youcouldstillwalktoworkifwemove.M:Itisfartheraway,anditisbeingfarmorenoisynearthesportscenter.W:Butitisnotexactlyquietlivingonthismainroad.M:Well.Wechosethisflattogether.Andyoudidn’tmindthenoisefromthemainroadthen.Iseemtorememberyouliketheideaofbeingclosetothebusstation.W:Idid.Andstilldo.Itissimplythatweneedmorespace.John,willyouatleastcomeadhavealookatthenewhouses.M:Verywell,then,butdonotexpecttochangemymind.W:OK.Wewilljustlook.Text9(13-15)WelcometotheCaliforniaGovernorSchool.Sinceitisyourfirstdayatschool,Iamgoingtogiveyouabriefintroductiontoourstudents’safetyinstructions.Firstly,anannouncement,foryoursafetyforyouandothers,allofyoumustattendthesafetytrainingprogramofferedbytheschoolsafetyofficethisafternoon.Attheendoftheprogram,youwillberequiredtocompleteasafetysheetpreparedbytheschool.Second,youmustnotleavethecampusduringtheweekdays.Nopartiesunlessateacherispresent.Tripstothebeach,bank,orpostoffice,arenotpermitted.Third,youmustgetfamiliarwiththesafetyequipment,suchasfireescapesandfireblankets;neverblockaccesstoanyemergencyequipmentorexit.Fourth,neverworkinthelaboratorywithoutyourteacher.Remembertotiebackloosehair,otherwise,itmaycatchfire,orfallintochemicalliquids.Also,brushinghairfromyourfacewithaglovedhandcanpassharmfulchemicalstoyourfaceoreyes.Text10(16-20)W:PacificBell.CanIhelpyou？M:I’dliketohavemyphonedisconnected,W:MayIaskwhy?M:Well.I’mmovinghouse.I’vejustgraduated,andIammovingtoCaliforniainAugustforanewjobthere.W:Congratulations!M:Thanks.W:Allright.MayIhaveyourphonenumber,please?M:Sure.Itis320-428-7859.W:Andthenameontheaccount,please?M:It’sEdwardRyefield.ThatisR-Y-E-F-I-E-L-D.W:OK,forsecuritypurposes,mayIhaveyourdateofbirth,please?M:It’sJune5,1988.W:Thankyou,nowwhenwouldyouliketohaveitdisconnected?M:August9,by5pm.W:Noproblem.M:Oh,yes,Onemorething.Ihaveamonthlypre-paidhomephoneplanwithyou.CanIhavesomeofmymoneybacknowthatIhavecanceledmyservicebeforetheendofthebillingcircle?W:Sorry,youcan’t.M:Toobad.W:Sorryaboutthat.Mr.Ryefield,thetelephonewillbedisconnectedat5pm,August9.第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題：每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain.______,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smoreB.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D.21. —Lookatthoseclouds!—Don’tworry.______itrains,we’llstillhaveagreattime.A.Evenif B.Asthough C.Incase D.Ifonly【考點(diǎn)】92：從屬連詞．【分析】﹣﹣看看那些云彩！﹣﹣不要擔(dān)心．即使下雨，我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)玩得很愉快．【解答】答案：A．A項(xiàng)"即使"；B項(xiàng)"好像"；C項(xiàng)"萬(wàn)一"；D項(xiàng)"要是…就好了"．B、D兩項(xiàng)常用語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，故應(yīng)排除．由still可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是假設(shè)．故選A項(xiàng)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞．只要知道每個(gè)連接詞的意思，再根據(jù)句意做出選擇即可．22.Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmeal______cold.A.gets B.hasgot C.willget D.isgetting【考點(diǎn)】E3：一般將來(lái)時(shí)．【分析】當(dāng)你看完這本書(shū)的時(shí)候，你的飯菜就會(huì)變冷．【解答】答案C．Bythetime+句子，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)"主將從現(xiàn)"法則，后面主句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選C．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，要根據(jù)句意去判斷動(dòng)詞存在的狀態(tài)．23.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand______them.A.corrects B.correct C.tocorrect D.correcting【考點(diǎn)】B6：動(dòng)名詞．【分析】句意：一個(gè)人通過(guò)犯錯(cuò)誤和糾正錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言．【解答】答案D．介詞by意為"通過(guò)…，憑…"，后面常接動(dòng)名詞，形成"by+v.-ing"結(jié)構(gòu)，表示通過(guò)做某事而得到某種結(jié)果．By后面有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)是makingmistakes，另外一個(gè)是correctingthem．故選D．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)名詞做介詞賓語(yǔ)的用法．24.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.A.why B.how C.that D.whether【考點(diǎn)】58：連接代詞．【分析】Jerry并不后悔做出這樣的評(píng)論，但是感覺(jué)他本可以換種方式表達(dá)．【解答】答案C．名詞性從句中若從句內(nèi)容完整，則根據(jù)句意選擇連接詞．若不缺"為什么、怎樣"等意思，則應(yīng)用that連接，故選C．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題主要考察名詞性從句（賓語(yǔ)從句），賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的確定，要看它在賓語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分，有沒(méi)有什么實(shí)際意義．25.Georgesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthe______.A.wouldn’t B.didn’t C.hasn’t D.hadn’t【考點(diǎn)】E2：一般過(guò)去時(shí)；GN：并列句．【分析】句意為：George說(shuō)他第二天要來(lái)學(xué)校看我，但是他卻沒(méi)來(lái)．【解答】答案：B．本題考查并列句中的時(shí)態(tài)．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)不確定時(shí)間發(fā)生某事，并對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)間發(fā)生某事，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有必然的聯(lián)系．這個(gè)"沒(méi)來(lái)"是什么時(shí)候沒(méi)來(lái)？當(dāng)然是"thenextday"，由并列句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said可知，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，可知"thenextday"為"過(guò)去的一個(gè)具體時(shí)間"，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查時(shí)態(tài)，一定要注意上下文所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)境．26.Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,______heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.that B.which C.where D.when【考點(diǎn)】59：關(guān)系代詞．【分析】當(dāng)他全身心地投入工作中時(shí)，他就會(huì)廢寢忘食，而他經(jīng)常這樣（全身心地投入工作）．【解答】答案B．由引導(dǎo)詞前面的逗號(hào)可知，這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以首先排除that．由定語(yǔ)從句的was可知，定語(yǔ)從句缺少表語(yǔ)，所以排除在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)的where和when．故選B項(xiàng)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做從句題時(shí)，首先看從句是否缺少成份，如果缺少就在關(guān)系代詞里找引導(dǎo)詞；如果不缺少成份，就在關(guān)系副詞里選擇引導(dǎo)詞．27._______withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.A.Use B.Using C.Used D.Touse【考點(diǎn)】BB：過(guò)去分詞．【分析】錫罐用得小心的話(huà)，可以用六周．【解答】答案：C．句子的主語(yǔ)onetin和use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)．相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句，Ifisusedwithcare,…故選C項(xiàng)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞．主要看句子的主語(yǔ)和分詞之間是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主動(dòng)關(guān)系就用現(xiàn)在分詞；被動(dòng)關(guān)系就用過(guò)去分詞．28.Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneeds_____.A.some B.less C.much D.more【考點(diǎn)】71：副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)．【分析】盡管很多人已經(jīng)捐贈(zèng)了那種血型，然而血庫(kù)里還需要更多．【解答】答案：D．由however可知，其前后意思形成對(duì)比，應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)．而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)是"更少地"，意思相反，不符合題意．故選D項(xiàng)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查副詞的比較等級(jí)．主要根據(jù)句意，判斷出副詞的意思，然后做出選擇．29.—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?—Yes,fortunatelynoone_____.A.hurt B.washurt C.hashurt D.hadbeenhurt【考點(diǎn)】F4：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)．【分析】﹣﹣你聽(tīng)說(shuō)市場(chǎng)上的火了嗎？﹣﹣是的，幸運(yùn)的是沒(méi)有人受傷．【解答】答案B．根據(jù)句意可知，那場(chǎng)大火已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，noone和hurt是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】時(shí)態(tài)題的考查關(guān)鍵是抓住句子的上下文含義和句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)．要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)選擇合適的時(shí)態(tài)，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要注意積累有關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)的用法和各種時(shí)態(tài)的特殊之處．還要注意語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確使用．30.Ourfriendship_____quicklyovertheweeksthatfollowed.A.haddeveloped B.wasdevelopingC.woulddevelop D.developed【考點(diǎn)】E2：一般過(guò)去時(shí)．【分析】在接下來(lái)的幾個(gè)星期里，我們的友誼發(fā)展得很快．【解答】答案D．因?yàn)閛verthatfollowed表示過(guò)去，選項(xiàng)A表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，意思是我們的友誼已經(jīng)發(fā)展完成了，與句意不符，選項(xiàng)B表示過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，也就是過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情，但本題中有quickly一詞，所以選項(xiàng)B也不正確，選項(xiàng)C表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，不符合題意，故選D．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】時(shí)態(tài)的考查要放在具體的語(yǔ)境之中，只有在語(yǔ)境中才可以正確的理解與使用．同時(shí)要抓住關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)判斷時(shí)態(tài)．31.______atthedoorbeforeyouentermyroom,please.A.Knock B.Knocking C.Knocked D.Toknock【考點(diǎn)】G9：祈使句．【分析】句意：請(qǐng)?jiān)谶M(jìn)入我房間前敲門(mén)．【解答】答案：A．本題是考查祈使句，祈使句通常向聽(tīng)話(huà)者發(fā)出命令，提出要求和建議，用動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題是基礎(chǔ)題，考查的是第二人稱(chēng)祈使句．32.Bird’ssingingiswarningtootherbirds___away.A.tostayB.stayingC.stayedD.stay【考點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞．【分析】句意：鳥(niǎo)叫有時(shí)是為了警告其他的鳥(niǎo)遠(yuǎn)離他們．【解答】答案：A．本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做目的狀語(yǔ)的情況，空格置于句中，主謂與todo之間無(wú)逗號(hào)間隔，譯為“為了”．可知A正確．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

首先判斷選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞在句中是以謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)形式出現(xiàn)，然后根據(jù)選項(xiàng)在句中的功能結(jié)合非謂語(yǔ)的基本用法做出合理的判斷．33.We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightface C.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced【考點(diǎn)】GJ：虛擬語(yǔ)氣．【分析】句意：我們本可以一起面對(duì)困難的，但是你為什么不告訴我？【解答】答案：C．根據(jù)whydidn’tyoutellme？中的過(guò)去時(shí)可知本題是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬．musthavedone表示一定做過(guò)某事；couldhavedone表示本可以做而實(shí)際上卻未做，表示惋惜；結(jié)合句意可知C正確．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣．but是個(gè)含蓄的虛擬條件句，所以一定要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，理解句意．另外，還要記牢情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone的意思．34.Doyouthinkthisshirtistootight____theshoulders?A.at B.on C.to D.across 【考點(diǎn)】82：方位介詞．【分析】句意：難道你不覺(jué)得這件襯衣肩部太緊了嗎？【解答】答案D．a(chǎn)crosstheshoulders此處表示"從肩的一邊到另一邊"；根據(jù)句意，是兩個(gè)肩膀之間太緊，用across．故選D．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查方位介詞，答題時(shí)要注意介詞的固定搭配，如acrosstheshoulders此處表示"從肩的一邊到另一邊"．35.Don’thandlethevaseasifit____madeofsteel.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen 【考點(diǎn)】GJ：虛擬語(yǔ)氣．【分析】句意：不要拿那個(gè)花瓶，就好像它是鐵做的一樣．【解答】答案：B．a(chǎn)sif（好像）后面的賓語(yǔ)從句如果表示虛假的情況，要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣．與現(xiàn)在相反的時(shí)候使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were），根據(jù)"Don’thandlethevase"可知，本題與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選：B．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣．a(chǎn)sif（好像）后面的賓語(yǔ)從句如果表示虛假的情況，要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣．與現(xiàn)在相反的時(shí)候使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were）；與過(guò)去相反使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)．第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inspiration“Mama,whenIgrowup,I’mgoingtobeoneofthose!”IsaidthisafterseeingtheCapitalDancingCompanyperformwhenIwasthree.Itwasthefirsttimethatmy__36__tookonavividformandactedassomethingimportanttostartmytraining.AsIgrewolderandwas__37__tomore,myinterestsintheworldofdance__38__variedbutthatlittlegirl’sdreamofsomedaybecominga__39__inthecompanyneverleftme.Inthesummerof2005whenIwas18,Ireceivedthephonecallwhichmadethatdreama__40__;Ibecameamemberofthecompany__41__backto1925.AsIlookbackonthatdaynow,itsurely__42__anysenseofreality.IbelieveIstayedinastateofpleasantdisbelief__43__Iwashalfwaythroughrehearsals(排練)onmyfirstday.Ineveractually__44__togetthejob.Afterbeingofferedtheposition,Iwascompletely__45__.Iremembershakingwithexcitement.ThoughIwasabsolutelythrilledwiththechange,itdidnotcomewithoutitsfairshareof__46__.Throughthestrictrehearsalperiodofdancingsixdaysaweek,Ifounditvitalto__47__upthematerialfastwitheverylastbitofconcentration.Itisthatextreme__48__todetail(細(xì)節(jié))andstressonpracticethatsetus__49__.Tothenfollowthosehigh-energyrehearsals__50__abusyshowscheduleofuptofiveperformancesaday,Idiscoveredanew__51__ofthewords“hardwork.”WhatIthoughtweremyphysical__52__werepushedmuchfurtherthanIthought__53__.Ilearnedtomakeeachperformancebetterthanthelast.Today,whenIlookattheunbelievablecompanythatIhavethegreat__54__ofbeingapartof,notonlyasamember,butasadancecaptain,Iseea__55__thathasinspirednotonlygenerationsoflittlegirlsbutasplendidcompanythatcontinuestodevelopandgrow-andinspirespeopleeverydaytofollowtheirdreams.A.hobbyB.planC.dreamD.word37.AconnectedB.expandedC.exposedD.extended38.A.rarelyB.certainlyC.probablyD.consistently39.A.directorB.trainerC.leaderD.dancer40.A.symbolB.memoryC.truthD.reality41.A.bouncingB.datingC.turningD.tracking42.A.lacksB.addsC.makesD.brings43.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.when44.A.caredB.expectedC.askedD.decided45.A.motivatedB.relaxedC.convincedD.astonished46.A.challengesB.profitsC.advantagesD.adventures47.A.putB.mixC.buildD.pick48.A.attentionB.associationC.attractionD.adaptation49.A.apartB.asideC.offD.back50.A.overB.byC.withD.beyond51.A.functionB.meaningC.expressionD.usage52.A.boundariesB.problemsC.barriersD.efforts53.A.necessaryB.perfectC.properD.possible54.A.talentB.honorC.potentialD.responsibility55.A.victoryB.trendC.traditionD.desire【考點(diǎn)】L1：記敘文；M6：人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀．【分析】本文是一篇記敘文．文章講述了小女孩在三歲時(shí)，第一次找到了自己的夢(mèng)想，渴望有一天成為舞蹈公司的舞者，當(dāng)她有幸成為其中一員時(shí)，看到了這家歷史悠久的公司的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)﹣不斷進(jìn)步，激勵(lì)人們每天去追逐夢(mèng)想．通過(guò)本文說(shuō)明夢(mèng)想會(huì)激勵(lì)人們前行．【解答】36-40CCBDD41-45BACBD46-50ADAAC51-55BADBC36．C．考查上下文照應(yīng)．三歲看舞蹈表演時(shí)，夢(mèng)想初步形成．與文章后面提到夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)呼應(yīng)．hobby業(yè)余愛(ài)好；plan計(jì)劃；word單詞，均與文章不符．37．C．考查語(yǔ)境中短語(yǔ)的用法．beexposedto接觸．這里的意思是在長(zhǎng)大的過(guò)程中，"我"接觸到更多的東西，對(duì)舞蹈的興趣也有了改變，但成為該公司舞蹈家的夢(mèng)想沒(méi)有改變．connect連接；expand擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)大，extend延伸，擴(kuò)大．38．B．考查語(yǔ)境中副詞的用法．certainly確實(shí)，當(dāng)然；rarely很少地，罕見(jiàn)地；probably可能；consistently一貫地．本句中作者的興趣確實(shí)會(huì)隨著年齡和閱歷的增加而改變．39．D．考查上下文名詞的選擇．作者從三歲就有了想成為舞蹈家的夢(mèng)想，這里還是原意的延伸，director導(dǎo)演；trainer教練員；leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)．40．D．考查名詞．這里作者接到了舞蹈公司的電話(huà)，從而使自己的夢(mèng)想變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)．makethatdreamareality使夢(mèng)想變成現(xiàn)實(shí)．symbol符號(hào)，象征；memory回憶，記憶；truth真理，真話(huà)．41．B．考查語(yǔ)境中動(dòng)詞的選擇．datebackto=datefrom起源于，追溯到．這里用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明公司成立于1925年．bounce彈跳，彈回；turn轉(zhuǎn)身；track追蹤，走過(guò)．42．A．考查動(dòng)詞．上一段作者談到被招為舞蹈團(tuán)成員，夢(mèng)想即將成真．對(duì)照下文，作者其實(shí)一直處于一種不相信的喜悅中．lack缺乏，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合語(yǔ)境．43．C．考查連詞．這里的意思是說(shuō)自己的這種不相信的喜悅一直到當(dāng)天排練的中間才消失．until直到，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合語(yǔ)境．44．B．考查動(dòng)詞．本句進(jìn)一步解釋接到通知當(dāng)天不相信的喜悅，是因?yàn)樽约簺](méi)有預(yù)料到會(huì)得到這份工作．care在乎，介意；expect期望，預(yù)料；ask要求，問(wèn)；decide決定．45．D．考查形容詞．本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明自己當(dāng)時(shí)的精神狀態(tài)是驚訝．motivated有積極性的；relaxed放松的，悠閑的；convinced確信的；astonished吃驚的．46．A．考查名詞．本段開(kāi)始用了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折句，然后用一個(gè)雙重否定句，說(shuō)明盡管"我"帶著不相信的喜悅參加第一天的訓(xùn)練，但困難和挑戰(zhàn)一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)減少．challenge挑戰(zhàn)；profit利潤(rùn)，收益；advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)，利益；adventure冒險(xiǎn)．47．D．考查固定短語(yǔ)．pickup這里的意思是"學(xué)會(huì)，掌握"．句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)集中精力盡快學(xué)好這些材料至關(guān)重要．putup舉起，搭建；mixup混合，攪拌；buildup加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)．48．A．考查名詞．承接上句集中精力，這里是想說(shuō)對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注和訓(xùn)練的壓力導(dǎo)致參與舞蹈的人的分化，即我脫穎而出的原因．a(chǎn)ttention關(guān)注；association聯(lián)合；attraction吸引；adaptation適應(yīng)．49．A．考查短語(yǔ)．見(jiàn)上題解析．setsbapart使分離，區(qū)分開(kāi)；setaside省出，撤銷(xiāo)，不顧；setoff出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；setback使推遲，耽誤．50．C．考查介詞．句意：每天都有高能量的訓(xùn)練和每天達(dá)到五場(chǎng)演出的時(shí)間安排，讓我體會(huì)了"hardwork"的新含義．with表示隨著．51．B．考查名詞．根據(jù)空格前后的句子可知，作者終于理解了"hardwork"的新含義，自己的潛能被發(fā)揮到極致．function功能；meaning意思；expression表達(dá)，表情；usage使用，用法．52．A．考查名詞．這里的句子是說(shuō)作者每天都有高能量的訓(xùn)練和演出，讓作者知道了她體能的潛力被發(fā)揮到超出想象的地步．boundary邊界，極限；problem問(wèn)題；barrier障礙；effort努力．53．D．見(jiàn)上題解析．necessary必要的；perfect完美的；proper恰當(dāng)?shù)?；possible可能的．這里指超過(guò)了所認(rèn)為可能的地步．54．B．考查名詞．在自己夢(mèng)寐以求的舞蹈團(tuán)中，不僅作為一個(gè)成員而且還是隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)是一種很高的榮譽(yù)．talent才能，天資；honor榮譽(yù)，榮耀；potential潛能；responsibility責(zé)任．55．C．考查名詞．這家公司不僅培養(yǎng)了幾代女孩，更讓自己發(fā)展壯大，每天都鼓舞著人們?nèi)プ穼?mèng)想．這是公司長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的傳統(tǒng)．victory勝利；trend趨勢(shì)；tradition傳統(tǒng)；desire欲望，渴望．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解答此類(lèi)題目可遵循以下步驟：第一步，通讀全文，了解文章大意，獲得整體印象，同時(shí)初選出一批較有把握的答案．第二步，邊核對(duì)初選答案邊補(bǔ)填留下的空格．如果短文難度較大，則可復(fù)讀幾遍，核對(duì)和確定答案．有些空一時(shí)決定不了，可作個(gè)記號(hào)，待復(fù)查時(shí)再確定．第三步，復(fù)查定稿．從整體理解角度出發(fā)，仔細(xì)審核答案，確保意義上、語(yǔ)法上沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤，同時(shí)對(duì)遺留下來(lái)的少數(shù)幾個(gè)空格作最后選擇．第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheBasicsofMath—MadeClearBasicMathintroducesstudentstothebasicconceptsofmathematics,aswellasthefundamentalsofmoretrickyareas.These30fantasticlecturesaredesignedtoprovidestudentswithanunderstandingofarithmeticandtopreparethemforAlgebra(代數(shù))andbeyond.ThelessonsinBasicMathcovereverybasicaspectofarithmetic.Theyalsolookintoexponents(指數(shù)),theorderofoperations,andsquareroots.Inadditiontolearninghowtoperformvariousmathematicaloperations,studentsdiscoverwhytheseoperationswork,howaparticularmathematicaltopicrelatestootherbranchesofmathematics,andhowtheseoperationscanbeusedpractically.BasicMathstartsfromtherelativelyeasierconceptsandgraduallymovesontothemoretroublesomeones,soastoallowforsteadyandsureunderstandingofthematerialbystudents.Thelecturesofferstudentsthechanceto“makesense”ofmathematicalknowledgethatmayhaveseemedsofrightening.Theyalsohelpstudentsprepareforcollegemathematicsandovercometheiranxietyaboutthisamazing—andcompletelyunderstandable—fieldofstudy.Bytheconclusionofthecourse,studentswillhaveimprovedtheirunderstandingofbasicmath.Theywillbeabletoclearawaythemystery(神秘性)ofmathematicsandfacetheirstudieswithmoreconfidencethantheyeverimagined.Inaddition,theywillstrengthentheirabilitytoacceptnewandexcitingmathematicalchallenges.ProfessorH.Siegel,honoredbyKentuckyEducationalTelevisionas“thebestmathteacherinAmerica,”isadevotedteacherandhasagiftforexplainingmathematicalconceptsinwaysthatmakethemseemclearandobvious.Fromthebasicconcreteideastothemoreabstractproblems,heismasterinmakingmathlectureslearner-friendlierandlessscary.WithaPhDinMathematicsEducationfromGeorgiaStateUniversity,Dr.SiegelteachesmathematicsatCentralArizonaCollege.Hiscoursesincludevariousmake-upclassesandanumberoflecturesforfutureprimaryschoolteachers.Ifthecoursefailstoprovidecompletesatisfactiontoyou,youcaneasilyexchangeitforanyothercoursethatweoffer.Oryoucangetyourmoneyback.56.WhatdoesthecourseBasicMathmainlycover?A.Algebra.B.CollegeMathematics.C.Arithmetic.D.MathematicsEducation.57.WhatbenefitscanstudentsexpectfromBasicMath?A.Strongerimaginativeability.B.Additionalpresentationskills.C.Moremathematicalconfidence.D.Greaterchancesofbecomingteachers.58.WhatcanwelearnaboutProfessorH.Siegel?A.HeisaguestlectureratKentuckyEducationalTelevision.B.Heistodeliver30lecturesinBasicMath.C.HeworksinGeorgiaStateUniversity.D.Hespecializesintrainingteachers.59.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Alessonplan. D.Anadvertisement.【考點(diǎn)】O5：科教類(lèi)閱讀；P2：文中細(xì)節(jié)；P4：邏輯推理．【分析】本文是一則廣告．文章介紹了由H．Siegel教授所教的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)課的內(nèi)容、益處以及H．Siegel教授的資質(zhì)等內(nèi)容．【解答】CCBD56．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段第一句"ThelessonsinBasicMathcovereverybasicaspectofarithmetic."可知，基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)課包括算術(shù)．故選C．57．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第四段第二句"Theywillbeabletoclearawaythemystery（神秘性）ofmathematicsandfacetheirstudieswithmoreconfidencethantheyeverimagined."可知，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)，學(xué)生可以消除掉數(shù)學(xué)的神秘性，獲得自己不曾想象到的自信．故選C．58．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第五段第一句"ProfessorH.Siegel,honoredbyKentuckyEducationalTelevision…"可知，A項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第六段第一句"WithaPhDinMathematicsEducationfromGeorgiaStateUniversity,Dr.SiegelteachesmathematicsatCentralArizonaCollege."可知，C項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第六段第二句"Hiscoursesincludevariousmake-upclassesandanumberoflecturesforfutureprimaryschoolteachers."可知，D項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第一段第二句"These30fantasticlecturesaredesignedto…"可知，這些課程包括30節(jié)課，再根據(jù)文章第六段可知，這些深程是由H．Siegel教授擔(dān)任老師，因此B項(xiàng)表述正確．故選B．59．D．體裁判斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知，如果課程不能令你百分百地滿(mǎn)意，你可以改換其他課程，或者要求退款．因此本文最有可能是為一則廣告．故選D．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做科教類(lèi)閱讀，要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1．瀏覽文章并確定其體裁．2．挖掘寓意，掌握中心思想，推出結(jié)論．3．把握篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，利用上下文進(jìn)行推測(cè)．第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheBasicsofMath—MadeClearBasicMathintroducesstudentstothebasicconceptsofmathematics,aswellasthefundamentalsofmoretrickyareas.These30fantasticlecturesaredesignedtoprovidestudentswithanunderstandingofarithmeticandtopreparethemforAlgebra(代數(shù))andbeyond.ThelessonsinBasicMathcovereverybasicaspectofarithmetic.Theyalsolookintoexponents(指數(shù)),theorderofoperations,andsquareroots.Inadditiontolearninghowtoperformvariousmathematicaloperations,studentsdiscoverwhytheseoperationswork,howaparticularmathematicaltopicrelatestootherbranchesofmathematics,andhowtheseoperationscanbeusedpractically.BasicMathstartsfromtherelativelyeasierconceptsandgraduallymovesontothemoretroublesomeones,soastoallowforsteadyandsureunderstandingofthematerialbystudents.Thelecturesofferstudentsthechanceto“makesense”ofmathematicalknowledgethatmayhaveseemedsofrightening.Theyalsohelpstudentsprepareforcollegemathematicsandovercometheiranxietyaboutthisamazing—andcompletelyunderstandable—fieldofstudy.Bytheconclusionofthecourse,studentswillhaveimprovedtheirunderstandingofbasicmath.Theywillbeabletoclearawaythemystery(神秘性)ofmathematicsandfacetheirstudieswithmoreconfidencethantheyeverimagined.Inaddition,theywillstrengthentheirabilitytoacceptnewandexcitingmathematicalchallenges.ProfessorH.Siegel,honoredbyKentuckyEducationalTelevisionas“thebestmathteacherinAmerica,”isadevotedteacherandhasagiftforexplainingmathematicalconceptsinwaysthatmakethemseemclearandobvious.Fromthebasicconcreteideastothemoreabstractproblems,heismasterinmakingmathlectureslearner-friendlierandlessscary.WithaPhDinMathematicsEducationfromGeorgiaStateUniversity,Dr.SiegelteachesmathematicsatCentralArizonaCollege.Hiscoursesincludevariousmake-upclassesandanumberoflecturesforfutureprimaryschoolteachers.Ifthecoursefailstoprovidecompletesatisfactiontoyou,youcaneasilyexchangeitforanyothercoursethatweoffer.Oryoucangetyourmoneyback.56.WhatdoesthecourseBasicMathmainlycover?A.Algebra.B.CollegeMathematics.C.Arithmetic.D.MathematicsEducation.57.WhatbenefitscanstudentsexpectfromBasicMath?A.Strongerimaginativeability.B.Additionalpresentationskills.C.Moremathematicalconfidence.D.Greaterchancesofbecomingteachers.58.WhatcanwelearnaboutProfessorH.Siegel?A.HeisaguestlectureratKentuckyEducationalTelevision.B.Heistodeliver30lecturesinBasicMath.C.HeworksinGeorgiaStateUniversity.D.Hespecializesintrainingteachers.59.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Alessonplan. D.Anadvertisement.【考點(diǎn)】OB：人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀；P2：文中細(xì)節(jié)；P4：邏輯推理．【分析】文章大意：老師布置作業(yè)給學(xué)生，寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)於華盛頓的報(bào)告．作者是新移民，在網(wǎng)上查到兩個(gè)叫華盛頓的，不知道老師要他寫(xiě)哪個(gè)人．于是去問(wèn)爺爺．爺爺也不知道，讓孫子去猜，即丟硬幣決定寫(xiě)哪一個(gè)華盛頓．結(jié)果，是寫(xiě)那個(gè)發(fā)明花生醬的華盛頓．當(dāng)孩子在班里讀報(bào)告的時(shí)候，全班孩子們都笑出眼淚來(lái)了．老師也不給孩子重寫(xiě)的機(jī)會(huì)，也沒(méi)有成績(jī)．后來(lái)，孩子很努力，得到學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的認(rèn)可，校長(zhǎng)通知他可以跳一級(jí)．【解答】BADB60．B推理判斷題．ridiculous可笑的．第一段中onlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes．可知同學(xué)們覺(jué)得我的報(bào)告很滑稽可笑．61．A推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第二段中Sincemyideaofhistorycamefromanancientteacherinmyhomecountry，Ihadneverheardofthatnamebefore．可知作者對(duì)美國(guó)歷史是不了解的．62．D詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)文章第三段第二句Iloweddownthepaperandsatdownatmydesk，可知我不知道發(fā)生了什么，所以在我發(fā)言后，希望知道為什么大家如此反應(yīng)的原因，即eagertofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong．63．B推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第四段中Consequently，Ithrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestoftheschoolyear．可知，作者在接下來(lái)的時(shí)間里投入很大精力去努力學(xué)習(xí)．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】故事類(lèi)文章是通過(guò)記敘一件事來(lái)表達(dá)中心思想的，尤其要分析文章的結(jié)尾，另外，敘述一件事必有其目的，或闡明某一觀點(diǎn)，或贊美某種品德，或抨擊某種陋習(xí)，這就要求我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)，通過(guò)對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的理解，把握作者的態(tài)度．CDecision-makingunderStressAnewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages,causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative(負(fù)面的)consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn,”saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.”Forexample,tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment,someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheother,somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn’tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress–atthosemoments,onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter,butnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalled.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress,theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendtodobetter,whencautionweighsmore,however,womenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto______.A.keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB.recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC.makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD.learnasubjectmoreeffectively65.Accordingtotheresearch,stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir______.A.waysofmakingchoices B.preferenceforpleasureC.toleranceofpunishments D.responsestosuggestions66. Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,______.A.womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabitsB.menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdownC.womenfocusmoreonoutcomesD.menaremorelikelytotakerisks【考點(diǎn)】M5：科普知識(shí)類(lèi)閱讀；P2：文中細(xì)節(jié)；P4：邏輯推理．【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述的是壓力對(duì)人們不好的影響，在壓力之下人們作出決定時(shí)的考慮是不一樣的，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明人們?cè)谟袎毫Φ臅r(shí)候通常想到的是積極的一面比較多，同時(shí)也介紹了男人和女人在面對(duì)不同的壓力時(shí)反映也是不同的．【解答】AAD63．A推理判斷．根據(jù)第一段最后一句"causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative（負(fù)面的）consequencesofadecision."可知，在壓力之下人們更可能聚焦于快樂(lè)的事情而不是負(fù)面的結(jié)果，故他們更容易記住記憶里好的事情，A正確．64．A細(xì)節(jié)理解．根據(jù)文章第二段"Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways."可知，壓力可以改變?nèi)藗冏龀鰶Q定的方式．故A正確．65．D細(xì)節(jié)理解．根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendtodobetter,whencautionweighsmore,however,womenwillwin."可知，男性更可能去冒險(xiǎn)．故D正確．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案；推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)．DWilderness“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.AsJohnSauv