新人教版高中英語必修第一冊學(xué)案2：Discovering Useful Structures

新人教版高中英語必修第一冊PAGEPAGE1Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldDiscoveringUsefulStructuresRestrictiverelativeclauses(2)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.Tomasterthebasicusagesofrelativeadverbsofattributiveclauses.2.Tolearntouserelativeadverbsofattributiveclausesmentionedflexibly.重難點1.Toappreciatethefunctionofrelativeadverbsofattributiveclausesinasentence.2.Towriteessaysusingtheproperrelativeadverbsofattributiveclauses.課前診斷本節(jié)語法思考：定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有哪些？判定依據(jù)是什么？學(xué)習(xí)過程關(guān)系副詞的用法自主探究語法自主探究一、判斷定語從句的關(guān)系副詞的方法如果先行詞是指代“時間的名詞”，還原到定語從句中作_________，則用關(guān)系副詞when；如果先行詞是指代“地點的名詞”，還原到定語從句中作___________，則用關(guān)系副詞where；如果先行詞是指代“原因的名詞（reason）”，還原到定語從句中作______________，則用關(guān)系副詞why。二、關(guān)系副詞的基本用法指代關(guān)系副詞在從句中的作用例句時間名詞when（=at/in/on+which）時間狀語Ishallneverforgettheday________________________(我們搬入新房子的那一天).地點名詞where（=at/in/on+which）地點狀語Thisisthevillage______________________________.這就是我父親出生的村莊。原因名詞why（=forwhich）原因狀語Thisisthereason___________________________.這是他錯過早班車的原因。三、關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的正確使用關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的選擇要看先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：如果作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞；如果作主語、賓語、表語，則用關(guān)系代詞，而不能只看先行詞是什么。I’llneverforgettheday______________________________________.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的那一天。I’llneverforgettheday______________________________________.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們在農(nóng)場一起工作的那一天。Heworksinthefactory______________________________________.他在我去年參觀的那個工廠工作。Heworksinthefactory______________________________________.他在制造這些自行車的那個工廠工作。Thisisthereason___________________________________________.這就是他對我們解釋的理由。Idon’tknowthereason______________________________________.我不知道他如此生氣的原因。四、關(guān)系副詞易錯點：1.where指代抽象地點，意為“在……中（下）”where既可以指代具體的地點名詞，也可指代抽象地點名詞，常見的抽象地點名詞：case,point,situation,condition,scene,stage,position，activity,platform,race,environment,atmosphere,family,job等。Ihavereachedapointinmylife___________________________________________.我已經(jīng)到了一個在我人生中自己做決定的地步了。Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment________________________________.目前人們更加關(guān)心他們所居住的環(huán)境。Lifeislikealongrace_________________________.人生像一場長跑比賽,我們在比賽中和他人競爭以超越自己。2.when指代抽象時間，意思為“在……的時間里”when既可以指代具體的時間名詞，也可指代抽象時間名詞，常見的有occasion（時機）,time,age,period等。Occasionsarequiterare________________________.我有時間和孩子們呆一天的機會很少。Wearelivinginanage____________________我們生活在一個(許多事情靠計算機來做的)時代。3.why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不能用why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich。Ihavetoldhimthereason,___________Imissedtheearlybus.我沒趕上早班車,我已經(jīng)告訴了他原因。Themainreason,________helosthisjob,wasthathedranktoomuch.他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。4.way作先行詞①先行詞way在定語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語，引導(dǎo)詞用that或inwhich，也可省略。（注意不用how,how不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。）②充當(dāng)主語、賓語，引導(dǎo)詞用that或which，做主語時不可省略，做賓語時可省略。Thisistheway_________hesolvedtheproblem.這就是他解決問題的方法。Thisistheway__________heusedtosolvetheproblem.這就是他所使用的解決問題的方法。Thisistheway_________wasusedtosolvetheproblem.這就是被使用的解決問題的方法。五、使用定語從句時注意的幾個方面：（一）分割式定語從句定語從句和它所修飾的先行詞中間插入謂語、狀語或另外的定語等成分，使定語從句與所修飾的名詞分割開來，或者插入語把引導(dǎo)詞與定語從句分割。理解句子時，注意找準(zhǔn)先行詞。AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachusEnglish.教我們英語的一位新老師明天就要到了。Thedaysaregone____________physicalstrengthwaswhatyouneededtomakealiving.完全靠體力掙錢謀生的時代已經(jīng)過去了。Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,_____weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.我和朋友爬到了山頂，在那里我們欣賞了美麗的湖光景色。Thescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery,________,ofcourse,isofgreatimportance.科學(xué)家另有發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)然，這個發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要。（二）易混從句對比1.Isthisfactorytheone(_________)youvisitedyesterday?Isthisthefactory(____________)youvisitedyesterday?2.Theoldmanhasthreesons,oneof__________isateacher.Theoldmanhasthreesons,andoneof________isateacher.3.Thenews(____________)hetoldusistrue.Thenews__________ourteamwonthegameistrue.4.Thedoctordidall(_____)hecouldtosavetheboy.Thedoctordid_________hecouldtosavetheboy.5._________isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainwasafamouswriter.___________isknowntotheworldthatMarkTwainwasafamouswriter.__________isknowntotheworldisthatMarkTwainwasafamouswriter.6.Youshouldleavethingsattheplace________youcanfindthemagaineasily.Youshouldleavethings________youcanfindthemagaineasily.7.判斷以下句子是什么句型？Itwasinthisplacethathewasborn.Thisistheplacewherehewasborn.Itwasinthefactorywhereheworkedthatwemeteachothertogether.Heissuchagoodteacher/sogoodateacheraswealllike.Heissuchagoodteacher/sogoodateacherthatwealllikehim.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeyesterdayisthathewasill.課后鞏固用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系副詞或關(guān)系代詞填空1.Istillremembertheday______IfirstcametoBeijing.2.Thisistheroom______mygrandparentslivedlastyear.

3.Doyouknowthereason______herefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.4.Chinaisalargecountry______manydifferentdialectsarespoken.5.Thefactory______hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.6.Thisisthehospital______mymotherworks.

7.Thatisthereason______Ididthejob.8.Idon’tknowtheexacttime______theywillmeet.

9.Istillremembertheplace______Imetherforthefirsttime.10.That’soneofthereasons______Iaskedyoutocome.11.Mr.WangwillflytoBeijing,______hewillstayforthreemonths.12.Therecomesatime______youhavetomakeachoice.13.Iamlookingforwardtotheday_____mydaughtercanknowmyfeelingsforher.14.We’llputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,______theweathermaybebetter.15.______weknow,thisistheday______thequakehappenedthirty-fiveyearsago.16.Heworksinafactory______makesthistypeofiPhone.17.Thisisthehospital______wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.18.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.19.Idoubtthereason______hegaveusforhisbeingabsentfromthemeeting.20.Theway_____ourchemistryteacherdidtheexperimentwasveryinteresting.

〖〖答案〗〖解析〗〗語法自主探究一、判斷定語從句的關(guān)系副詞的方法時間狀語;地點狀語;原因狀語二、關(guān)系副詞的基本用法指代關(guān)系副詞在從句中的作用例句時間名詞when（=at/in/on+which）時間狀語Ishallneverforgettheday__________________________(我們搬入新房子的那一天).〖答案〗whenwemovedintoournewhouse〖解析〗先行詞theday還原到從句中為:wemovedintoournewhouseontheday,作時間狀語，用when或onwhich地點名詞where（=at/in/on+which）地點狀語Thisisthevillage______________________________.這就是我父親出生的村莊?！即鸢浮絯heremyfatherwasborn〖解析〗先行詞thevillage還原到從句中為:myfatherwasborninthevillage,作地點狀語，用where或inwhich。原因名詞why（=forwhich）原因狀語Thisisthereason___________________________.這是他錯過早班車的原因。〖答案〗whyhemissedtheearlybus〖答案〗先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:hemissedtheearlybusforthereason,作原因狀語，用why或forwhich。三、關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的正確使用關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的選擇要看先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：如果作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞；如果作主語、賓語、表語，則用關(guān)系代詞，而不能只看先行詞是什么。I’llneverforgettheday______________________________________.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的那一天?！即鸢浮?that/which)Ispentwithyouonthefarm〖解析〗先行詞theday還原到從句中為:Ispentthedaywithyouonthefarm,作spent的賓語，用that/which。I’llneverforgettheday____________________________________.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們在農(nóng)場一起工作的那一天?！即鸢浮絯henIworkedwithyouonthefarm〖解析〗先行詞theday還原到從句中為:Iworkedwithyouonthefarmontheday,作時間狀語，用when或onwhich。Heworksinthefactory_______________________________.他在我去年參觀的那個工廠工作?！即鸢浮?that/which)Ivisitedlastyear〖解析〗先行詞thefactory還原到從句中為:Ivisitedthefactorylastyear,作visited的賓語，用that/which。Heworksinthefactory_______________________________.他在制造這些自行車的那個工廠工作?！即鸢浮絯herethesebikesaremade〖解析〗先行詞thefactory還原到從句中為:thesebikesaremadeinthefactory,作地點狀語,用where或inwhich。Thisisthereason___________________________________.這就是他對我們解釋的理由?！即鸢浮?that/which)heexplainedtous〖解析〗先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:heexplainedthereasontous,作explained的賓語，用that/which。Idon’tknowthereason__________________________________.我不知道他如此生氣的原因?！即鸢浮絯hyhewassoangry〖解析〗先行詞thereason還原到從句中為:hewassoangryforthereason,作原因狀語，用why或forwhich。四、關(guān)系副詞易錯點：1.where指代抽象地點，意為“在……中（下）”where既可以指代具體的地點名詞，也可指代抽象地點名詞，常見的抽象地點名詞：case,point,situation,condition,scene,stage,position，activity,platform,race,environment,atmosphere,family,job等。Ihavereachedapointinmylife_________________________________.我已經(jīng)到了一個在我人生中自己做決定的地步了?！即鸢浮絯hereIshouldmakedecisionsofmyownNowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment______________________.目前人們更加關(guān)心他們所居住的環(huán)境?！即鸢浮絯heretheyliveLifeislikealongrace____________________.人生像一場長跑比賽,我們在比賽中和他人競爭以超越自己?！即鸢浮絯herewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves2.when指代抽象時間，意思為“在……的時間里”when既可以指代具體的時間名詞，也可指代抽象時間名詞，常見的有occasion（時機）,time,age,period等。Occasionsarequiterare________________________.我有時間和孩子們呆一天的機會很少。〖答案〗whenIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykidsWearelivinginanage____________________.我們生活在一個(許多事情靠計算機來做的)時代?！即鸢浮絯henmanythingsaredoneoncomputers3.why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句不能用why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich。Ihavetoldhimthereason,___________Imissedtheearlybus.我沒趕上早班車,我已經(jīng)告訴了他原因?！即鸢浮絝orwhich〖解析〗非限制性定語從句不能用why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich。Themainreason,________helosthisjob,wasthathedranktoomuch.他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒?！即鸢浮絝orwhich〖解析〗非限制性定語從句不能用why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich。4.way作先行詞①先行詞way在定語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語，引導(dǎo)詞用that或inwhich，也可省略。（注意不用how,how不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。）②充當(dāng)主語、賓語，引導(dǎo)詞用that或which，做主語時不可省略，做賓語時可省略。Thisistheway_________hesolvedtheproblem.這就是他解決問題的方法。〖答案〗(that/inwhich)〖解析〗先行詞theway還原到定語從句中為：hesolvedtheproblemintheway，作方式狀語，引導(dǎo)詞用that或inwhich，也可省略。Thisistheway__________heusedtosolvetheproblem.這就是他所使用的解決問題的方法。〖答案〗that/inwhich〖解析〗theway作used的賓語，that/which可省略。Thisistheway_________wasusedtosolvetheproblem.這就是被使用的解決問題的方法?！即鸢浮絫hat/which〖解析〗theway作wasused的主語，that/which不可省略。五、使用定語從句時注意的幾個方面：（一）分割式定語從句定語從句和它所修飾的先行詞中間插入謂語、狀語或另外的定語等成分，使定語從句與所修飾的名詞分割開來，或者插入語把引導(dǎo)詞與定語從句分割。理解句子時，注意找準(zhǔn)先行詞。AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachusEnglish.教我們英語的一位新老師明天就要到了。Thedaysaregone____________physicalstrengthwaswhatyouneededtomakealiving.完全靠體力掙錢謀生的時代已經(jīng)過去了?！即鸢浮絯henIwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,_____weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.我和朋友爬到了山頂，在那里我們欣賞了美麗的湖光景色。〖答案〗whereThescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery,________,ofcourse,isofgreatimportance.科學(xué)家另有發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)然，這個發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要?！即鸢浮絯hich（二）易混從句對比1.Isthisfactorytheone(_________)youvisitedyesterday?〖答案〗that/which可省略〖解析〗theone作表語，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾theone，可省略。Isthisthefactory(____________)youvisitedyesterday?〖答案〗that/which可省略〖解析〗that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句并作賓語，可省略。2.Theoldmanhasthreesons,oneof__________isateacher.〖答案〗whom〖解析〗定語從句，用引導(dǎo)詞whom。Theoldmanhasthreesons,andoneof________isateacher.〖答案〗them〖解析〗并列句，用代詞them。3.Thenews(____________)hetoldusistrue.〖答案〗that/which〖解析〗定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞用that和which都可。Thenews__________ourteamwonthegameistrue.〖答案〗that〖解析〗同位語從句，引導(dǎo)詞只用that，不用which。4.Thedoctordidall(_____)hecouldtosavetheboy.〖答案〗that〖解析〗有先行詞all，that引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thedoctordid_________hecouldtosavetheboy.〖答案〗what〖解析〗?jīng)]有先行詞，what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。5._________isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainwasafamouswriter.〖答案〗As〖解析〗as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。___________isknownto