福建省泉州市2025屆高三下學(xué)期3月第三次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試題 英語 含解析

泉州市2025屆高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（三）高三英語（試卷滿分：150分，考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生須在試題卷、答題卡規(guī)定的位置填寫自己的準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名。考生應(yīng)認(rèn)真核對答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名是否一致。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束，考生須將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apainting.B.Aforest.C.Azoo.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Travelinginascenicspot.B.Discussingaweekendplan.C.Lookingforaparkingspace.3.WhatisTonygoingtodo?A.Takeavacation.B.Launchabusiness.C.Returntocollege.4.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toorderthemeal.B.Toappreciatetheservice.C.Toaddressabillingerror.5.Whenwillthespeakersvisitthemuseum?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthestudentsjoinin?A.Adramashow.B.Asportsevent.C.Atalentcompetition.7.WhatdoesMr.Wilsonemphasise?A.Fixedlocation.B.Protectivemeasures.C.Flexiblearrangements.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howlonghasthewomanbeencollectingstamps?A.Fortwoyears.B.Sinceshewastwelve.C.Forovertenyears.9.Whatdoesthewomanexploreaboutthestampsshecollects?A.Theirfacevalue.B.Thestoriesbehindthem.C.Theirdesign.10.Whatstampsdoesthewomancollectnow?A.StampsaboutChinesestories.B.Stampsofforeignscenery.C.Stampsonenvironmentalprotection.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Guideandvisitor.B.Managerandemployee.C.Hostandguestspeaker.12.Whatisthepurposeofthe“GreenThumb”project?A.Togreencityspaces.B.Tobringneighborscloser.C.Toexploregardeningskills.13.Whatwillthe“GreenThumb”projectdonext?A.Engagemorecommunities.B.Employeco-friendlypolicies.C.Integrateworkshopsandclasses.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatcanweknowaboutSmartBuddyQ?A.Itfocusesonacademicfunction.BItprovidespersonalisedsupport.C.Itservesentertainmentpurposes.15.WhodevelopedSmartBuddyQ?A.Studentsoftheroboticsclub.B.Professionalengineers.C.Teachersattheschool.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheprogram?A.Doubtful.B.Indifferent.C.Impressed.17.Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingasocialprogram.B.Introducingarobotproject.C.Presentingasciencecourse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoesJamiedo?A.AParkourlearner.B.AParkourcoach.C.AParkourclubleader.19.WheredidJamieandhisgroupfirstdoParkour?A.Onaschoolplayground.B.Inagym.C.Inapark.20.WhichisthebestpartofdoingParkouraccordingtoJamie?A.Socialfunction.B.Entertainmentaspect.C.Coolcostume.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AScienceSummerProgramsLetyourinnerscientistcomeouttoplayandexplorethewondersofthenaturalworld:takepartinoneofthemanysciencesummerprogramsavailable.Theseprogramsandcamps,tailoredformiddleandhighschoolers,offeratreasurelistofpossibilitiesforlearningandadventure.Seekingaboostforyourcurrentscienceclasses?EagertocheckoutdifferentSTEMfields?There’saprogramforyou!Program1:WorldScholarsAcademyWorldScholarsAcademyprovidesliveonlinesummercoursesforstudentsfromages12-18designedandtaughtbyworld-leadinginstructorsfromestablisheduniversities.Exploreyourfuturecareerpathandaccelerateyoursuccesswithpersonalisedacademicguidanceandhigh-levelinstructionfromtheworld’smostaccomplishededucators.Program2:STEM/MedicineProgramsatLeadingUniversitiesOutsetisaleading1-weekpre-collegeprogramattopuniversitiesfor9th-12thgradersinterestedinSTEM,medicineandhealthcarecareers.Ifstudentsareinterestedinaphysicianorhealthcarecareer,Outsetmightbeagreatchoice.Wehelpstudentsbuildconfidenceandprepareforthepre-medpath.Theyalsogettotryhands-onactivitiesandhearworld-classspeakersontheirhealthcareerinterest.Applyonlinetoday!Program3:TeachMeWallStreetWallStreet101+Investing&Trading+Budgeting&Beyond–3weekFinanceandLifeSkillsprogramforgrades9-12.100%virtualprogramperfectforstudentswithsummerjobs,thosewhocannottravelandthosewhowanttogetthemselvesupforfuturefinancialsuccess.Program4:PolygieneSummerResearchProgramYoursubject,yourschedule,yourproject.Becomearesearcherwithone-on-oneguidancefromaPhDcandidatefromaTopUniversity.Polygieneresearchprogramsareavailableyear-roundandareproventogivestudentstheultimateedgeincollegeadmissionsbyhelpingyoudemonstratewhoyouareandwhatyoucareabout.1.Whatdothefirsttwoprogramshaveincommon?A.Career-relatedexploration. B.Career-planningcourses.C.Offlineguidance. D.Hands-onactivities.2.Whichprogrammostattractsastudentinterestedinfinance?A.Program1. B.Program2. C.Program3. D.Program4.3.WhatisafeatureofPolygieneSummerResearchProgram?A.Givensubjects. B.Fixedschedules.C.Individualisedinstruction. D.Admissionguarantee.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)面向中學(xué)生的科學(xué)暑期項(xiàng)目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program1部分中“Exploreyourfuturecareerpathandaccelerateyoursuccesswithpersonalisedacademicguidanceandhighlevelinstructionfromtheworld’smostaccomplishededucators.(在世界上最有成就的教育工作者的個(gè)性化學(xué)術(shù)指導(dǎo)和高水平教學(xué)下，探索你未來的職業(yè)道路，加速你的成功)”和Program2部分中“Ifstudentsareinterestedinaphysicianorhealthcarecareer,Outsetmightbeagreatchoice.Wehelpstudentsbuildconfidenceandprepareforthepremedpath.(如果學(xué)生對醫(yī)生或醫(yī)療保健職業(yè)感興趣，Outset可能是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。我們幫助學(xué)生建立信心，為醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科之路做準(zhǔn)備)”可知，這兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目都有與職業(yè)相關(guān)的探索。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program3部分中“WallStreet101+Investing&Trading+Budgeting&Beyond–3weekFinanceandLifeSkillsprogramforgrades9-12.(華爾街101+投資與交易+預(yù)算及其他——面向9至12年級學(xué)生的為期三周的金融和生活技能項(xiàng)目)”可知，Program3是關(guān)于金融方面的項(xiàng)目，所以對金融感興趣的學(xué)生最可能被這個(gè)項(xiàng)目吸引。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Program4:PolygieneSummerResearchProgram部分中“BecomearesearcherwithoneononeguidancefromaPhDcandidatefromaTopUniversity.(在頂尖大學(xué)的博士生的一對一指導(dǎo)下成為一名研究員)”可知，Polygiene暑期研究項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)是個(gè)性化指導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhenIwasfour,mygrandfathersuddenlygotlostinaparkoneday.ItwasthefirstinstancethatinformedusthathehadAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.Myauntstruggledtostayawakeatnighttowatchoverhim,butoftenfailed.Concernedaboutmyaunt’swell-beingandmygrandfather’ssafety,Isearchedwidelyforasolution,butinvain.Thentwoyearsago,whilelookingaftermygrandfather,Iwasimpressedbythemomentwhenhisfootlandedonthefloor.Whydon’tIputapressuresensoronthebottomofhisfoot?Oncehesteppedontothefloorandoutofthebed,thepressuresensorwoulddetectanincreaseinpressurecausedbybodyweightandthenwirelesslysendanalarmtothecaregiver’ssmartphone.Mydesiretocreateasensor-basedtechnologywasborn.Whenlayingoutmyplan,Ifacedthreemainchallenges.First,Ihadtocreateawearablesensor.Aftertestingdifferentmaterialslikerubber,whichwastoothick,Idecidedtoprintafilmsensorwithpressure-sensitiveinkparticles(顆粒).Next,Ihadtodesignawearablewirelesscircuit.Thankfully,IwasabletofindoutabouttheBluetoothlowenergytechnology,whichproduceslittlepowerandcanbedrivenbyacoin-sizedbattery.Lastly,Ilearnttocode(編碼)asmartphoneapptoturnthecaregiver’ssmartphoneintoaremotemonitor.Integratingthesecomponents,Isuccessfullycreatedtwomodels:abuilt-insocksensorandare-attachableone.Havingtesteditonmygrandfatherwith100%successindetectinghiswandering,Ibeta-testeditatCaliforniacarefacilitieslastsummer.Now,I’musingresponsefromteststoimproveitintoamarketableproduct.OnethingI’llneverforgetiswhenmydevicefirstcaughtmygrandfather’swanderingatnight.Atthatmoment,Iwasreallystruckbythepoweroftechnologytochangelivesforthebetter.4.Whatdrovetheauthortoseekasolution?A.HisknowledgeaboutAlzheimer’s. B.Theencouragementfromhisaunt.C.Hisworriesabouttreatingpatients. D.Thestruggleoftendinghisgrandfather.5.Whatisthepurposeofdetectingthepressureunderapatient’sfeet?A.Tomeasurehisweight. B.Tomonitorhismotion.C.Torecordhiswalkingpace. D.Toestimatehishealthstatus.6.Whydidtheauthorchooseaprintedfilmsensor?A.It’sthin. B.It’senergy-saving.C.It’scoin-sized. D.It’swireless.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?AProtectingWanderingLovedOnesB.HowTechnologyEmpowersLivesC.TheChallengesofAlzheimer’sDiseaseCareD.AFamily’sStrugglewithAlzheimer’sDisease【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的祖父患有阿爾茨海默病，家人照顧困難，作者為解決問題發(fā)明壓力傳感器設(shè)備監(jiān)測祖父行動，以保障其安全?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.Myauntstruggledtostayawakeatnighttowatchoverhim,butoftenfailed.Concernedaboutmyaunt’swellbeingandmygrandfather’ssafety,Isearchedwidelyforasolution,butinvain.(在過去的12年里，他不斷惡化的病情和四處游蕩的行為一直讓我們擔(dān)憂。我姑姑晚上努力保持清醒照看他，但經(jīng)常做不到。出于對姑姑健康和祖父安全的擔(dān)憂，我四處尋找解決辦法，但都徒勞無功)”和第二段中“Thentwoyearsago,whilelookingaftermygrandfather,Iwasimpressedbythemomentwhenhisfootlandedonthefloor.Whydon’tIputapressuresensoronthebottomofhisfoot?(兩年前，在我照顧祖父的時(shí)候，他的腳著地的那一刻給我留下了深刻的印象。不如我在他腳底裝個(gè)壓力傳感器吧？)”可知，照顧祖父的艱難促使作者尋求解決辦法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oncehesteppedontothefloorandoutofthebed,thepressuresensorwoulddetectanincreaseinpressurecausedbybodyweightandthenwirelesslysendanalarmtothecaregiver’ssmartphone.(一旦他下床踩到地板上，壓力傳感器就會檢測到體重造成的壓力增加，然后將警報(bào)無線發(fā)送到護(hù)理人員的智能手機(jī)上)”可知，檢測病人腳下壓力的目的是監(jiān)測他的行動。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aftertestingdifferentmaterialslikerubber,whichwastoothick,Idecidedtoprintafilmsensorwithpressuresensitiveinkparticles(顆粒).(在測試了像橡膠這樣不同的材料后，發(fā)現(xiàn)橡膠太厚了，我決定用壓敏油墨顆粒打印一個(gè)薄膜傳感器)”可知，橡膠太厚了，所以作者選擇打印薄膜傳感器，因?yàn)樗鼙?。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Overthepast12years,hisworseningconditionandhiswanderinghavebeenworryingus.(在過去的12年里，他不斷惡化的病情和四處游蕩的行為一直讓我們擔(dān)憂)”以及第四段中“Havingtesteditonmygrandfatherwith100%successindetectinghiswandering(在我祖父身上測試時(shí)，它100%成功地檢測到了他的游蕩行為)”可知，文章主要圍繞作者為防止患有阿爾茨海默病的祖父走失，發(fā)明壓力傳感器設(shè)備來保障其安全的故事。故A項(xiàng)“ProtectingWanderingLovedOnes(保護(hù)四處游蕩的親人)”能概括文章主旨，最適合做標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CResearchersexploringthelightlesslandscapeofthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobservedhowoxygenisproducedonEarth.Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthatideaandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.TheresearchteaminScotland,believeoxygenisbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmaterialcalledpolymetallicnodules(多金屬結(jié)核),whichrangeinsizefromasmallparticletoaboutthedimensionsofapotato.Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygeninaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis(電解).Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectedsamplestotestaboveground,andtheycameupwiththesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthepolymetallicnodules.Seawatercanbesplitintohydrogenandoxygenwith1.5volts(伏特)ofelectricity,whichistheamountinanAAbattery.Researchersfoundthatsomeofthenodulespossessedasmuchas0.95voltsofelectricity,andmultiplenodulestogetherproducedenoughvoltages.Polymetallicnodulescontainmetalssuchasmanganese,nickelandcobalt,whichcanbeusedtomakethelithium-ionbatteriesusedinconsumerelectronics,appliancesandelectricvehicles.FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessor,saidthattheremaybeenoughpolymetallicnodulesinanareaofthePacificOceancalledtheClarion-ClippertonZonetomeetglobalenergydemandsfordecadesafter.Butminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotremoveoxygenforlifeformsinthatzone.“Afewyearsago,ateamofmarine(海洋)biologistswentbacktothoseareasmined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereuntouched,plentyoflife.”8.Whyisthediscoverysignificant?A.Itcastsdoubtontheexistenceof“darkoxygen.”B.Itshakestheviewonthesourceofoxygen.C.Itshowstheprocessofphotosynthesis.D.Itdisplaystheoriginoflifeitself.9.Whatenablesseawaterelectrolysisinthedeepsea?A.Photosynthesis. B.Sunlightreachingtheseafloor.C.Polymetallicnodules. D.Chemicalreactionsinseawater.10.Whyarethenodulesinspotlights?A.Todescribethemechanisminsplittingseawater.B.TodemonstratehowpowerfulAAbatteriesare.C.Tostressthepracticalityofelectricitygeneration.D.Toexplainwhymoreoxygenexistsnearthenodules.11.WhatcanweinferfromGeiger’swords?A.Marineecologymustberespectedwhileminingnodules.B.TheClarion-ClippertonZonehasnolifeduetomining.C.Marinebiologistsopposeminingintheocean.D.Miningnodulesisbeneficialformarinelife.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了多金屬結(jié)核在深海產(chǎn)生氧氣的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis,aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthatideaandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.(直到現(xiàn)在，人們一直認(rèn)為氧氣僅通過光合作用產(chǎn)生，而光合作用是一個(gè)需要陽光的過程。但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓這種觀點(diǎn)受到質(zhì)疑，同時(shí)也引發(fā)了有關(guān)生命起源本身的新問題。)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要意義是對氧氣的來源這一觀點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生了懷疑，動搖了關(guān)于氧氣來源的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“TheresearchteaminScotland,believeoxygenisbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmaterialcalledpolymetallicnodules(多金屬結(jié)核),whichrangeinsizefromasmallparticletoaboutthedimensionsofapotato.(蘇格蘭的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，氧氣是由一種名為多金屬結(jié)核的帶電物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的，這些多金屬結(jié)核的大小不一，小的如同微小的顆粒，大的則和土豆的尺寸差不多。)”和第四段“Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygeninaprocesscalledseawaterelectrolysis(電解).(Sweetman說，這些結(jié)核“實(shí)際上就是巖石中的電池”，它們可能利用自身的電荷，通過一種叫做海水電解的過程，將海水分解成氫氣和氧氣。)”可知，深海中的海水電解是由多金屬結(jié)核實(shí)現(xiàn)的。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段“Researchersconductedtestsontheseafloorandalsocollectedsamplestotestaboveground,andtheycameupwiththesameresult:thatoxygenlevelsincreasednearthepolymetallicnodules.(研究人員在海底進(jìn)行了測試，并收集了樣品在地面上進(jìn)行測試，他們得出了相同的結(jié)果：多金屬結(jié)核附近的氧氣水平增加了。)”可知，對結(jié)核的關(guān)注是為了解釋為什么結(jié)核附近的氧氣更多。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中““Afewyearsago,ateamofmarine(海洋)biologistswentbacktothoseareasmined40yearsagoandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereuntouched,plentyoflife.”(Geiger說：“幾年前，一組海洋生物學(xué)家回到了40年前曾被開采過的區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)那里基本上沒有生命存在。而在距離該區(qū)域左右?guī)装倜椎牡胤?，多金屬結(jié)核未被開采過，那里卻有著豐富的生命。”)”可知，在被開采過的地區(qū)幾乎沒有生命，而在結(jié)核未被開采過的地區(qū)有很多生命，由此可推斷出在開采結(jié)核時(shí)必須尊重海洋生態(tài)。故選A。DWetendtothinkoflargecitiesasmeltingpots—placeswherepeoplefromallsortsofbackgroundscanassociateandinteract.Butaccordingtoanewresearch,peopleinbigcitiestendtoprimarilyinteractwithotherindividualsinthesamesocioeconomiclevel,whilepeopleinsmallcitiesandruralareasaremuchmorelikelytohavediverseinteractions.AteamofresearchersledbyStanfordUniversityusedGPSdatacollectedfrom9.6millioncellphonesintheUnitedStatestodeterminehowoftenpeopleofdifferentsocioeconomicstatusescrossedpathsduringtheday.Afterinferringeachperson’ssocioeconomicstatusfromestimatedrentalpricesonahousingmarketingwebsite,theresearcherscountedpotentialinteractionsbetweenusersoverthecourseoftheday—timeswheretwocellphoneshadGPSpings(定位儀)within50metersofeachotherwithinafive-minutewindow.Theycollecteddataonalmost1.6billionpath-crossings.Theresearchersfoundaclearpatternthathasbeenmissedbysimilarstudiesinthepast:largecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.“Thatseemslikeanunexpectedobservation,”saidJureLeskovec,aprofessoroftheteam.“Butthereisalargevarietyofchoicesinbigcities.InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.Thatseemstobethemainmechanismforsegregation.”Thegoodnewsis,therearewaystobuildcitiestohavemoresocioeconomicmixing.Lookingatlargecities,theresearchersfoundthatthosethatplacedfrequently-visitedactivitycentresbetweendifferentneighborhoods—insteadofinthecentreofeachneighborhood—werelesslikelytocontributetosocioeconomicsegregation.“We’velongemphasisedresidentialintegration,butwenowhaveanewway,”saidGrusky,amemberoftheresearchteam.“Whennewshoppingcentresandotheractivitycentresareupforapproval,weneedtomakesurethey’relocatedinplacesthatwillpromotediversity.”12.Whatisthemainfindingofthestudy?A.Peopleinsmallcitieshavemorediverseinteractions.B.Peopleinlargecitiesaremorelikelytosegregate.C.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytomixwithothers.D.Peopleindifferentsocioeconomicstatusesareequalincities.13.WhatdoesLeskovecthinkofthemainmechanismforsegregation?A.Itisunexpectedbutreasonable. B.Itisreasonablebutunacceptable.C.Itisacceptablebuthardtochange. D.Itishardtochangebutnecessary.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Therearemorechoicesinbigcities. B.Therearefewerchoicesinsmallcities.C.Therearemoreactivitycentresinbigcities. D.Therearefeweractivitycentresinsmallcities.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theimpactoftechnologyoncities. B.Theimpactofcitiesonsocioeconomicsegregation.C.Theimpactofsocioeconomicsegregationoncities. D.Theimpactofactivitycentresonsocioeconomicsegregation.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了斯坦福大學(xué)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)通過分析手機(jī)GPS數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)大城市中的人們更傾向于與相同社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的人交往，導(dǎo)致社會經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離，而小城市和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人們則更有可能進(jìn)行多樣化的互動，還提出了通過城市規(guī)劃來促進(jìn)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)混合的建議?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchersfoundaclearpatternthathasbeenmissedbysimilarstudiesinthepast:largecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)過去類似研究中被忽略的明顯模式：大城市導(dǎo)致了社會經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。)”可知，大城市中的人們更傾向于進(jìn)行社會經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Thatseemslikeanunexpectedobservation,”saidJureLeskovec,aprofessoroftheteam.“Butthereisalargevarietyofchoicesinbigcities.InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.Thatseemstobethemainmechanismforsegregation.(“這似乎是一個(gè)出乎意料的觀察結(jié)果，”該團(tuán)隊(duì)的教授尤爾·列斯科維奇（JureLeskovec）說。“但在大城市有很多選擇。在紐約，你可以花10美元或1000美元吃一頓晚餐，而如果你住在一個(gè)只有一家餐館的地方，無論貧富，每個(gè)人都去那里。這似乎是造成種族隔離的主要機(jī)制?！?”可知，Leskovec認(rèn)為隔離機(jī)制雖然意外但合理。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InNewYork,youcanspend$10or$1,000onadinner,whileifyouliveinaplacewithonlyonerestaurant,everyonegoesthere,richorpoor.(在紐約，你可以花10美元或1000美元吃一頓晚餐，而如果你住在一個(gè)只有一家餐廳的地方，每個(gè)人都會去那里，無論貧富。)”可知，大城市中有更多的選擇。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章整體內(nèi)容，尤其是第三段“l(fā)argecitiescontributedtosocioeconomicsegregation.(大城市導(dǎo)致了社會經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離。)”和第五段“Thegoodnewsis,therearewaystobuildcitiestohavemoresocioeconomicmixing.(好消息是，有一些方法可以建設(shè)城市以促進(jìn)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)混合。)”可知，文章主要講述的是城市對社會經(jīng)濟(jì)隔離的影響。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IwaselevenyearsoldwhenIspottedmyneighbour,Julie,workinginhergarden.SheaskedmeifIwouldhelphercutbackthehedge(樹籬)overgrownoverthepathway.IagreedandmybrotherJoshalsocamealongtohelpus.WewheeledJulie’sgardenbin(垃圾桶)downtothehedge.___16___Wepostedphotosofourhandiworkon“OurMalmesbury”,ourlocalFacebookGroup.Thecommunityreactionwasamazing.Awheelchairuserwassogratefulthathedidn’thavetogoontotheroadanymoretopassthehedge.___17___Manypeopleraisedtheirhandstovolunteeranddomoretokeepourtowntidy.___18___Before,itlookedabitrundown,butnow,theplacelookscleanerandtidier.Residentscommenthowamazingtheroseslookwhentheyflowerandmaketheplacebrighter.Tokeeptheprojectsgoing,Imanagedtosortfundingthroughlocalbusinessesandassociations.Iusedawebsiteonlinethatlistsavailablegrants(補(bǔ)助).___19___SoJulieappliedonourbehalf.Thefundinghashelpedusobtaintrees,plantsandgardeningequipment.Whenwefirststarted,everythingwasdoneoutofmyparent’sgarage.Istartedwithnothing,justborrowingequipmentwealreadyhad.Butastimewenton,donationscameinfromthelocalcommunity.___20___ItgotsobigthatwehadtomovethisalltoJulie’s.OurFacebookPagecurrentlysitsat669members.I’msopleasedthatsixyearslater,thecampaignisstillinfullswing.Ourmissionwon’tstop.A.Thewholetownwasinspiredtofollowourlead.B.WhenIfirsttriedtoapply,Iwasn’toflegalage.C.Allthreeofustackledawayatituntilwereducedit.D.Withmanywillinghands,ourtownhastransformed.E.IevenwonagranttofundtheplantingofQueenappletrees.F.Thiswasthebeginningofmanycommunityprojectscompletedbyvolunteers.G.Ourgaragegotfilledupsoquicklywithbrushes,gardeningtoolsandleafblowers.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和鄰居Julie及兄弟Josh修剪樹籬，激發(fā)社區(qū)參與，并通過申請補(bǔ)助推動更多美化項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳解】由上文“IwaselevenyearsoldwhenIspottedmyneighbour,Julie,workinginhergarden.SheaskedmeifIwouldhelphercutbackthehedge(樹籬)overgrownoverthepathway.IagreedandmybrotherJoshalsocamealongtohelpus.WewheeledJulie’sgardenbin(垃圾桶)downtothehedge.(我11歲那年，看到鄰居朱莉在花園里干活。她問我是否愿意幫她修剪長得高過了小路的樹籬。我答應(yīng)了，我哥哥喬希也來幫我們。我們把朱莉的垃圾桶推到樹籬旁。)”可知，上文描述的是作者和兄弟一起幫助鄰居修剪樹籬的情景。本空應(yīng)描述修剪樹籬的過程和結(jié)果。C選項(xiàng)“Allthreeofustackledawayatituntilwereducedit.(我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人一直在努力修剪，直到把它修剪好。)”能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】由上文“Awheelchairuserwassogratefulthathedidn’thavetogoontotheroadanymoretopassthehedge.(一位輪椅使用者非常感激，因?yàn)樗槐卦谏下窌r(shí)繞過樹籬了。)”可知，上文講述的是修剪完樹籬給社區(qū)帶來的好處之一。本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)闡述修剪樹籬的影響，A選項(xiàng)“Thewholetownwasinspiredtofollowourlead.(整個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)都受到鼓舞，效仿我們的做法。)”能夠承接上文，說明修剪樹籬的行為給整個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)帶來的影響，符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳解】由下文“Before,itlookedabitrundown,butnow,theplacelookscleanerandtidier.(以前，這里看起來有點(diǎn)破舊，但現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)地方看起來更干凈、更整潔了。)”可知，下文講述的是小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生的變化。本空應(yīng)概括小鎮(zhèn)的變化，D選項(xiàng)“Withmanywillinghands,ourtownhastransformed.(在許多樂于助人的幫助下，我們的小鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。)”能夠承接上文，說明許多人的自愿參與給小鎮(zhèn)帶來的變化，同時(shí)引出下文小鎮(zhèn)變得更加整潔的具體描述，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】由上文“Iusedawebsiteonlinethatlistsavailablegrants(補(bǔ)助).(我使用了一個(gè)在線網(wǎng)站，上面列出了可用的補(bǔ)助。)”以及下文“SoJulieappliedonourbehalf.(所以朱莉代表我們申請了。)”可知，上文描述申請補(bǔ)助，下文描述別人代替申請，本空應(yīng)描述不能申請補(bǔ)助的原因。B選項(xiàng)“WhenIfirsttriedtoapply,Iwasn’toflegalage.(當(dāng)我第一次嘗試申請時(shí)，我還未到法定年齡。)”能解釋為什么是朱莉代表申請，符合語境。故選B?！?0題詳解】由上文“Butastimewenton,donationscameinfromthelocalcommunity.(但隨著時(shí)間的推移，來自當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的捐贈陸續(xù)到來。)”以及下文“ItgotsobigthatwehadtomovethisalltoJulie’s.(東西變得如此之多，以至于我們不得不把所有這些搬到朱莉家去。)”可知，上文描述捐贈陸續(xù)到來，下文描述不得不把所有這些搬到朱莉家去，本空應(yīng)描述捐贈的東西過多放不下了。G選項(xiàng)“Ourgaragegotfilledupsoquicklywithbrushes,gardeningtoolsandleafblowers.(我們的車庫很快就被刷子、園藝工具和吹葉機(jī)填滿了。)”符合語境，描述了捐贈的物品使車庫填滿，后來不得不搬到朱莉家。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthesummerof2024,CarolinewasdoingaDIYhomeproject.It___21___1,500poundsofgravel(礫石).Sosheheadedtoahomeimprovementstore,andstarted___22___hercar.“I’mloading,loading.Andthisoldermancomesover,”Caroline___23___“Doyouknowthatyourcarhasa___24___limit?”Themanasked.Carolinedidnotknowthat.Whatnow?Shegot___25___!Thatwaswhenthemanmadeanofferofunusual___26___“Icanloadyouupinmytruck.”Withthis,hehelpedherunloadalltheheavygravelfromhercar.___27___heloadeditintohistruck.Shesharedher___28___,andtheyexchangednumbers.Whenthey____29____herhouse,themanhelpedherunloadall1,500poundsofgravelontoherdriveway.Shedidn’twanthimtoleave____30____tryingtoofferhimmoney,thenwine,buthepolitelyrefused.Thenshe____31____somethinghemightlike.“Doyoulikecucumbers(黃瓜)?”“Ilovecucumbers!”Hisface____32____litup.Carolineofferedhima____33____ofhergarden;itturnedouthe,too,hadbeenagardener.Shepickedahandfulofbigcucumbers,andgavethemtohim.____34____,hemarchedoffbacktohistruck.Today,____35____byherunsunghero,Carolinetriestobeonthelookoutforotherswhomightneedahand.21.A.required B.contained C.consumed D.produced22.A.gettingon B.checkingout C.fillingup D.drivingoff23.A.recalled B.announced C.declared D.responded24.A.fuel B.height C.speed D.weight25.A.relieved B.stuck C.impatient D.cross26.A.honesty B.bravery C.creativity D.generosity27.A.Nevertheless B.Otherwise C.Afterwards D.Meanwhile28.A.ideas B.gifts C.experience D.address29.A.spotted B.reached C.left D.approached30.A.speechless B.regretful C.empty-handed D.heart-broken31.A.gaveaway B.handedout C.pickedup D.thoughtof32.A.instantly B.gradually C.briefly D.ultimately33.A.tour B.scene C.flower D.cucumber34.A.Upset B.Excited C.Curious D.Confused35.A.reminded B.pressed C.inspired D.supported【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為記敘文。文章講述了Caroline在做DIY家庭項(xiàng)目時(shí)得到一位陌生老人幫助的故事，老人幫她運(yùn)礫石，她以黃瓜相贈，她深受感動并決定幫助他人?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要1500磅的礫石。A.required需要；B.contained包含；C.consumed消耗；D.produced生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)前文“CarolinewasdoingaDIYhomeproject.”和后文“Sosheheadedtoahomeimprovementstore”可知，Caroline在DIY家居項(xiàng)目，結(jié)合常識，她去家裝店是為了購買所以需要的礫石。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：于是她前往一家家裝店，開始往車?yán)镅b東西。A.gettingon上車；B.checkingout結(jié)賬離開；C.fillingup裝滿；D.drivingoff駕車離開。根據(jù)后文“I’mloading,loading”可知，她正在往車?yán)镅b礫石，也就是裝滿她的車。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：卡羅琳回憶道：“我往車上裝啊裝。這時(shí)一個(gè)老人走了過來?！盇.recalled回憶；B.announced宣布；C.declared宣稱；D.responded回應(yīng)。文章是在講述過去發(fā)生的事情，結(jié)合直接引語“I’mloading,loading.Andthisoldermancomesover,”可知，Caroline回憶當(dāng)時(shí)的場景。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你知道你的車有載重限制嗎？”老人問道。A.fuel燃料；B.height高度；C.speed速度；D.weight重量。前文提到Caroline要裝1500磅礫石上車，結(jié)合老人的話中“yourcarhas”和“l(fā)imit”可推知，老人提醒Caroline車有載重限制。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在該怎么辦呢？她被難倒了！A.relieved寬慰的；B.stuck被難倒；C.impatient不耐煩的；D.cross生氣的。根據(jù)前文“Carolinedidnotknowthat.Whatnow?”可知，Caroline面臨不知道如何處理車超載的問題，被難倒了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，老人提出了一個(gè)不同尋常的慷慨提議：“我可以用我的卡車幫你裝?！盇.honesty誠實(shí)；B.bravery勇敢；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.generosity慷慨。根據(jù)后文“Icanloadyou