植物生理學 英文課件 Chapter 0 Introduction學習資料

植

物

生

理

學bilingualSomenotesContentslectures(32h,week2-16,?)labcourse(16h,timeandplace)

Examinationandscore

bilingual?(questionandanswer,presentationandfinalexamination)Textbooks

PowerPointfiles(copybutdon’tuploadtotheinternet!)

《植物生理學》(第7版),潘瑞熾主編,高等教育出版社，2012Referencebooks

PlantPhysiology,TaizLandZeigerE,

SinauerAssociates,SunderlandandMassachusetts.

《植物生理學》,宋純鵬、王學路等譯,科學出版社,20092002,3rdedition2010,5theditionSomemustsNosleeping,eating……?Notalking(really!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)Active,notsosilentInteractiveDiscussReadPowerPointfilesand

textbookbefore,remembernewbiologicalwordsafterLanguageproblems?(English)smile?HowaboutGerman’sEnglish?Howabout“foreigner”’sChinese?HowaboutAmerican’sEnglish?MeetandgreetProf.Dr.XiaofengWang王曉峰PlantPhysiologyTeachingandResearchGroupCollegeofLifeSciences,SCAURoom510(south)Tel:38632105xfwang@/nav-staff-30001311.aspWhoamI?細胞壁降解(cellwalldegradation)與種子萌發(fā)(seedgermination)和器官脫落(abscissionofplantorgans)的關(guān)系3X

NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina（國家自然科學基金）2X

GuangdongNaturalScienceFoundation（廣東省自然科學基金）2.利用種子鑒定作物品種真實性(varietalidentification)和純度(geneticpurity)1X

GuangdongNaturalScienceFoundation（廣東省自然科學基金）1X

DepartmentofEducationofGuangdongProvince（廣東省教育廳）

♀♂F13.頑拗性種子的脫水耐性(desiccationtolerance)和貯藏(storage)1XInternationalPlantGeneticResourcesInstituteProject(FAO)Whoareyou?Chapter0Introduction0.1Definition,contentsandaims0.2Originanddevelopment0.3Perspectives0.1Definition(concept),maincontentsandaimsMove,food,cellwalletc.

0.1.1Whatisplantphysiology?

植物

生

理

學0.1.2Maincontents(Whattolearn?Whattostudy?)Differencesbetweenanimalandplant?plant(object)activitiesoflife(what?)rule/mechanisms(how?why?)science/discipline/course研究植物生命活動規(guī)律的科學Mostplantsgrowinthesoil,but

someinthewaterandairWaterabsorption---Chapter1Watermetabolismofplants(有收無收在于水)Arewaterandmineralsenough?carnivore/insectivore(食蟲植物)Fertilizerabsorption---Chapter2Mineralnutritionofplants(收多收少在于肥)Mostplantcannot“eat”organicfood,exceptOrganicFood?NepenthesmirabilisCO2,H2Oandlight---Chapter3Photosynthesis(光合作用

)Life:deadorliving?（呼吸)Plantsalso“breathe”---Chapter4Plant

respiration(呼吸)太陽公公為什么能把樹曬大呢？InorganicfoodMetabolism(代謝)ofplantsCanyousee?touch?Chapter1WatermetabolismofplantsChapter2MineralnutritionofplantsChapter3PhotosynthesisChapter4Plant

respirationWhatactivitiesofplantlifeyoucanseeandtouch?

Growthandmaturationofseedandfruit,dropofleaf,flowerandfruitSeedgermination(萌發(fā)),growthofroot,stemandleafFlowering,pollination(授粉)andfertilization(受精)---Chapter8Vegetative(營養(yǎng))physiologyofplants---Chapter9Reproductive(生殖)physiologyofplants---Chapter10Physiologyofplantmaturation,senescence(衰老)

andabscission(脫落)Growthanddevelopment(發(fā)育)ofplantsareregulatedbyinsideandenvironmentalstimulationsResponsesofplantstoenvironmentalstimulations---Chapter5Signaltransduction(轉(zhuǎn)導)ofplantcellResponsesofplantstoinsidemicro-organicsubstances---Chapter6PlantgrowthsubstancesResponsesofplantstolight---Chapter7Photomorphogenesis(光形態(tài)建成)第五章植物體內(nèi)的細胞信號轉(zhuǎn)導第六章植物生長物質(zhì)第七章光形態(tài)建成第八章

植物的營養(yǎng)生長生理第九章植物的生殖生長生理第十章植物的成熟、衰老和脫落植物的生長和發(fā)育

發(fā)育生理

(see?)(touch?)GrowthanddevelopmentofplantsAreplantsalwaysinthesuitableconditionsfortheirwholelife？Naturalenvironmentalstresses(逆境)andhardiness(抗性)---Chapter11StressphysiologyofplantsMan-madestresses(environmentalpollutions)---Injuries

ofenvironmentalpollutionstoplants第十一章植物的抗性生理

環(huán)境污染對植物的危害

第1~4章(水分、礦質(zhì)、光合、呼吸)代謝生理發(fā)育生理逆境生理PLANTPHYSIOLOGY逆境生理Stressphysiologyofplants研究植物生命活動規(guī)律的科學第5~10章(信號轉(zhuǎn)導、激素、光、 營 養(yǎng)、生殖、成熟、衰老、脫落)第11章(抗性)O2CO2K+Ca2+H2OH2OCH2OO2CO2MetabolismofplantsLifeCycle?Growthanddevelopmentofplants

0.1.3AimsofplantphysiologyTounderstandand‘change’thenatureManyNobelprizesinPlantPhysiology伍德沃德(美)1965：于1960年合成葉綠素

0.1.3Aimsofplantphysiology

Tounderstandand‘change’thenature

控制花期(Photoperiod)無土栽培(Solutionculture,Waterculture)切花保鮮(Senescence,Ethylene)組織培養(yǎng)試管苗(Tissueculture)水仙矮壯(Plantgrowthsubstance)韭黃(Photomorphogenesis,Etiolation)ExamplesChrysanthemumPhotoperiod(光周期)Mineral(礦質(zhì))nutrientsandsolutioncultureEthylene(乙烯)/Senescence(衰老)CarnationTotipotency細胞全能性/TissueculturePlantgrowthsubstancesChineseNarcissusPhotomorphogenesis(光形態(tài)建成)/Etiolation(黃化)Leek

0.1.3AimsofplantphysiologyEarnmoneyManyNobelprizesinPlantPhysiologyTounderstandand‘change’thenature生根粉

0.1.3AimsofplantphysiologyEarnmoneyManyNobelprizesinPlantPhysiologyTounderstandand‘change’thenatureBadapplicationsBackYouraim?

0.1.3AimsofplantphysiologyEarnmoneyManyNobelprizesinPlantPhysiologyTounderstandand‘change’thenatureBadapplications0.2Originanddevelopment0.2.1Accumulationofknowledgeinancienttimes

《中國植物生理學史》(周肇基，1998，廣東高等教育出版社)Westerncountries:? Water Mineralnutrients/Fertilizer SeedstorageSummaryofproductionexperiencesProcessandreasons?0.2.2Pregnantstage(16~17th)Experimental/scientificinvestigationaboutwherearenutrientsofplantsfrom?J.B.vanHelmont(1577-1644,TheNetherlands)：Willowbranchexperimentresult:?wrongbutfirstmanJ.Priestley(1733-1804,UK)：鐘罩實驗(Plant+Mouse)J.Ingenhousz(1730-1799,TheNetherlands)：在光下才能清潔空氣土壤營養(yǎng)空氣營養(yǎng)0.2.3Mineraltheory–BirthofPlantPhysiologyJ.vonLiebig(1840):《OrganicChemistryinitsApplicationtoAgricultureandPhysiology》；碳素從大氣中獲得，而所有礦物質(zhì)從土壤中獲得，植物只需要無機物作為養(yǎng)料，便可以維持正常生活（植物的自養(yǎng)特性）?；瘜W肥料利用理論的創(chuàng)始