科學(xué)與技術(shù)（解析版）- 2025年高考英語熱點話題閱讀與時文閱讀

專題07科學(xué)與技術(shù)（解析版）

【材料來源：TheNewYorkTimesMar29,2024]

ShouldWeFeartheWokeA.L?

Imagineashortstoryfromthegoldenageofsciencefiction,somethingthatwouldappearinapulpmagazine

in1956.Ourtitleis“TheTruthEngine,9,andthestoryenvisionsafuturewherecomputers,thosehulking,

floor-to-ceilingthings,becomepotentenoughtoguidehumanbeingstoanswerstoanyquestiontheymightask,

fromthecapitalofBoliviatothebestwaytomarinadeasteak.

Howwouldsuchastoryend?Withsomekindofreveal,nodoubt,ofasecretagendalurkingbehindthe

promiseofall-encompassingknowledge.Forinstance,maybethere9saTruthEngine2.0,smarterandmore

creative,thateveryonecan'twaittogettheirhandson.Andthenabandofdissidentsdiscoverthatversion2.0is

fanaticalandmad,thattheEnginehasjustbeenpreparinghumansfortotalitarianbrainwashingorinvoluntary

extinction.

Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety'sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,which

recentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.Itdidn'ttakelongforusersto

noticecertain...odditieswithGemini.ThemostnotablewasitsstruggletorenderaccuratedepictionsofVikings,

ancientRomans,Americanfoundingfathers,randomcouplesin1820sGermanyandvariousotherdemographics

usuallycharacterizedbyapalerhueofskin.

PerhapstheproblemwasjustthattheA.I.wasprogrammedforracialdiversityinstockimagery,andits

historicalrenderingshadsomehow(asacompanystatementputit)“missedthemark”-delivering,forinstance,

AfricanandAsianfecesinWehrmachtuniformsinresponsetoarequesttoseeaGermansoldiercirca1943.

ButthewayinwhichGeminiansweredquestionsmadeitsnonwhitedefaultsseemmorelikeaweird

emanationoftheA.I/sunderlyingworldview.Usersreportedbeinglecturedon"'harmfulstereotypes^^whenthey

askedtoseeaNormanRockwellimage,beingtoldtheycouldseepicturesofVladimirLeninbutnotAdolfHitler,

andturneddownwhentheyrequestedimagesdepictinggroupsspecifiedaswhite(butnototherraces).Describing

thesekindsofresultsas"wokeA.I."isn'taninsult.Ifsatechnicaldescriptionofwhattheworld'sdominantsearch

enginedecidedtorelease.

【譯文欣賞】

我們應(yīng)該害怕覺醒的人工智能嗎？

想象一下科幻小說黃金時代的一個短篇故事，它出現(xiàn)在1956年的一本通俗雜志上。我們的標(biāo)題是《真

理引擎》，這個故事設(shè)想了一個未來，那些龐大、從地板到天花板的計算機(jī)變得足夠強(qiáng)大，能夠引導(dǎo)人類

找到他們可能提出的任何問題的答案，從玻利維亞的首都到牛排的最佳腌制方法。

這種奇思妙想的靈感來自我們社會自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的預(yù)言者，它最近推出了Gemini,這

是人工智能競賽中的最新參與者。用戶很快就注意到了Gemini的一些……異常。最引人注目的是，它這樣

的故事會如何結(jié)束呢？毫無疑問，在全知全能的知識承諾背后隱藏著一個秘密議程。例如，也許存在一個

真理引擎2.0更智能、更有創(chuàng)意，每個人都迫不及待地想要擁有。然后一群持不同政見者發(fā)現(xiàn)2.0版本是狂

熱和瘋狂的，這臺引擎只是在為人類準(zhǔn)備全面的洗腦或非自愿的滅絕。

這種奇思妙想的靈感來自我們社會自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的預(yù)言者，它最近推出了Gemini,這

是人工智能競賽中的最新參與者。用戶很快就注意到了Gemini的一些……異常。最引人注目的是，它在渲

染維京人、古羅馬人、美國開國元勛、1820年代德國的隨機(jī)情侶以及其他通常被描述為膚色較淺的群體時

遇到了困難。

也許問題只是人工智能被編程用于庫存圖像中的種族多樣性，而它的歷史渲染在某種程度上（正如公

司聲明中所說）“偏離了目標(biāo)”一一例如，在回應(yīng)要求看到大約1943年的德國士兵的請求時，它展示了非

洲和亞洲面孔的穿著德國國防軍制服的人。

但Gemini回答問題的方式使得它的非白人默認(rèn)設(shè)置看起來更像是人工智能潛在世界觀的奇怪體現(xiàn)。用

戶報告說，當(dāng)他們要求看到諾曼?洛克威爾的圖像時，他們被“有害的刻板印象”所教導(dǎo)；當(dāng)他們要求看

到弗拉基米爾?列寧的圖片時，他們被告知可以看到，但不能看到阿道夫?希特勒的圖片；當(dāng)他們要求展

示指定為白人的群體（但不是其他種族）的圖像時，他們被拒絕了。將這些結(jié)果描述為“覺醒的人工智能”

并不是一種侮辱。這是一種技術(shù)描述，描述了世界主導(dǎo)的搜索引擎決定發(fā)布的內(nèi)容。

【詞匯積累】

1.pulp/pAlp/n.漿狀物;紙漿

2.envision/m'vijan/v.想象

3.hulking/'hAlkiq/adj.笨重的

4.potent/'pootnt/adj.強(qiáng)大的

5.agendum/o'dsendam/n.議程

6.all-encompassing/,o:lin'kAmpssig/adj.包羅萬象的

7.involuntary/in'vadan^Eri/adj.無意識的

8.demographic/.demagreefik/adj.人口的

9.hue/hju:/n.顏色

10.diversity/dai'v3：rsiti/n,多樣性

11.emanation/,emsnei|bn/n.發(fā)出

12.weird/wird/adj.奇怪的

【長難句分析】

原句

Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety'sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,which

recentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.

譯文

這種奇思妙想的靈感來自我們社會自己的“真理引擎”，即谷歌的預(yù)言者，它最近推出了Gemini,這是人工

智能競賽中的最新參與者。

分析

+一[主句：Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety?sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle]

II

+一[定語從句：whichrecentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

II

+--[賓語：Gemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

II

+一[同位語：thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]

（一）

（2024,河南關(guān)R州?三模）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,lifeismademucheasierwhenyoutravel

around.Herearesometoptravelappsforyoutouse.

YelpWhenyouareinanewlocationandneeda

ZomatolnChina,thereisagoodchanceyou

quickrecommendation,Yelpcomesinhandy.Itgives

haveneverheardofZomato.Insomecountries,

insightsintothequalityofbusinessesandservices,from

however,itismorepopularthanYelp,anditcoversthe

restaurantstothewayinwhichtheywork,basedonuser

sameground.Zomatoisaremarkablecrowd-sourced

reviews.Theuserscancertainlymakeunfair

reviewwebsite,mostlyforrestaurants.Insomeregions,

judgementsforpersonalreasonsattimes,butYelpoften

youcanorderdeliveryfoodthroughZomato,too.

atleastletsyougetasenseofwhattoexpect.

HappyCowlfyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatTripadvisorYoucanreaddifferentreviewsof

meatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchhotels,restaurantsandevenactivities,writtenby

asmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforamembersoftheTripadvisorcommunity,aswellassee

healthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsphotostheyhaveuploadedsoyouknowwhattoexpect

forseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciatebeforeyouarrive.Tripadvisorhasrelationshipswith

HappyCow.Theappandweb-sitehelpyoufindvariousbookingsites,too,whichmeansonceyoufinish

restaurants,cafes,healthfoodstores,andotherplacestoresearchinghotelsorrestaurants,youcanusually

getameat-freemeal.reservethemwithjustafewextraclicks.

1.WhatdoYelpandZomatohaveincommon?

A.Theyprovidedeliveryservicesquickly.

B.Theyexpectuserstopromotetheirservices.

C.Theyonlyrecommendhotelsandrestaurants.

D.Theybasetheirrecommendationsonuserreviews.

2.Whichappsuitsthepersonwhodoesn'teatmeat?

A.Yelp.B.HappyCow.C.Tripadvisor.D.Zomato.

3.WhatsetsTripadvisorapartfromothertravelapps?

A.Itisofferedfreeofcharge.B.Itislinkedtobookingplatforms.

C.Itrecommendsnearbyattractions.D.Itgivescorrecthotelratinginformation.

【答案速查】1.D2.B3.B

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了一些頂級的旅游應(yīng)用程序。

1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Yelp部分中的“Itgivesinsightsintothequalityofbusinessesandservices,fromrestaurants

tothewayinwhichtheywork,basedonuserreviews.（根據(jù)用戶評論，它可以洞察企業(yè)和服務(wù)的質(zhì)量，從餐館

到他們的工作方式。）“和Zomato部分中的"Zomatoisaremarkablecrowd-sourcedreviewwebsite,mostlyfor

restaurants.（Zomato是一個了不起的眾包評論網(wǎng)站，主要針對餐館。）“可知，Yelp和Zomato的共同之處是他

們的推薦都基于用戶評論。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HappyCow部分中的"Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuse

animalproductssuchasmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereating

not-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.（如果你是一個不吃肉或魚

的人，甚至不使用動物產(chǎn)品，如肉，牛奶或雞蛋，或者如果你只是在連續(xù)幾天吃不太健康的食物后尋找健

康的膳食選擇，你一定會喜歡“開心?！薄＃笨芍?，“開心牛”軟件適合不吃肉食的人。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tripadvisor部分中的"Tripadvisorhasrelationshipswithvariousbookingsites,too,which

meansonceyoufinishresearchinghotelsorrestaurants,youcanusuallyreservethemwithjustafewextra

clicks.（Tripadvisor也與許多預(yù)訂網(wǎng)站建立了合作關(guān)系，這意味著一旦你搜索完酒店或餐館，你通常只需再點

擊幾下就可以預(yù)訂它們。廠可知，Tripadvisor與其它旅行軟件的不同之處是它與預(yù)訂平臺鏈接。故選B。

原句

Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,milkor

eggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysina

row,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.

譯文

如果你是一個不吃肉或魚的人，甚至不使用動物產(chǎn)品，如肉，牛奶或雞蛋，或者如果你只是在連續(xù)幾天

吃不太健康的食物后尋找健康的膳食選擇，你一定會喜歡“開心牛，

分析

+一[主句：youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow]

I

+--[條件狀語從句：Ifyouareaperson]

I

十一[定語從句：whodoesn'teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn'tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,

milkoreggs]

I

十一[條件狀語從句：ifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoption]

+一[時間狀語從句：aftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow]

聞忙原］稟

1.handyadj.便利的2.insightn.洞察力

3.recommendationn.推薦4.unfairadj.不公平的

5.judgementn.判斷6.deliveryn.送貨

7.appreciatev.欣賞8.optionn.選項

9.reservev.預(yù)訂lO.uploadv.上傳

（二）

（2024-四川達(dá)州?二模）Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth5ssurface,theNational

OceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（聲口內(nèi)）

technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.Forthe

oceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.

Weknowlessaboutourplanet'soceanthanwhatweknowaboutthefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceof

Mars.Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.Researchers

haveusedshipstorechargecamerasorobservedwithacameratiedtoashiptosolvetheissue,whichisexpensive

andunsuitableforlong-termobservations.

Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenamajorsteptoironout

thisproblembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronits

ownforlongperiods.

Tokeeppowerconsumptionaslowaspossible,theresearchersusedoff-the-shelf,ultra-low-powerimaging

sensors.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwaterenvironments,andsendsimagedatawirelessly

throughthewater.

Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwater

intoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftergettingandencodingimage

data,thecameraalsousessoundwavestosendthedatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Thosesound

wavescouldcomefromanysource,likeapassingshipormarinelife.Asitdoesn'tneedapowersource,the

cameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfor

newspecies.

Nowthatresearchershavedemonstratedaworkingprototype(原型)，theyplantoenhancethedevicesoitis

practicalinreal-worldsettings.Forfutureapplication,thesecamerasmaybeusedtotakeimagesofoceanpollution

andcreatemoreaccuratemodelstomonitorclimatechangetobetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactsthe

underwaterworld,andadvancevariousunderseascientificfields.

4.Whatdothedatainparagraph1mainlyshow?

A.UnderseaexplorationispoorintheUS.

B.Muchoftheplanet5soceanremainsunexplored.

C.Themappingoftheseaflooristime-consuming.

D.Technologydevelopmentmattersalottoseaobservation.

5.Whatlimitstheresearchers9underseaexplorationaccordingtothetext?

A.Thecomplexityoftheseaenvironment.

B.Theconcernaboutpotentialseapollution.

C.Theshortageofinvestmentinoceanexploration.

D.Theinabilitytoeffectivelypowerunderwatercameras.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ironouf,inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Overcome.B.Face.

C.Analyze.D.Illustrate.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheMITunderwatercamera?

A.Secureandstable.B.Expensivebuteffective.

C.Impracticalbutadvanced.D.Self-sufficientandenergy-saving.

【答案速查】4.B5.D6.A7.D

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員開發(fā)了一種將聲波在水中傳播的

機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力的無線水下相機(jī)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段"Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface,theNationalOceanic

andAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（聲吶）

technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.Forthe

oceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.（由于海洋覆蓋了地球表面的70%以上，美國

國家海洋和大氣管理局表示，科學(xué)家和研究人員依靠聲納技術(shù)來了解和繪制海底地圖，而海底地圖只占世

界海洋面積的10%左右。對于美國的海洋和沿海水域，這一數(shù)字僅為35%左右。戶可知，海洋占地球表面

面積的70%,而科學(xué)家和研究人員依靠聲納技術(shù)來了解和繪制的海底地圖只占10%左右，美國海域，這一

數(shù)字也只占35%左右，這些數(shù)據(jù)表明了地球上的大部分海洋仍未被探索。故選B項。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringan

underwatercamera.（缺乏觀察的部分原因是水下攝像機(jī)的供電困難。）”可知，缺乏對海洋觀察的部分原因是

水下攝像機(jī)的供電困難，由此可知，無法有效地為水下攝像機(jī)提供動力限制了研究者的海底探索。故選D

項。

6.詞義猜測題o根據(jù)第二段中的"Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringan

underwatercamera.（缺乏觀察的部分原因是水下攝像機(jī)的供電困難。）”可知，無法有效地為水下攝像機(jī)提供

動力限制了研究者的海底探索，結(jié)合畫線短語前的“Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology（MIT）havetakenamajorstep（最近，麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員邁出了重要的一步）”可知，就這個

問題麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員邁出了重要的一步。結(jié)合畫線短語后的“bydevelopingabattery-free,wireless

underwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronitsownforlongperiods.（他們開發(fā)了一種無需電池的

無線水下相機(jī)，這種相機(jī)可以在水下長時間收集能量。）”可知，他們開發(fā)了一種無需電池的無線水下相機(jī)，

這種相機(jī)能在水下長時間收集能量，由此推知，麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員應(yīng)該是在解決這個問題方面邁出

了重要的一步，所以畫線短語的意思應(yīng)與“解決”意義相近。故選A項。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsound

wavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.（這臺

攝像機(jī)是由聲音驅(qū)動的。它將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力。）”可知，

該攝像機(jī)將聲波轉(zhuǎn)化成電能為成像和通信提供動力，由此可知，該相機(jī)可以自給自足，結(jié)合下文中的“Asit

doesn'tneedapowersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststo

searchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.（由于它不需要電源，相機(jī)可以連續(xù)運行數(shù)周才返回，使科學(xué)

家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種。）”可知，這種攝像機(jī)不需要電源，所以可以節(jié)約能源。綜合以上信息，

該攝像機(jī)既可以自給自足又能節(jié)約能源。故選D項。

??;0。?，

原句

Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersits

imagingandcommunicationsequipment.

譯文

它將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力。

分析

+--[主句：Itchangesmechanicalenergy]

I

十一[介詞短語：fromsoundwavestravelingthroughwater]

I

+--[介詞短語：intoelectricalenergy]

I

十一[定語從句：thatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment]

1.sonarn.聲吶2.chartv.繪制

3.surfacen.表面4.observationn.觀察

5.unsuitableadj.不適合的6.mechanicaladj.機(jī)械的

7.communicationsn.通訊8.receivern.接收器

9.prototypen.原型10.enhancev.增強(qiáng)

（三）

（2024?湖南衡陽?模擬預(yù)測）Busystreets,loudnoises,andgreybuildingscanmakecitylifeexhaustingand

boring.Findingasolutiontotheseissuesmightbepossiblebyturningtonature,whichcanhelpusfeelcalmand

refreshed.

Addingvegetationorcolorfuldesignsmaymakecitiesmoreenjoyabletolivein.However,growingplants

orcoveringbuildingsinpainttotesttheseapproachesiscostlyandinconvenient.Moreover,studyingthese

phenomenaoutdoorscanbetricky,asmanyfactorscanaffectthefinalresults."Measuringpleasureandmotivation

innaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,^^explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye."Humanreactionsaresensitiveto

environmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionsto

thesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace.”

Thegroupusedvirtualrealitytomakeacitysettingthatfeltreal.Theymadetwoversions:onewithno

vegetation,andanotherwithsomegreenvegetation.Theyalsointroducedcolorfulpatternsontoapath.Thenthey

invitedstudentstoparticipateinthestudy.WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttime

exploringthevirtualenvironment.Tofindoutwherethevolunteerswerelookingandforhowlong,eachheadset

includedaneyetracker.

Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhentherewasgreenvegetationpresentinthe

experiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstimelookingatthegroundandmoretime

observingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurableexperience.Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnot

havequitethesameupliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudents

andattractedtheirstarewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.

Virtualrealitymightbeausefulresourceforurbanplanners,allowingthemtoexperimentwithdifferent

elementsinavirtualenvironment.Inthefuture,theresearchersaimtoimprovetheVRexperiencetogeteven

betterandmorepreciseoutcomes.

8.Whatwastheprimaryreasonforusingvirtualrealityinthestudy?

A.Tocreateanentertaininggameforstudents.

B.Todemonstratetheinconvenienceofurbanlife.

C.Toprovethesuperiorityoftechnologyovernature.

D.Tomeasurereactionswithoutenvironmentalinfluence.

9.Howdidtheparticipantsinteractwiththevirtualenvironmentinthestudy?

A.Bywalkingaroundarealcity.

B.Bymakinguseofaneyetracker.

C.Bywearingaheadsetandwalkingonsite.

D.Byobservingthroughascreenwithoutmoving.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"uplifting“mostprobablymean?

A.Powerful.B.Cheerful.C.Encouraging.D.Healing.

11.Whatpotentialbenefitofvirtualrealityismentionedforurbanplanning?

A.Reducingthecostsofurbandevelopmentsignificantly.

B.Providingaplatformfortestingvariousurbanelements.

C.Predictingfutureurbanchallengeswithpreciseresults.

D.Helpingcitiesavoidusingrealvegetationinurbanspace.

【答案速查】8.D9.C10.B11.B

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項利用虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)進(jìn)行城市環(huán)境中自然元素和色彩設(shè)計對人

們情緒的影響的研究。研究結(jié)果表明，綠色植被和明亮的色彩圖案可以提高人們的情緒和興趣。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Humanreactionsaresensitivetoenvironmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.

Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionstothesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace（人類的反應(yīng)對

環(huán)境變化很敏感，比如天氣或交通。因此，我們使用虛擬現(xiàn)實來測量在虛擬城市空間中對這些因素的反應(yīng)）”

可知，研究中使用虛擬現(xiàn)實的主要原因是想要在不受環(huán)境因素影響的情況下測量人們的反應(yīng)，故選D。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploring

thevirtualenvironment（學(xué)生們戴著VR頭盔并且在原地走動，花時間探索虛擬環(huán)境）”可知，這說明參與者是

通過戴頭盔和在現(xiàn)場走動來與虛擬環(huán)境進(jìn)行互動的，故選C。

10.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中劃線詞前文“Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhen

therewasgreenvegetationpresentintheexperiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstime

lookingatthegroundandmoretimeobservingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurable

experience（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)實驗中有綠色植被時，學(xué)生們走得更慢，他們的心率也會增加。他們會花更少

的時間觀察地面，而花更多的時間觀察周圍的環(huán)境。這些結(jié)果表明這是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷）”可知，研究結(jié)果表

明,環(huán)境當(dāng)中的綠色植被讓人們感到愉快。戈I」線詞所在句“Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnothavequitethesame

upliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudentsandattractedtheir

starewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.（明亮的色彩圖案本身并沒有綠色植被那么uplifting的效果，但它們激發(fā)

了學(xué)生們的興趣和激情，吸引了他們的目光，同時增加了他們的心率。）”說明明亮的色彩圖案本身并沒有綠

色植被那樣的效果，由此可推知，劃線詞uplifting的含義為“使人愉快的”，與B項“CheerfUl令人愉快的”含

義相近，故選B。

11.推理判斷題o根據(jù)最后一段"Virtualrealitymightbeausefulresourceforurbanplanners,allowingthemto

experimentwithdifferentelementsinavirtualenvironment（虛擬現(xiàn)實可能是城市規(guī)劃者的有用資源，使他們在

虛擬環(huán)境中嘗試不同的元素）”可知，虛擬現(xiàn)實為城市規(guī)劃提供了一個測試各種城市元素的平臺，故選B。

原句

WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment.

譯文

學(xué)生們戴著VR頭盔并且在原地走動，花時間探索虛擬環(huán)境。

分析

+--[主句：thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment]

I

+-[方式狀語:WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot]

HE??

1.vegetationn.植被2.approachn.方法

3.inconvenientadj.不方便的4.phenomenan.現(xiàn)象

5.reactionn.反應(yīng)6.virtualrealityn.虛擬現(xiàn)實

7.trackern.追蹤器8.patternn.圖案

9.urbanplannern.城市規(guī)劃者10.outcomen.結(jié)果

（四）

（2024-山西運城?二模）Theintroductionofartificialintelligence（AI）isasignificantpartofthedigital

transformationbringingchallengesandchangestothejobdescriptionsamongmanagement.Astudyshowsthat

integratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.

Interviewedinthestudywere25experiencedmanagersemployedbyaleadingScandinavianfinancial

servicescompany.AIsystemshavebeenintenselyintegratedintothetasksandprocessesofthecompanyinrecent

years.

TheresultsshowedthattheintegrationofAIsystemsintoserviceteamsisacomplexphenomenon,putting

newdemandsontheworkofmiddlemanagementandrequiringabalancedactinthefaceofnewchallenges.

“TheproductivityofworkgrowswhenroutinetasksarepassedontoALOntheotherhand,thefastpaceof

changemakesworkmoredemanding,andtheintegrationofAImakesitnecessarytolearnnewthingsconstantly.

Surprisingly,newkindsofroutineworkalsoincrease,becausetheoperationsofAIneedtobemonitoredand

checked,9,saysAssistantProfessorJonnaKoponen.

Accordingtotheresultsoftheresearch,thesocialfeaturesofmiddlemanagementalsochanged,becausethe

AIsystemsusedatworkwereseeneitherastechnicaltoolsorcolleagues,dependingonthetypeofAIthatwas

used.EspeciallywhenmoredevelopedtypesofAI,suchaschattingrobots,wereincludedintheAIsystems,they

wereseenascolleagues.

IntegratingAIalsoposesethical（道德上的）challenges,andmanagersdevotedmoreoftheirtimetoethical

considerations.Forexample,theywereconcernedaboutthefairnessofdecisionsmadebyALAspectsobservedin

thestudyshowedthatmanagingserviceteamswithintegratedAIrequiresnewskillsandknowledgeofmiddle

management,suchastechnologicalunderstandingandskills,interactiveskillsandemotionalintelligence,

problem-solvingskills,andtheabilitytomanageandadapttocontinuouschange.

“AIsystemscannotyettakeoverallhumanmanagementinareassuchasthemotivationandinspirationof

teammembers.Thisiswhyskillsininteractionandempathy（同理心）shouldbeemphasizedwhenselectingnew

employeesformanagerialpositionswhichemphasizethemanagementofteamsintegratedwithAI,“Koponensays.

12.Whatdoesthestudyfind?

A.AIbecomeslesspopularintheservicefield.B.AImakesdecisionsmorefairlythanhumans.

C.AIproveshumanmanagementisunnecessary.D.AImakesmiddlemanagementmoredemanding.

13.WhafsJonnaKoponen'sattitudetointegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteams?

A.Unmentioned.B.Opposed.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.

14.WhichofthefollowingshowsJonnaKoponen'sopinion?

A.AIcan'treplacehumanmangerscompletely.B.Fewmanagersintheservicefieldareneeded.

C.EmployeesformanagerialpositionsdislikeALD.AIdevotesmoretimetoethicalconsiderations.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.TheintegrationofAIintoserviceteamsishard.

B.AItakesoverhumanmanagementinmanyfields.

C.AIandhumanmanagersareaperfectcombination.

D.TheapplicationofAIinfluencesmiddlemanagement.

【答案速查】12.D13.C14.A15.D

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了人工智能（AD的引入對中層管理工作帶來的挑戰(zhàn)和變化，

以及中層管理者需要具備的新技能和知識。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AstudyshowsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreases

demandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.”（一項研究表明，將人工智能系統(tǒng)集成到服務(wù)團(tuán)

隊中增加了金融服務(wù)領(lǐng)域?qū)χ袑庸芾淼男枨螅┛赏浦珹I使中層管理更具挑戰(zhàn)性。故選D。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"TheproductivityofworkgrowswhenroutinetasksarepassedontoALOntheother

hand,thefastpaceofchangemakesworkmoredemanding,andtheintegrationofAImakesitnecessarytolearn

newthingsconstantly.Surprisingly,newkindsofroutineworkalsoincrease,becausetheoperationsofAIneedto

bemonitoredandchecked,saysAssistantProfessorJonnaKoponen.”（當(dāng)日常任務(wù)傳遞給人工智能時，工作的

生產(chǎn)力就會提高。另一方面，快速的變化使工作要求更高，而人工智能的集成使不斷學(xué)習(xí)新事物成為必要。

令人驚訝的是，新型的日常工作也在增加，因為人工智能的操作需要監(jiān)控和檢查，”助理教授JonnaKoponen

說）可知，JonnaKoponen認(rèn)為將人工智能系統(tǒng)運用到服務(wù)團(tuán)隊中有利有弊。由此可推斷，JonnaKoponen

的態(tài)度是“客觀的”。故選C。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后——段“AIsystemscannotyettakeoverallhumanmanagementinareassuchasthe

motivationandinspirationofteammembers.^^（AI系統(tǒng)還不能完全接管人類在激勵和啟發(fā)團(tuán)隊成員等方面的管

理。）可知，JonnaKoponen認(rèn)為AI不能完全替代人類管理者。故選A。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一St6Theintroductionofartificialintelligence（AI）isasignificantpartof

thedigitaltransformationbringingchallengesandchangestothejobdescriptionsamongmanagement.Astudy

showsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancial

servicesfield"（人工智能（AI）的引入是數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型的重要組成部分，給管理層的工作描述帶來了挑戰(zhàn)和

變化。一項研究表明，將人工智能系統(tǒng)集成到服務(wù)團(tuán)隊中增加了金融服務(wù)領(lǐng)域?qū)χ袑庸芾淼男枨?。）可知?/p>

本文主要介紹了將人工智能系統(tǒng)融合到金融服務(wù)業(yè)對中層管理產(chǎn)生的影響。故選Do

??;@。

原句

As