四選一閱讀作業(yè)9 新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)記敘-2025高考英語(yǔ)考前必背

作業(yè)9新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)記敘2025高考英語(yǔ)大二輪考前必背四選

一閱讀作業(yè)9新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)記敘文

（分值：30分）

（每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

A

（2024?湖南株洲高三一模）

Sallows,theownerofabarbershop,designedawheelchair-accessiblebarberchair,whichwas

broughttorealitybytheengineersintheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter.Theyhave

developedthedevicethatwillhelpindividualswithphysicaldisabilitieshaveamore①tailored,

comfortableandsafeexperienceatthebarbershop."It'sabarberchair-thatwasthefirst

concept,“saidSallows."Butnowweareintheprocessofcreating,developing,andapplying

newtechnologiesforapplicationsinmultiplesettingssuchasdentistchairsorstadiumseats.”

Sallowsworkedinahospitalasacertifiedtherapist（治療專(zhuān)家）fornearly20years.Heenjoyed

hiscareerbutdecidedtolearnatrade."Iwantsomethinginthewheelhouseoftherapists,“said

Sallows."Ineedsomethingfulfilling,soIthinkbarbering.,,Inoneway,somemayseeitasabig

careerchange,butSallowssaysheisstillatherapist."Ijoke,IsayI'vegonefromtherapyto

'hairapy',"saidSallows.Barberinggivesmethat②therapeutickindofenvironmentthat

allowsmetostilltalk.Peopleknowmeasatherapistwhentheycomein,notonlyasabarber,and

so,justtheconversationsarereallycool.”

Sallowslearnedthatabarbershopprovedcomplexforclientsinwheelchairs.Havingone's

hairwashedorgettingacloseshaveoftenmeansbeingphysicallyliftedoutofthewheelchairand

intoabarberchair-anexperiencethatisbothdifficultandembarrassing.SoSallows,withthehelp

oftheUPMC,hascreatedthebarberchairthatliftsandtipsawheelchairbacksafelyand

comfortably.Theuserrollsontothebarberchairandisraisedoneortwofeet,muchlikewhatone

wouldseeinacarshop.Sallowshopesthatthedevicewillprovideclientswiththekindofservice

peoplehavecometoappreciateatabarbershop.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了薩洛斯是一位理發(fā)店老板，他設(shè)計(jì)了一款無(wú)障

礙理發(fā)椅，以幫助身體殘疾人士在理發(fā)店獲得更加定制化、更舒適和更安全的體驗(yàn)。

1.WhatisSallows'sachievement?

A.Hewasnamedasthebesttherapist.

B.HebecameanengineeroftheUPMC.

C.Hecreatedtailoredandcomfortabledentistchairs.

D.Hedesignedabarberchairforthewheelchair-bound.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一^殳中Sfortableandsafeexperienceatthe

barbershop.（薩洛斯是一家理發(fā)店的老板，他設(shè)計(jì)了一款無(wú)障礙理發(fā)椅，匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心

的工程師們將其變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。他們開(kāi)發(fā)的這款設(shè)備，可以幫助身體殘疾的人在理發(fā)店獲得更

加定制化、更舒適和更安全的體驗(yàn)）”可知，薩洛斯的成就是為坐輪椅的人設(shè)計(jì)了一款理發(fā)椅，

故選D。

2.WhydidSallowschoosetoworkinbarberingtrade?

A.Hecouldtalktocoolclients.

B.Hewaseagertomakeafortune.

C.Hecouldusehisformerexperience.

D.Hewantedtostartadifferentcareer.

答案C

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“在某種程度上，有些人可能認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)很大的職業(yè)改

變，但薩洛斯說(shuō)，他仍然是一名治療師。薩洛斯說(shuō)：我開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)，我已經(jīng)從治療師變成了'理

發(fā)護(hù)理師'。理發(fā)給了我一種治療的環(huán)境，讓我仍然可以說(shuō)話(huà)“可知，薩洛斯選擇在理發(fā)行

業(yè)工作是因?yàn)樗苡玫蒙现暗慕?jīng)驗(yàn)，故選C。

3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSallows?

A.Cooperativeandgenerous.

B.Innovativeandcaring.

C.Talentedandcompetitive.

D.Modestandcompetent.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知薩洛斯設(shè)計(jì)了一款無(wú)障礙理發(fā)椅，由此可推理出薩洛斯

有創(chuàng)新精神。最后一段說(shuō)薩洛斯希望該設(shè)備能為客戶(hù)提供人們?cè)诶戆l(fā)店所欣賞的那種服務(wù)，

由此可知薩洛斯關(guān)心殘疾人。故選B。

4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ATailoredCut

B.AFlexibleWheelchair

C.ASkilledBarber

D.ASpecialBarbershop

答案A

解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講的是薩洛斯設(shè)計(jì)了一款無(wú)障礙理發(fā)椅，以幫助身體殘疾人士

在理發(fā)店獲得更加定制化、更舒適和更安全的體驗(yàn)，A項(xiàng)“ATailoredCut（量身定制的理發(fā)）”

適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選A。

語(yǔ)境猜詞

①tailored（派）=tailor+ed

②therapeutic（派）=therap+eu+tic

③wheelchair-bound（合）=wheelchair+bound

B

（2024?吉林一模）

PhebeCoxgrewupinwhatmightseemanunlikelymentalhealthdangerzoneforakid:tony

PaloAlto,Califomia.Butbehinditssurfaceoffamilysuccessandwealth,shesaid,isan

environmentofheavypressureonstudentstoperform.By2016,whenCoxwasinmiddleschool,

PaloAltohadateensuicideratefourtimesthenationalaverage.

Cox'sfamilylivedbytherailroadtrackswheremanyofthesuicidesoccurred.Shegot

counseling（咨詢(xún)）.Butthatchoiceisnotalwayseasilyavailabletoteensincrisis-andsheandher

peersregardedschoolmentalhealthservicesastheirlastchoicebecauseofconcernsaboutprivacy.

Anewprogramprovidesanalternative.CalledAllcove,itoffers①u(mài)nattachedhealthand

wellnesssitestothoseages12to25.AlthoughAllcoveisbuilttosupportawiderangeof

physical,emotionalandsocialneeds,itsmaingoalistodealwithmentalhealthchallengesbefore

theydevelopintodeeperproblems.Coxsaid,“Ifeltprettyhelplessasayoungteenager,but

Allcoveisallaboutthestudentsandthestudents'needs.”

Abouthalfofalllifetimementalillnessbeginsbyage14and75%beforeage25,accordingto

researchers.YetaccesstomentalhealthcareintheU.S.islacking.AccordingtotheNational

AllianceonMentalIllness,some30millionadultsandchildrenwithmentalhealthconditionsgo

withouttreatment,and129millionpeopleliveinareaswithshortagesofmentalhealth

professionals.

Allcoveprovidesfullystaffedsafespacesforteensandyoungadultstodiscussanddealwith

theirhealth,bothmentalandphysical.Dr.StevenAdelsheim,apsychiatrist,whocreatedtheAllcove

in2014,said,“Thereisa?cryingneedintheU.S.toreachkidswithearlyinterventionand

help."Sometimesakidmaycomeinwithaphysicalcomplaint,andonlyafterafewvisitsisthe

mentalsufferingbroughtoutintotheopen.Whenthathappens,Allcovecanmakea”warm

⑤handoff“toamentalhealthspecialistonsite.Success,sayAdelsheimandCox,wouldmeanthe

establishmentofhundredsofAllcovecentersupanddownthestateand,eventually，aroundthe

country.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文介紹了一個(gè)名為Allcove的新項(xiàng)目，旨在為12至25

歲的年輕人提供獨(dú)立的健康和福祉空間。

5.WhydidCoxandherpeersregardschoolmentalhealthservicesastheirlastchoice?

A.Theywereindifferenttotheprogram.

B.Theywereconcernedabouttheirhealth.

C.Theywereupsetabouttheoccurrenceofthesuicides.

D.Theywereworriedabouttheirpersonalinformationleak.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中^sheandherpeers...concernsaboutprivacy可知，因?yàn)閾?dān)

心自己的個(gè)人信息泄露，所以Cox和她的同齡人把學(xué)校心理健康服務(wù)視為最后的選擇。故選

Do

6.HowdoestheauthorprovethelackofmentalhealthcareintheUS?

A.Bygivingexamples.

B.Bylistingdata.

C.Byshowingcomparison.

D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“研究人員表示，約一半的終生心理疾病在14歲前開(kāi)始，

75%在25歲前開(kāi)始。然而，在美國(guó)，獲得心理健康治療的途徑很少。根據(jù)國(guó)家精神疾病聯(lián)盟

的數(shù)據(jù)，大約有3000萬(wàn)成年人和兒童患有心理健康問(wèn)題但沒(méi)有接受治療，還有1.29億人生

活在心理健康專(zhuān)業(yè)人員短缺的地區(qū)”可推知，作者通過(guò)列出數(shù)據(jù)證明美國(guó)缺乏精神衛(wèi)生保健。

故選B。

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph5mean?

A.Thesenseofmentalsuffering.

B.Involvementofhealthexperts.

C.Complaintsaboutphysicalsuffering.

D.Thepressingcallforassistance.

答案A

解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)前文“Sometimesaotheopen.（有時(shí)候，一個(gè)孩子可能因身體

上的不適而前來(lái)就醫(yī)，但只有在幾次就診之后，精神上的痛苦才會(huì)暴露出來(lái)）”可推知，that

應(yīng)是指代前文提到的精神痛苦的感覺(jué)。故選A。

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Predictable.B.Short-lived.

C.Unidentifiable.D.Significant.

答案D

解析推理判斷題。在最后一段阿德?tīng)柡Ｄ泛涂伎怂贡硎荆晒σ馕吨谡麄€(gè)州內(nèi)以及最終

在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)建立數(shù)百個(gè)Allcove中心，由此推知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的影響是顯著的。故選D。

語(yǔ)境猜詞

①u(mài)nattached（派）=un+attach+ed

②wellness（派）=well+ness

③some熟義：一些生義（文義）：adv.

④crying熟義：哭生義（文義）：adj.

⑤handoff（合）=hand+off

C

（2024?山東德州一模）

Withpetownershipbecomingmorepopular,being①saddenedbythelossofabelovedpetis

becomingaterribleheadache.LiPeng,awoolenfelt（毛氈）craftswoman,hasfoundauniquewayto

preservethememoryofdeadpetsbycreatingrealisticwoolenimages.

Li'sjourneyintothiscraftis②accidental.Duringhercollegeyears,shemajoredin

e-commerceandworkedpart-timeatapetstore.Oneday,whilevisitingawebsite,shecameupon

asmallfoxmadeentirelyofwool.Astonishedatitsdelicacy,shesetoffonaself-taughtjourneyin

thisartform.Inlate2019,LiPengmadethefirmdecisiontostartherownbusinessandpursue

woolfeltingasafull-timeprofession.

Whileavideoshowcasingtheworkmayonlytakeafewminutestowatch,theactualprocess

isfarmoreintricate.Thethree-dimensionalcreationsfeaturegenuinefur,lifelikeglasseyesandtiny

whiskers（胡須），eachoneindividuallysecuredbyhand.Toachieveavivideffect,sherepeatedly

stickslayersofwoolwithaneedle,windingtheloosefiberstogethertocreatesolidfelted

shapes.Thekeyismassivepatience.

Thehandcraftedcreationssatisfyherdesiretoconveylove.Themajorityofhercustomersare

petownerswhohaveexperiencedthelossoftheirbelovedcompanions.TheysendLiphotographs

andeventheirpets'hair,hopingtofreezetheappearanceoftheirfurryfriendsthroughherwool

feltingmodels.Fascinatedbythedeepbondbetweenpeopleandtheirpets,sheiscommittedto

grabbingandinvestingtheseemotionsinherartworks.Anditturnsoutthatthecareerisa

success.Ordersareoftenscheduledforoneyearlater,andshehasgainedsubstantialattention

throughsocialmedia.

Reflectingonherwork,Liexpressesherdesiretocreatemeaningfulpiecesusingthewarm

material,offeringaheartfeltgiftofwarmthtothebeautifulsoulsofthisworld.

語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。養(yǎng)寵物越來(lái)越受歡迎，失去心愛(ài)寵物的痛苦正成為一件令人

頭疼的事。文章主要介紹了一位毛氈工匠找到了一種獨(dú)特的方式，通過(guò)制作逼真的毛氈動(dòng)物

形象來(lái)保存對(duì)死去寵物的記憶。

9.WhatinspiredLiPengtotakeupwoolfeltingasacareer?

A.Atemporaryjobatapetshop.

B.Herself-studyartcourse.

C.Adiscoveryofanalternativetofiber.

D.Awoolencreationonline.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oneday,whilevisitingawebsite...asafull-time

profession^一她在訪問(wèn)一個(gè)網(wǎng)站時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一^用全羊毛做成的小狐貍。驚訝于它的精

致，她開(kāi)始自學(xué)這種藝術(shù)形式。2019年年底，李鵬堅(jiān)定地決定創(chuàng)業(yè)，把羊毛氈制作作為全職

職業(yè)）”可知，是網(wǎng)上的羊毛氈作品激發(fā)了李鵬投身羊毛氈行業(yè)。故選D。

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intricate”meaninparagraph3?

A.Confusing.B.Efficient.

C.Complicated.D.Effortless.

答案C

解析詞義猜測(cè)題。第三段開(kāi)頭的While表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故畫(huà)線詞所在句意為“雖然展示這

項(xiàng)工作的視頻可能只需要幾分鐘就可以觀看，但實(shí)際的制作過(guò)程很復(fù)雜”，后文又具體介紹

了復(fù)雜的情況。所以畫(huà)線詞intricate意為“復(fù)雜的"，與complicated同義。故選C。

11.WhoareLiPeng'sprimaryclients?

A.@Conservationistsofanimalrights.

B.Individualsfondoffurrytoys.

C.Distributorsprovidingpersonalizedservice.

D.Peoplesufferingfrompetloss.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Themajorityofhercustomersarepetownerswhohave

experiencedthelossoftheirbelovedcompanions.（她的大多數(shù)顧客都是寵物主人，他們經(jīng)歷了失

去心愛(ài)伴侶的痛苦）”可知，她的大多數(shù)顧客都是飽受失去寵物之苦的人們。故選D。

12.What'sthecrucialfactorbehindLiPeng'ssuccess?

A.Fairproductpricing.

B.Human-petattachment.

C.Smartnetworkmarketing.

D.Hungerforafinereputation.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Themajorityof...thecareerisasuccess.（她的大多數(shù)

顧客都是寵物主人，他們經(jīng)歷了失去心愛(ài)伴侶的痛苦。他們給李鵬寄來(lái)寵物的照片，甚至是

寵物的毛發(fā)，希望通過(guò)她的毛氈模型來(lái)定格他們毛茸茸的朋友的樣子。她被人與寵物之間的

深厚聯(lián)系所吸引，致力于抓住并將這些情感投入到她的藝術(shù)作品中，結(jié)果她的這份事業(yè)取得

了成功）”可知，她成功的關(guān)鍵因素是人類(lèi)對(duì)寵物的依戀。故選B。

語(yǔ)境猜詞

①sadden（派）=sad+den_________________________________

②accidental（派）=accident+al

③handcrafted（合）=hand+crafted

④conservationist（派）=conserv（e）+ation+ist

語(yǔ)境猜詞答案

A.①量身定做的②治療的③坐輪椅的

B.①獨(dú)立的②健康③大約④極大的，迫切的⑤交接

C.①使悲傷，使難過(guò)②意外的，偶然的③手工制作的,

手工藝的④自然環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者作業(yè)10科學(xué)研究與發(fā)

現(xiàn)類(lèi)說(shuō)明文

（分值：30分）

【說(shuō)明文閱讀解題技法】

說(shuō)明文通常結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，閱讀時(shí)，要注意各部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解作者是如何'

展開(kāi)和闡述主題的

注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)C

4特別要注意段落的首旬和尾句,它們往往包含該段落的中心思想或結(jié)論」

_根據(jù)問(wèn)題的要求,迅速定位到文章的相關(guān)段落或句子，尋找與問(wèn)題直接相關(guān)的

信息。

T定位關(guān)鍵信息》

注意使用文章中的關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)定位信息，這些詞匯和短語(yǔ)在題干或選項(xiàng)

-中通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)°

說(shuō)明文中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯或術(shù)語(yǔ)，如果遇到不熟悉的詞匯，可以通過(guò)

說(shuō)明文的解T理解專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯］—

題技巧一上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)其含義，根據(jù)文章的主題和語(yǔ)境來(lái)推斷。

1根據(jù)問(wèn)題要求進(jìn)行推理判斷］

T合理推理判斷卜一■（注意區(qū)分事實(shí)觀點(diǎn)，不要將作者的觀點(diǎn)作為事實(shí)來(lái)回答問(wèn)題。］

對(duì)于需要推理判斷的題目，要仔細(xì)閱讀題干和選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容作出合理

一推斷。

,_______sH要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息，可能是解題的關(guān)鍵J

（注意細(xì)節(jié)與陷阱

LHTL要注意題目中的陷阱，如選項(xiàng)中的干擾或誤-導(dǎo)--信--息--。>

（每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

A

（2023?新課標(biāo)I）

OnMarch7,1907,theEnglish'statisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustrated

whathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentofestimationhe

conductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescould

bequiteaccurate.

Thiseffect②capitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren?talways

thesame.Somepeoplewilltendto^overestimate,andsometo,underestimate.Whenenoughof

theseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurate

estimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcancel

eachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbe

independent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,the

accuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist（轉(zhuǎn)折）onthisclassic

phenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmaller

groupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccurate

thanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtained

fromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethanthe

averageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Ina④follow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseof

whatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemost

confidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?This

happenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroups

reportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.,,Somehow,theseargumentsand

reasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotential

implicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。沒(méi)有人是一座孤島，文章陳述了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，

在某些情況下大量獨(dú)立估計(jì)的平均值可能是相當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確的。

1.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Themethodsofestimation.

B.Thecunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.

D?ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.

答案B

解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段闡述了人們所犯的錯(cuò)誤不總是相同的，各不

相同的誤差平均在一起，相互抵消就會(huì)產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的估計(jì)，討論了獨(dú)立估計(jì)的平均值如何由

于誤差的消除而變得更準(zhǔn)確。因此本段主要解釋了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)這一現(xiàn)象的基本邏輯。

故選B。

2.Navajas?studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif.

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmall

B.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcommunicate

D.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthat

people'sestimatesbeindependent.和第三段可知，人們?cè)跊](méi)有獨(dú)立的情況下，分成更小群

體，平均值是更準(zhǔn)確的，說(shuō)明即使在不完全獨(dú)立的情況下做出估計(jì)，準(zhǔn)確率也可以提高。故

選D。

3.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.

B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.

D.Theindividualestimates.

答案c

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前三句可知，在后續(xù)研究中，研究人員試圖更好地了解小組

成員在討論中實(shí)際做了什么。結(jié)合兩個(gè)問(wèn)題可知，后續(xù)研究的重點(diǎn)是小組內(nèi)的討論過(guò)程。故

選C。

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardNavajas'studies?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.

C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

答案D

解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然Navajas領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限性也存在

許多問(wèn)題，但對(duì)小組討論和決策的潛在影響巨大。因此推斷作者對(duì)于Navajas的研究持贊許

的態(tài)度。故選D。

語(yǔ)境猜詞

①statistician（派）=statistic+ian統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家，統(tǒng)計(jì)員

?capitalizeon充分利用

③overestimate（合）=over+estimate高估

underestimate（合）=under+estimate低估

④follow-up（合）=follow+up后續(xù)的

⑤underlying（合）=under+lying隱含的，潛在的

B

（2024?浙?江臺(tái)州二模）

Wheninstantcakemixesfirstappearedinthe1950s,Americanhousewiveswere

doubtfuLThesemixes,promisingeasycake-baking,felttooeasy.Themanufacturersdiscoveredthat

requiringtheadditionofanegginthebakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewives

happywiththeirwork.Thegreatersenseofeffortgainedfromalittleextralaborisbelievedtohave

beenessentialtothelatersuccessofthecakemix.

ThisreflectstheIKEAeffect（宜家效應(yīng)），whichisidentifiedbypsychologistMichael

I.Nortonandhiscolleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueonthingswehaveworkedto

create.Theyconductedfourstudiesinwhichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,

assembleIKEAboxes,andbuildsetsofLegos.Theythenaskedthebuilderstobid（出價(jià)）fortheir

creations,andcomparedthepriceswithbidsfrompeoplewhohadn'tbuiltthem.Thebuilders

consistently'outbidthenon-builders.

Interestingly,theIKEAeffectworksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofully

②personalizetheircreations.Whilemostparticipants,foldingskillsleftmuchtobedesired,they

lovedtheirimperfectlypersonalizedproductsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-like

creationsnearlyfivetimesasmuchasnon-builders.Beauty,itsevms

isintheeyeofthebuilder.

Today,ascitiesaresufferingfromseverehousingcrises,theIKEAeffectcangiveusinsight

.③......

intothewell-beingbenefitsofaself-buildingapproachtohousingdevelopment.Projectslike

WikiHouseandthe“half-a-house“approach④pioneeredbyAlejandroAravena?sarchitecture

companyElementalareworkingtomakehousingmoreaffordableandsustainablebymakingit

easierforpeopletobuildandpersonalizetheirownhomes.

“Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotallydifferent

relationshiptoit,“WikiHouseco-founderAlastairParvinexplained."Whentheroofstarts

leakingoradoorstartscreaking,theyhavethepowertofixitthemselves.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。本文通過(guò)舉例和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究解釋什么是宜家效應(yīng)，即人們更加珍視

自己親手創(chuàng)造的東西，并由此引發(fā)了對(duì)自我建造住房的好處的思考。

5.Whatbroughtcustomersthejoyofcake-bakingaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Abettertaste.

B.Aneasyapproach.

C.Adetailedrecipe.

D?Anadditionaleffort.

答案D

角翠析細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第K,中“Themanufacturersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionof

anegginthebakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.“可

知，額外的努力給顧客帶來(lái)了蛋糕烘焙的樂(lè)趣。故選D。

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?

A.Creationsarebasedonskills.

B.Extralaborincreasesperceivedvalue.

C.Beautyisfoundthroughcontrast.

D.Strictmanagementbringsgoodquality.

答案B

角翠析句意理解題。根據(jù)前文uBuildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsnearlyfive

timesasmuchasnon-builders可知，本段主要講述額外的勞動(dòng)會(huì)讓參與者更喜歡和珍視自己

的作品，所以畫(huà)線句意為“額外的勞動(dòng)增加了感知價(jià)值”。故選B。

7.WhatisAlastairParvin'sattitudetowardspublicinvolvementinhousing?

A.Critical.B.Objective.

C.Doubtful.D.Supportive.

答案D

解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一"段“WikiHouse的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人AlastairParvin解釋說(shuō)：'當(dāng)人

們參與到他們的建筑環(huán)境中時(shí)，他們與環(huán)境的關(guān)系就完全不同了。''當(dāng)屋頂開(kāi)始漏水或門(mén)

開(kāi)始吱吱作響時(shí)，他們有能力自己修理。'”可推知，AlastairParvin對(duì)公眾參與住房建設(shè)持

支持的態(tài)度。故選D。

8.What'sthepurposeofthistext?

A.Topromoteabrand.

B.Tomakeaproposal.

C.Toexplainaconcept.

D?Tointroduceastudy.

答案C

解析寫(xiě)作意圖題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要圍繞概念——宜家效應(yīng)（IKEAeffect）展開(kāi)，所

以本文的目的是解釋一個(gè)概念。故選C。

語(yǔ)境猜詞

①outbid（合）=out+bid在開(kāi)價(jià)上戰(zhàn)勝；出價(jià)高于

②personalize（派）=person+al+ize使個(gè)性化

③well-being（合）=well+being幸福，安康

?pioneer熟義：〃.先驅(qū)生義（文義）：。.倡導(dǎo)；做先鋒

⑤affordable（派）=afford+able便宜的，付得起的

C

（2024?河南新鄉(xiāng)二模）

Asugarreplacementcallederythritol（赤薛糖醇）hasbeenlinkedtobloodclotting（血液凝固），

stroke,heartattackanddeath,accordingtoanewstudy.

“Thedegreeofriskwasnotmodest,“saidleadstudyauthorDr.StanleyHazen.Peoplewith

existingriskfactorsforheartdiseasewillbetwiceaslikelytoexperiencetheriskiftheyhavethe

highestlevelsoferythritolintheirblood.Erythritolappearstobecausingbloodplatelets（血〃、板）to

clotmorereadily.Clotscanbreakoffandtraveltotheheartorthebrain,causingaheartattackora

stroke.

Erythritolisasugaralcohol,acarbfoundnaturallyinmanyfruitsandvegetables.However,

artificiallymanufacturedinmassivequantities,erythritolhasbecomeanextremelypopular

additiveto②low-carbproducts.

Thediscoveryoftheconnectionbetweenerythritolandcardiovascularissueswaspurely

accidental.Hazen?sresearchhadasimplegoal:findunknownchemicalsorcompoundsina

person?sblood.Todoso,theteamanalyzed1,157bloodsamples."Wefoundthissubstancethat

seemedtoplayabigrole,butwedidn'tknowitwaserythritol,a③sweeteneruntillater,“said

Hazen.Toconfirmthefindings,theteamtestedanothertwobatchesofbloodsamplesandfound

thathigherlevelsoferythritolwereconnectedtoagreaterriskofhear