備戰(zhàn)2025年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題4：語(yǔ)篇填空 第3講 冠詞、代詞和介詞

第3講冠詞、代詞和介詞WPS,aclicktounlimitedpossibilities匯報(bào)人：技法點(diǎn)撥

第一步:確定是否填冠詞首先,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),看空后是否有名詞。第二步:判斷是特指還是泛指(1)若設(shè)空后有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,搭配后表示泛指時(shí),應(yīng)考慮不定冠詞a/an;(2)若設(shè)空后有名詞,搭配后表示特指時(shí),應(yīng)考慮定冠詞the;(3)看是不是固定搭配。

技法1如何確定填冠詞典型例題1.(2023浙江1月卷)Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect____________cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.2.(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Themeatshouldbefreshwith_____

touchofsweetness,andthesouphot,clearanddelicious.3.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)____________friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.theaA解析1.考查冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空后為名詞culture,有限定詞ofgrassrootsBeijingers,應(yīng)用冠詞修飾表特指。2.考查冠詞。atouchof意為“少許,微量”,是固定搭配。3.考查冠詞。名詞friend前沒(méi)有限定詞,應(yīng)用冠詞。結(jié)合句意可知,此處指“他的一個(gè)朋友”,屬于泛指,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞。friend的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a?？仗幬挥诰涫?首字母應(yīng)該大寫(xiě),故填A(yù)。泛指不定冠詞a/an用在首次提到的或沒(méi)有限定的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示泛指特指1.特指上文提到的人或物,用定冠詞the2.特指被限制性修飾語(yǔ)加以限定的人或物,用定冠詞the3.特指表示雙方所默認(rèn)的特定的人或物,用定冠詞the類(lèi)指1.不定冠詞a/an用于表示事物的可數(shù)名詞前表示“一類(lèi)人或物”,如ahorse,avirus2.定冠詞用于形容詞前表示“一類(lèi)人或物”,如therich,thepoor等特殊手法1.以元音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞前用a的特殊詞:university,uniform,European,unit,useful,usual,unique等2.以輔音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞前用an的特殊詞:hour,honour,honest等3.固定搭配中的冠詞:inthechargeof,asaresult等4.a/an加序數(shù)詞表示“另一,又一”,如asecondchance意為“再一次機(jī)會(huì)”[名師點(diǎn)津]冠詞的用法語(yǔ)篇填空考查代詞有兩種考查方式:有提示詞類(lèi)和無(wú)提示詞類(lèi)。人稱(chēng)代詞及物主代詞多以有提示詞的形式出現(xiàn),已經(jīng)在前面講到。無(wú)提示詞類(lèi)主要考查it的用法。技法點(diǎn)撥

發(fā)現(xiàn)句子缺少形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)考慮it。

典型例題(浙江6月卷)Manywesternerswho/thatcometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

canbetoeatout.解析考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,it為形式主語(yǔ),toeatout為真正的主語(yǔ)。it技法2如何確定填代詞[名師點(diǎn)津]it的用法(1)指代天氣、時(shí)間、距離等;(2)代替上文提到過(guò)的事物;(3)可作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ);(4)it常用的固定句型:①I(mǎi)tis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分.正是……某事(物)/某人才……②It+be+adj.+of/forsbtodosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的。③Itisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.做某事不好/沒(méi)用/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。④sbhates/likes/enjoysitthat...某人討厭/喜歡……⑤whenitcomesto...當(dāng)談到……⑥assbputsit正如某人所言⑦makeit成功技法點(diǎn)撥

第一步:確定是否填介詞首先,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),其前面一般填介詞。第二步:根據(jù)句意及固定搭配確定答案分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在名詞前后時(shí),應(yīng)考慮名詞與介詞的搭配;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在不及物動(dòng)詞后名詞前時(shí),應(yīng)考慮動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在形容詞后名詞前時(shí),應(yīng)考慮形容詞與介詞的搭配。

技法3如何確定填介詞典型例題1.(2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThe

Peony

Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways__________

Romeo

and

Juliet.2.(2024新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)TheGlasshousestands___________

agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoutewhichbroughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.3.(2024全國(guó)甲卷)Thisarea,withitsuniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved____________allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.to

asfor解析1.考查介詞。此處考查固定短語(yǔ)besimilarto,表示“與……相似”。故填to。2.考查介詞。作為當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)的偉大成就,玻璃屋矗立著。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義填as,此處非固定搭配。3.考查介詞。結(jié)合句意,這里表示“為了”,用介詞for。句意:這個(gè)地區(qū)必須為了供全國(guó)人民欣賞得到很好的保護(hù)。[名師點(diǎn)津]常用的介詞(短語(yǔ)):(1)方位介詞:at,in,on,to,above,across,along,among,around,below,beside,between,down,near,off,over,through,towards,under,up等。(2)時(shí)間介詞:after,at,before,by,during,for,from,in,on,over,since,through,till,until,within,between等。(3)表示工具、手段、方式的介詞:by,on,over,with,in等。(4)表示原因的介詞:with,for,from,of,over等。(5)表示支持、反對(duì)的介詞:for,against等。(6)表示“除……之外”的介詞:besides,except,exceptfor,but,apartfrom等。(7)表示有或沒(méi)有的介詞:with,without等。(8)其他常用的介詞:like,unlike,next,opposite,considering,including,regarding,concerning等。(9)常用的介詞短語(yǔ):accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto,butfor等。課堂應(yīng)用Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Asitispurelyandfairlyclearandrichincolor,theregoesthesayingthatnowaterisworthyourattentionafteryourvisit

Jiuzhaigou.

2.Zhouhasbeenofferedopportunitiestogoabroadandexchangeexperience

peersoverseas.

3.IthaswontheloveofthemajorityofpeopleinChinaandbeenregarded

oneofthebestmatchesforrice.

4.Susanmade

cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

towithasit5.Chensays,“Ifeel

ourresponsibilitytocommunicateaboutthecharmoftheprimitiveinscriptionwiththeyoungergenerationsandforeigners.”6.Peoplewon’tpayattentiontoyouwhentheystillhavealotofideasoftheirowncrying

expression.

7.Whentheroverfinallyapproachedtheobject,itturnedouttobe__________rabbit-shapedrock.

8.

wasacustomforpeopletohangpeachwoodcharmstodriveawayevilspiritsduringtheSpringFestival.

9.Oneday,whenwelookupatthesky,wemayfindthatmanysatellitesin

vastuniversearelookingbackatus.

10.Alivingtreeisthus

importantstoragesiteforcarbonwhichmightotherwisebeaddedtothelevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.

itforaIttheanⅡ.語(yǔ)篇填空A(2024河北衡水示范性高中三模)Thecenturies-oldtraditionalChinesemedicinescraping(刮)massage,guasha,hasbecomeafashionamongyoungpeopleonthemainlandwhoshowoffthebruises(淤青)itcreates.Ontheyouthlifestylesocialmediaplatform,ayoungwomanusingtheaccountname@huapostedpicturesofherselfwearingaT-shirt,inwhichsheshowedherbruises1.

describedthemas“cool”.Sheisoneofmanywhoregardguashaasanefficientwaytoeasemusclepainsand2.

(tired).

andtirednessManyshared3.

(they)guashaexperiencesandtips,suchasusinghomemadescrapingtoolsanddifferentmeridians(經(jīng)脈)onthebodytorelax.

4.

(translate)fromjingmaiinChinese,themeridiansrefertopathsthroughwhichthelifeenergy5.

(flow)inthebodyandtoorgans.

Thepractice,alsoknownasscrapingandcoining,is6.

formoftraditionalChinesemassage(按摩)thatusesasmallandflattooltoscrapethesurfaceofskinalongthemeridians,7.

(leave)redbruisingasasignofreleasedtoxins.

theirTranslatedflowsaleavingThefolktreatment8.

originatedinancientChinahasenjoyedhugepopularityamongtheoldergeneration.Thetreatmentisusedfor9.

(condition)considerednotseriousenoughtogotohospital,accordingtoanarticleinthemagazineSanlian

Life

Lab.

Somedescribeguashaas“theChinesewaytocurethestressfromtheworkplace”sayingthepainandtearsasessionbringsare10.

(pleasurable)thanpartiesoraweekendattheseaside.that/whichconditionsmorepleasurable答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)刮痧被越來(lái)越多的年輕人所接受。1.and考查連詞。此處連接showed和described這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用連詞and。故填and。2.tiredness考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)painsand可知,此處應(yīng)該用名詞形式。故填tiredness。3.their考查代詞。修飾下文experiencesandtips應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。4.Translated考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處translate與themeridians為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用過(guò)去分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Translated。5.flows考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)energy為不可數(shù)名詞,且這句話陳述的是一般事實(shí),故此處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的形式。故填flows。6.a考查冠詞。form是可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指,且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞。故填a。7.leaving考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處與上文構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填leaving。8.that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞treatment,關(guān)系詞在從句作主語(yǔ),指物。故填that/which。9.conditions考查名詞的數(shù)。condition此處意為“疾病”,是可數(shù)名詞,此處數(shù)量大于一,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填conditions。10.morepleasurable考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)后面than的提示可知,這里應(yīng)該用pleasurable的比較級(jí),在前面加more。故填morepleasurable。B(2024江蘇徐州打靶試題)LocatedwithinHuzhou,ZhejiangProvince,XiaoxiStreetstandsasahistoricalandculturalprotectionblock.Itgracefullypreservesitsrichheritage1.

embracingtheessenceofmodernityperfectly.

With2.

(impress)buildingsdatingbacktothelateQingDynasty,thishistoricplace,situatedalongsidetheCaoduRiver,once3.

(serve)asajunctionplaceforancientcanaltransportation.Theriver,actingasavitalchannellinkingthemountainousregionsofJiangsu,Zhejiang,andAnhuiProvinces4.

Huzhoucity,playedasignificantroleintheprosperityofthisgreatlyrespectedblock.

whileimpressiveservedto/withThroughouthistory,XiaoxiStreetattractedhonoredfamilies,richmerchants,andgovernmentofficials,resultinginthe5.

(create)ofmassesofarchitecturalwondersthathavestoodthetestoftime.

creationAmongthesetreasures,theresidence(豪宅)ofNiuFubao,6.___________unusualQingDynastyofficial,standsasanoticeablehighlight.ConstructedbyamerchantfromHuizhou,thecomplex,7.

(display)distinctiveHuizhou-stylearchitecture,waslateracquiredbytheNiufamily.Remarkably,thecomplexboastsdelicatestonecarvingson8.

(it)doorsandararehigh-levelbeamstructure,carefully9.

(preserve)tothisday.Since2013,thelocalgovernmenthasundertakenacomprehensiveprojectaimedatprotectingthishistoricblock.Meanwhile,modernculturalindustries,includinggalleries,pottery-makingworkshopsandpubliclibraries,10.

(integrate)tobreatheyouthfulvitalityintothearea,transformingtheblockintoacenterofculturalandcreativeindustries.

andisplayingitspreservedhavebeenintegrated答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要向我們介紹了浙江省湖州市境內(nèi)的小西街的風(fēng)景、建筑,以及小西街歷史和文化意義。1.while考查連詞。句子的主干部分是“Itgracefull