2023年英語四級真題第三套

202３年６月英語四級真題第三套(文字版整頓)PartIＷｒiting(30minutｅs)Ｄiｒeｃｔiｏns:Forｔhispart，ｙouarealｌoｗｅd3０minutestｏwritealetteｒtoeｘpｒessyｏuｒｔhanｋsｔｏoneofｙourfrｉenｄsｗhohelｐｅdｙoumｏsｔｗｈeｎyouｗｅｒｅｉndｉfｆicｕlty.Yｏushoulｄwritｅａt(yī)ｌｅasｔ120wordsbutnomoreｔhａn１8０words.PartIIIReadiｎgCoｍpｒeｈｅnｓion（40ｍinｕｔｅs）SecｔiｏnASignsbａrrinｇcｅll-phｏneｕseａｒeafａmiliarsightｔoanyoｎewｈohaseｖｅrsatiｎahosｐitalwaｉtiｎgrooｍ.Ｂutthe_＿＿＿_(dá)(２6)pｏpｕlａrityoｆelｅctronｉcmｅdicａlrecordshasfoｒｃｅｄｈospｉｔaｌ－baseｄｄｏctorstｏbecomｅ__＿_(dá)＿(２7)oncoｍpｕterstｈrougｈouｔtheday,anddｅsktoｐs-whichkeepdｏctorsｆrombｅsｉｄｅs-are_____（28)gｉvingｗaytｏｗirｅlessdevices.Asclｅricalloａｄsiｎcｒeａｓｅd,"ｓomethinｇｈadto_＿＿_(dá)_(29)，anｄthaｔwasａlwayｓfａcetiｍｅwitｈpatients,"saｙsDr.BhaktiPatel,aformercｈiefrｅsｉdeｎｔiｎtheUnivｅｒsityofCｈiｃａｇo'sintｅｒnal-mediｃinepｒogram.Infalｌ202３,sｈeheｌｐed_____(30）apilotproｊecｔｉｎChicagotoｓeｅifｔhｅiPadcoulｄｉmproveworkingｃｏｎｄiｔiｏnsandｐaｔiｅntcarｅ.Thｅexpeｒimentｗasso_＿_(dá)__(3１)tｈaｔａlｌinｔernal-medicｉneprogｒaｍａdoptedｔhesame＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)(32)ｉn2023．ＭeｄｉｃalｓchoolsatＹaleandSｔanfordnowhaｖｅpaｐerless,iPaｄ－baｓｅdcurriｃｕlumｓ．＂Ｙou'ｌlwａntａniPａdjuｓtsoyoucａｎweaｒthiｓ"isｔhｅsｌｏgａｎｆoroneｏftｈｅneｗlabcoats_____(33)withlａrｇepocketsｔoａccommｏｄaｔetablｅtcoｍputers.AstudyoｆtheUniversitｙｏfChｉcagoiＰjｅctｆoundthatpatｉentsgottestsand__＿_(dá)_(３４)fasteriftheywｅｒecaredfｏrbｙiPad-ｅqｕippedｒesｉdents．Maｎｙpatientｓalso＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)(35）abetｔeruｎderstaｎdiｎgoｆtheiｌlnesｓｅsthａｔｌａndedｔhｅmintｈehoｓｐitaｌinthefiｒstplace.A.ｄｅpenｄｅntB．ｄesigneｄC.fastＤ.ｆlyｉngE.gainedF．giveG.ｇrｏｗｉnｇＨ.launchI.poliｃyJ.proｓｐectＫ.ratｈerL.ｒeliａｂleＭ.sｉgnalN.ｓucceｓｓfulO.ｔreatmentｓSectiｏｎBAｎcientGreekＷiｓｄoｍInｓpiresGuｉdｅlinestｏＧoｏdＬife[Ａ]Isitｐossiｂｌeｔoenjoyaｐeacｅfuｌlifｅｉnａworldｔhａｔisincreasinglychａlｌenｇedbythｒeaｔsａnｄｕnceｒtaintｉｅsｆｒｏmwarｓ，teｒｒｏrｉsm，econoｍiccｒｉsesandａｗidｅspreadoutbｒeakofｉｎfecｔｉouｓdｉｓeaｓeｓ？Theansｗerisyes，accoｒdinｇtoａnewbookTｈｅ10GｏldenRuｌes:ＡnｃiｅntＷｉsdoｍfroｍtheＧｒｅekPｈｉlｏｓopｈeｒsｏnＬivingaGooｄＬｉfｅ.Tｈebｏoｋisｃo-ａuｔｈorｅdｂyLongIｓｌanｄＵnｉvｅrsitｙ＇ｓｐhiｌｏｓophypｒofｅssｏrMichaｅｌSoupiｏsandeｃonoｍｉｃsprofessorPａnoｓMｏｕrdｏukoutａs.[B]ＴhewｉsdomofｔheancｉentGreｅkphilｏsoｐhersiｓｔimeｌｅss,saysSｏuｐiｏs.Thｅphilosophyproｆessorｓａysitiｓａｓrｅlｅvaｎttodaｙaswheｎitwaｓfirstwritteｎmanycenturｉesａgo."Theｒｅisnoexpiratioｎ(失效)daｔeｏnwisdom,＂hesaｙs"Thｅreｉsnoshｅｌfｌifeoｎｉnteｌliｇｅｎce．Ithｉnkthatthiｎgshａvebeｃomeveｒyglooｍytheｓeday,lotｓｏfmiｓunderｓtandiｎg,miｓlｅａdｉnｇcuｅs,alｏtofwhａt(yī)tｈeancｉenｔｓｗoｕldhavｅcaｌlｅdｓｏphｉstry(狡辯)．ThenｉcethingａbouｔａnｃｉentpｈｉｌosopｈyasofｆeredbytheGｒeeｋsistｈａt(yī)thｅｙtendedtoｓeｅｌifecｌearａndwhoｌe,inaｗａyｔｈａt(yī)weteｎdｎｏｔtoseeｌifetoday.＂Ｅxａｍineyourlｉfｅ［C]Sｏｕpｉes,alｏngwitｈhｉｓｃo－ａuthｏrPａnoｓＭourdoukoutas,develｏpedthｅｉｒ10goｌｄｅnrｕｌeｓbyturningtotｈemｅnｂehindthａt(yī)pｈiloｓoｐｈy-Ａriｓtotｌｅ,Sｏcｒatｅs，EpictetｕsaｎdPyｔｈａｇｏｒaｓ,amｏngothers.Theｆiｒsｔruｌe-ｅxａｍｉneｙoｕrlife-isｔheｃommonthｒｅａdtｈaｔｒuｎsthrougｈthｅentirｅbooｋ.SoupｉossaystｈatiｔisbasedonPlａt(yī)o'ｓobｓervatioｎthattheｕnexａminedlifeｉsnoｔworthlｉving."TｈeGｒeekarealwaysｃoncerｎｅｄaboutboxiｎgｔｈｅmselveｓiｎ,intermsofcｏnvictions(信念),"hesays."Sotakeastepbacｋ,sｗiｔchoffｔheａuｔomaｔicpilotａｎｄaｃtuａlｌystｏpandreｆlｅctaｂoutthｉngslikeourｐｒｉｏriｔｉeｓ,ouｒvａｌues,aｎdoｕrreｌａt(yī)ioｎships."Sｔopwｏrryiｎgaｂoutwhatyoｕcａｎnｏtcontrｏｌ[D]Aｓｗｅbeｇintoexａｍinｅoｕrlife,Soupｉoｓsａys,ｗecometｏRuleNo.2:Worryｏnlyabouttｈingsthaｔyoucanｃoｎｔrｏl.＂ＴhｅindividｕａlwhｏpｒomotｅｄｔhisideａwasaStoicphiｌosｏｐherHｉsnａｍeiｓＥpｉcｔetus,＂hesays."AndwhaｔtheＳtoicssaｙiｎgeneraliｓsimｐlytｈｉs.Therｅｉsalargerplaninlife.Yoｕａrenｏtｒealｌyｇoingtoｂeabｌｅｔｏuｎderstaｎdallofthｅdimerisｉonsoftｈispｌan.Youareｎotgｏiｎgtobｅabｌｅtｏｃoｎｔｒｏｌthedimensiｏnsoｆthｉsplaｎ."[E]So,Soｕpioseｘｐｌaｉｎs，iｔisnoｔｗｏrtｈittowastｅｏurphysicａｌ,intelｌectuａｌandspiritualｅnergｙworryinｇaｂoutthingｓthaｔａrebeyoｎdoｕrcontrol.＂ＩcaｎnotcontrolwhetheroｒnｏtIwindｕpgｅtｔinｇtｈedｉｓeaseswinｅflｕ,fｏrｅxamｐle."Hesays.＂Imeaｎ,ｔｈerｅareｓoｍｅｃautiousｓtｅps.Icantakｅ,bｕｔultimａt(yī)elｙIcaｎｎotguａranteｅmysｅｌｆthａt(yī)．ＳoｗhaｔEｐiｃtetuswoulｄsａyissittｉnｇａt(yī)homewｏrryingaboutthaｔｗouldｂewrongａndｗasｔerfｕｌａndiｒｒaｔional.Ｙousｈouｌdｌiｖeyｏurlifeatteｍpｔｉngtoiｄｅntifｙanｄcontｒolthosｅtｈiｎｇswhichyouｃangenuiｎelycontrol．＂Sｅektrueｐleａｓure[Ｆ]Toｈaｖeameanｉngｆｕl,ｈａppylifeｗeneedｆrienｄs.BuｔａｃｃｏrdingtoArisｔotle－astｕｄenｔofPｌａt(yī)oａndｔeaｃhｅrofAleｘaｎdeｒthｅGｒeat-mostrｅｌaｔionshiｐsdon'tquaｌiｆyastｒuefrieｎｄｓhｉpｓ."JusｔbecaｕsｅＩhaｖｅａbｕsiｎessreｌatiｏnｓhipwｉthanｉｎdiviｄuａlaｎdIｃanpｒofｉｔｆｒomthatrｅlatiｏnsｈｉp,ｉtｄoeｓnotnecessarilymeanthａｔtｈispersoniｓmyｆrienｄ.＂Ｓoupioｓsaｙs．"Ｒealｆｒiｅnｄｓｈipisｗhentwoinｄiviｄualsｓharethesamesｏul.ItｉｓabeａuｔifulanｄunchaｒactｅｒｉsticallｙｐoctiｃiｍageｔhatＡrisｔｏtleoffｅrs."［G]Inourpｕrsuiｔｏｆthｅgooｄliｆe，hesａys,ｉtisimpｏｒtanttｏseekｏuttrｕeｐleasｕres-adｖｉcewhicｈｗasｏrigiｎalｌyoｆfeｒeｄｂｙＥpicｕrｕｓ.ButunlｉkｅｔｈemodｅrnｄefｉnｉtionofEpｉcurｅａｎismaｓalifeofindulgｅｎce（放縱)ａnｄluｘury,fｏrtheanｃientGreeks,itmｅantfindingaｓtateｏfcalm,peａceaｎdmentaｌｃasｅ．［H]"ThiswａstｈehigｈestandmoｓｔdesｉrableforｍofｐleaｓurｅandhaｐpinessfortｈeaｎcｉeｎｔEpicureans.＂Soupiossayｓ.＂Thｉsiｓsoｍeｔｈiｎgthatisveryｍｕchwellｗorｔhcｏｎsiderinｇhereinthemodernｅra．Iｄonotｔｈinktｈaｔｗeｓpｅndnｅarlyeｎｏｕｇhtimetryingtoconceｎtratｅonacｈievｉｎgaｓortofcalｍness,asortofconｔｅntmentinmenｔalanｄsｐｉｒｉtual,whiｃｈwasiｄentifiedbythｅｓｅｐｅｏpｌeastｈegighｅstｆorｍofhaｐpｉneｓsandplｅasure."Dogｏodtoothers[Ｉ］Ｏtheｒgｏldenrｕlescｏｕnｓｅlustｏmaｓteｒouｒselｖes,tｏavoiｄeｘcessanｄnｏttobeapｒosperous(發(fā)跡旳)ｆooｌ.Theｒearealsorulｅｓｄｅalｉｎgwｉthinｔerpｅrsonａlreｌatiｏｎｓｈｉps.Ｂearesponsiblｅhｕｍａnbeingaｎdｄｏｎotdoevilthingstootheｒs．[J]"ThｉsiｓHｅsioｄ,ofcｏuｒｓe,ayoｕnｇerconteｍｐoraｒypoet,webelieve，withHomer,"Ｓoupiossａys."Hesioｄofferｓaniｄeａ-whiｃhyｏuveryofｔenｆｉndｉｎsｏｍｅｏｆtheｗｏｒd'sｇreatreliｇionｓ,inthｅＪｕdeｏ-ChｒistｉaｎtrａｄitioｎanｄｉnＩｓlamanoｔｈeｒs-ｔhatｉnsｏmesensｅ，wｈenｙouhurｔaｎｏtheｒhumａnbeiｎg,youhuｒtyourseｌf.Ｔhａｔdamagｉngoｔherpeoｐleinyｏuｒcommuｎｉｔyaｎdinyｏurlife,ｔｒａshinｇreｌatｉonsｈiｐs,resultsｉnakｉｎｄofsｅlf－inflicｔｅd（自己招致旳）ｓpirｉｔuaｌwoｕnd．"[K]Instead,Soupioｓsays，ancｉenｔwisｄoｍurgesｕｓtodoｇood.GoldenRｕleNo．10forａgoodlifeistｈatｋｉndｎeｓｓtowardotｈerstendstobｅrｅwａrded.[L]＂ＴｈｉsisAesｏp,tｈefａbｕlisｔ(寓言家)，themanoftｈesecｈaｒminglitｔletaｌeｓ,ｏftｅntoｌdintｅｒmsoｆanｉｍalsandanimaｌrelationshｉps．"Hesayｓ．＂IthiｎｋwhatAeｓopwａssuggestingiｓtｈatwhenyouoffｅragｏoｄtuｒｎtｏanothｅrhuｍａnbeｉｎg.Onecａnhopｅｔｈattｈatｇooｄdeedｗillcomebackandsortｏｆpａｙaprｏｆitｔoyoｕ,tｈedoerofｔhegｏoddｅeｄ．Eｖeｎifｔhereisnocｏncｒetｅbenｅfiｔpaidinrespｏnsetoｙoｕｇｏｏdｄeeｄ.Attheverｙleasｔ,thedoeroftｈegoｏddeedhastheopportｕｎｉtytoｅｎjｏｙａkindoｆsｐirituaｌｌyeｎlｉgｈｔenｅdmoｍent.＂[M]Ｓoupiosｓayfｏllowinｇthe10GoldｅnＲulｅsbａsedonanｃｉentwisdomcａnguｉｄeustoｔhｅpａt(yī)hoｆtheｇoodlifewheｒewｅstopｌiｖingasoｎｌooｋersaｎｄbeｃomeeｎgａgedａｎｄhaｐpierhuｍanbｅinｇｓ．Aｎdthaｔ,henotｅｓ,ｉsalifewoｒthｌivｉnｇ.3６.AccoｒdingtoaｎaｎcientGｒeｅｋphiloｓopｈer，itisimpossibｌefoｒusｔｏｕndｅrstａndeveryaspectoｆｏurlife.３7.AnciｅnｔPｈiｌｏsｏpｈeｒssawlｉｆeｉnaｄｉfferentｌightｆromｐｅｏpleofｔoｄay.38.Noｔaｌlyourｂuｓinｅssｐａｒtnerｓareyoｕrsｏuｌｍａt(yī)eｓ.4９．Wecanｌiveａpｅaｃefulｌifedespitethｅvａriouschalｌenｇesoｆthemodｅrnｗorld.4０.Thｅdoeｒofａgｏoddｅeｄｃａnｆeeｌｓpｉritｕaｌｌｙreｗａｒdeｄeｖenwheｎtheygａinｎoｃoncreteｂeｎefits.41.Ｈowtｏachiｅveｍeａt(yī)alcａlmnｅssanｄcontentｍｅｎtiswｅｌlwｏrtｈourｃoｎsidｅratｉontoday．４2.MichaｅｌSｏｕpiossuggeststhatwesｈouｌｄsｔopaｎdthinkcaｒefｕlｌyaｂoutｏurpriｏritieｓiｎlife.43.Anciｅｎtpｈｉｌoｓｏpｈerｓsｔｒｏnglyａｄｖiｓetｈatwｅdｏｇood.44.ThewiｓeteacｈingsofancientGreeｋｔhiｎkｅrsaretimeless,andareaｐpliｃablｅｔocoｎｔemporａrylifｅ.45.Dohａrmｔootheｒsanｄyoudｏｈaｒmtoyourseｌｆ.SecｔionCPａsｓaｇｅOneAttｉtuｄestowarｄnewtｅchnoloｇｉesoftenaｌongｇeneratiｏnaｌｌines.Ｔｈaｔis,ｇｅｎerally,ｙoｕngerpeｏｐｌetendｔｏoutｎumbｅroldeｒpeoplｅｏnthｅｆｒｏｎtendｏfaｔｅchnｏｌogicaｌshift.Ｉtisｎotaｌwaystheｃase，ｔhough.Whenｙｏulookatａｔｔｉtudestowarddriｖerｌｅsscars，ｔｈeｒｅdｏeｓn'tsｅemtobｅacｌearｇenerａｔionaｌdivｉｄｅ.Theｐｕｂlicoveraｌlissplｉtｏnwhetｈertｈey'ｄlikｅtouseadrivｅrlｅsｓｃaｒ．Inａstudyｌａstyeａr，ofallpeoｐｌesurveyed,48ｐeｒｃentsaｉdtheywａnｔedtoｒｉdeinoｎe,ｗhiｌe50ｐeｒceｎｔdidnｏt.Tｈefacethatattitudestoｗardseｌf-ｄrｉvingｃarsａｐpeartobesｏstｅadyacrossgenerａt(yī)iｏnssuggestshｏｗtrａｎsfoｒｍatｉvetheshｉfttodｒiverlｅｓｓｃarscoｕldbe.Noteveｒyｏｎｅwanｔsａdriverlesscarnow-ａndnooｎｅｃangetoneｙet-butamoｎgｔhｏsewｈｏareopentotheｍ,eveｒyａgegroupｉｓｓimilarｌｙengageｄ．Ａcｔualｌy,tｈｉsiｓn'tsurｐrising．Ｗｈereａsoldergeｎerationsaresｏmetｉｍerｅluctanttoadoptnewｔechnoｌoｇies，dｒiveｒlｅsscarsproｍiserealvａluetotｈｅsｅaｇegroupｓinｐarticulａr.Ｏlderadults,espeｃiallｙthosewitｈlimｉtedmoｂilitｙoｒdifficultyｄｒｉvｉngoｎtｈｅirｏwn,areoneoｆtｈeclａssiｃusｅeａsｅsｆoｒdriｖerlｅsscars．Tｈiｓiｓｅerestingｗhenyouconsiｄeｒthａｔｙoungerpeoplｅarｅgeｎeraｌlyｍoｒｅｉnteresｔedintravel-relateｄtechnologiesthaｎｏlderoｎes.Wｈeｎiｔcｏｍestoｄriｖerlesｓcａrs,differencesiｎaｔｔｉtudeareｍｏrｅｐronouｎcedbasedｏｎｆａctｏrsnoｔreｌateｄｔｏagｅ.Ｃｏｌｌegegraｄuaｔｅｓ,foｒexample,areparticulａｒlyinterｅsteｄｉndriｖerｌesscarｓcompａredwiｔhthosewhohaｖelｅssedｕcation,５9percentofｃｏllｅｇｅｇraduatｅssａidtheｙwouldliketousｅadriｖerlesｓｃarｃompａredｗｉth3８ｐercentofthosewithaｈｉgｈ-schooldｉｐloｍaorｌeｓs．Ｗhｅreａｐerｓonｌｉvesmatters,too．Moreｐeoplewｈolｉvｅsiｎcitiｅｓａndsuburｂssaidthｅｙwantedtｏtrydｒiｖeｒｌｅsｓｃaｒstｈａｎthoseｗholivediｎruralareas.Ｗhｉlｅthｅrｅ'ｓreａｓonｔobｅlｉeveerestinｓelf-drivｉnｇｃaｒsisgｏｉngupaｃｒossthｅｂoaｒd,aperｓｏn'sagewillhaｖelittletoｄoｗitｈｈoｗseｌf－drivｉnｇcarscａnbebeｃｏｍingmａinstreａm.Oncｅdriｖerlesscaresａreaｃｔuallｙavaｉlabｌefｏrｓaｆe,theｅaｒlyadoｐteｒswilｌbethepeopleｗhocaｎaｆｆoｒdtobuyｔhｅm.46.Wｈaｔhapｐenswheｎanｅwtechnｏlogyｅmerges?A.Itfurtherwiｄensｔheｇａpbetwｅentheoldandtheyｏｕnｇ.B．Itｏｆｔｅnleadｓtｏinnoｖａt(yī)iｏｎsｉｎotherreｌateｄｆielｄｓ.C.Itconｔｒibｕtｅgrｅatlyｔotheadｖａncｅofsｏcｉｅtyasawhoｌe．D．Iｔusｕallyｄｒawsｄiffｅrentreactioｎｓｆｒｏmｄｉfferenｔagegｒouｐs.４7.Whatdoestheaｕthｏrsayａbｏuttheｄｒiｖerlessｃａr?A.Iｔdoeｓｎoｔsｅemtocｒeateagenｅraｔionaldiviｄe.B.Itwillnoｔneｃeｓsａrilｙreducｅｒoadacｃiｄeｎtｓ.Ｃ.Itｍａystartarevolutionintｈecaｒiｎdusｔｒy.Ｄ.Ｉthaｓｇiｖenriseｔｏｕnreａｌｉsticexpeｃtatｉｏns.４8.Whydoesｔｈｅdriｖeｒlesscaｒapｐeａｌtｏsoｍeoldpeople?A.Ｉtsａveｓthｅirenergy.B．Ithelpsｗiththeiｒmoｂility.Ｃ.Ｉtaｄdstｏthesａfｅtyｏftheirtraｖｅｌ．D.Itstirｓupthｅirinteｒestｉnlife.4９．Whatislｉkｅlytoaffectone'sattitｕｄeｔowａｒｄthedｒiveｒｌesｓcａr?A.Thelocａt(yī)ｉｏnoｆｔheiｒreｓidｅｎce.B.ＴheamoｕntofｔheirsｐｅciaｌinterｅｓｔC．Theａmountoftrａｉninｇｔｈeyｒeceived.D.Thelengｔhofｔheirdｒiｖingeｘｐｅrieｎce.50．Whoaｒｅｌikelｙtｏｂetｈeｆirsttobuｙｔheｄｒiｖerlesｓｃａr?A.Thesｅnｉｏｒ.B.Tｈｅeducated.Ｃ.TheweaIthy.D.Theｔechｆans.PasｓａgeＴｗoInagrariaｎ（農(nóng)業(yè)旳),pre-iｎｄｕstrialEuｒope，"yｏu'dwantｔowakｅupｅａrly，staｒｔworｋingwitｈｔｈeｓunrise,hａveaｂreakｔoｈaｖｅthelargesｔmeal,ａｎdthｅｎyou'ｄｇobackｔowｏrk，"sａｙsKenAlｂala，fessｏrofhiｓｔoryatｔheUniversiｔyofthｅPaｃific,"Ｌateｒ,aｔ5or６,you'dhaveasmallｅrsuｐper."Ｔhiscoｍfｏrｔablecycｌe，iｎｗhichtheｒｈyｔhmsoｆtheｄayheｌpedshaｐｅtherｈythmsoftｈemeals，gａvｅrisetoｔhecｕｓtomoｆthelaｒgemiddaymeａl,eatｅnwithtｈeexteｎdedfamiｌy，"Mealareｔhefｏｕｎdatｉoｎofthefamilｙ,'ｓayｓCaroleCounibａｎ.aprｏfｅssｏratMｉllｅrsvilｌeＵｎｉversiｔyiｎPeensｙlｖａnｉa，＂sotherｅwasａｖeryｉmportantiｎterｃoｎnectｉonbetweｅneａｔingtogetｈer"andｓtrengtｈ-eatingｆamilyｔｉes.Sinceindｕstrｉalizaｔion,maintａinｉｎgsuchasｌowcｕlｔuralmetabolｉsmhasｂeenmｕcｈharｄｅr.Ｗithtｈelｏnｇｍiddaymeａｌshｒinkingtowhateｖerｃouldbesｔuｆfedintｏalｕnchbuckｅｔorboughｔatafoodstand.Certaiｎｌy，thｅrewerebeneｆitｓ．Mｏdｅrntｅchniqｕeｓfｏrproducｉngaｎdshippｉｎgfoodleｄtoｇｒeatervariｅtyａｎdqｕaｎtity，iｎcludiｎgaｔreｍendous，inｃreaseinｔｈeａmountｏｆanimaｌｐｒｏtｅinａnｄdairypｒoductｓａvａiｌable,makinｇusｍorｅvｉgorousｔhａｎoｕraｎcestorｓ.Yｅtpleｎtyhaｓｂeenlosｔtoo，ｅveninculｔuｒeｓthaｔstｉlｌlｉvetoeat.ＴakｅItaly.Ｉt'snosecrettｈatthｅMｅdｉterranｅandｉｅtishealthy，butitwasaｌｓｏａjoytopｒepareaｎｄcat.Itａliaｎs,ｓayｓCｏuｎiｈan,traditｉonallybegaｎｔhedaywｉthasｍallmeal.Thebiｇmealｃameatarｏｕnd1p.ｍ.Inbｅtwｅentｈemiddaymealandａlaｔe,smallerdｉｎnｅrｃａmeasmａllsnack.Tｏdaｙ,ｗheｎtiｍｅｚonesｈaveｌessandlｅssｍeaning,therｅｉslittletｏleraｎｃｅforoffｉces＇closingｆｏｒlunｃh,aｎdworseningtrａfficinｃitiesｍeansｗorkｅrｓcａn'tmａkeｉtｈｏｍｅａｎdbacｋｆastenoughanywaｙ.Ｓotheformeｒｌysｍallsupｐeraftersundｏwnbecｏmesthｅbiｇmｅalｏfｔheday.ｔhｅoｎlｙｏｎeａt(yī)ｗhichthefaｍｉｌyｈasachancetogｅttoｇetｈｅr．"Theevenｉngmeaｌcａｒrieｓtｈefullbuｒｄenthaｔｕseｄｔobeｓprｅａｄovertwoｍeａls"saｙsCoｕｎihan.５1.Whａt(yī)ｄｏwelearnfrｏｍｔhｅpassageaboｕtｐeｏpleｉnｐrｅ-induｓｔrialEuropｅ?A.Ｔhｅyhadｔoｗorkfrｏmearlyｍorｎｉnｇtiｌｌlateatnｉgｈt.Ｂ.Theｙweｒｅsobusyｗorkiｎgthaｔtheyｏｎlyaｔesiｍpleｍealｓ.C．Ｔheirｄailyrｏutineｆolloweｄtherhyｔhmofthenaturalcｙcle．D.Theirlifewasｍucｈfｏrtableｔhaｎｔｈaｔoftodａｙ.52.WhatdoｅsProfeｓsorＣarｏleCoｕｎihａnsayaｂｏut.ｐre－industriaｌEｕrｏpｅanfaｍiｌiesｅatｉｎgmealstoｇetheｒ?A.Iｔwashelｐfuｌtomaintainｉnganaｔion'ｓtｒaｄition.B．Itbｒouｇhtfａｍilyｍemｂerｓcloｓerｓtｏｅａchｏthｅr.Ｃ.Itwaｓcharacterｉｓtiｃoftheagrａrianｃultuｒｅ.Ｄ．Itｅｎａｂledｆａmiliestosaveａlotｏfmｏnｅy．５3.Ｗhatdoes"culturalmetabolism"（Liｎｅ1，Paｒa.3)referｔｏ？A．Eｖｏlｕtiｏｎaryaｄapｔatｉｏｎ．B.Chaｎｇesｉnlifeｓtｙle.C.Soｃiaｌprogrｅss.D．Paｃeｏfｌife.5４.Whatdoestheａuthorthiｎkofｔhefooｄｐｅopleeａt(yī)tｏdａy？Ａ.Ｉtsquａlityisusuａllyguａrａntｅed.B.Iｔｉｓvaried,abundantandnutｒｉtioｕs.C.Itｉsｍｏrｅcostlythanｗhatｏｕrａncesｔｏrsａt(yī)e.D.Ｉtsproductｉoｎdepｅｎｄsｔoomuchｏｎｔechｎoｌoｇy.5５．ＷｈatdｏesthｅaｕtｈｏｒsａyａbouｔＩtaliａnsoftheolddａys.A.Tｈｅｙenjｏyedcoｏkingaｓwellａseatｉnｇ.B．Theｙaｔｅabigｄinｎerｌaｔeｉntheeｖening.C.Tｈeｙatethｒeemealsｒegｕlaｒlyeveｒyｄａy.D.Ｔhｅywereexperｔatcoｏkiｎgmｅals.PａrtIVTrａnｓlａt(yī)iｏn(30minｕtes)Dirｅctionｓ:Forthisparｔ，ｙouａrｅaｌｌowed30miｎutestotransｌａt(yī)eapassａgefｒomCｈinesｅinｔoＥngliｓh。YoｕｓhoｕldwritｅｙouransｗeroｎtheANSWERＳHＥET２。烏鎮(zhèn)是浙江旳一座古老水鎮(zhèn),坐落在京杭大運河畔。這是一處迷人旳地方，有許多古橋、中式旅店和餐館。在過去旳一千年里,烏鎮(zhèn)旳水系和生活方式并未經(jīng)歷多少變化，是一座展現(xiàn)古文明旳博物館。烏鎮(zhèn)所有房屋都用石木建造。數(shù)百年來,當(dāng)?shù)厝搜刂舆吔ㄆ鹆俗≌图?。無數(shù)寬闊漂亮?xí)A庭院藏身于屋舍之間，游客們每到一處都會有驚喜旳發(fā)現(xiàn)。參照答案參照范文：ＤearMary，Ｉwouldlikｅtotakｅthｉｓopporｔunｉtytoexpressmyheaｒｔｆeltgrａt(yī)itｕdetｏyoｕfｏｒyｏurheｌpwheｎＩwasindiffiｃultｙ。Yｏuhaveｂeenverykindandheｌpfulsinｃewekｎewｅaｃhother。Lａsｔweeｋ,Icａｕｇhtａbａdcolｄａndｈadtoｓtayａｔhomｅforaｗeｅk。WｈenIwａsworrｙingaｂｏｕttheｌessoｎs，ｙｏｕｃａmetｏmyhomｅafterschｏolandhelpeｄmewithｅｖerysubjeｃt。Withｙｏurhｅlｐ，Ididn’tfallｂｅhinｄｏtherｓ。Ａgａiｎ,thａnｋssｏmuchfoｒyoureｎthｕsｉasticheｌp。Evｅｎ