山西省呂梁市2025年高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省呂梁市2025年高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACouchsurfing(沙發(fā)客)isaservicethatconnectsmemberstoaglobalcommunityoftravelers.Usecouchsurfingtofindaplacetostayorshareyourhomeandhometownwithtravelers.Thefollowingishowitworks.CreateaprofileCompletelyfilloutyourcouchsurfingprofile!Thiswillbeyourhomebaseandisareflectionofyou:yourlifestyleandwhat’simportanttoyou.Hereyoucantellpeopleifyou’retravelingorwouldliketohost.Besuretoincludephotos.Don’thaveaprofileyet?PleaseclickSignUpNow.ExploreyourcityGettingintouchwithexperiencedcouchsurfersinyourareaisthebestwaytogetafeelforhowcouchsurfingworks.Justheadtoyourcity’sPlacePageandlookattheweeklyeventshappeningnearyou.ClickJoin,showupandyou’reonyourway!SurftheworldIfyou’rereadyforanadventure,searchforthecityyouplantovisitandlookforlocalswithcouchesavailable.Lookthroughprofilestofindpeopleyoumightwanttostaywith.Whenyoufindafewinterestingpotentialhosts,carefullyreviewtheirprofilesandsendacouchrequestforthedatesyou’llbethere.Weusuallyrecommendsendingaboutfivecouchrequests.ListyourcouchOnceyou’veexploredthesiteandhavebeentoaneventortwo,considermakingyourcouch,spareroomorairmattressavailabletotravelers.Setyourcouchstatus(狀態(tài))underCouchInformation.Youcansetitto“NotRightNow”ifyouwanttobeavailableasacityresourcefortravelersbutareunabletohost.Youcansetitto“No”ifyou’renotavailableordon’thaveanyextraspace,or“Maybe/Yes”toshowupinsearchresultsfortravelerswhoareplanningatriptoyourarea.1.Whatshouldyoudowithyourprofile?A.Postitonline. B.Submitittoyourhosts.C.Carryittoweeklyevents. D.Keepitathome.2.Howcanyouexperiencecouchsurfingbest?A.Tofindpotentialcouchproviders. B.Toknowmoreaboutone’sowncity.C.Tocommunicatewithothercouchsurfers. D.Tojoinatourgrouptothesamedestination.3.Whatdoessettingyourcouchstatusto“Maybe/Yes”mean?A.Youareplanningtotakeatrip. B.Yourcouchrequestisconfirmed.C.Youhaveacceptedaguesttraveler. D.You’rereadytohosttravelers.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了Couchsurfing的服務(wù)流程?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Createaprofile部分“Don’thaveaprofileyet?PleaseclickSignUpNow.(還沒有個(gè)人資料？請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊“立即注冊(cè)”。)”可知，你應(yīng)該把個(gè)人資料發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Exploreyourcity部分“Gettingintouchwithexperiencedcouchsurfersinyourareaisthebestwaytogetafeelforhowcouchsurfingworks.(與你所在地區(qū)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的沙發(fā)客取得聯(lián)系是了解沙發(fā)客如何工作的最好方式。)”可知，與其他沙發(fā)用戶交流才能最好地體驗(yàn)沙發(fā)旅行。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Listyourcouch部分“Youcansetitto“No”ifyou’renotavailableordon’thaveanyextraspace,or“Maybe/Yes”toshowupinsearchresultsfortravelerswhoareplanningatriptoyourarea.(如果你沒有時(shí)間或沒有多余的空間，你可以將其設(shè)置為“否”，或者為計(jì)劃到你所在地區(qū)旅行的旅行者設(shè)置為“可能/是”，以便在搜索結(jié)果中顯示。)”可知，把你的沙發(fā)狀態(tài)設(shè)置為“可能/是”意味著你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好接待旅客了。故選D。BIwasrecentlyinvitedtoheadupnorthforapreviewofDundregganRewildingCenter,whichwillfullyopentothepublicsoon.Thosewhomakeitalongfortheopeningweekendwillbeabletoenjoyfreeevents,includingguidedwalks,toursofthetreenursery,storytellingsessions,plentyoffunforkids,andactivitiesledbynaturalistNickBakerandexpertintracksandsigns,DanPuplett.Welookedaroundthenewarchitect-designedcenter.Thebuildinghasanumberofsustainablefeatures,includingsolarpanelsandreclaimedwoodfurnitureinthecaféarea.Thisisoneoftwonewbuildings,theotherofwhichissaidtoofferaccessibleaccommodationforthosewhowishtocomeforalongerrewildingexperience.Enteringthebuilding,thefirstthingthatwesawwasasculpture—theworkoflocalartistHelenDenerley.Thesculpturedepictsatreewithmanynativeanimalswithinit,madefromreclaimedmetal.Fromhere,wesawtheotherareas—classrooms,eventspaces,thecaféandlivelyinformationpanelsthroughout,givinginformationaboutrewilding,theinterconnectednessofforestecosystems,localwildlife,andmore.Asourguidesorightlypointedout,thebuildingisjustthejumping-offpoint—theplacefromwhichpeoplecanbranchouttodiscoversomuchmoreonaseriesofaccessibletrailsandmoreadventuroushikesinthesurroundinglandscape.Onekeyfocusforthisprojectisdefinitelycommunity,aswellasrewilding.ItcelebrateslocalGaelicheritageandhistoryaswellaswildlife,woodlands,andnaturalwonders.Speakingbrieflywithtwofriendlyandwelcomingemployeesworkinginthecaféwhowereamongthe20localswhohavenewjobsthankstotheproject,theirenthusiasmforthenewcenterandexcitementtobeinvolvedingettingitoffthegroundshonethrough.4.WhatdidtheauthordoatDundreggan?A.Shetouredanewbuilding. B.Sheheldstorytellingsessions.C.Shejoinedanaturalist-ledactivity. D.Sheattendedanopeningcelebration.5.Whatfeaturedoestherewildingcenterhighlight?A.Wildnessandadventure. B.Efficiencyandattractiveness.C.Accessibilityandsimplicity. D.Sustainabilityandinstructiveness.6.Whatconclusioncanwedrawabouttheguide?A.Hebelievedtheprojectcouldinspiremoreactions.B.Hewasenthusiasticaboutprotectingnativeanimals.C.Headvocatedmoreinformeddecisionsaboutrewilding.D.Heshowedconcernoverdevelopingthesurroundinglandscapes.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprospectoftheproject. B.Thesignificanceoftheproject.C.Therecentachievementsoftheproject. D.Theoperationalprincipleoftheproject.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Dundreggan復(fù)野中心即將開放，其可持續(xù)特色、社區(qū)重點(diǎn)及項(xiàng)目意義?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Welookedaroundthenewarchitect-designedcenter.(我們參觀了由建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的新中心)”可知，作者在Dundreggan參觀了一座新建筑。故選A。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thebuildinghasanumberofsustainablefeatures,includingsolarpanelsandreclaimedwoodfurnitureinthecaféarea.(該建筑具有許多可持續(xù)發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，包括太陽(yáng)能電池板和咖啡廳區(qū)的再生木家具)”以及第三段“Fromhere,wesawtheotherareas—classrooms,eventspaces,thecaféandlivelyinformationpanelsthroughout,givinginformationaboutrewilding,theinterconnectednessofforestecosystems,localwildlife,andmore.(從這里，我們看到了其他區(qū)域——教室、活動(dòng)空間、咖啡館和充滿活力的信息面板，提供了有關(guān)重新造林、森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)相互聯(lián)系、當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦?dòng)物等方面的信息)”可知，復(fù)野中心既注重可持續(xù)性，也注重教育性。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Asourguidesorightlypointedout,thebuildingisjustthejumping-offpoint—theplacefromwhichpeoplecanbranchouttodiscoversomuchmoreonaseriesofaccessibletrailsandmoreadventuroushikesinthesurroundinglandscape.(正如我們的導(dǎo)游所指出的那樣，這座建筑只是一個(gè)起點(diǎn)——人們可以從這里出發(fā)，在一系列無障礙小徑和周圍景觀中更冒險(xiǎn)的徒步旅行中發(fā)現(xiàn)更多)”可推斷出，導(dǎo)游認(rèn)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是一個(gè)起點(diǎn)，能夠激發(fā)人們更多的行動(dòng)。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onekeyfocusforthisprojectisdefinitelycommunity,aswellasrewilding.ItcelebrateslocalGaelicheritageandhistoryaswellaswildlife,woodlands,andnaturalwonders.Speakingbrieflywithtwofriendlyandwelcomingemployeesworkinginthecaféwhowereamongthe20localswhohavenewjobsthankstotheproject,theirenthusiasmforthenewcenterandexcitementtobeinvolvedingettingitoffthegroundshonethrough.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵重點(diǎn)肯定是社區(qū)，以及重新造林。它慶祝當(dāng)?shù)氐纳w爾文化遺產(chǎn)和歷史，以及野生動(dòng)物、林地和自然奇觀。與在咖啡館工作的兩名友好熱情的員工簡(jiǎn)短交談，他們是20名因該項(xiàng)目而獲得新工作的當(dāng)?shù)厝酥?，他們?duì)新中心的熱情和參與項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)的興奮之情溢于言表)”可知，最后一段主要講述了項(xiàng)目的重要意義。故選B。CIftheotherpaintingsintheroomthathousesMonaLisaattheLouvreMuseuminPariscouldtalk,theymightbewhispering“Goodriddance(解脫)!”tooneanotherrightnow.That’sowingtotheFrenchgovernment’sannouncementthattheworld’smostfamouspaintingistoberemovedfromtheSalledesEtatsandrehousedinitsownspaceintheLouvrewithadedicatedentrance.Thisparticularspace,accessibleindependentlyfromtherestofthemuseum,willallowMonaLisa’sconditionsofexhibition,presentationandinterpretationitdeserves.ThemovethataimstorelievetheLouvre’sovercrowdingproblemisn’tjustgreatforMonaLisa.ItcouldalsoallowthedozensofotherartworksintheSalledesEtatsbythelikesofTitian,TintorettoandVeronesetofinallyreceivetheirdue.“Peoplehavejustbeencomingtochecktheir‘IpaidavisittoMonaLisa’sbox’”,saidSouleymane,aprofessorofFrenchandphilosophyatColumbiaUniversitywhowasappointedbythemuseumin2024togiveaseriesoflecturesaboutitsartcollection.“Andevenifyougotothatroomwiththeintentionoflookingattheotherpaintings,youwouldbedistracted(分散注意力)byMonaLisa.”TheothermajorpaintingsinthespaceincludeTitian’sPastoralConcert,Tintoretto’sTheCoronationoftheVirgin,andVeronese’sTheWeddingFeastatCana,whichisahugepaintingthatpeopledon’tlookatbecauseit’sonthewallthatfacesMonaLisa.“TheWeddingFeastatCanaisoneofthetreasuresoftheLouvre,”saidCompagnon,aprofessorattheCollegedeFranceandatColumbiaUniversity.Compagnonisalsoexcitedforvisitorstobeabletopayattentiontohisfavoritepaintingintheroom,Titian’sManwithaGlove.8.WhyisMonaLisabeingmovedtoanewspaceintheLouvre?A.Tomakeroomforanexhibition.B.Tomakeitconvenientforexpertstostudyit.C.Toimproveitsexhibitionconditionsandreduceovercrowding.D.Tohighlightitsimportanceastheworld'smostfamousartwork.9.WhatisSouleymane’sattitudetowardsthegovernment’sannouncement?A.Doubtful. B.Approving. C.Cooperative. D.Dismissive.10.WhichofthefollowingpaintingsisexhibitedoppositetoMonaLisa?A.PastoralConcert. B.TheCoronationoftheVirgin.C.TheWeddingFeastatCana. D.ManwithaGlove.11.WhatdoesCompagnonimplyaboutMonaLisa?A.Itdeservesbetterprotection.B.Itfailstoliveuptoitsfame.C.Itshouldbepromotedthroughlectures.D.Ittakesvisitors’attentionawayfromotherexhibits.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了法國(guó)政府宣布將世界著名畫作《蒙娜麗莎》從盧浮宮的大畫廊移至單獨(dú)空間展示，此舉旨在改善其展覽條件，緩解盧浮宮的過度擁擠問題，同時(shí)也能讓大畫廊中的其他藝術(shù)品得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisparticularspace,accessibleindependentlyfromtherestofthemuseum,willallowMonaLisa’sconditionsofexhibition,presentationandinterpretationitdeserves.ThemovethataimstorelievetheLouvre’sovercrowdingproblemisn’tjustgreatforMonaLisa.(這個(gè)特殊的空間，可以獨(dú)立于博物館的其他部分進(jìn)入，將給予《蒙娜麗莎》應(yīng)有的展覽、展示和解讀條件。這一旨在緩解盧浮宮過度擁擠問題的舉措不僅對(duì)《蒙娜麗莎》有好處。)”可知，將《蒙娜麗莎》移至新空間一是為了改善它的展覽條件，二是為了緩解盧浮宮的擁擠問題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Peoplehavejustbeencomingtochecktheir‘IpaidavisittoMonaLisa’sbox’”,saidSouleymane,aprofessorofFrenchandphilosophyatColumbiaUniversitywhowasappointedbythemuseumin2024togiveaseriesoflecturesaboutitsartcollection.“Andevenifyougotothatroomwiththeintentionoflookingattheotherpaintings,youwouldbedistracted(分散注意力)byMonaLisa.”(哥倫比亞大學(xué)法國(guó)文學(xué)與哲學(xué)教授蘇萊曼在2024年被該博物館任命進(jìn)行一系列關(guān)于其藝術(shù)收藏的講座，他說：“人們只是來打卡‘我參觀了《蒙娜麗莎》的展柜’。而且即使你去那個(gè)房間是想看其他畫作，你也會(huì)被《蒙娜麗莎》分散注意力?！?”可知，蘇萊曼認(rèn)為《蒙娜麗莎》的存在影響了其他畫作被關(guān)注，所以他對(duì)政府將《蒙娜麗莎》移走的決定是贊成的，因?yàn)檫@樣其他畫作能得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheothermajorpaintingsinthespaceincludeTitian’sPastoralConcert,Tintoretto’sTheCoronationoftheVirgin,andVeronese’sTheWeddingFeastatCana,whichisahugepaintingthatpeopledon’tlookatbecauseit’sonthewallthatfacesMonaLisa.(這個(gè)空間里的其他主要畫作包括提香的《田園音樂會(huì)》、丁托列托的《圣母加冕》和委羅內(nèi)塞的《加納的婚禮》，這是一幅巨大的畫作，人們不看它是因?yàn)樗谡龑?duì)著《蒙娜麗莎》的墻上。)”可知，在《蒙娜麗莎》對(duì)面展出的畫作是《加納的婚禮》。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““TheWeddingFeastatCanaisoneofthetreasuresoftheLouvre,”saidCompagnon,aprofessorattheCollegedeFranceandatColumbiaUniversity.Compagnonisalsoexcitedforvisitorstobeabletopayattentiontohisfavoritepaintingintheroom,Titian’sManwithaGlove.(“《加納的婚禮》是盧浮宮的珍寶之一，”法國(guó)高等師范學(xué)院和哥倫比亞大學(xué)的教授孔帕尼翁說道?？着聊嵛桃埠芷诖齾⒂^者能夠關(guān)注到房間里他最喜歡的畫作——提香的《戴手套的男人》。)”可知，康帕尼翁和蘇萊曼的觀點(diǎn)類似，都認(rèn)為《蒙娜麗莎》吸引了太多游客的注意力，使得其他畫作得不到關(guān)注，康帕尼翁很期待游客能關(guān)注到其他畫作，這暗示了《蒙娜麗莎》分散了游客對(duì)其他展品的注意力。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhenPhilipSontagfirstvisitedAntarcticaasaPh.D.student,hecollectedabagofpenguin(企鵝)feathers.Adecadelater,Sontagandhisteamhavediscoveredhowtousethesefeatherstomapmercury(汞)pollutionintheSouthernHemisphere,agrowingthreattowildlife.Mercury,apoisonousby-productofgoldmining,becomesmoreandmoreinthefoodchainandaffectsanimals’nervoussystems.Whilesamplingrocksorsoilformercuryprovideslimitedinsight,trackingitspresenceinthefoodwebiscrucialforecosystemmonitoring.Penguinshaveawaytodisposeofmercurythroughtheirfeathers,whichtheymolt(換羽)regularly.Sontag,nowapolarresearcheratRutgersUniversity,andhisteamanalyzedthesemoltedfeatherstodeterminewherepenguinswereexposedtomercury.Theyfoundaclearrelationshipbetweenmercurylevelsandcarbon-13,whichvariesgeographicallyandactsasamarkerforwherepenguinsfeedorbreed(繁殖).ThestudyconfirmedthispatternacrosssevenpenguinspeciesintheSouthernOcean,revealinghighermercuryexposureinnorthern,warmerregionswithhighercarbon-13levels.Thefindingssuggestthatpenguinscouldserveasbioindicators,livingtrackersofenvironmentalpollutants.Bymeasuringmercuryinfeathers,scientistscantrackthemetal’smovementthroughtheoceanicfoodwebovertime,ratherthanjustatasinglemoment.Forexample,penguinspecieslivingneareachothershoweddifferentmercuryandcarbon-13levelsduetovaryingmigrationandfeedingpatterns.Thesedatacouldbemodeledintoamap-likedatabasetoaidconservationandpolarresearch.MarinescientistMiriamGimenoCastellsnotesthatpenguinsaremid-levelpredators(捕食性動(dòng)物),andundergodramaticmolts,makingiteasytocollectfeathersfrommanyindividuals.Themoltedfeatherscontainmercurythatgetsintotheirbodyduringthenonbreedingseason.Sontagplanstocollectnewerfeathersfromdifferentspeciesandcomparemercurylevelsinpenguins’bloodandtheirfoodwiththoseintheirfeathers.Asforthepenguins’health,seniorauthorJohnReinfeldermakesitclearthattheyhavenotyetbeenexposedtopoisonousmercurylevels.“Thepenguinswillbeokay,”hesays.12.HowdidSontagusethepenguinfeathershecollected?A.Hekeptthemasareminderofhistrip.B.Hestudiedthecontentofachemicalinthem.C.Heobservedtheirchangesindifferentenvironments.D.Heclassifiedthemtoidentifydifferentspeciesofpenguins.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“disposeof”inparagraph3mean?A.Recognize. B.Consume. C.Remove. D.Combine.14.Whatdoweknowaboutpenguinsfromthetext?A.Theyareidealbioindicators.B.Theyaresensitivetocarbon-13.C.Theyaretop-levelpredatorsinthefoodchain.D.Theyarefreefromtheeffectsofhumanactivities.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheLifeCycleofPenguinsinAntarctica.B.GoldMiningandItsEffectsonPenguins.C.TheImpactofClimateChangeonPenguinPopulations.D.PenguinsHelpMapAntarctica’sGrowingMercuryThreat.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了菲利普·桑塔格(PhilipSontag)和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何利用企鵝羽毛繪制南半球的汞污染地圖，汞污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物構(gòu)成了日益嚴(yán)重的威脅?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whilesamplingrocksorsoilformercuryprovideslimitedinsight,trackingitspresenceinthefoodwebiscrucialforecosystemmonitoring.(雖然對(duì)巖石或土壤中的汞進(jìn)行采樣只能提供有限的見解，但追蹤汞在食物網(wǎng)中的存在對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)至關(guān)重要。)”以及第三段“Sontag,nowapolarresearcheratRutgersUniversity,andhisteamanalyzedthesemoltedfeatherstodeterminewherepenguinswereexposedtomercury.(桑塔格現(xiàn)在是羅格斯大學(xué)的極地研究員，他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)分析了這些脫落的羽毛，以確定企鵝是在哪里接觸到汞的。)”可知，桑塔格研究了他收集的企鵝羽毛中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)含量。故選B?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Bymeasuringmercuryinfeathers,scientistscantrackthemetal’smovementthroughtheoceanicfoodwebovertime,ratherthanjustatasinglemoment.(通過測(cè)量羽毛中的汞含量，科學(xué)家們可以追蹤金屬在海洋食物網(wǎng)中的長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)，而不僅僅是在一個(gè)單一的時(shí)刻)”和第五段末“Themoltedfeatherscontainmercurythatgetsintotheirbodyduringthenonbreedingseason.(脫落的羽毛中含有汞，在非繁殖季節(jié)會(huì)進(jìn)入它們的身體)”及劃線處后面“…whichtheymolt(換羽)regularly.(它們會(huì)定期換羽)”可知，企鵝羽毛中含汞，而企鵝換羽的習(xí)性，可以消除身體內(nèi)的汞。由此可知，disposeof指的是企鵝通過換羽去除體內(nèi)積累的汞，與remove(移除，消除，擺脫)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thefindingssuggestthatpenguinscouldserveasbioindicators,livingtrackersofenvironmentalpollutants.(研究結(jié)果表明，企鵝可以作為生物指示器，是環(huán)境污染物的生活追蹤者。)”可知，企鵝是理想的生物指示器。故選A。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“WhenPhilipSontagfirstvisitedAntarcticaasaPh.D.student,hecollectedabagofpenguin(企鵝)feathers.Adecadelater,Sontagandhisteamhavediscoveredhowtousethesefeatherstomapmercury(汞)pollutionintheSouthernHemisphere,agrowingthreattowildlife.(當(dāng)菲利普·桑塔格(PhilipSontag)還是博士生時(shí)，他第一次訪問南極洲，收集了一袋企鵝羽毛。十年后，桑塔格和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何利用這些羽毛繪制南半球的汞污染地圖，汞污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物構(gòu)成了日益嚴(yán)重的威脅。)”可知，文章主要介紹了菲利普·桑塔格(PhilipSontag)和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何利用企鵝羽毛繪制南半球的汞污染地圖，汞污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物構(gòu)成了日益嚴(yán)重的威脅，由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“PenguinsHelpMapAntarctica’sGrowingMercuryThreat(企鵝幫助繪制南極洲日益嚴(yán)重的汞威脅圖)”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Newyearsareoftenseenasnewbeginnings.____16____Theywereafraidthatthestartofthenewmillennium(千年)wouldbringdisaster.BeforeJanuary1,2000,newspapersandTVshowsoftentalkedaboutsomethingthatbecameknownasthe“Y2Kbug”orthe“millenniumbug”.PeopleworriedtherewouldbebigproblemswhenclocksoncomputerswentfromDecember31,1999totheyear2000.Thiswasbecausemanycomputersusedjusttwodigitstorecordtheyear.____17____Buthowwouldcomputerscopewith“00”—wouldtheythinkitwas2000orwouldtheytakeitas1900andstopworking?Somepeoplethoughtthiscouldmeanthatlightswouldgooutacrosstheworldascomputersfailed.____18____Governmentsspenthundredsofbillionsofdollarsplanningforpossibleproblemsandreplacingoldsystemswithnewonesthatusedfour-digitdates.TheUSalonespent$100billion.Butsomecountriesdidalmostnothing.AndwhenmidnightcameonDecember31,planesdidn'tfalloutoftheskyandthelightsdidn'tgoout.Mostoftheproblemswerequitesmall.____19____InIshikawa,Japan,someequipmentfailedatanuclearfacility—althoughbackupsystemsmadesuretherewasnodanger.Andagroupofover150pregnantwomenintheUKweregivenwronginformationabouttheirbabies'healthbecausetheirhospitals'computersystemsgottheirbirthdateswrong.Butsomepeoplesaidtheworries—andallthatmoney—hadbeenfornothing.____20____Theysaidthosemonthsofplanninghelpedavoidbigproblems.Andtheyexpressedconcernthatourrelianceontechnologywouldmakeusvulnerable(易受傷害的)tosimilarproblemsinthefuture.A.Butsomewerebigger.B.Manyexpertsdidn’tagree.C.So,1988wasjust“88”and1999was“99”.D.But25yearsago,manypeoplebecameworried.E.Andtheydidn'tcausemuchlosstoimportantfacilities.F.Insiderssuggestedpeoplestaycalmandunloadunnecessaryprograms.G.Perhapssoftwareatbanks,airportsandhospitalswouldstopworkingtoo.【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.A20.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了在2000年新千年到來之際，人們對(duì)“Y2K漏洞”或“千年蟲”的擔(dān)憂以及相關(guān)應(yīng)對(duì)措施和最終結(jié)果?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Newyearsareoftenseenasnewbeginnings.(新年常常被視為新的開始。)”以及下文“Theywereafraidthatthestartofthenewmillennium(千年)wouldbringdisaster.BeforeJanuary1,2000,newspapersandTVshowsoftentalkedaboutsomethingthatbecameknownasthe

“Y2Kbug”orthe“millenniumbug”.(他們擔(dān)心新千年的開始會(huì)帶來災(zāi)難。在2000年1月1日之前，報(bào)紙和電視節(jié)目經(jīng)常談?wù)撘环N被稱為“Y2K漏洞”或“千年蟲”的東西。)”可知，此處需要一個(gè)句子來引出人們對(duì)2000年新千年到來的擔(dān)憂，與上文的普遍認(rèn)知形成對(duì)比。D項(xiàng)“But25yearsago,manypeoplebecameworried.(但25年前，許多人開始擔(dān)心。)”，25年前即指2000年之前，引出了下文人們的擔(dān)憂，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thiswasbecausemanycomputersusedjusttwodigitstorecordtheyear.(這是因?yàn)樵S多計(jì)算機(jī)只用兩位數(shù)字來記錄年份。)”可知，此處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說明這種記錄年份方式的具體情況。C項(xiàng)“So,1988wasjust“88”and1999was“99”.(所以，1988年就記為“88”，1999年就記為“99”。)”，具體舉例說明了用兩位數(shù)字記錄年份的方式，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Somepeoplethoughtthiscouldmeanthatlightswouldgooutacrosstheworldascomputersfailed.(一些人認(rèn)為這可能意味著隨著計(jì)算機(jī)故障，全世界的燈光都會(huì)熄滅。)”可知，此處應(yīng)繼續(xù)列舉人們認(rèn)為可能因計(jì)算機(jī)故障而出現(xiàn)的問題。G項(xiàng)“Perhapssoftwareatbanks,airportsandhospitalswouldstopworkingtoo.(也許銀行、機(jī)場(chǎng)和醫(yī)院的軟件也會(huì)停止工作。)”與上文一樣，都是人們對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)故障可能導(dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重后果的猜測(cè)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Mostoftheproblemswerequitesmall.(大多數(shù)問題都相當(dāng)小。)”以及下文“InIshikawa,Japan,someequipmentfailedatanuclearfacility—althoughbackupsystemsmadesuretherewasnodanger.Andagroupofover150pregnantwomenintheUKweregivenwronginformationabouttheirbabies'healthbecausetheirhospitals'computersystemsgottheirbirthdateswrong.(在日本石川，一個(gè)核設(shè)施的一些設(shè)備出現(xiàn)了故障——盡管備用系統(tǒng)確保沒有危險(xiǎn)。英國(guó)一群150多名孕婦因?yàn)獒t(yī)院的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)弄錯(cuò)了她們的出生日期，而得到了關(guān)于她們嬰兒健康的錯(cuò)誤信息。)”可知，此處需要一個(gè)句子來引出下文一些較為嚴(yán)重的問題，與上文的“小問題”形成對(duì)比。A項(xiàng)“Butsomewerebigger.(但有些問題更嚴(yán)重。)”，起到了承上啟下的作用，符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Butsomepeoplesaidtheworries—andallthatmoney—hadbeenfornothing.(但有些人說，這些擔(dān)憂——以及所有那些錢——都白費(fèi)了。)”以及下文“Theysaidthosemonthsofplanninghelpedavoidbigproblems.Andtheyexpressedconcernthatourrelianceontechnologywouldmakeusvulnerable(易受傷害的)tosimilarproblemsinthefuture.(他們說，那幾個(gè)月的規(guī)劃幫助避免了大問題。他們還表示擔(dān)心，我們對(duì)技術(shù)的依賴會(huì)使我們?cè)谖磥砣菀资艿筋愃茊栴}的影響。)”可知，此處需要一個(gè)句子來引出與上文不同的觀點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)“Manyexpertsdidn'tagree.(許多專家不同意。)”，引出了下文專家們認(rèn)為規(guī)劃起到了作用的觀點(diǎn)，與上文一些人的看法形成對(duì)比。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。MyfamilyrecentlymovedfromAmericatoItaly.Wewereenjoyingthis____21____toexplorethegreatoutdoorsonanewcontinent.First,myhusbandandIwenthikinginanationalpark.Wecoulddrivethroughtheparkbutcouldfindnowayto____22____thecarandwalkintoit.Forus,thisfeltvery____23____.Next,myolderdaughterandIorganizedabackpackingtriptoParcoNozionaled'Abruzzo,justafewhoursoutsideofRome.Wewere____24____tolearnthereisnocampinginthepark.Theonlywayto____25____intheparkisatamountainhut(小屋).Mostvisitorstotheparkhireguides.Guideshelpthemexplorethetrails,describetheecologyofthearea,and____26____wildlifeviewing.Wedidnothireaguide,whichwasrespectedbytheguides,buttotally____27____tomanyofthelocals.Iviewedhikingwithaguideasan____28____ofpoorwildernessskills.But,throughconversationswithotherhikersandguests,Icameto____29____thewaymanyItalians______30______visitingthepark.Theycametolearnandseebeautybutnotnecessarilytobe______31______andtofeelthethrill(刺激)ofindependently______32______innature.Thisexperiencegavemetheopportunitytolearnaboutother______33______ofoutdoorexploration.Iwouldneverwantto______34______campingandhiking“myway”,butIamwillingtotryanewway,evenwitha______35______.21.A.activity B.opportunity C.ability D.necessity22.A.park B.clean C.repair D.sell23.A.remarkable B.amazing C.economical D.strange24.A.excited B.scared C.surprised D.stressed25.A.relax B.wander C.play D.sleep26.A.sponsor B.promote C.facilitate D.monitor27.A.incomprehensible B.unforgivable C.impossible D.irresistible28.A.explanation B.admission C.observation D.intervention29.A.illustrate B.understand C.advocate D.spread30.A.missed B.avoided C.risked D.approached31.A.alone B.happy C.creative D.curious32.A.arriving B.training C.hunting D.surviving33.A.tools B.philosophies C.reports D.regulations34.A.countfor B.carefor C.giveup D.bringup35.A.family B.hiker C.guide D.host【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一家從美國(guó)搬到意大利后，在戶外探險(xiǎn)過程中的經(jīng)歷和感悟。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很享受這個(gè)探索新大陸戶外的機(jī)會(huì)。A.activity活動(dòng)；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.ability能力；D.necessity必要性。根據(jù)下文“toexplorethegreatoutdoorsonanewcontinent.”可知，作者一家搬到意大利，這是一個(gè)探索新環(huán)境戶外的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以開車穿過公園，但找不到停車的地方，所以我們走進(jìn)去的。A.park停車；B.clean清潔；C.repair修理；D.sell出售。根據(jù)上文“Wecoulddrivethroughthepark”可知，這里表達(dá)的是停車的意思，parkthecar是固定搭配“停車”。故選A。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我們來說，這感覺非常奇怪。A.remarkable顯著的；B.amazing令人驚奇的；C.economical經(jīng)濟(jì)的；D.strange奇怪的。前文提到在美國(guó)可能習(xí)慣了可以隨意停車進(jìn)入公園等情況，在意大利卻不行，所以作者覺得這種情況很奇怪。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們驚訝地得知在公園里不能露營(yíng)。A.excited興奮的；B.scared害怕的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.stressed有壓力的。根據(jù)下文“thereisnocampinginthepark”可知，作者和大女兒準(zhǔn)備去背包旅行，卻得知不能露營(yíng)，這讓她們感到驚訝。故選C。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在公園里唯一能睡覺的地方是在山間小屋。A.relax放松；B.wander漫步；C.play玩耍；D.sleep睡覺。根據(jù)下文“atamountainhut(小屋).”以及前文提到不能露營(yíng)，可知這里說的是在公園里能休息睡覺的地方。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：導(dǎo)游幫助他們探索小徑，描述該地區(qū)的生態(tài)，并促進(jìn)野生動(dòng)物觀賞。A.sponsor贊助；B.promote促進(jìn)（強(qiáng)調(diào)推動(dòng)、提升）；C.facilitate使便利，促進(jìn)（更側(cè)重于使某事更容易發(fā)生）；D.monitor監(jiān)視。根據(jù)上文“Guideshelpthemexplorethetrails,describetheecologyofthearea,”可知，導(dǎo)游的作用是幫助游客更方便地觀賞野生動(dòng)物，facilitate更符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有雇導(dǎo)游，這得到了導(dǎo)游的尊重，但讓很多當(dāng)?shù)厝送耆珶o法理解。A.incomprehensible無法理解的；B.unforgivable不可原諒的；C.impossible不可能的；D.irresistible不可抗拒的。根據(jù)上文“Mostvisitorstotheparkhireguides.”可知，在當(dāng)?shù)睾芏嗳藭?huì)雇導(dǎo)游，作者一家不雇導(dǎo)游的行為讓當(dāng)?shù)厝穗y以理解。故選A。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為雇導(dǎo)游徒步旅行是承認(rèn)自己野外技能不足。A.explanation解釋；B.admission承認(rèn)；C.observation觀察；D.intervention干預(yù)。根據(jù)下文“ofpoorwildernessskills.”可知，作者覺得雇導(dǎo)游就意味著承認(rèn)自己野外技能不足。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，通過與其他徒步旅行者和游客的交談，我開始理解許多意大利人游覽公園的方式。A.illustrate說明；B.understand理解；C.advocate提倡；D.spread傳播。根據(jù)上文“But,throughconversationswithotherhikersandguests,”可知，作者通過交流對(duì)意大利人的游覽方式有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)，即開始理解他們的方式。故選B。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，通過與其他徒步旅行者和游客的交談，我開始理解許多意大利人游覽公園的方式。A.missed錯(cuò)過；B.avoided避免；C.risked冒險(xiǎn)；D.approached對(duì)待，處理。根據(jù)上文很多人雇傭?qū)в我约跋挛摹皏isitingthepark.”可知，這里說的是意大利人對(duì)待游覽公園的方式。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們來是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，但不一定是為了獨(dú)自一人并感受在大自然中獨(dú)立生存的刺激。A.alone獨(dú)自的；B.happy快樂的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)上文“Theycametolearnandseebeauty”以及前文提到意大利人會(huì)雇導(dǎo)游，可知他們不一定是為了獨(dú)自在大自然中。故選A。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們來是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，但不一定是為了獨(dú)自一人并感受在大自然中獨(dú)立生存的刺激。A.arriving到達(dá)；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.hunting打獵；D.surviving生存。根據(jù)下文“innature.”可知，這里表達(dá)的是在大自然中獨(dú)立生存的刺激。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷讓我有機(jī)會(huì)了解其他戶外探險(xiǎn)的理念。A.tools工具；B.philosophies理念，哲學(xué)；C.reports報(bào)告；D.regulations規(guī)定。根據(jù)前文作者對(duì)意大利人游覽公園方式的理解，可知這里說的是了解其他戶外探險(xiǎn)的理念。故選B。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不想放棄以“我的方式”露營(yíng)和徒步旅行，但我愿意嘗試一種新的方式，即使有導(dǎo)游。A.countfor有價(jià)值；B.carefor照顧；C.giveup放棄；D.bringup撫養(yǎng)。根據(jù)下文“campingandhiking“myway”.”可知，作者不想放棄自己原來的方式，同時(shí)愿意嘗試新方式。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不想放棄以“我的方式”露營(yíng)和徒步旅行，但我愿意嘗試一種新的方式，即使有導(dǎo)游。A.family家庭；B.hiker徒步者；C.guide導(dǎo)游；D.host主人。根據(jù)上文“hireguides”可知，前衛(wèi)提到意大利人游覽公園很多會(huì)請(qǐng)導(dǎo)游，可知作者愿意嘗試的新方式包括有導(dǎo)游的情況。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SugarpaintingisatraditionalChinesefolkartwithalonghistorydatingbackhundredsofyears.Itwaspartofpopularstreetcultureback____36____theolddays.Althoughmuchlesscommonnowadays,you’llstillfinditattemplefairs,insomeparksandatsomeshops.Thepaintings____37____(make)fromboilingsugar,andthefirstkeyistocontrolthetemperatureproperly.Ifthetemperatureistoohigh,thesyrup(糖漿)willbetoo____38____(water)toshape;ifthetemperatureistoolow,thesyrupwillbecomehardanddifficulttostretch.Thehotsugarsyrupisdrizzled(灑落)ontoaboardinthe____39____(desire)patternandthenitbecomessolidas