托福閱讀解題技巧

TOEFLiBT閱讀技巧—關(guān)鍵詞法解題關(guān)鍵詞在閱讀理解中的重要作用：keywords—結(jié)構(gòu)（structure）—推斷（inference）keywords—結(jié)構(gòu)（structure）針對題型：大意概括題解題步驟：1.找結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵詞（but,and,as,while,so,to……）;2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu);(并列，遞進(jìn)，從屬，因果……)3.結(jié)合文本大意選出正確選項(xiàng)。例1TPO34IslamicArtandtheBookPapermakingspreadquicklytoEgypt–andeventuallytoSicilyandSpain–butitwasseveralcenturiesbeforepapersupplantedparchmentforcopiesoftheKoran,probablybecauseoftheconservativenatureofreligiousartanditspractitioners.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.A)Itwasseveralcenturiesbeforepapermakingtechniquesspreadtofarawayareaswhereparchmentwaspopularandusedwidelyinart.B)AlthoughpapermakingcametoEgyptquickly,ittookmuchlongerforpapertobeusedwhencopyingtheKoran,probablybecauseoftheconservativenatureofreligiousart.C)PapermakingspreadbeyondEgypt,Sicily,andSpain,butitwasnotwidelyusedbyartistsforcenturies,probablybecauseoftheconservativenatureofartinthosecountries.D)PaperreplacedparchmentincopiesoftheKoran,probablyattherequestofconservativepractitionersinareaslikeEgypt,Sicily,andSpain.[解析]關(guān)鍵詞：but,becauseof.But連接的是兩個(gè)句子的轉(zhuǎn)折，而becauseof是對這種轉(zhuǎn)折的原因的解釋。所以這個(gè)句子可以看成一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折加上了一個(gè)因果解釋。即：快速傳播，但是花了很久才取代，這樣的原因是。。?；氐筋}干，答案的結(jié)構(gòu)中應(yīng)該包含轉(zhuǎn)折和因果，馬上排除A,D,C項(xiàng)信息超出了原文內(nèi)容（注意beyond），排除，所以選B.例2TPO33TheFirstCivilizationsWhilesomeoftheseurbanidentifiedaparticulareconomicfunction,suchasgoldordepositsoraonamajorservedprimarilyasorthesitetemplesfortheofficialcultorritualobservances.WhichofthebelowtheintheinthechoicesthemeaninginimportantoroutSomecitieswitheconomicactivities,whilewereorreligiousEmergingandreligiouspurposes.Theofanoractivitytotheofacityitssupervision.Somecitiesaseconomicandbecametheoforreligious[解析]關(guān)鍵詞:while,others對比關(guān)系，一些怎么樣，而另一些怎么樣，立即可以找出A選項(xiàng)，檢查一下句子意思，符合原文，答案就是A.例3TPO33ExtinctionEpisodesofthePastnogrouporcanitsdominanceandwhen,afterover200milliontheageofcametoaendabout65millionmammalsbeganflourish,evolvingtypessmallanimalsintotheofspe