哲學英文面試題及答案

哲學英文面試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Whichphilosopherisknownforhiswork"MeditationsonFirstPhilosophy"?

A.ImmanuelKant

B.RenéDescartes

C.JohnLocke

D.DavidHume

答案：B

2.Theconceptof"cogito,ergosum"isattributedtowhichphilosopher?

A.Plato

B.Aristotle

C.RenéDescartes

D.FriedrichNietzsche

答案：C

3.Whoistheauthorof"TheRepublic"?

A.Socrates

B.Plato

C.Aristotle

D.Epicurus

答案：B

4.Theterm"utilitarianism"ismostcloselyassociatedwithwhichphilosopher?

A.JohnStuartMill

B.ImmanuelKant

C.JohnLocke

D.RenéDescartes

答案：A

5.Whichphilosopherisknownforhiswork"NicomacheanEthics"?

A.Socrates

B.Plato

C.Aristotle

D.Epictetus

答案：C

6.Thephrase"theunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving"isattributedtowhichphilosopher?

A.Socrates

B.Plato

C.Aristotle

D.Epicurus

答案：A

7.Whoistheauthorof"CritiqueofPureReason"?

A.ImmanuelKant

B.GeorgWilhelmFriedrichHegel

C.FriedrichNietzsche

D.RenéDescartes

答案：A

8.Theconceptof"thewilltopower"isassociatedwithwhichphilosopher?

A.FriedrichNietzsche

B.Jean-JacquesRousseau

C.JohnStuartMill

D.RenéDescartes

答案：A

9.Whoistheauthorof"TheSecondSex"?

A.SimonedeBeauvoir

B.VirginiaWoolf

C.MaryWollstonecraft

D.HannahArendt

答案：A

10.Theterm"existentialism"ismostcloselyassociatedwithwhichphilosopher?

A.Jean-PaulSartre

B.AlbertCamus

C.ImmanuelKant

D.JohnLocke

答案：A

二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.WhichofthefollowingareworksbyImmanuelKant?

A."CritiqueofPureReason"

B."TheRepublic"

C."ProlegomenatoAnyFutureMetaphysics"

D."NicomacheanEthics"

答案：A,C

2.Whichphilosophersareassociatedwithexistentialism?

A.Jean-PaulSartre

B.AlbertCamus

C.FriedrichNietzsche

D.JohnStuartMill

答案：A,B

3.WhichofthefollowingareworksbyFriedrichNietzsche?

A."ThusSpokeZarathustra"

B."BeyondGoodandEvil"

C."TheRepublic"

D."TheGayScience"

答案：A,B,D

4.Whichphilosophersareassociatedwiththeterm"phenomenology"?

A.EdmundHusserl

B.MartinHeidegger

C.Jean-PaulSartre

D.RenéDescartes

答案：A,B,C

5.WhichofthefollowingareworksbyJohnStuartMill?

A."OnLiberty"

B."Utilitarianism"

C."TheRepublic"

D."AnEssayConcerningHumanUnderstanding"

答案：A,B

6.Whichphilosophersareassociatedwiththeterm"deconstruction"?

A.JacquesDerrida

B.MichelFoucault

C.RenéDescartes

D.FriedrichNietzsche

答案：A,B

7.WhichofthefollowingareworksbySimonedeBeauvoir?

A."TheSecondSex"

B."TheEthicsofAmbiguity"

C."TheRepublic"

D."TheGayScience"

答案：A,B

8.Whichphilosophersareassociatedwiththeterm"analyticphilosophy"?

A.BertrandRussell

B.LudwigWittgenstein

C.Jean-PaulSartre

D.G.E.Moore

答案：A,B,D

9.WhichofthefollowingareworksbyPlato?

A."TheRepublic"

B."TheSymposium"

C."CritiqueofPureReason"

D."NicomacheanEthics"

答案：A,B

10.Whichphilosophersareassociatedwiththeterm"structuralism"?

A.ClaudeLévi-Strauss

B.MichelFoucault

C.Jean-PaulSartre

D.FerdinanddeSaussure

答案：A,D

三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）

1.RenéDescartesisknownforhismethodofdoubt.(T/F)

答案：T

2.FriedrichNietzsche'sphilosophyisoftenassociatedwithnihilism.(T/F)

答案：T

3.Jean-PaulSartreisconsideredaleadingfigureinexistentialism.(T/F)

答案：T

4.Theconceptof"thecategoricalimperative"isassociatedwithImmanuelKant.(T/F)

答案：T

5.SimonedeBeauvoir's"TheSecondSex"isafoundationaltextinfeministphilosophy.(T/F)

答案：T

6.JohnStuartMill's"OnLiberty"arguesforthefreedomofspeechandthought.(T/F)

答案：T

7.GeorgWilhelmFriedrichHegelisknownforhisdialecticalmethod.(T/F)

答案：T

8.Theterm"phenomenology"wascoinedbyEdmundHusserl.(T/F)

答案：T

9.AlbertCamusisknownforhiswork"TheStranger".(T/F)

答案：T

10.Theconceptof"thewilltopower"iscentraltothephilosophyofFriedrichNietzsche.(T/F)

答案：T

四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Explaintheconceptof"cogito,ergosum"asintroducedbyRenéDescartes.

答案：

"Cogito,ergosum,"or"Ithink,thereforeIam,"isaphilosophicalstatementintroducedbyRenéDescartes.ItisafoundationalelementofWesternphilosophyandservesasastartingpointforhissystemofthought.Descartesusedthisstatementtoestablishafirmfoundationforknowledgebydoubtingeverythingthatcanbedoubteduntilhearrivedattheindubitabletruththatheexistsasathinkingthing.

2.Whatisthesignificanceof"TheRepublic"byPlato?

答案：

"TheRepublic"byPlatoissignificantasitoutlineshisvisionofanidealsocietyandtheroleofthephilosopher-king.Itisalsowhereheintroducestheallegoryofthecave,whichillustratesthejourneyfromignorancetoenlightenment,andthetheoryofforms,whichpositsthatnon-physicalforms(orideas)possessthehighestandmostfundamentalkindofreality.

3.DescribetheethicaltheoryofutilitarianismasproposedbyJohnStuartMill.

答案：

Utilitarianism,asproposedbyJohnStuartMill,isanethicaltheorythatjudgestherightnessorwrongnessofanactionbasedontheamountofhappinessorpleasureitproduces.Theprincipleofutilitystatesthatthebestactionistheonethatmaximizesoverallhappinessorpleasureforthegreatestnumberofpeople.

4.Whatisexistentialism,andhowisitdifferentfromotherphilosophicalmovements?

答案：

Existentialismisaphilosophicalmovementthatemphasizesindividualfreedom,choice,andsubjectiveexperience.Itisdifferentfromotherphilosophicalmovementsinthatitrejectstheideaofobjectivetruthoruniversalvaluesandinsteadfocusesontheindividual'spersonalexperienceandtheauthenticityoftheirexistence.ExistentialistslikeJean-PaulSartreandAlbertCamusarguethatindividualsmustcreatetheirownmeaninginaworldthatisinherentlyabsurdandwithoutinherentmeaning.

五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）

1.DiscusstheimplicationsofRenéDescartes'methodofdoubtonmodernphilosophy.

答案：

Descartes'methodofdoubthasprofoundimplicationsformodernphilosophy.Itchallengesthecertaintyofknowledgeandemphasizestheimportanceofskepticism.Thismethodhasledtoafocusontheindividual'scognitiveprocessesandthenatureofdoubtitself,whichhasinfluencedepistemology,metaphysics,andthephilosophyofscience.

2.HowdoesthephilosophyofFriedrichNietzschechallengetraditionalmoralvalues?

答案：

FriedrichNietzsche'sphilosophychallengestraditionalmoralvaluesbyrejectingtheideaofobjectivemoralityandadvocatingforaperspectivethatvaluesindividualwillandpower.Hisconceptofthe"willtopower"andthe"deathofGod"suggestthatmoralityisahumanconstructandthatindividualsmustcreatetheirownvaluesinaworldwithoutabsolutemoraltruths.

3.WhatisthesignificanceofSimonedeBeauvoir's"TheSecondSex"inthecontextoffeministphilosophy?

答案：

"TheSecondSex"bySimonedeBeauvoirissignificantinfeministphilosophyasitprovidesaphilosophicalanalysisofwomen'soppressionandthe