2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版）

2/22022-2023高一年級第一學(xué)期期末試題英語本試卷共7頁，100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenIlookbackatthefirsthalfoftheyear,IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.Butthebiggestonewasdefinitelymyhighschoolgraduation___1___.WhenIfirstarrivedintheCzechRepublic(捷克)fouryearsago,Iwasjustanormalexchange___2___whospokeonlyEnglish.Thenattheendoftheyear-longexchangeprogram,Icameupwiththeideaof___3___myhighschoolstudiesthere.AtthattimeIwasonlysixteenanddelightedbymynewfuture.ButIdidn’trealizethe___4___ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage,whichisconsideredtobeoneofthemostpopular___5___intheworld.AsIlacked(缺少)___6___ofcertainsubjects,IreceivedtheworstmarksandpeoplearounddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.However,Ipracticedallthetime.Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluentlyandmy___7___grew.Thefinalexamdaycame.Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney,Ifelt___8___andconfident.InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone.“Onestudent,sheisfromChinawithonlythreeyearsoflearningCzech,she____10____.”Myjourneythroughhighschoolwasfinallyfinished.Thoughthejourneyofuniversityisjustabouttobegin,IthinkIamready.1.A.speech B.exam C.present D.custom2.A.teacher B.expert C.engineer D.student3.A.finishing B.canceling C.examining D.preparing4.A.value B.ability C.challenge D.benefit5.A.places B.music C.songs D.languages6.A.knowledge B.letter C.luck D.magazine7.A.money B.fear C.confidence D.worry8.A.sad B.troubled C.terrible D.encouraged9.A.passed B.failed C.avoided D.missed10.A.gotaway B.brokedown C.madeit D.calmeddown【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.D6.A7.C8.D9.A10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在捷克努力學(xué)習(xí)，最終通過考試的故事?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最大的一次考試肯定是我的高中畢業(yè)考試。A.speech演講；B.exam考試；C.present禮物；D.custom習(xí)俗。根據(jù)上文“IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough”和下文“InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.”可知，作者最大的挑戰(zhàn)是畢業(yè)考試。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，當(dāng)我第一次來到捷克共和國時，我只是一個只會說英語的普通交換生。A.teacher老師；B.expert專家；C.engineer工程師；D.student學(xué)生。根據(jù)“Icameupwiththeideaof___3___myhighschoolstudiesthere.”可知，作者是個學(xué)生。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在為期一年的交換項(xiàng)目結(jié)束時，我萌生了在那里完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的想法。A.finishing完成；B.canceling取消；C.examining檢查；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)下文“ButIdidn’trealizethe___4___ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage”可知，作者想要在那里完成高中學(xué)業(yè)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我沒有意識到用捷克語完成學(xué)業(yè)的挑戰(zhàn)，捷克語被認(rèn)為是世界上最流行的語言之一。A.value價值；B.ability能力；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.benefit益處。根據(jù)上文“IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.”可知，此處是信息詞challenge的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.places地點(diǎn)；B.music音樂；C.songs歌曲；D.languages語言。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代Czechlanguage，此處表示捷克語被認(rèn)為是世界上最流行的語言之一。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于我缺乏某些學(xué)科的知識，我得到了最差的分?jǐn)?shù)，周圍的人懷疑我是否能畢業(yè)。A.knowledge知識；B.letter信；C.luck運(yùn)氣；D.magazine雜志。根據(jù)下文“IreceivedtheworstmarksandpeoplearounddoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.”可知，作者由于缺乏某些學(xué)科知識，導(dǎo)致成績差，不知能否畢業(yè)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我可以流利地與人交流，我的信心也增加了。A.money錢；B.fear害怕；C.confidence自信；D.worry擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文“However,Ipracticedallthetime.”和下文“Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluently”可知，作者的自信心加強(qiáng)了。故選C。【8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：想到一路上幫助和支持我的每一個人，我感到鼓舞和自信。A.sad難過的；B.troubled麻煩的；C.terrible可怕的；D.encouraged感到鼓舞的。根據(jù)“Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney”可知，作者受到許多支持者、幫助者的鼓舞。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在五月，我收到通知，我已經(jīng)通過了考試。A.passed通過；B.failed失?。籆.avoided避免；D.missed錯過，思念。根據(jù)下文“Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone.”可知，作者收到考試通過的通知。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“有一個學(xué)生，她來自中國，只學(xué)了三年捷克語，她成功了?！盇.gotaway離開；B.brokedown分解，出故障；C.madeit獲得成功；D.calmeddown冷靜。根據(jù)“InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad___9___theexam.”可知，作者最終通過了考試，獲得了成功。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Myhusbandwaslooking___11___ourtwolittlenieces.Theystartedcryingwhenmyhusbandcookedlunch.Heranintotheroomand___12___(see)asmallscorpion(蝎子),somyhusbandpickeditup.Theoldergirlsaid,"Girlscan'tdealwithit."Myhusbandtoldher,"youneverhavetobeafraidofsomethingonlybecauseyou’reagin.Youareassmartandstrongasanyboy.”Heheldthescorpion'stailwithhis___13___(finger).Thegirlaskedtoholdit.Somyhusbandputitonherhandswhileheheldthetail.Shewassoproudof___14___(her)thatshetalkedaboutituntilshewenttosleep.【答案】11.after12.saw13.fingers14.herself【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講的是“我”丈夫在照看兩個小侄女時，因?yàn)橐恢恍⌒觾蓚€女孩哭叫起來，在丈夫的鼓勵下，大侄女勇敢地嘗試拿一下這只蝎子，她為自己感到驕傲，一直談?wù)摰剿X?！?1題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我丈夫正在照顧我們的兩個小侄女。根據(jù)后文，我的丈夫跑進(jìn)屋內(nèi)查看發(fā)生了什么事情，可知丈夫是在照顧兩個小侄女。lookafter照顧，是固定短語，故填after?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：他跑進(jìn)房間，看見一只小蝎子，所以我丈夫把它撿了起來。see和raninto是并列的謂語動詞，因此應(yīng)該使用一般過去時，故填saw?！?3題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他用手指握住蝎子的尾巴。根據(jù)常識判斷，丈夫用手握住蝎子的尾巴，應(yīng)該是使用不止一只手指，因此finger要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填fingers。【14題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：她為自己感到自豪，一直談?wù)摰剿X。侄女對“自己”感到很自豪，因此使用反身代詞，故填herself。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Yogamakesyoufeel___15___(relax)andyoufeelall“atone"withyourbody.SmithFarmisnowofferingpeoplethechance___16___(do)theirdailyyogawithgoats.Infact,thegoatsdon'tactuallytakepartintheyoga.Theyaremoreformoralsupport(精神支持),preventingyoufromgettingbred."Itisawonderfulexperience,”saysSmith,“Itmaysoundsillybutit'strulygettingoutsideinnaturewithbeautifulsceneryandlovelyanimalsaroundyou.Animalscan___17___(real)helphumansdealwithstress,illnessorsadness.”【答案】15.relaxed16.todo17.really【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是每天與山羊一起做瑜伽，實(shí)際上是讓你在自然環(huán)境中到處走走，欣賞周圍美麗的風(fēng)景和可愛的動物，以幫助人類應(yīng)對壓力，疾病或悲傷。【15題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：瑜伽會讓你感覺到放松。feel是聯(lián)系動詞，后面應(yīng)該接形容詞作表語，relax（放松）是動詞，它的形容詞是relaxed（放松的），故填relaxed?！?6題詳解】考查不定式。句意：這個農(nóng)場現(xiàn)在提供人們和山羊一起做瑜伽的機(jī)會。chance（機(jī)會）后面用不定式短語作后置定語，chancetodo表示“做某事的機(jī)會”，故填todo?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：動物真正地可以幫助人類處理壓力、疾病或者是悲傷的情感。此處應(yīng)該使用副詞修飾動詞help作狀語，real（真的）是形容詞，它的副詞是really，故填really。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Itiseasyandverypowerfultobekindtothosewhoarekindtoyou.Yet,toexperiencethefullpowerofyoursincerekindness,offerittopeople___18___arecarelessandrudetoyou.Sure,itisdifficulttoforgivethosewhoarehurtfulloyou.Butthewaytostopthehurtisbyrefusingtoparticipateinit.Forgivenessgivesyoutheupperhand.Betheonewhoisstrong,who___19___(stop)therudeness.Putthepowerofkindness___20___forgivenesstoworkforyouandyourworld.【答案】18.who/that19.stops20.and【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是友善的力量，發(fā)揮善意的力量為每個人服務(wù)?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：但是，要體驗(yàn)?zāi)阏嬲\的善意的全部力量，請將善意提供給對你粗心和無禮的人。people是定語從句的先行詞，此處應(yīng)該填入關(guān)系代詞代替people在從句中作主語，故填who或that?！?9題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：做一個堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，阻止粗魯?shù)娜?。根?jù)第一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，可知第二個定語從句中的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，并且who指代先行詞theone在從句中作主語，謂語動詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)，故填stops。【20題詳解】考查連詞。句意：用善良和寬恕的力量為你服務(wù)。kindness（善良）和forgiveness（原諒）是并列的兩個名詞，故填and。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AForsomeofus,theexcitementofseeingaperformanceataEuropeanoperahouseisjustnotenough.Fortunately,operahousesthroughoutEuropeopentheirbackstagedoorstothepublic.Takeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestolookbehindthescenesofsomeoftheworld'sgreatoperahouses.TeatroallaScalaOperaHouseTours—MilanDiscovertheactivitieswithintheoperahouseonabackstagetouroftheLaScalatheaterinMilan.Thetouralsoincludesanoverviewofthehistoryofthetheaterandguidesyouthroughtheauditorium(觀眾席)andthetheaterboxes.ParisOperaHouseTours—ParisWhileitispossibletowalkaroundthepublicareasofthebeautifulParisOperaHouseonyourown,guidedtoursarealsoofferedandareledbyanEnglish-speakingguide.Duringthe90-minutetour,youwilllearnaboutthetheater'shistoryanditsarchitecture.Youwillalsohaveanopportunitytovisitthegrandstaircase.RoyalOperaHouseTours—LondonItisoneofthemostcomprehensiveoftheoperahousetoursinEurope.TheguideattheRoyalOperaHousetakesyouthroughsectionsofthebackstageareatotheprops(道具)room,whereworkersbuildthesets,thecostumeshopandtheballetstudios.There'sachancethatyouwillevencatchtheballetdancersbackstageinpracticeintheirbigballetstudio.LaFeniceOperaHouseTours—VeniceTeatroLaFeniceinVeniceoffersacoupleofoptionsforvisitors.Aself-guidedtourofthebeautifulhallsandgroundswithavoiceguideisavailableattheboxoffice.Guidedtoursarealsoavailablewithanexpertthatwillexplainthehistoryoftheoperahousefromitsoriginstoitsrebuilding.21.Inwhichoperahousemightyoubeabletoseeacostumeshopbackstage?A.TheTeatroallaScalaOperaHouse B.TheParisOperaHouseC.TheRoyalOperaHouse D.TheLaFeniceOperaHouse22.Whatdotheabovefouroperahouseshaveincommon?A.Theyallofferfreeguidedtours.B.Theyallopentheirbackstageareastothepublic.C.Theyareallfreetothepublic.D.TheyarealllocatedinFrance.23.Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthistext?A.Inasportsmagazine B.InanadventurenovelC.Inahistorybook D.Onaculturewebsite【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機(jī)會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事。21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段TheguideattheRoyalOperaHousetakesyouthroughsectionsofthebackstageareatotheprops(道具)room,whereworkersbuildthesets,thecostumeshopandtheballetstudios.可知，皇家歌劇院的導(dǎo)游帶您穿越后臺區(qū)域的各個部分進(jìn)入道具室，在那里工作人員會制作布景，在后臺設(shè)置服裝店和芭蕾舞工作室。因此根據(jù)第四段的標(biāo)題可知，你可能在RoyalOperaHouse看到布置在后臺的服裝店。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Fortunately,operahousesthroughoutEuropeopentheirbackstagedoorstothepublic.可知，整個歐洲的歌劇院向公眾敞開了歌劇院后臺的大門。因此，這四個歌劇院的共同點(diǎn)是它們都向公眾開放后臺區(qū)域。故選B。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機(jī)會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事，這是與文化藝術(shù)有關(guān)的話題。因此，我們最可能在一個有關(guān)文化方面的網(wǎng)站上找到這樣的文章。故選D。BMyfamilylivesinTexas.IwasbornandbroughtupinTexasandIamagraduateoftheUniversityofTexas.However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!Irealizedthisaftercompletingmyfirst-yearinternship(實(shí)習(xí)期).IknewIwantedsomethingdifferentandmychancecameduringthe2011SuperBowl(橄欖球超級大賽)inDallas.Asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowandthousandsofpeopleweregathered.IoverheardthatStubHub,abigcompanyfromagreatcity,SanFrancisco,wasthrowingapartynextdoortomyhotel.IthoughtifIcouldgetaninternship,Icouldleaveforthesummerandatleastseewhatitwaslike.Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.Therewasjustoneproblem:Iwasn’tinvitedtotheStubHubparty.ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.Needlesstosay,Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindlyintroducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.Thelegaldepartmentdidn’thaveapermanentpositionforme.However,Igotmanyotherchancestobealegalinterninothercompanies.Thatexperiencehasshapedmylife.WorkingforagreatcompanyinSanFrancisco,I’mincrediblyhappyformakingmydecisiontoleaveTexas.ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortzone.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.24.TheauthorwasabletoleaveTexasbecause__________.A.shedroppedoutoftheUniversityofTexasB.shewatchedthe2011SuperBowlinDallasC.asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowD.sheintroducedherselftothepresidentofStubHub25.Inthefourthparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword“permanent”mean?A.suitable B.importantC.long-lasting D.high-respected26.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patientandhonest. B.Smartandhumorous.C.Determinedandpositive. D.Supportiveandenergetic.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughherexperience?A.Youmustchooseacareerthatyoulike.B.Jumpingoutofyourcomfortzoneisrewarding.C.Acceptingwhoyouaremakesyourealizeyourstrengths.D.Youshouldlistentoyourfamilytolearnaboutyourpotential.【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者想要離開出生和長大的地方——德克薩斯州，想做出一個巨大的改變，文章講述了作者是如何得到離開的機(jī)會的。她用親身經(jīng)歷告知我們：跳出你的舒適區(qū)是值得的?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Needlesstosay,Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindlyintroducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.不用說，我混進(jìn)了聚會，找到了見總裁的路。我熱情地介紹了自己，然后問他們是否有法律實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目。你猜怎么著？他們接受了我成為一名法律實(shí)習(xí)生的請求，盡管當(dāng)時還沒有這樣的項(xiàng)目?？芍?，作者能夠離開德克薩斯是因?yàn)樽髡咦约合騍tubHub的總裁做了自我介紹，得到了一個工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.他們接受了我成為一名法律實(shí)習(xí)生的請求，盡管當(dāng)時還沒有這樣的項(xiàng)目。以及第四段中劃線詞所在句Thelegaldepartmentdidn’thaveapermanentpositionforme.法律部沒有給我________職位。由實(shí)習(xí)生可推斷作者沒有得到一個長期的職位，因此可猜測劃線詞permanent意為“長期的，永久的”。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!然而，在我法學(xué)院的第二年，我想做一個巨大的改變，這對德州人來說幾乎是聞所未聞的：我想離開德克薩斯州！可知，作者是一個有決心的人；以及第三段中ButyouknowI'mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.但你知道我是那種追求自己想要的東西的人?？芍?，作者是那種努力追求自己想要的東西的人，積極向上。因此，可以判斷作者是一個有決心果斷而又積極向上的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortzone.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.離開德克薩斯后，我認(rèn)識到，嘗試不熟悉的東西比呆在舒適的地方更有意義。探索不熟悉的事物是你如何理解什么適合你的生活。我說，一頭扎進(jìn)去?？芍髡哂米约旱慕?jīng)歷中告知我們：跳出你的舒適區(qū)是值得的。故選B項(xiàng)。CAfewweeksago,IsatwithaCaliforniafarmernamedDaveRibeiro.Iaskedhimwhathewishedtoknowaboutfarmers.Hesmiledandsaid,“Thatwewalkamongyou.Welooklikeyouandtalklikeyou.Wehaveadvanceddegreesandhobbies,justlikeyou.”TakeDaveforexample:He'sayoungmanwithamusicdegree.Andifyouwalkedpasthimonthestreet,you'dneverthink,“Theregoesafarmer.”IssomeonelikeDavewhoyoupicturewhenyouthinkofafarmer?Probablynot.Ithinkthatmostpeoplewouldpictureamaninhisoveralls(工作服).Icantellyou,thatdoesnotrepresentDaveoranyofthemanyotherfarmersIhavegottentoknow.Notonlydowehavetothrowoutourpreviousimpressionoffarmers,butfarmingasawholedoesn'tlookmuchlikeitusedtoeither.Werecentlysentateamouttoseewhatmodernfarminglookslike,andtheyfoundfarmerstobecompletelydifferentfromourusualideasaboutthemandalsocameacrosstheminsomeunexpectedplaces.InaparkinglotinaneighborhoodofBrooklyn,theymetanewcropofyoungfarmerswhoweretryingtobringfreshgreensclosertoeatersinthecitybygrowingtheminhigh-techindoorvertical(垂直的)farms.InaFloridafieldunderthefightpathofanairport,theydiscoveredfarmerswithuniversitydegreesgrowingplantsthatmightsomedayfuelourcars.AndinamodernfarminCalifornia,theyobservedhowfarmerswereusingtechnologytotakethebestpossiblecareoftheiranimals.Thesefarmersallspendtheirdaysinverydifferentways—noneofthemlookslikethepreviousfarmerwehaveinourmind—butthey'reallworkingonnewwaystofeedourplanet.Notonlydoweneedtochangeourideaofwhatfarminglookslike,butwealsoneedtochangeourviewofwheresolutionscancomefrom.Feedingallofusisgoingtotakeallofusworkingtogether.28.HowdoesDavedescribetoday'sfarmers?A.Theyoftenwalkonthestreet. B.Theyareleadingaverybusylife.C.Theyaresimilartoordinarypeople. D.Theyhavelittletimetomakefriends.29.Howdoestheauthorthinkmostpeopleseefarmers?A.Theyusuallywearoveralls. B.Theyhaveinterestinghobbies.C.Theyareskilledatgrowingcrops. D.Theyknowmodernfarmingpractices.30.Whatwasthepurposeoftheteam?A.Todeepenconnectionsamongfarmers.B.Tostudydifferenttechnologiesinfarming.C.Tofindthenewdevelopmentsofmodernfarming.D.Toencouragefarmerstousenewfarmingmethod.31.WhatdothefarmersmentionedinParagraph5haveincommon?A.Theyallworkinthecity.B.Theyallusehightechnology.C.Theyalldohardphysicalwork.D.Theyallworkwithuniversities.【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了現(xiàn)代的農(nóng)民采用高科技從事農(nóng)業(yè)活動，農(nóng)民的形象已經(jīng)不再是人們過去認(rèn)為的樣子了?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中Hesmiledandsaid,“Thatwewalkamongyou.Welooklikeyouandtalklikeyou.Wehaveadvanceddegreesandhobbies,justlikeyou.”可知，他說：“我們在你們中間行走。我們看起來像你，說話像你。就像您一樣，我們擁有高級的學(xué)位和愛好，因此Dave認(rèn)為今天的農(nóng)民和普通人一樣，C項(xiàng)符合題意。故選C。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中IssomeonelikeDavewhoyoupicturewhenyouthinkofafarmer?Probablynot.Ithinkthatmostpeoplewouldpictureamaninhisoveralls(工作服)可知，當(dāng)您想到一個農(nóng)民時，您會想到他們會是像戴夫（Dave）這樣的人嗎？可能不會。我認(rèn)為大多數(shù)人會通過工作服來想象一個人，因此在作者看來大多數(shù)人會認(rèn)為農(nóng)民常穿工作服，A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Werecentlysentateamouttoseewhatmodernfarminglookslike可知，我們派出了一個小組來考察現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的面貌，這與C項(xiàng)（尋找現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的新發(fā)展）的描述相符。故選C。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中anewcropofyoungfarmerswhoweretryingtobringfreshgreensclosertoeatersinthecitybygrowingtheminhigh-techindoorvertical(垂直的)farms;farmerswithuniversitydegreesgrowingplantsthatmightsomedayfuelourcars;farmerswereusingtechnologytotakethebestpossiblecareoftheiranimals.可知，調(diào)查小組發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民在高科技的室內(nèi)垂直農(nóng)場中種植新鮮蔬菜；農(nóng)民擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位，種植的植物有朝一日可以為我們的汽車加油。一個現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)場中，農(nóng)民利用技術(shù)來盡可能地照顧好動物，因此這些農(nóng)民的共同點(diǎn)在于他們都使用了高科技來從事現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)工作，B項(xiàng)符合題意。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】如何回答細(xì)節(jié)理解題？提問文章細(xì)節(jié)的選擇題一般針對文章中某個特定細(xì)節(jié)或涉及若干細(xì)節(jié)。一般來說，圍繞文章細(xì)節(jié)的命題大部分題目都可以在原文中找到答案，或者需要稍微變通一下，尋找文中關(guān)鍵詞的同義詞或釋意，這是表層理解。有的則需要加以分析、推斷、計算；具備一定的背景知識；通過某種暗示、語法關(guān)系或人物關(guān)系來判斷，這是深層理解。例如小題4，通過第五段中anewcropofyoungfarmerswhoweretryingtobringfreshgreensclosertoeatersinthecitybygrowingtheminhigh-techindoorvertical(垂直的)farms;farmerswithuniversitydegreesgrowingplantsthatmightsomedayfuelourcars;farmerswereusingtechnologytotakethebestpossiblecareoftheiranimals.這幾句對于農(nóng)民的描述，可總結(jié)出農(nóng)民的共同特點(diǎn)是在從事現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)工作時使用高科技，這需要考生進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納。DEnjoythechallengeofanewtermThenewtermisfinallyhere,whichmeans,ofcourse,it’stimetoreturntoschool.FormanystudentsacrossChina,thatalsomeanshavingtoleavehomeforthenextseveralmonthsandmoveintoaschooldormitory.Beingawayfromourfamilyforalongtime,however,oftenleadstohomesickness,afeelingthatmoststudentshaveexperiencedatsomepoint.AstudybytheUK’sNationalUnionofStudentsfoundthatupto70percentofUKstudentslivingawayfromhomeexperiencehomesicknesswithintheirfirstfewweeksofbeingaway.Buthomesicknessisn’tjustafeelingofsadnessthathappensinourmind;itcanalsoaffectusphysically.“Youfeelhomesicknessinyourstomach—it’sanuneaseinwhichyoufeeluncomfortable,nervous,stressedbecauseyou’reinaplaceorsituationthat’snotfamiliar,”JoshuaKlapow,aprofessorofpublicheathattheUniversityofAlabama,us,toldHuffPost.AccordingtoKlapow,thebodyreactsphysicallywhenit’splacedinanunknownsituationsuchasbeingseparatedfromone’sfamiliarsurroundingsforalongtime.“It’sanevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)thingthatmakesusprotectourselvesfromdangerwhensomethingisunknown,”hetoldtheHuffPost.“Whenwethinkabouthome,weknowthatthesenseofunknown…isnothappeningthere,sowewanttoreturn.”So,howcanweovercomethesephysicalreactions?RuthHardyoftheGuardianofferedadviceforstudentswhoarefeelingtheeffectsofbeingawayfromthesafetyofhome.“Tryandestablishroutines(常規(guī))quickly.Thiscanmakeyournewenvironmentfeelmorestableandwillhopefullymakeyoufeelmoresettled,”shewrote.Makingfriendswithotherswhoareinyoursituationisalsoagreatwaytofeellesshomesick,accordingtoHardy.Themostimportantthingtoremember,however,isthathomesicknessiscompletelynormalandisnothingtobeashamedof.Andonceit’sgone,you’refreetoenjoytheadventuresandchallengesofabrandnewschoolyear.32.ThestudybytheUK’sNationalUnionofStudentsismentionedto________.A.showhowhomesicknesscausesharmtostudentsB.proveit’scommonforstudentstofeelhomesickC.introducesomecausesofhomesicknessD.showhowallyoungpeoplearetroubledbyhomesickness33.Whatcanwelearnabouthomesickness?A.It’sonlyafeelinginourmind.BItusuallydisappearsafterafewweeks.C.Ithasaphysicalinfluenceonourbody.D.Italwayshappensoncewevisitanunfamiliarplace.34.HowdoesHardysuggestpeopledealwithhomesickness?A.Takepartinasmanyactivitiesaspossible.B.Talkaboutyourproblemswithyourfriends.C.Getintoaroutineasearlyaspossible.D.Avoidseeingthingsrelatedtoyourhomelife.【答案】32.B33.C34.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了大多數(shù)學(xué)生在離開家一段時間后會有想家的感覺，但是想家是完全正常的，不要感到羞恥?？朔诉@種感受，你就可以自由地享受全新的學(xué)年?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AstudybytheUK’sNationalUnionofStudentsfoundthatupto70percentofUKstudentslivingawayfromhomeexperiencehomesicknesswithintheirfirstfewweeksofbeingaway.(英國全國學(xué)生聯(lián)合會(NationalUnionofStudents)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，高達(dá)70%的離家在外的英國學(xué)生在離家的前幾周會想家。)”可知，提到英國全國學(xué)生聯(lián)合會的研究是為了證明學(xué)生想家是很正常的，故選B。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Buthomesicknessisn’tjustafeelingofsadnessthathappensinourmind;itcanalsoaffectusphysically.(但是想家不僅僅是一種發(fā)生在我們腦海中的悲傷的感覺；它還會影響我們的身體。)”可知，想家對我們的身體有影響。故選C。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Tryandestablishroutines(常規(guī))quickly.Thiscanmakeyournewenvironmentfeelmorestableandwillhopefullymakeyoufeelmoresettled(試著快速建立日常常規(guī)。這會讓你的新環(huán)境感覺更穩(wěn)定，也有希望讓你感覺更安定)”可知，Hardy建議人們盡早建立日常常規(guī)來應(yīng)對思鄉(xiāng)之情。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howoldis“old”?Howoldis“old”?___35___Morethantwohundredyearsago,youwereoldat35.Thatwastheaveragelifethen.Attheturnofthe20thcentury,asmedicalknowledgeadvanced,theaveragelifespan(長度)increasedto45.In1950,70-year-oldswerereallyold.Today,ahealthy70-year-oldislookingforwardtomanymoreactiveyears.So,howoldisold?Theanswerisoneyou’veheardmanytimes,fromallsortsofpeople.“Youareasoldoryoungasyoufeel!”Thecalendar(日歷)simplytellsyouhowmanyyearsyouhavelived.___36___Onceanunknownauthorwrote,“Youthisnotatimeoflifebutitisastateofmind.Nobodygrowsoldbylivinganumberofyears.___37___”___38___AliceBrophy,whenshewaswiththeNewYorkCitycommissionfortheAging,said,“Itupsetsmewhenpeoplesay,‘Gee,youlookyoungforyourage!’Whatdoesthatmean?Istheresomemodelthatyou’resupposedtolookacertainwayat65and75and85?Youknowyoucandieoldat30andliveyoungat80.”Therearemanywrongideasaboutaging.___39___Herearesomeofthemorecommonones.Forexamplemostolderpeopleareinpoorhealth,orolderpeopleareunabletochange.A.Oldisapointofview.B.It’sextremelyterribletobegrownold.C.Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.D.Yourbodytellsyouhowwellyou’velived.E.Olderpeoplearestubborn,unabletochange.F.Peoplegrowoldbygivinguptheirgoals.G.Theseideasstereotype(固化)peopleonthebasisofage.【答案】35.C36.D37.F38.A39.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是到底多少歲算老，其實(shí)這和心態(tài)有關(guān)?！?5題詳解】空格前的“Howoldis“old”?（“老”是多少歲？）”是一個問題，因此空格處給出回答，C選項(xiàng)“Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.（多年來，答案一直在變化。）”中的“Theanswer”和前面的問題相承接，因此C選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選C?！?6題詳解】空格前說““Youareasoldoryoungasyoufeel!”Thecalendar(日歷)simplytellsyouhowmanyyearsyouhavelived.（“你覺得自己年輕還是老，你就有多年輕!”日歷只是告訴你你活了多少年。）”，接下來應(yīng)說到自己是年輕還是老是由除了日歷以外的東西來告訴你的，D選項(xiàng)“Yourbodytellsyouhowwellyou’velived.（你的身體告訴你你過得有多好。）”說明了身體狀況會告訴你你是年輕還是老，因此D選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】空格前說“Nobodygrowsoldbylivinganumberofyears.（沒有人會因?yàn)榛盍藥啄甓兝稀＃?，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Peoplegrowoldbygivinguptheirgoals.（人因放棄目標(biāo)而變老。）”在句式上和前面一致，形成句式上的重復(fù)，且在語義上和上文相互承接，因此F選項(xiàng)符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】空格后說“AliceBrophy,whenshewaswiththeNewYorkCitycommissionfortheAging,said,“Itupsetsmewhenpeoplesay,‘Gee,youlookyoungforyourage!’（愛麗絲·布羅菲(AliceBrophy)在紐約市老齡化委員會工作時表示，“當(dāng)人們說，‘哎呀，你看起來比實(shí)際年齡年輕!）”，這說明老只是人們的一種觀點(diǎn)，A選項(xiàng)“Oldisapointofview.（老是一種觀點(diǎn)。）”正好說明了這一點(diǎn)，因此A選項(xiàng)符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】空格前說“Therearemanywrongideasaboutaging.（關(guān)于衰老有許多錯誤的觀點(diǎn)。）”，G選項(xiàng)“Theseideasstereotype(固化)peopleonthebasisofage.（這些觀念因年齡而使人產(chǎn)生成見。）”中的“Theseideas”指代前面的“wrongideas”，因此G選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選G。第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題，每小題3分，共12分）閱讀下面短文并按要求完成閱讀任務(wù)。請將答案書寫在答題紙相應(yīng)位置。Mostcultureshaveafestivaloflight.Eachculturecelebratesthisfestivalinadifferentway.Thereisonethingthatisthesame,however,andthisisthewishforpeaceandhappinessintheworld.TheJewishFestivalofLightiscalledHanukkah.HanukkahusuallytakesplaceinDecember.ThestoryofwhyHanukkahiscelebratedisveryold.Itistoldthataverylongtimeago,JewishpeoplecalledtheMacabeeswereatwarwithacountrycalledSyria.OnthedaythattheMacabeeswonthewar,theycleaneduptheirholyplace,whichiscalledatemple,becausetheSyrianpeoplehadbeenlivingthere.Theywantedtolighttheirholylampstosaythankyoufortheendofthewar,butfoundonlyaverysmallamountofoilleftovertodothat.TheMacabeeslitthelampsanyway,thinkingthattheywouldsoongoout.Thelampskeptburningforeightdays!TheJewishpeoplecelebrateHanukkaheveryyearbylightingacandlestickthathaseightcandleholders.Everynightanewcandleislitsothatontheeighthnight,alleightcandlesstandtogether.Presentsaregivenatthistimeandmoneyisgiventothepoor.Lanternsareanotherformoflight.InChina,lanternsarefamousworksofart.TheLanternFestivalgoesbackmorethan2,000yearstotheQinDynasty.Ittakesplaceonthe15thdayoftheChineseNewYear,bringingtheNewYearseasontoaclose.Duringthefestival,parksbecomeaseaoflanterns.Sometimesstreetsareblockedoffandlanternsareputdownoneachsidetomakeahallwayoflanterns.Peoplealsohanglanternsintheirgardens,outsidetheirhousesoronboats.Thelanternsaremadeinmanyshapes,sizesandcolours.Theyareusuallymadefromsilk,paperandplastic.Someareevenmadefromice.Itisbelievedthattheselanternswillguidevisitorsandthespiritsofancestorstothecelebrations.TheLanternFestivalisatimeforfamilies,youngandoldtospendtogether.EveryNewYearthewishisthesame—peaceandhappinesstoall.40.What’sthesamewiththefestivalsoflightindifferentcultures?(不超過11個單詞)41.WhydotheJewishlightanewcandleeverynightduring