DB50-T909-2019-小麥輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)規(guī)程-重慶市

ICS65.020B05DB50重慶市地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)DB50/T909—2019小麥輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)規(guī)程Lightandsimpleproductiontechnologyregulationforwheat重慶市市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布DB50/T909—2019目??次前言.....................................................................................................................................................................II12范圍.................................................................................................................................................................1規(guī)范性引用文件.............................................................................................................................................13術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義.....................................................................................................................................................1.................................................................................................................................13.1輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)3.2“三溝”.................................................................................................................................................14種植方式.........................................................................................................................................................14.1稻麥輪作.................................................................................................................................................14.2旱地間作.................................................................................................................................................25品種選擇與質(zhì)量要求.....................................................................................................................................25.1品種選擇.................................................................................................................................................25.2質(zhì)量要求.................................................................................................................................................26生產(chǎn)技術(shù).........................................................................................................................................................26.1秸稈還田.................................................................................................................................................26.2耕整土地.................................................................................................................................................2精量播種.................................................................................................................................................26.3.1播種期.............................................................................................................................................2播種量.............................................................................................................................................2播種方法.........................................................................................................................................26.3.26.3.3科學(xué)施肥.................................................................................................................................................2施肥水平.........................................................................................................................................26.4.16.4.2重施拔節(jié)肥.....................................................................................................................................36.4.3葉面噴肥.........................................................................................................................................36.5全程化學(xué)調(diào)控.........................................................................................................................................36.5.1除草.................................................................................................................................................36.5.2控旺防倒.........................................................................................................................................36.6病蟲(chóng)害防控.............................................................................................................................................36.6.1苗期.................................................................................................................................................36.6.2穗期.................................................................................................................................................36.7適時(shí)機(jī)收.................................................................................................................................................3IDB50/T909—2019前??言本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按照GB/T1.1-2009給出的規(guī)則起草。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由重慶市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村委員會(huì)提出并歸口。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)起草單位：重慶市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要起草人員：李伯群，周鳳云，高志宏，楊德，楊明，馬強(qiáng)，劉麗，任泓鋼，唐世江，唐定富，榮曉椒，尤鋮。IIDB50/T909—2019小麥輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)規(guī)程1范圍本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了重慶市小麥輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)量目標(biāo)、種植制度、品種選擇、質(zhì)量要求、生產(chǎn)技術(shù)配套等要求。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于重慶市麥區(qū)小麥輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)，每667m目標(biāo)產(chǎn)量250kg～350kg。22規(guī)范性引用文件下列文件對(duì)于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅所注日期的版本適用于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。GB1351小麥GB2715食品安全國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)糧食GB4404.1糧食作物種子第1部分：禾谷類GB8231農(nóng)藥合理使用準(zhǔn)則GB/T35238小麥條銹病防治技術(shù)規(guī)范輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)Lightandsimpleproductiontechnology指由小麥淺（免）耕栽培、撒/機(jī)播、機(jī)械噴防病蟲(chóng)草害、機(jī)械收獲等技術(shù)組成的輕簡(jiǎn)、省工、高產(chǎn)、高效栽培技術(shù)體系。指小麥播種前將麥田溝系配套，防澇降漬?！叭郎稀敝傅氖菐麥希ㄒ步胸Q溝）、腰溝和圍溝（也叫邊溝）。4種植方式4.1稻麥輪作1DB50/T909—2019水稻收獲后播種小麥,次年五月收獲,麥茬灌溉后翻耕再種水稻,一年兩熟。4.2旱地間作主要方式有小麥-玉米(甘薯、花生、高梁、大豆、綠豆)輪作，一年兩熟或三熟。5品種選擇與質(zhì)量要求5.1品種選擇應(yīng)為通過(guò)重慶市或國(guó)家品種審定委員會(huì)審定，分蘗成穗力強(qiáng)，灌漿快的早中熟小麥品種。5.2質(zhì)量要求優(yōu)先選擇由種子企業(yè)生產(chǎn)銷售的質(zhì)量符合GB4404.1規(guī)定指標(biāo)的小麥種子。純度≥99.0%，凈度≥99.0%，發(fā)芽率≥85.0%，水分≤13.0%。對(duì)于自留種子，應(yīng)在播種前選擇晴天晾曬1d～2d，進(jìn)行發(fā)芽試驗(yàn)。對(duì)沒(méi)有包衣的種子，播種前選擇適宜殺蟲(chóng)劑（如吡蟲(chóng)啉）、殺菌劑（如三唑酮、三唑醇、咯菌腈、苯醚甲環(huán)唑等）一起拌種，重點(diǎn)防治小麥蚜蟲(chóng)、多種地下害蟲(chóng)以及苗期白粉病、銹病、全蝕病等。6生產(chǎn)技術(shù)6.1秸稈還田前茬作物收割時(shí)，碎草勻鋪，機(jī)械滅茬作業(yè)，以改善土壤理化性質(zhì)。播種前根據(jù)土壤類型和濕度適時(shí)采取深耕、淺耕、免耕栽培，并開(kāi)好“三溝”。廂溝要求間距4m～6m，廂溝深25cm～30cm，腰溝深30cm～35cm，圍溝深35cm～40cm，三種溝的溝寬都要求在30cm～40cm。使溝溝相通，排水順暢，避免漬害。10月25日～11月10日播種，春性較強(qiáng)品種應(yīng)適當(dāng)推遲；春性較弱、生育期相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)品種應(yīng)適當(dāng)每667m6.3.3播種方法在適于機(jī)械作業(yè)的地區(qū)宜選擇旋耕施肥播種機(jī)結(jié)合整地施肥播種，深度3cm～4cm；不宜機(jī)械作業(yè)的地區(qū)和田塊，可選擇人工撒播、多功能電動(dòng)撒播機(jī)，直接將種子人工或機(jī)械撒播在免耕或旋耕平整后的土表，提倡蓋種減少露籽，減輕鼠雀危害。2DB50/T909—2019一般每667m2施純氮