專題02閱讀理解（說明文）-2023年高考英語二模試題分項(xiàng)匯編（新高考八省專用）VIP

專題02閱讀理解（說明文）1.【2023屆湖北省華中師范大學(xué)附中第二次質(zhì)量檢測試題】Forthefirsttime,UnitedNationsmembershaveagreedonaunifiedtreaty(協(xié)議)toprotectbiodiversityonthehighseas,representingaturningpointforvaststretchesoftheplanetwhereconservationhaspreviouslybeenheldbackbyaconfusingpatchwork(拼湊)oflaws.TheUNConventionontheLawoftheSeacameintoforcein1994,beforemarinebiodiversitywasawellestablishedconcept.Anupdatedframeworktoprotectmarinelifeintheregionsoutsidenationalboundarywaters,knownasthehighseas,hadbeenindiscussionsformorethan20years,butpreviouseffortstoreachanagreementhadrepeatedlyfailed.Theunifiedtreaty,whichappliestonearlyhalftheplanet’ssurface,wasreachedlateonSaturday.UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterreswelesthefinalizationofthetextoftheUnitedNationsOceanTreaty,hisspokesmansaidonSaturday.“Thisbreakthrough,whichcoversnearlytwothirdsoftheocean,markstheculminationofnearlytwodecadesofworkandbuildsonthelegacy(遺產(chǎn))oftheUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea,”astatementsaid.NicholaClark,anoceanexpertatthePewCharitableTrustscalledthelongawaitedtreatytext“aonceinagenerationopportunitytoprotecttheoceansamajorwinforbiodiversity”.Thetreatywillcreateanewbodytomanagetheconservationofoceanlifeandestablishmarineprotectedareasonthehighseas.Clarksaidthat’scriticaltoachievingtheUNBiodiversityConference’srecentpromisetoprotect30percentoftheplanet’swaters,forconservation.Thetreatyalsoestablishesgroundrulesforconductingenvironmentalimpactassessmentsformercialactivitiesintheoceans.TreatynegotiationswereinitiallyanticipatedtoconcludeonFriday,butstretchedthroughthenightintoSaturday.Themakingofthetreatyrepresents“ahistoricandoverwhelmingsuccessforinternationalmarineprotection,”saidSteffiLemke,Germany’senvironmentminister.8．WhatcanwelearnabouttheUNConventionontheLawoftheSea?A．ItisthebasisoftheUNOceanTreaty. B．Itleadstoalotofcontroversy.C．Ithasbeendiscussedforover20years. D．Itisapletefailure.9．Whichofthefollowingcouldreplacetheunderlinedword“culmination”inParagraph3?A．Beginning. B．Impact. C．End. D．Break.10．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．mercialoceanactivitieswillbemonitored.B．Preservationof30%oftheplanetwillbeensured.C．Protectedareasonthehighseaswillbeexpanded.D．Anexistingdepartmentwillmanagetheconservation.11．WhyisthemakingoftheUNoceantreatyrecognizedasahistoricsuccess?A．Ittakestoughandlongnegotiations.B．Thehighseasarestressedforthefirsttime.C．Unityinprotectingthehighseasisachieved.D．Theconceptofmarinebiodiversityisestablished.【答案】8．A

9．C

10．A

11．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是保護(hù)公海海洋生物多樣性的統(tǒng)一條約達(dá)成一致，并分析了這一條約達(dá)成一致的成因與意義。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheUNConventionontheLawoftheSeacameintoforcein1994,beforemarinebiodiversitywasawellestablishedconcept.Anupdatedframeworktoprotectmarinelifeintheregionsoutsidenationalboundarywaters,knownasthehighseas,hadbeenindiscussionsformorethan20years,butpreviouseffortstoreachanagreementhadrepeatedlyfailed.(《聯(lián)合國海洋法條約》于1994年生效，當(dāng)時海洋生物多樣性還沒有成為一個公認(rèn)的概念。保護(hù)國家邊界水域以外區(qū)域（稱為公海）海洋生物的最新框架已經(jīng)討論了20多年，但以前為達(dá)成協(xié)議所作的努力一再失敗。)”可知，過去20多年一直對公海海洋生物多樣性的保護(hù)法進(jìn)行討論，但都最終以失敗而告終，所以這一成立于1994年的聯(lián)合國海洋保護(hù)法應(yīng)該是聯(lián)合國海洋條約的基礎(chǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)。9．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Forthefirsttime,UnitedNationsmembershaveagreedonaunifiedtreaty(協(xié)議)toprotectbiodiversityonthehighseas(聯(lián)合國成員國首次就保護(hù)公海生物多樣性的統(tǒng)一條約達(dá)成一致)”可知，聯(lián)合國成員國第一次就公海保護(hù)生物多樣性簽訂了條約約，劃線單詞前的“breakthroughmarks(突破標(biāo)志著)”以及劃線單詞后的“nearlytwodecadesofworkandbuildsonthelegacy(遺產(chǎn))oftheUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea.(近二十年的工作，并以《聯(lián)合國海洋法條約》的遺產(chǎn)為基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，這里的突破指的是“聯(lián)合國海洋條約”的簽署，也就標(biāo)志著過去20年對保護(hù)海洋法討論的結(jié)束。故選C項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thetreatyalsoestablishesgroundrulesforconductingenvironmentalimpactassessmentsformercialactivitiesintheoceans.(該條約還確立了對海洋商業(yè)活動進(jìn)行環(huán)境影響評估的基本規(guī)則。)”可知，該條約還制定了商業(yè)海洋活動對海洋造成影響的評估規(guī)則，由此可以推斷，該條約也會對商業(yè)海洋活動進(jìn)行監(jiān)管。故選A項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Forthefirsttime,UnitedNationsmembershaveagreedonaunifiedtreaty(協(xié)議)toprotectbiodiversityonthehighseas,representingaturningpointforvaststretchesoftheplanetwhereconservationhaspreviouslybeenheldbackbyaconfusingpatchwork(拼湊)oflaws.(聯(lián)合國成員國首次就保護(hù)公海生物多樣性的統(tǒng)一條約達(dá)成一致，這代表了地球上大片地區(qū)的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，這些地區(qū)的保護(hù)工作以前一直受到混亂的法律拼湊的阻礙。)”可知，聯(lián)合國成員國就保護(hù)公海生物多樣性的統(tǒng)一條約達(dá)成一致意見，對廣大被一些拼湊法律阻止保護(hù)海洋的地區(qū)來說是一個很大的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，這也就意味著眾多公海保護(hù)海洋生物多樣性的統(tǒng)一得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以，這一條約的簽訂是歷史性的成功。故選C項(xiàng)。2.【2023屆福建省福州市高三第二次質(zhì)量檢測】WHENKIMJIUNlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.The23yearoldstartedafarmlastyear.Herfirstharvestwasasuccess;shewassurprisedthatherblackbeansdidbetterthanherstrawberries.MsKimispartofaphenomenoncalledkitchen,orreturningtorurallife.Coinedamillenniumago,thetermcropsupduringperiodsofeconomichardship.Thistime,inthewakeofthepandemic,manynewfarmershaveneverlivedinthecountrysidebefore.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380,000peoplemovedtothecountryside.fortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyungik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.Thecentreteachestechniqueslikehowtouseatractor(拖拉機(jī))orselectthebestcrops.Itarrangesatrialperiodduringwhichambitiousfarmersworkundertheguidanceofanoldhand,learningwhatitmeanstodobackbreakinglabourfromdawntodusk.Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.MsKimsaysherneighbourshaveabadtemper.“Theoldpeopleeinhereandgivemeunwantedadvice,orsaythatIwillneverbeabletogrowanything,”shesays.Herblackbeansbegtodiffer.SheandtheSouthKoreangovernmentwillbehopingthathercropsputtheargumenttorestforgood.4．WhydoesthewritertellMsKim’sstory?A．Tostartadiscussion.B．Tointroduceatopic.C．Toexplainasolution.D．Tomakeaparison.5．Whatdoestheunderlined“alegup”inparagraph3mean?A．Anewidentity.B．Ahelpinghand.C．Abigreward.D．Adifferentidea.6．Whatisthechallengefortheyoungfarmers?A．Farmingtechniques.B．Hardwork.C．municativeskills.D．Unwantedadvice.7．WhatcanweinferfromkwichoninSouthKorea?A．Farmingmakeshugeprofits.B．Localsneedtechnicaltraining.C．Ithelpstoreviveruralareas.D．Governmentshouldhelpfarmers.【答案】4．B

5．B

6．C

7．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了韓國越來越多的年輕人遠(yuǎn)離城市喧囂、回歸田園生活的現(xiàn)象。4．推理判斷題。第一段“WHENKIMJIUNlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.(當(dāng)KIMJIUN住在首爾時，她擔(dān)心找不到一份好工作?，F(xiàn)在，她擔(dān)心干旱會毀了她的莊稼)”提到Kim女士從城市回歸農(nóng)村，下文講述了韓國出現(xiàn)的“回歸農(nóng)村生活”的現(xiàn)象，故第一段提到Kim女士是為了引入本文話題。故選B。5．短語猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.(他們在韓國最大的搜索引擎Naver上銷售新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)”可知，年輕農(nóng)民可以在數(shù)字技術(shù)的幫助下在線上銷售農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，由此可推知，畫線短語所在句意為“對數(shù)字技術(shù)的適應(yīng)給年輕農(nóng)民提供了幫助”，alegup意為“幫助”，故選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.(最重要的一課是如何與當(dāng)?shù)厝讼嗵?”可知，年輕農(nóng)民面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是學(xué)習(xí)溝通技巧。故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.(政府希望通過在農(nóng)村地區(qū)培養(yǎng)年輕農(nóng)民，在未來獲得巨大的回報(bào))”及第三段內(nèi)容“Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380,000peoplemovedtothecountryside.fortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyungik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.(這個計(jì)劃正在奏效。2021年，近38萬人遷往農(nóng)村?！率洲r(nóng)民中心’主任ChoKyungik說，對數(shù)字技術(shù)的適應(yīng)給年輕農(nóng)民提供了幫助，該中心在市中心的辦公室里為那些想要?dú)w村的人提供教育。他們在韓國最大的搜索引擎Naver上銷售新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)”可知，年輕人從城市回歸農(nóng)村有助于振興農(nóng)村地區(qū)。故選C。3.【2023屆福建省廈門一中高三下學(xué)期二模試題】Toomuchtimespentongaming,smartphonesandwatchingtelevisionislinkedtoheightenedlevelsanddiagnoses(診斷)ofanxietyordepressioninchildrenasyoungasage2,accordingtoanewstudy.Evenafteronlyonehourofscreentimedaily,childrenandteensmaybegintohavelesscuriosity,lowerselfcontrol,lessemotionalstabilityandagreaterinabilitytofinishtasks,reportsSanDiegoStateUniversitypsychologistJeanTwengeandUniversityofCeorgiapsychologyprofessorW.KeithCampbell.Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.TwengeandCampbellfoundadolescentswhospendmorethansevenhoursadayonscreensweretwiceaslikelyasthosespendingonehourtohavebeendiagnosedwithanxietyordepression.Overall,linksbetweenscreentimeandwellbeingwerelargeramongadolescentsthanamongyoungchildren.“Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwellbeingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhighqualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursadayshouldbeappliedtoschoolagedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutesoflowpsychologicalwellbeingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.8．WhatdoweknowaboutTwengeandCampbell’sstudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Itrequiresfurtherresearch.B．Itbringschildrenlessfort.C．Itneedsgreaterabilitytofinish.D．Itgeneratesmorepublicconcern.9．Whatisareasonforthedifferentdegreesofimpactonchildren?A．Theeffectsoftheharmfulcontents.B．Teens’strongeraddictiontoscreens.C．Theportabilityofelectronicdevices.D．Teens’negativeemotionsatdiscipline.10．WhichofthefollowingdotheresearcherswantAAPtodo?A．Providehighqualityprograms.B．Issueminimumscreentimelimits.C．Applythelimitstoolderchildren.D．Presentfurtherevidenceforprevention.11．Whatdoesthisstudyfocuson?A．Adolescents’mentalproblems.B．Thebadhabitsoftheyoungadults.C．Lowlevelofmentalhealthinyouth.D．Theimportanceoftheyoungpopulation.【答案】8．A

9．B

10．C

11．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果，該研究表明，在游戲、智能手機(jī)和看電視上花費(fèi)太多時間與兒童或青少年的焦慮或抑郁水平升高和診斷有關(guān)。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.(他們對屏幕使用時間與青少年焦慮和抑郁診斷之間的關(guān)系特別感興趣，這一點(diǎn)尚未得到詳細(xì)研究。)”可推斷，Twenge和Campbell的研究還需要更進(jìn)一步。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwellbeingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”(“起初，我很驚訝這種聯(lián)系在青少年中更大，”特溫格說。“然而，青少年花在手機(jī)和社交媒體上的時間更多，這些活動與低幸福感的聯(lián)系比看電視和視頻更緊密，而電視和視頻是年幼兒童的大部分屏幕時間。”)”可知，青少年對于屏幕的使用時間更長，所以影響更大。故選B。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhighqualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursadayshouldbeappliedtoschoolagedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.(Twenge說，這項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)一步證明了美國兒科學(xué)會(AAP)制定的屏幕時間限制是有效的——2至5歲兒童每天一小時，重點(diǎn)是高質(zhì)量的節(jié)目。Twenge說，這項(xiàng)研究還表明，學(xué)齡兒童和青少年也應(yīng)該受到類似的限制，可能是每天兩小時。)”可知，Twenge希望AAP能把這種限制用于年齡較大的兒童。故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及最后一段“Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutesoflowpsychologicalwellbeingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.(在預(yù)防方面，確定心理健康低下的可能原因和結(jié)果對兒童和青少年人群尤其重要。Twenge和Campbell在他們的論文中寫道：“一半的心理健康問題是在青春期出現(xiàn)的。”)”可推斷，他們的研究重點(diǎn)在青少年的心理健康方面。故選A。4.【2023屆廣東省廣州天河區(qū)高三二模試題】Thisparagraphisnotordinary.Lookatit.Atfirst,itwon’tlooktooodd.Justanormalparagraph—youmaythink.Butlookatitagainandyoumightfinditabitunusual.Canyouspotit?Isanything...missing?Whatyou’vejustreadisalipogramatextwithoutaparticularletter.Itisthehardestkindasitdoesn’tcontaintheletterEthemostmonletterintheEnglishlanguage.Trywritingoneyourselfandyou’llimaginethetaskfacedbytheFrenchwriterGeorgesPerec,whenafriendchallengedhimtowriteawholenovelwithoutusingEaletterwhichisevenmoremoninFrench.Perecwasafrighteninglycleverwriter,aloverofwordgamesandpuzzlesandalsoamasteroftheChineseboardgameGo.AswellaswritingcrosswordpuzzlesforParismagazines,hehadalreadywrittena5,000wordpalindrome,atextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards,likethewellknown“Aman,aplan,acanalPanama.”Buthisfriendsthoughtthistaskwouldbebeyondhim.Perectookupthechallenge.Hewasunabletousemorethan70%oftheFrenchwords,includingthosemostmonlyused.Surprisingly,hediscoveredthis“impossible”ruleunlockedhisimagination.Helaterclaimedhewrotethisnovelfasterthananyofhisotherbooks.Hewasforcedtothinkandfightforeverysentence.Hehadnochoicebuttobeoriginal.TheresultwasLaDisparition,adetectivestoryaboutthemysteriousdisappearanceofacharacternamedA．Vowl.TheonlyEswerethefourinhisnameonthecover.Despitethedozensofcluesaboutthefantasticallydifficultrule,manyoriginalreviewersfailedtospotwhatwasstaringtheminthefaces—themissingletter.Embarrassingforthecritics,buthilariousforthewriterandhisfriends.Fortunately,thegamePerecwasplayingdidnotdestroythebookitself.Everysentenceseemstwistedslightlyoutofshape,andtheresultingstyleisunique.8．Whydoesthewriterstartwithalipogram?A．ToprovePerec’sworkishard.B．TointroducePerec’stoughtask.C．Todemonstratewhatalipogramis.D．Tochallengereaderstowriteone.9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTapalindrome?A．Madam. B．Nursesran.C．NoXinNixon. D．Nolemons,nomelon.10．WhatdidPerecthinkofthechallengehetookup?A．Itforcedhimtowritefaster. B．Itenrichedhiswritingstyles.C．Nowriterbuthecouldmakeit. D．Itfreedhiscreativityinwriting.11．Whatdoestheunderlineword“hilarious”meaninparagraph5?A．Confusing. B．Surprising. C．Verylucky. D．Extremelyfunny.【答案】8．B

9．B

10．D

11．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了佩雷克是一位聰明得驚人的作家，熱愛文字游戲和謎題，也是中國棋盤游戲圍棋的大師。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whatyou’vejustreadisalipogramatextwithoutaparticularletter.Itisthehardestkindasitdoesn’tcontaintheletterEthemostmonletterintheEnglishlanguage.(你剛剛讀到的是一篇漏字文——一篇沒有特定字母的文章。它是最難的一種，因?yàn)樗话帜窫——英語中最常見的字母)”可知，文章開頭提到的漏字文是最難的一種，由此為了介紹佩雷克的艱巨任務(wù)。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AswellaswritingcrosswordpuzzlesforParismagazines,hehadalreadywrittena5000wordpalindrome,atextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards,likethewellknown“Aman,aplan,acanalPanama.”(除了為巴黎的雜志寫填字游戲，他還寫了一篇5000字的回文，前后讀起來是一樣的，比如著名的“Aman,aplan,acanalPanama.”)”可知，回文是一種正反讀都一樣的詞語，構(gòu)成一種對稱結(jié)構(gòu)。B選項(xiàng)不符合該特點(diǎn)。故選B。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Perectookupthechallenge.Hewasunabletousemorethan70%oftheFrenchwords,includingthosemostmonlyused.Surprisingly,hediscoveredthis“impossible”ruleunlockedhisimagination.(佩雷克接受了挑戰(zhàn)。他不能使用超過70%的法語單詞，包括那些最常用的單詞。令人驚訝的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個“不可能”的規(guī)則釋放了他的想象力。)”可知，佩雷克認(rèn)為他所接受的挑戰(zhàn)釋放了他在寫作上的創(chuàng)造力。故選D。11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“Despitethedozensofcluesaboutthefantasticallydifficultrule,manyoriginalreviewersfailedtospotwhatwasstaringtheminthefaces—themissingletter.Embarrassingforthecritics(盡管關(guān)于這條極其困難的規(guī)則有幾十條線索，但許多最初的評審者都沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他們臉上正在盯著的東西——丟失的字母。對評論家來說很尷尬，)”可知，不知道有缺失的字母對于評論家來說這是很尷尬的事情，其與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，但是對于作者和他的朋友來說這是極大的樂趣。故劃線詞hilarious與D選項(xiàng)Extremelyfunny為同義詞，意為“非常有趣的”。故選D。5.【2023屆湖北省十一校第二次聯(lián)考英語試題】Recently,Googleresearcherspublishedapaperdescribingresultsfromanartificialintelligence(AI)tool,calledMusicLM,builttocreatemusic.ItisnotthefirstAImusictooltolaunch.ButtheexamplesGoogleprovidesdemonstratemusicalcreativeabilitybasedonalimitedsetofdescriptivewords.AIshowshowplexputersystemshavebeentrainedtobehaveinhumanlikeways.GoogleengineersexplaintheMusicLMsystemthisway:First,auseresupwithawordorwordsthatdescribethekindofmusictheywantthetooltocreate.Forexample,ausercouldenterthisshortphraseintothesystem:“acontinuouscalmingviolinbackedbyasoftguitarsound.”Thedescriptionsenteredcanincludedifferentmusicstyles,instrumentsorotherexistingsounds.SeveraldifferentmusicexamplesproducedbyMusicLMwerepublishedonline.Someofthegeneratedmusiccamefromjustoneortwoworddescriptions,suchas“jazz”,or“techno”.Thesystemcreatedotherexamplesfrommoredetaileddescriptionscontainingwholesentences.Intheresultingrecording,themusicseemstokeepveryclosetothedescription.Theteamsaidthatthemoredetailedthedescriptionis,thebetterthesystemcanattempttoproduceit.Inadditiontogeneratingnewmusicfromwrittendescriptions,theteamsaidthesystemcanalsocreateexamplesbasedonaperson’sownsinging,whistlingorplayinganinstrument.Theresearcherssaidthetool“produceshighqualitymusic...overseveralminutes,whilebeingfaithfultothetextconditioningsignal”.Althoughithasn’tbeenreleasedforpublicuse,Googleannounceditwasreleasinga“highqualitydataset(數(shù)據(jù)集)”ofmorethan5,500musicwritingpairspreparedbyprofessionalmusicianscalledMusicCaps.TheresearcherstookthatsteptoassistinthedevelopmentofotherAImusicgenerators.TheMusicLMresearcherssaidtheybelievetheyhavedesignedanewtooltohelpanyonequicklyandeasilycreatehighqualitymusicselections.However,theteamsaiditalsorecognizessomeriskslinkedtothemachinelearningprocess8．HowdoesMusicLMwork?A．Itadaptsmusicfromrecordings.B．Itgeneratesmusicfromwrittendescriptions.C．Itteachesusershowtoplayamusicalinstrument.D．Itremendssongsbasedonauser’slisteninghistory.9．WhydidGooglereleasetheMusicCapsdataset?A．TodisplaythecapabilitiesofMusicLM.B．ToallowthepublictouseMusicLM.C．TohelpdevelopotherAImusicgenerators.D．TopromotetheMusicCapsmusicwritingservice.10．WhatmightbeanadvantageofusingMusicLMformusiccreation?A．Itcanimprovetheoverallqualityofmusicintheindustry.B．Itcanreplacehumanmusiciansandposers.C．Itcanproducemusicthatismoreplexthanhumanmademusic.D．Itcancreatemusicquicklyandefficiently.11．Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A．GooglehasdevelopedMusicLMAtocreatemusicfromwrittendescriptionsandotherinputs.B．MusicLManexampleofAIsystemscanbehaveinhumanlikeways.C．MusicLMcancreatemusicfollowingwrittendescriptionsandusingothersasinput.D．GooglehasreleasedadatasettohelpdevelopotherAImusicgenerators.【答案】8．B

9．C

10．D

11．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了谷歌研發(fā)出叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，這種AI工具可以根據(jù)書面描述和其他輸入創(chuàng)建音樂。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“First,auseresupwithawordorwordsthatdescribethekindofmusictheywantthetooltocreate.(首先，用戶想出一個或多個詞來描述他們希望該工具創(chuàng)建的音樂類型)”可知，MusicLMS是根據(jù)用戶輸入描述他們想要的音樂類型然后創(chuàng)造出與之有關(guān)的音樂。故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“TheresearcherstookthatsteptoassistinthedevelopmentofotherAlmusicgenerators.(研究人員采取這一步驟是為了幫助開發(fā)其他AI音樂生成器)”可知，研究人員發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù)集是幫助其他人工智能音樂生成器。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“TheMusicLMresearcherssaidtheybelievetheyhavedesignedanewtooltohelpanyonequicklyandeasilycreatehighqualitymusicselections.(MusicLM的研究人員表示，他們相信自己已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)了一種新的工具，可以幫助任何人快速輕松地創(chuàng)作高質(zhì)量的音樂)”推知，使用MusicLM創(chuàng)作音樂的優(yōu)勢是，它能快速且高效地創(chuàng)作音樂。故選D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Recently,Googleresearcherspublishedapaperdescribingresultsfromanartificialintelligence(AI)tool,calledMusicLM,builttocreatemusic.(最近，谷歌的研究人員發(fā)表了一篇論文，描述了一種名為MusicLM的人工智能工具的結(jié)果，該工具是為創(chuàng)作音樂而構(gòu)建的)”和第二段的“First,auseresupwithawordorwordsthatdescribethekindofmusictheywantthetooltocreate.(首先，用戶想出一個或多個詞來描述他們希望該工具創(chuàng)建的音樂類型)”以及“Someofthegeneratedmusiccamefromjustoneortwoworddescriptions,suchas“jazz”,or“techno”.(一些生成的音樂只來自一兩個詞的描述，比如“爵士樂”或“電子音樂”)”以及文章整個內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了谷歌研發(fā)出叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，這種AI工具可以根據(jù)書面描述和其他輸入創(chuàng)建音樂。故選A。6.【2023屆湖南省衡陽市高三二模英語試題】Doyoueverfeelguiltyforrelaxing,evenafteryou’veworkedhardallday?Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbedoingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearingburnout?Youmaybeexperiencingproductivitydysmorphia(生產(chǎn)力畸形).Itisawaytodescribethefeelingoffailingtorecognizeyouracplishmentsandwantingtocontinuedoingmore,evenwhenyou’rerunningonfumes.AuthorAnnaCodreaRadowhowroteanarticleaboutproductivitydysmorphiaclaimed“itisthepursuitofproductivitythatdrivesustodomorewhilerobbingusoftheabilitytoenjoyanysuccesswemightencounteralongtheway”.Highlypetitiveandjobledculturecontributetoconstantlypursuingproductivitythateatsawayatotherareasoflife.Infact,you’reoftenpraisedforputtingproductivityaboveyourwellbeing.Rememberhowschoolsrewardedperfectattendance?Similarly,paniespreferemployeeswhogetthemaximumworkdonewhiletakingthefewestpossiblebreaks.Rewardslikethesehavestrengthenedthatrestisbadandthatbeingconstantlyatworkistherightthingtodo.Plus,theproblemisn’tthatthebosstellsthemtodoit,butratherthattheyinternalizetheneedtoalwaysbeproductiveevenwhenthey’regoingsomewheretoenjoyleisuretime.Habitslikethesemaybebornoutofthesocialpressuretofindselfworthinworkachievements.Somewritershaveevenbegundescribingrestasproductive,asifpeopleshouldstoprelaxingifitdoesn’timproveperformanceinsomeway.Notonlydoesthismindsetmakeitdifficulttoviewandcelebrateyourachievements,butitalsopushesyoutobuildyourentirelifearoundwork.Theonlymilestonesthatmatterareachievingworkgoals.Theworstpart?There’snosenseoffulfillmentwhenyoureachthesegoals.8．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“runningonfumes”meaninParagraph1?A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Satisfied. D．Disappointed.9．Whichisthereasonforconstantlypursuingproductivity?A．Minorpetitiveness. B．Pressurefromjobs.C．Instructionsfromtheboss. D．Internalizedneeds.10．Whichmaybeanexampleofproductivitydysmorphia?A．Amanpletesworkinworkinghours. B．Amanenjoysleisuretimewithhisfamily.C．Awomanworkseverywhereatanytime. D．Awomanstopsforarelaxationregularly.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedescriptionofsomewriters?A．Favorable. B．Negative. C．Unconcerned. D．Neutral.【答案】8．A

9．D

10．C

11．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文說明了“生產(chǎn)力畸形”概念的產(chǎn)生，其形成的原因，以及對人們生活的影響。8．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbedoingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearingburnout?(你是否覺得自己應(yīng)該做更多的工作，盡管你已經(jīng)工作了很長時間，幾乎筋疲力盡了？)”以及畫線詞上文“Itisawaytodescribethefeelingoffailingtorecognizeyouracplishmentsandwantingtocontinuedoingmore,evenwhenyou’re”可知，生產(chǎn)力畸形是在你極度疲勞的狀態(tài)下，仍然想繼續(xù)工作，對自己已完成的工作沒有成就感的一種體驗(yàn)。故畫線詞意思是“疲憊的”。故選A項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Highlypetitiveandjobledculturecontributetoconstantlypursuingproductivitythateatsawayatotherareasoflife.(高度競爭和以工作為主導(dǎo)的文化有助于不斷追求生產(chǎn)力，從而侵蝕生活的其他領(lǐng)域)”和第四段“Plus,theproblemisn’tthatthebosstellsthemtodoit,butratherthattheyinternalizetheneedtoalwaysbeproductiveevenwhenthey’regoingsomewheretoenjoyleisuretime.(另外，問題不是老板讓他們這么做，而是他們把保持高效的需求內(nèi)化了，即使他們要去某個地方享受閑暇時間)”可知，內(nèi)化的需求是我們不斷追求生產(chǎn)力的原因，故選D項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyoufeellikeyoushouldbedoingmoredespiteworkingfullhoursandnearingburnout?Youmaybeexperiencingproductivitydysmorphia(生產(chǎn)力畸形).(你是否覺得自己應(yīng)該做更多的工作，盡管你已經(jīng)工作了很長時間，幾乎筋疲力盡了？你可能正在經(jīng)歷生產(chǎn)力畸形)”可推知，文章對“生產(chǎn)力畸形”的解釋——在極度疲勞的狀態(tài)下，仍然想繼續(xù)工作，對自己已完成的工作沒有成就感，故而“無論何時何地都在工作”符合定義，故選C項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somewritershaveevenbegundescribingrestasproductive,asifpeopleshouldstoprelaxingifitdoesn’timproveperformanceinsomeway.Notonlydoesthismindsetmakeitdifficulttoviewandcelebrateyourachievements,butitalsopushesyoutobuildyourentirelifearoundwork.Theonlymilestonesthatmatterareachievingworkgoals.Theworstpart?There’snosenseoffulfillmentwhenyoureachthesegoals.(一些作家甚至開始把休息描述為富有成效，仿佛如果休息不能在某種程度上提高工作表現(xiàn)，人們就應(yīng)該停止放松。這種心態(tài)不僅會讓你很難看到和慶祝你的成就，還會推動你圍繞工作建立整個生活。唯一重要的里程碑是實(shí)現(xiàn)工作目標(biāo)。最糟糕的是什么？當(dāng)你達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)時，你沒有成就感)”可推知，本文作者對一些作家的描述持否定態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。7.【2023屆江蘇南京市鹽城市第二次調(diào)研試題】Amongmyfriends,onetopicseemstodominateourconversations:bones.Itmakessense,giventhat20percentofAmericanwomenover50haveosteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松)andthatmorethanhalfhaveboneloss.Formen,thefiguresarelower:4percentandathird.Worldwide,oneoutofthreewomenover50andoneoutoffiveoldermenwilldevelopafracture(骨折).Anotherreasonfortheendlessargumentaboutboneproblemsismassconfusionoverhowbesttostrengthenyourbonesandwhetherdietreallymakesadifference.Dietresearchisalwaysmessy,andstudyresultsonnutritionandbonehealthhaven’tbeenconsistent.Butgraduallysomeclarityisemerging.Aswedrawupresolutionsforwhattoeat,it’susefultolookatnewdataonvitaminD．Calciumisthekeyclementforbuildingbones,andvitaminDhelpstoabsorbcalciumfromthefoodwecat,sodoctorsoftenremendDsupplements(補(bǔ)充劑)tomakeupforagerelatedboneloss.ButarecentstudyfoundthattakingDsupplementsforfiveyearsdidnotreducetherateoffracturesinseniors.Thatresultbuiltonearlierfindings,ledbythesameteam,thatthesesupplementsdonotimprovebonedensity(密度).“FoodandsunexposurelikelyprovideenoughvitaminDforhealthyadults,”saysMerylLeBoff,wholedthestudy.Whatdoeshelpmaintainstrongbonesforallofus?Theeasyanswerisfoodhighincalcium,suchasmilkandtofu.Gettingitfromfoodisbest,LeBoffsays,“becausetherearesomanyothernutrients(營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)),andyouhaveamorecontinuousabsorptionthanwithDsupplements.”Theotherkeyelementofbonehealthinvolvescaloriesoutratherthancaloriesin.Weightbearingexercisestimulatesboneformationthroughoutlife.Sowhilefocusingonbetternutritionalchoices,addmoreexercisetoyourdailymenu.32．Whatdothestatistics