2025年全國新高考II卷高考全國二卷真題英語試卷（真題+答案）

絕密★啟用前2025年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國二卷)英語本試卷共150分，共12頁。考試結(jié)束后，將本試題和答題卡一并交回。注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆記清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.HowwillthewomanprobablygettoBaxley?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Havesomedessert.B.Paythebill.C.Cancelthetrip.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacomputer.B.Doingresearch.C.Savingmoney.4.Whatistheman’smajor?A.Psychology.B.Biology.C.English.5.WhatdoesLindasuggest?A.Buyingasportswatch.B.BorrowingMary’swatch.C.Gettingthewatchrepaired.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydoesPetermakethecall?A.Toarrangeavisit.B.Toextendaninvitation.C.Toconfirmanappointment.7.WherewillthespeakersmeetonTuesdayevening?A.Atthetheatre.B.Atasnackbar.C.AtDelia’soffice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatdoesSamsayabouthisdaughter?A.Shedislikesdoinghomework.B.Sheoveruseshersmartphone.C.Shefeelslonelyatschool.9.WhatisSam’sattitudetowardstheschoolpolicies?A.Supportive.B.Uncertain.C.Disapproving.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Touristandguide.B.Husbandandwife.C.Trainerandtrainee.11.Whocameupwiththeideaofgoingrockclimbing?A.Billy.B.Karen.C.Max.12.WhatisJessie’splanfortomorrow?A.Goinghorsebackriding.B.Playingtabletennis.C.Rowingonthelake.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidFrankdobeforecomingtoSusanna?A.Hewenttoatechfair.B.Hesignedacontract.C.Hehadajobinterview.14.WhatdoesFrankhopetoget?A.Apromotion.B.Avacation.C.Abonus.15.WhenwillFrankknowtheresultfromhiscompany?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.16.WhoisSusanna?A.Frank’sclient.B.Frank’slawyer.C.Frank’sboss.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoistheMiniCampintendedfor?A.Four-year-olds.B.Five-year-olds.C.Six-year-olds.18.WhichactivitydoestheOlderSummerCamporganize?A.Museumvisits.B.Bowlinggames.C.Familygatherings.19.Whatisarequirementforjoiningthefieldtrips?A.Campingexperience.B.Parentalpermission.C.Swimmingskills.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Collectfees.B.Answerquestions.C.Showashortvideo.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEnglishMarketTownstoVisitintheUKEnglishmarkettownscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Eachhasapersonalityshapedbythegoodsandservicesproducedandtradedforcenturies.Buteachtownhasmoretodothanshop.Hereford,HerefordshireHerefordhasremainedalivelymarkettownsince1189.Skirtingthetownsquare,you’llfindlovelyshops,eateries,andtheBlackandWhiteHouseMuseum.TheHerefordCathedralisthemostimpressivebuildingintown.It’salsohometoanancientlibrary.OneofthefouroriginalcopiesoftheMagnaCartaisdisplayedthere.Ludlow,ShropshireLudlowisknownastheFoodieCenterofEngland.Butchershops,greengrocers,bakeries,andcheeseshopslinethetownsquare.Borderingthesquare,theLudlowCastleisa“mustexplore”medievalstronghold.Thethree-dayLudlowFoodFestivalisheldeachSeptember.Shrewsbury,ShropshireGettingtoShrewsburyTownCenterfromLondonischallengingbutworththeanxiety.TheRiverSevernhasasignificantturnthroughtown,almostmakinganislandofShrewsburyTownCenter.Theshapecreatesaperfectmarketwheregoodscouldbeshippedandreceivedusingtheriverasahighway.Flowersareeverywhere-hangingbaskets,windowboxes,andplanters-justwhatyouimagineinanattractiveEnglishmarkettown.Mevagissey,CornwallEvenifyouhaven’tbeentothesmallfishingvillageMevagissey,you’veprobablyseenitinamovieorBritishTVshow.Theworkingharbor(港口)tookshapein1774.Fishermengoouttoseadailyandselltheirfishinharbor-sidemarkets.Don’tleavetheharborwithoutatraditionalComishpie.It’sdelicious.1.WherecanyoufindanoriginalcopyoftheMagnaCarta?A.IntheLudlowCastle. B.IntheFoodieCenterofEngland.C.IntheHerefordCathedral. D.IntheBlackandWhiteHouseMuseum.2.WhatisafeatureofShrewsburyTownCenter?A.It’ssituatednearabigisland. B.It’salmostsurroundedbywater.C.It’sknownforitsflowerfestival. D.It’seasilyaccessiblefromLondon.3.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestvisitorsdoinMevagissey?A.TrytheCornishpie. B.WatchaBritishTVshow.CGofishinginthesea. D.Takepicturesoftheharbor.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了英國值得一游的四個市場小鎮(zhèn)及其特色和亮點?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hereford,Herefordshire部分“TheHerefordCathedralisthemostimpressivebuildingintown.It’salsohometoanancientlibrary.OneofthefouroriginalcopiesoftheMagnaCartaisdisplayedthere.(赫里福德大教堂是鎮(zhèn)上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它也是一個古老圖書館的所在地。大憲章的四份原始副本之一就在那里展出)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到大憲章的原始副本。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shrewsbury,Shropshire部分“TheRiverSevernhasasignificantturnthroughtown,almostmakinganislandofShrewsburyTownCenter.Theshapecreatesaperfectmarketwheregoodscouldbeshippedandreceivedusingtheriverasahighway.(塞文河在鎮(zhèn)中有一個重要的轉(zhuǎn)彎，幾乎使什魯斯伯里鎮(zhèn)中心變成了一個島嶼。這種地形創(chuàng)造了一個完美的市場，可以利用河流作為高速公路來運輸和接收貨物)”可知，什魯斯伯里鎮(zhèn)中心幾乎被水包圍。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mevagissey,Cornwall部分“Don’tleavetheharborwithoutatraditionalComishpie.It’sdelicious..(離開港口前一定要嘗嘗傳統(tǒng)的康沃爾餡餅。它很美味)”可知，作者建議游客在梅瓦吉西一定要嘗嘗康沃爾餡餅。故選A項。BKathyHoteacheshighschoolinsideLucilePackardChildren’sHospitalStanford(LPCH).“SometimesIdon’tlikesayingthatI’mateacher,”saysHo.“Peoplegetintheirmindsanideaofwhatteachersdo,butthat’snotreallywhatitishere.”“Here”isroom386,whereeachyear,about500LPCHpatientsalsobecomestudents.Thehospitalschoolisfreeofparents,doctors,andmedicalprocedures.It’saplaceoflearning.AbouthalfofHo’sstudentsstayforaweekorless;othersarethereformorethanayear.MostofHo’sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.Still,inroom386,academicsdon’tcomefirst.Physicalhealthandmentalhealtharethepriority.“Ifyou’rescaredaboutsomethingandthinkingonlyaboutthat,there’snowayyou’regoingtobeabletolearn,”Hosays.“I’macoach,anadviser,andacomforter,andthat’swhatitmeanstobeahospitalteacher.”Thereareupto30studentsatanygiventimeinHo’sclass.Shegenerallyworkswiththeirregularteacherstogetlessonsandtestsbeingusedattheirhomeschools.Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.“Theythinktheirteachersdon’tcareabouttheirschoolwork.”Horecognizesthepsychologicalbenefitofhelpingkidskeepupwiththeirpeers(同齡人)outsidethehospital.“Iactuallythinkthemedicineisonlyasmallpieceforsomeproblems,”saysJulieGood,directorofpainmanagementservicesatLPCH.“It’saboutproblem-solvingaroundwhatitmeanstohaveafulllife.Thosekidshavedreams.Schoolcankeepthosedreamsalivebygivingkidsawaytolearnandgrow.”4.WhodoesHoteachatLPCH?A.Sickchildren. B.Youngnurses.C.Medicalstudents. D.Patients’parents.5.WhatisacharacteristicofHo’sjob?A.Prioritizingacademics. B.Encouraginginnovation.C.Treatingvariousdiseases. D.Playingmultipleroles.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A.Offeringregularlessons. B.Payingextraattention.C.Assigningnoschoolwork. D.Showingnosympathy.7.HowdoesthehospitalschoolbenefitthestudentsaccordingtoGood?A.Iteasespeerpressure. B.Ithelpsthemliveinhope.C.Itfreesthemfromaches. D.Itentertainsthemwithstories.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了KathyHo在露西爾?帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院斯坦福分院（LPCH）擔(dān)任教師的工作情況，介紹了醫(yī)院學(xué)校學(xué)生的情況、她工作的特點以及醫(yī)院學(xué)校對學(xué)生的益處。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Here”isroom386,whereeachyear,about500LPCHpatientsalsobecomestudents.Thehospitalschoolisfreeofparents,doctors,andmedicalprocedures.It’saplaceoflearning.AbouthalfofHo’sstudentsstayforaweekorless;othersarethereformorethanayear.MostofHo’sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.(“這里”指的是386室，每年約有500名露西爾?帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院斯坦福分院（LPCH）的患者在這里成為學(xué)生。這所醫(yī)院學(xué)校里沒有家長、醫(yī)生，也沒有醫(yī)療程序。它是一個學(xué)習(xí)的地方。Ho老師的學(xué)生中，大約一半的人在這里待一周或更短時間，其他人則會待一年以上。大多數(shù)學(xué)生最終會康復(fù)，這意味著，幫助他們做好重返學(xué)校的準備，成為護理工作中越來越重要的一部分)”可知，Ho在LPCH教生病的孩子。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“I’macoach,anadviser,andacomforter,andthat’swhatitmeanstobeahospitalteacher.(我是一名教練、一名顧問和一名安慰者，這就是作為一名醫(yī)院教師的意義)”可知，Ho工作的一個特點是扮演多種角色。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeitisadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.(一些老師不給孩子們布置任何作業(yè)，而是表達同情。Ho說：“我覺得這對孩子們是一種傷害”)”可推知，“it”指的是不給孩子們布置作業(yè)這件事。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中JulieGood所說的“It’saboutproblem-solvingaroundwhatitmeanstohaveafulllife.Thosekidshavedreams.Schoolcankeepthosedreamsalivebygivingkidsawaytolearnandgrow.(這關(guān)乎圍繞“如何擁有充實的生活”來解決問題。那些孩子擁有夢想，而學(xué)校能通過為他們提供學(xué)習(xí)和成長的途徑，讓這些夢想得以延續(xù))”可推知，Good認為醫(yī)院學(xué)校通過讓孩子保持學(xué)習(xí)和成長，幫助他們維系夢想，即幫助他們生活在希望中。故選B。CWhenSonjaDetrinidadopenedheronlineshopsellinghouseplants,shedidn’thavehighhopesforit.Buttheoppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippingout1,200ordersinJuneof2020alone.Inthepastyear,Detrinidadsentoutmorethan70,000plants.Hersuccessisjustoneexampleofincreasedtimeathomeleadingtoanexplosioninthehouseplantindustry.“Plantsareinfashionrightnow,”saysDr.MelindaKnuth,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofFlorida.“Peoplewholiveinplant-richenvironmentsreportahigherlifesatisfactionrating,”shesays.“Addingmorenaturetoourenvironmentcanchangeourmoodandhowwethink.”Plantscanimproveourstateofmindinafewwaysbutthebiggestisbydecreasingourlevelofcortisol,thestresshormone(激素)inourbody.“Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants,”saysKnuth.“Thisproductivityalsotranslatesintotheworkplaceforadults.Ourstudyshowedthattherewasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”Ifyou’reamongthegroupsofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthementalandphysicalhealthbenefitsofsurroundingyourselfwithplants,don’tbeatyourselfupifone(orafew!)doesn’tmakeit.“Doctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosustainaplant.Tendingtoplantsisanexerciseinpatienceandlearning.Beinvestedintakingcareofit,butifitdies,gogetanotherone,”Detrinidadsays.8.HowwasDetrinidad’sbusinesswhenitstarted?A.Itfacedtoughcompetition. B.Itsufferedagreatloss.C.Itgotlotsoffinancialsupport. D.Itwentsurprisinglywell.9.WhatisoneofKnuth’sfindingsaboutplants?A.Theyappealmoretostudents. B.Theypurifytheenvironment.C.Theyraisethecortisollevel. D.Theyenhanceproductivity.10.WhatdoesDetrinidadtrytoexplainbymentioningdoctorsandlawyers?A.Thenecessityofsocialskills. B.Themeaningofsustainability.C.Theimportanceofrepeatedefforts. D.Thevalueofprofessionalopinions.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TimetoReplaceHouseplants B.PlantsBoostYourMoodC.TipsonChoosingHouseplants D.PlantsBrightenYourHome【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過Detrinidad的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷和專家研究，說明室內(nèi)植物對人們心理健康和工作效率的積極影響，以及近年來居家趨勢推動了室內(nèi)植物產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenSonjaDetrinidadopenedheronlineshopsellinghouseplants,shedidn’thavehighhopesforit.Buttheoppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippingout1,200ordersinJuneof2020alone.(當(dāng)SonjaDetrinidad開設(shè)她的網(wǎng)店售賣室內(nèi)植物時，她并沒有抱太大的期望。但結(jié)果卻恰恰相反：她的生意火爆，僅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份訂單)”可知，SonjaDetrinidad剛開始開網(wǎng)店賣室內(nèi)植物時，并沒有抱太大希望，但實際情況是訂單很多，生意出奇地好。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants,”saysKnuth.“Thisproductivityalsotranslatesintotheworkplaceforadults.Ourstudyshowedthattherewasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”(Knuth表示：“在有植物的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生，其學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)要優(yōu)于在沒有植物的教室中學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生?！薄斑@種生產(chǎn)力的提升同樣適用于成年人的職場環(huán)境。我們的研究表明，在植物豐富的辦公場所工作的人，其病假率降低了30%?！?”可知，Knuth的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，接觸植物的學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)更好，成年人在植物豐富的工作環(huán)境中生產(chǎn)率提高，病假率降低30%。因此，“植物能提升生產(chǎn)率”是她的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的““Doctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosustainaplant.Tendingtoplantsisanexerciseinpatienceandlearning.Beinvestedintakingcareofit,butifitdies,gogetanotherone,”Detrinidadsays.(Detrinidad說：“醫(yī)生需要不斷實踐醫(yī)術(shù)，律師需要持續(xù)精進法律實務(wù)，而養(yǎng)護植物同樣需要給自己練習(xí)的機會。照料植物是一種培養(yǎng)耐心和學(xué)習(xí)的過程。要用心呵護它，但如果它枯萎了，就再養(yǎng)一株新的?！?”可知，Detrinidad通過類比醫(yī)生和律師需要不斷實踐來強調(diào)“照顧植物需要反復(fù)嘗試”。她認為養(yǎng)植物失敗是正常的，重要的是持續(xù)努力。由此推斷，她提到醫(yī)生和律師是為了解釋“重復(fù)努力的重要性”。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功為例引出室內(nèi)植物行業(yè)的興起，第二段至第三段通過Knuth的研究說明植物能通過降低皮質(zhì)醇水平改善心情、提升生產(chǎn)率，第四段鼓勵人們嘗試養(yǎng)植物。全文核心圍繞“植物對情緒和健康的積極影響”展開。選項B“PlantsBoostYourMood(植物改善你的情緒)”最能概括文章主旨，適合作為文章的標題。故選B。DDoesyoursouldiealittleeverytimeyouthrowawayunusedfood?Minedoes.MaybethatfeelingcomesfromgrowingupinSouthAfrica,wherethephrase“therearechildrenstarvinginAfrica”wasmoreofanuncomfortablereminderoffactthanaprayeratdinnertime.Foodwasteisagrowingconcernintherestaurant,supermarket,andsupplychainindustries.Fromtechnologicalsolutionstoeducationalcampaigns,foodproducersandsellersarelookingforwaystousemoreofwhatwe’realreadygrowing.Butlastmonth,onepopularNewYorkCityrestauranttriedadifferentway:Itchangeditsmenutoexclusively(專門)offerfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.FortwoweeksinMarch,GreenwichVillage’sBlueHillrestaurantwasrenamedwastED,andserveditemslikefriedskatecartilage,ajuicepulpburger,andadumpsterdiver’svegetablesalad.Eachdishwastailor-madetoraiseawarenessregardingfoodwaste.AstudybytheFoodWasteAlliancedeterminedthattheaveragerestaurantgenerates33poundsoffoodwasteforeveryS1,000inrevenue(收入),andofthatwasteonly15.7%isdonatedorrecycled.Upto84.3%issimplythrownout.RestaurantslikeSilointheUKhaveexperimentedwithzero-wastesystems,butwastEDtooktheconcepttoitslogicalconclusion.ItshouldbenotedthatnoneoftheitemsonwastED’smenuwastechnicallymadefromgarbage.Instead,alltheingredients(配料)usedwereexamplesofmeatcutsandproducethatmostrestaurantswouldneverconsiderserving.Thingslikekaleribs,fishcollars,rejectedsweetpotatoes,andcucumberbuttswereallre-appropriatedand,withthehelpofanumberofgoodchefs,turnedintoexcellentcuisine.ThoughwastEDreceivedenthusiasticreviews,itwasdesignedfromthestartasashort-livedexperiment;BlueHillhassincereturnedtoitsregularmenu.Nevertheless,itservesasareminderthattherearemanywaystoaddressproblemsofsustainability,andthatyoucanmakeanamazingmealoutofalmostanything.12.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’searlylife?A.Hewitnessedfoodshortage. B.Heenjoyedthelocalcuisine.C.HedonatedfoodtoAfricans. D.Hehelpedtocookathome.13.WhydidBlueHillcarryouttheexperiment?A.Tocustomizedishesforguests. B.Tomakethepublicawareoffoodwaste.C.Totestafoodprocessingmethod. D.ToimprovetheUK’szero-wastesystems.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Whytheingredientswereused. B.Whichdisheswerebestliked.C.Whatthedishesweremadeof. D.Wheretheingredientswerebought.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutwastED?A.Ithasendedasplanned. B.Itiscreatingnewjobs.C.Ithasregainedpopularity. D.Itiscriticizedbytopchefs.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了食物浪費問題，并以紐約一家餐廳的短期實驗項目“wastED”為例，該餐廳通過創(chuàng)意改造本該被丟棄的食材制作菜品，以此提高人們對可持續(xù)飲食的關(guān)注?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MaybethatfeelingcomesfromgrowingupinSouthAfricawherethephrase“therearechildrenstarvinginAfrica”wasmoreofanuncomfortablereminderoffactthanaprayeratdinnertime.(也許這種感覺來自于在南非長大，在那里，“非洲還有孩子在挨餓”這句話更像是一個令人不安的事實提醒，而不是晚餐時的祈禱。)”可知，作者在南非長大，那里有孩子挨餓是事實，由此可推斷作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情況。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Eachdishwastailor-madetoraiseawarenessregardingfoodwaste.(每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人們對食物浪費的認識。)”可知，BlueHill餐廳進行這個實驗，將菜單改為只提供原本會被扔掉的食物，是為了提高公眾對食物浪費的認識。故選B。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“ItshouldbenotedthatnoneoftheitemsonwastED’smenuwastechnicallymadefromgarbage.Instead,alltheingredients(配料)usedwereexamplesofmeatcutsandproducethatmostrestaurantswouldneverconsiderserving.Thingslikekaleribs,fishcollars,rejectedsweetpotatoes,andcucumberbuttswereallre-appropriatedand,withthehelpofnumberofgoodchefs,turnedintoexcellentcuisine.(值得注意的是，從技術(shù)上講，《浪費》的菜單上沒有一項是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多數(shù)餐館永遠不會考慮供應(yīng)的肉塊和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。羽衣甘藍排骨、魚領(lǐng)、被拒絕的紅薯和黃瓜尾部等東西都被重新利用，在許多優(yōu)秀廚師的幫助下，變成了美味的菜肴。)”可知，本段主要介紹了wastED菜單上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘藍肋、魚頸肉、被拒收的紅薯和黃瓜尾等，所以該段主要講的是這些菜肴是由什么做成的。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThoughwastEDreceivedenthusiasticreviews,itwasdesignedfromthestartasashort-livedexperiment;BlueHillhassincereturnedtoitsregularmenu.(盡管wastED獲得了熱烈的評價，但它從一開始就被設(shè)計成一個短暫的實驗；此后，藍山餐廳恢復(fù)了常規(guī)菜單。)”可知，wastED從一開始就被設(shè)計為短期實驗，現(xiàn)在BlueHill餐廳已恢復(fù)常規(guī)菜單，從而推斷，它已經(jīng)按計劃結(jié)束了。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。UnexpectedBenefitsofVolunteeringasaFamilyAreyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?___16___Youmayknowthe“feel-good”emotionsthatcomewithhelpingothers,butthereareevenmoreunexpectedwaysvolunteeringwillpositivelyaffectthewholefamily.●You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.Peopleoftenfeeltheyaretoobusytovolunteer.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.___17___●Youcanlivelongerifyouvolunteerregularly.___18___WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.Volunteersarealsomorelikelytolookaftertheirownhealthandaremorefocusedonaddingphysicalactivityintotheirlives.●___19___Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectateen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.●You’llhavemoretimewithfamily.Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.___20___Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.And,therearetasksforeveryageandability,soallyourchildrencanfeelproudoftheirwork.A.Helpingthecommunitylowersratesofdepression.B.Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.C.Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.D.Volunteeringcanbethefirststepinbreakingdownprejudice.E.Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.F.Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhasatalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.G.Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹家庭共同參與志愿活動帶來的意外好處，包括感覺時間更充裕、促進身體健康、對青少年產(chǎn)生長遠積極影響以及增進家庭互動等?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Areyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?(你在尋找讓家人團聚的方法嗎？希望找到一個大人和小孩都能參與的愛好嗎？)”可知，此處以提問方式引出家庭共同活動的需求，空格處需給出解決方案。B選項“Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.(全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的。)”中的“Volunteeringasafamily”直接回應(yīng)“bringyourfamilytogether”和“sharedhobby”，引出下文對家庭志愿活動好處的具體說明，符合語境。故選B項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)段落主題句“You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.(你會覺得自己有更多時間。)”及上文“Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.(然而，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，把時間投入到社區(qū)事業(yè)中實際上會讓你覺得自己擁有更多時間。)”可知，需解釋“感覺時間更多”的原因。G選項“Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.(志愿活動讓你感覺有能力，并激勵你充分利用每一天。)”中的“makesyoufeelcapable”和“inspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday”從心理層面解釋了為何志愿活動會讓人產(chǎn)生時間更充裕的感覺，與“feellikeyouhavemoretime”形成因果關(guān)聯(lián)。故選G項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.(華盛頓大學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)，55歲及以上的志愿者比同齡人的記憶力更好，整體健康狀況保持得更久。)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活動對成年人身體健康的益處。E選項“Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.(對成年人來說，志愿活動可以帶來顯著的身體健康益處。)”中的“Foradults”對應(yīng)“adults55andolder”，“physicalhealthbenefits”概括了“bettermemory”和“maintainedoverallhealth”，與本段的主題吻合。故選E項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.(青少年時期參與志愿服務(wù)已被證實與一些重要的積極影響相關(guān)，例如成績提升和自信心增強。這些影響并非只是短期的，而是已被證明會在未來數(shù)年持續(xù)影響青少年的身心健康。)”可知，本段主題為志愿活動對青少年的長期影響。C選項“Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.(志愿活動對兒童和青少年有終身影響。)”中的“l(fā)ifelongeffect”對應(yīng)“affectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome”，“onkidsandteenagers”覆蓋段落討論的年齡群體，符合段落主旨。故選C項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.(一起做志愿者的家庭有朝著共同目標努力的獨特經(jīng)歷。)”及下文“Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.(每個人都能帶來獨特的東西，并能以新的方式相互聯(lián)系。)”可知，需補充家庭志愿活動中成員間的具體互動。F選項“Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhastalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.(你甚至可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的孩子有你以前不知道的天賦。)”中的“l(fā)earnthatyourkidhastalent”體現(xiàn)“Everyonebringssomethingunique”，且“inanewway”對應(yīng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子未知天賦”的新穎體驗，銜接上下文。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。EvelynDonohueisa65-year-oldgrandma.Sheonlystartedto___21___sevenyearsagoafterhavinga___22___call.She’dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues,which___23___ledhertogettingsurgery.Afterthatexperience,sheknewthatsheneededtomakea___24___.Determinedtoturnherlifearound,MsDonohuebegantoworkoutandfollowa___25___lifestyle,beforediscoveringa___26___forweightlifting.Sincesettingoutonthejourney,the___27___loverhasnotonlymanagedto___28___animpressivesetofmuscles—butalsoahugefollowingonsocialmedia.Thewell-likedgrandmaregularlypostsworkoutcontent,explainingthere’sno___29___otherscan’tlookthisgood.Shesaiditwasalldowntosomekeyaspects.“Holdon:Considerfailureasa___30___tosuccessandnevergiveup.Sticktoyourplan,”shesaid.“___31___others:Liftothersuponyourjourney.Successissweeterwhen___32___.”Shepreviouslyexplainedthat“youdonotneedtohaveanamazingbodytoexercise...the___33___istofeelgood,notlookgood.”MsDonohueusedtobelaughedatforbeingtoooldtoworkout,butshehasprovedthe___34___wronginthebestpossiblewayandhasindeedbecomean___35___ormanysocialmediausers.21.A.write B.travel C.exercise D.recover22.A.goodwill B.timeout C.long-distance D.wake-up23.A.normally B.ultimately C.suddenly D.automatically24.A.change B.fortune C.wish D.deal25.A.risky B.traditional C.comfortable D.healthy26.A.demand B.secret C.passion D.cure27.A.peace B.fitness C.fun D.nature28.A.grow B.control C.activate D.relax29.A.need B.choice C.reason D.difference30.A.greenlight B.roadblock C.passingmark D.steppingstone31.A.Help B.Consult C.Follow D.Forgive32.A.accepted B.shared C.expected D.celebrated33.A.goal B.case C.duty D.cost34.A.instructors B.admirers C.beginners D.doubters35.A.authority B.excuse C.inspiration D.option【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位65歲的老奶奶堅持健身，積極健康改變自己的生活，消除網(wǎng)絡(luò)質(zhì)疑的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一個警醒電話后，她才開始鍛煉身體。A.write寫作；B.travel旅行；C.

exercise鍛煉；D.recover康復(fù)。根據(jù)下文的“ Determinedtoturnherlifearound,MsDonohuebegantoworkout...”可知，此處指老奶奶開始鍛煉身體。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一個警醒電話后，她才開始鍛煉身體。A.goodwill善意、友好；B.timeout超時；C.long-distance長途；D.wake-up喚醒。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)后文“She’dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues”可推知，此處指這是一次“警醒”老奶奶的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她一直在與飲食失調(diào)和健康問題作斗爭，最終導(dǎo)致她接受了手術(shù)。A.normally通常；B.ultimately最終；C.suddenly突然；D.

automatically自動地。根據(jù)上文“She’dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues”以及下文“l(fā)edhertogettingsurgery”可推知，此處指健康問題最終導(dǎo)致手術(shù)。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那次經(jīng)歷之后，她知道她需要做出改變。A.change改變；B.fortune幸運；C.wish愿望；D.deal交易。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)edhertogettingsurgery”及后文“turnherlifearound”可推知，此處指她經(jīng)歷過手術(shù)后領(lǐng)悟到了自己需要改變。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Donohue女士決心改變生活，開始鍛煉身體并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她發(fā)現(xiàn)了對舉重的熱愛。A.risky有風(fēng)險的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.comfortable舒適的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“MsDonohuebegantoworkout”可推知，此處指她選擇健康的生活方式。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Donohue女士決心改變生活，開始鍛煉身體并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她發(fā)現(xiàn)了對舉重的熱愛。A.demand要求；B.secret秘密；C.passion激情，熱情；D.cure療法、藥物。根據(jù)上文“MsDonohuebegantoworkoutandfollowa

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lifestyle”以及下文的“forweightlifting”可推知，此處指她積極鍛煉身體，對舉重產(chǎn)生了熱情，apassionforsth.意為“對某事充滿熱情”。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從踏上這段旅程以來，這位健身愛好者不僅產(chǎn)生了令人驚嘆的肌肉，還在社交媒體上收獲了龐大的粉絲群。A.peace和平；B.fitness健身；C.fun樂趣；D.

nature自然。根據(jù)下文“workoutcontent”可推知，此處指她是健身愛好者。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自從踏上這段旅程以來，這位健身愛好者不僅產(chǎn)生了令人驚嘆的肌肉，還在社交媒體上收獲了龐大的粉絲群。A.grow形成，產(chǎn)生；B.control控制；C.activate激活；D.relax放松。根據(jù)下文“animpressivesetofmuscles”可推知，此處指她練出肌肉，即產(chǎn)生肌肉。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位受人喜愛的奶奶定期發(fā)布健身內(nèi)容，并解釋說其他人沒理由不能看起來這么好。A.need需要；B.choice選擇；C.reason理由；D.difference差異。根據(jù)上文“no”以及下文“otherscan’tlookthisgood”可推知，此處指她認為自己可以做到，沒有理由別人不能做到。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：堅持下去：把失敗當(dāng)作通往成功的墊腳石，永不放棄。A.greenlight綠燈；B.roadblock路障；C.passingmark通過標志；D.steppingstone踏腳石。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)上文“Thewell-likedgrandmaregularlypostsworkoutcontent,expl