Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures

1Studentswillgraspthestructureandusagerulesofthepresentperfectpassivevoice,anddistinguishitfromothertensesinpassiveforms.2Studentswillbeabletoaccuratelyapplythepresentperfectpassivevoiceincontextssuchastimeandconditionalclauses,anduseitproficientlyinwrittenandoralexpressions.LearningObjectivesTeachingFocusMasterthestructuralrulesofthepresentperfectpassivevoiceanditsapplicationinexpressingactionscompletedwithcurrentrelevanceorcontinuouseffects.TeachingChallengesDifferentiatethepresentperfectpassivevoicefromthepresentperfectactivevoiceandthefutureperfectpassivevoice,especiallyincomplexclauseswheretensesubstitutionoccurs.TeachingFocusandTeachingChallengesPart1Lead-inLead-inEnjoythesong！Letmeknowifwe’reonLetmeknowifwe’reoffLetmeknowI’msittinghereinthemiddleoftheroadWithmyclothesonmybackwonderingwhereI’mgonnagoThrowntothegroundnotaloverbutagirlLookingbackatthedayswhenIdidn’tknowtheworldLead-inEnjoythesong！I’________________bythewaysideGotdraggedoutbytheriptideTakemebacktothedaylightIknownowwhatitistoSinksolowthatyoucan’tmoveI’_______________byyouI________________byyouLetmeknowwhattodoIsitallgoneforyouvebeenthrownvebeenparalysed’vebeenparalysedPart2Thepresentperfectpassivevoice現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的影響Thetrainhasleft.（火車已經(jīng)開走了→現(xiàn)在趕不上了）Shehascookeddinner.（她做完飯了→現(xiàn)在可以吃了）pastfuturenow現(xiàn)在完成時時間狀語already

已經(jīng)(肯定句)

yet

已經(jīng)（否定句或者疑問句）recently/lately最近sincethen

從那時起eversince

自那以來

ever曾經(jīng)sofar

迄今為止

foralongtime很長一段時間bynow

到現(xiàn)在為止

inrecentyears

在最近幾年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在過去的幾年里現(xiàn)在完成時2.表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for（持續(xù)一段時間）或since（從過去某一時間點(diǎn)開始）連用。

Theyhavelivedherefor10years.（至今仍住在這里）?Hehasworkedatthecompanysince2015.（從2015年工作到現(xiàn)在）pastfuturenow現(xiàn)在完成時3.表示剛剛完成的動作（just/recently）Thetrainhasleft.（火車已經(jīng)開走了→現(xiàn)在趕不上了）Shehascookeddinner.（她做完飯了→現(xiàn)在可以吃了）4.表示經(jīng)歷（曾做過某事），常與ever（曾經(jīng)）或never（從未）連用。HaveyoueverbeentoParis?（詢問經(jīng)歷）Ihavenevereatensushi.（至今未嘗試過）定義：表示動作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，且主語是動作的承受者?，F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)present(now)futurepast主語Anenemyhasbeenslain.助動詞，無意義V-ed(過去分詞)+have/has+現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的不同形式肯定式主語＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主語＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑問式Have/Has＋主語＋beendone...？特殊疑問式特殊疑問詞＋have/has＋主語＋beendone...？現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成have/has＋been＋done現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)Readthepairsofsentences.Underlineandcomparethedifferentverbforms.Jan’slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan’slife.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.主動主動被動被動現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)Changethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)Changethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?Hasacommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?4.Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)核心用法①

現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)同它的主動語態(tài)一樣，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,just,never,ever等副詞連用。Thenewlibraryhasbeenbuilt.（圖書館已建成，現(xiàn)在可以使用）Thereporthasalreadybeensubmitted.（報(bào)告已提交，現(xiàn)在無需再處理）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的基本用法②表示一個被動的動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與for+時間段或since+時間點(diǎn)連用（此時動詞需為延續(xù)性動詞），或用于“Howlong...?”句型中。Themachinehasbeenusedforfiveyears.（機(jī)器已使用五年，仍在使用中）Thehousehasbeenownedbythefamilysince2000.（房子自2000年起歸該家庭所有）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的基本用法③用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來已完成的動作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)代替將來完成時的被動語態(tài)。Whenthereporthasbeensubmitted,wecanstartthenextproject.（等報(bào)告被提交后，我們就可以開始下一個項(xiàng)目。）Ifthepackagehasbeendeliveredby3PM,Iwillsignforit.（如果包裹在下午3點(diǎn)前被送達(dá)，我會簽收。）注意1.不可用于被動語態(tài)的動詞：靜態(tài)動詞（表示狀態(tài)、情感或所屬關(guān)系）：have（有）,belong,love,know,seem等；不及物動詞（無賓語）：arrive,happen,die,occur等。?Mypenhasbeenbelongedtomeforyears.?Theaccidenthasbeenhappenedrecently.注意2.與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句現(xiàn)在完成時被動have/hasbeendone動作已完成，對現(xiàn)在有影響Thecakehasbeeneaten.（蛋糕已被吃完）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動am/is/arebeingdone動作正在進(jìn)行中Thecakeisbeingeaten.（蛋糕正在被吃）注意3.與一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)所表示的動作或狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系，而現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系。Themuseumwasopenedtothepubliclastyear.去年這家博物館向公眾開放。(說明動作發(fā)生于過去)Themuseumhasbeenopenedtothepublic.這家博物館已向公眾開放。(說明動作發(fā)生于過去，但對現(xiàn)在有影響，即現(xiàn)在公園已經(jīng)開放了)注意4.特殊短語/動詞的被動語態(tài)：動詞+介詞/副詞（如lookafter,takecareof）：介詞/副詞不可省略；含雙賓語的動詞（如give,send）：可將“間接賓語（人）或直接賓語（物）”變?yōu)橹髡Z。Theoldmanhasbeenlookedafterbyhisson.（不可省略after）Shehasbeengivenaprize.（=Aprizehasbeengiventoher.）注意5.帶有復(fù)合賓語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，只能將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，原來的賓補(bǔ)改為主語補(bǔ)足語。注意：原來作賓補(bǔ)的省略to的不定式在被動語態(tài)中要用帶to的不定式。Ihavetoldthemtohelpyou.→Theyhavebeentoldtohelpyou.Themanagerhasnevermadetheemployeesworkdayandnight.

→Theemployeeshaveneverbeenmadetoworkdayandnight.

Summary現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)含義結(jié)構(gòu)表示動作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，且主語是動作的承受者。have/hasbeendone形式肯定式否定式疑問式have/hasbeendonehave/hasnotbeendone一般疑問：Have/Has+主語+beendone?特殊疑問：特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+beendone?用法強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果表示開始于過去并可能持續(xù)下去的被動動作用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來已完成的動作Part3Exercise1.Overthepastfouryears,morethan$10million________________(spend)carryingouttheproject.2.Manybuildingsinthiscity__________________(not,build)yet.3.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey______________(teach)manytimesontheradio.4.Allthepreparationsforthetask__________________(complete),andwe’rereadytostart.5.Nowallthetrees______________(plant)bystudents.havebeentaughthavebeencompletedhavenotbeenbuilthavebeenplantedhavebeenspent請將下列句子轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的被動語