新一代大學英語（第二版）綜合教程1-U3-教師用書 Unit 3 Culture Counts

新一代大學英語（第二版）綜合教程新一代大學英語（第二版）綜合教程1教師用書PAGEPAGE39Unit3CultureCountsiPrepareAboutthetopicThisunitisdesignedtointroduceSstoculture-relatedtopics,withafocusoncross-culturalcommunication.Itaimsatenhancingtheirculturalawareness,understanding,andtolerance.Ssareencouragedtoexploreculturaldifferencesbylearningaboutotherculturesthroughdiversechannels,whilealsodeepeningtheirunderstandingoftheirowncultureandsharingitwiththeglobalcommunity.Thisequipsthemwiththenecessaryskillstothriveinanincreasinglyinterconnectedandglobalizedworld.objectivesUponcompletionofthisunit,TisexpectedtoenableSsto:Objectivestalkaboutinterculturalcommunicationusingnewvocabulary(iExplore1)·Reading(iExplore1&2)workoutthemeaningofunknownwordsusingcontextualclues·Sharpeningyourskills(iExplore1)introducetheChineseconceptofgratitudetotheirinternationalfriendsaboutChina(iExplore1)comparethehospitalityofaforeignculturewithChinesehospitality·Readingtext(iExplore2)·Sharingyourideas(iExplore2)draftahomestayquickreferenceguideforinternationalstudentsinChina·iProduceiExplore1ViewingPAGEPAGE40ScriptHeythereeveryone.TodayIamgonnasharewithyousomeculturalshocksIhadcomingbackhomeafterlivinginChinaforsevenyears.SothefirstculturalshockwouldbepeoplebeingextremelyunpunctualhereinBolivia.IamusedtolivinginShanghai,ahugecity,thatonaveragetakesaround45minutestocommute.Peoplerespecteachother,especiallytime-wiseandtheytrytoalwaysbepunctual.Transportationisveryefficient,andthemetroisoneofthebestmetrosystemsaroundtheworld.Then,peopleusuallydonotcomelatetoworkortomeetingsbecausetheycalculatetheirtime,andtheyknowtheycanrelyontransportationtogetfrompointAtopointBontime.Here,it’sacompletelydifferentstory.Peoplearealmostalwayslate,andwhenImeanlate,Imeanprettylate.Notjustfiveortenminutesbut...huh...halfanhour,anhourorjust,youknow,evenlater.Andtheyarelateregardlessoftheirsocialstatus,regardlessoftheimportanceofthemeeting.Whetherit’scasualorsomeformalmeeting,peopleusuallycomelate.Cancellationsaresomethingverycommonaswell,evenamongfriends.Plans(get)canceledacoupleofhoursorevenminutesbeforethemeetinghastohappen.So,yes,that’sNo.1.(Another)culturalshockwouldbe“notbeingstraightforward.”O(jiān)K.SoChinesepeopleareactuallynotverystraightforwardthemselves,especiallyinregards(regard)tobusinessorwork.Though,(in)humanrelationshipsandfriendship(s),IwouldsayChinesepeopleareactuallyprettystraightforward.ButhereinBoliviait’sacompletelydifferentstory.Iwouldsaynobodyevertellsyouanythingstraightforwardlyintoyourface,ever.Beitwork-related,beitfriendshiporanyotherkindofrelationship,you’llnevergetstraightforwardness.AndmostofthetimeIwouldsaythisisoutofpoliteness.Forexampleifyouhavechangedyourhaircut,anditdoesn’tlookgoodonyou,there’snobodywho’sgonnapointitoutanyway.Veryoftenyouwouldhearsome“whitelies,”basicallypeoplelyingaboutsomethingthatisnotthatimportant,butjusttokindofprotectyourfeelings.Sopeoplereallyworryabouthowyoufeelallthetime,andtheytrynottooffendyouinanypossibleway.It’salsoveryproblematicbecauseyoualwayshavetobereadingbetween(the)lines.You’llnevergeta“no”asananswer.Soyou’realwayssortofawarethatthisisthekindofculturetheyhavehere.Andyouknowwhattoexpect,andyouknowthatinmostcaseswhenpeopledon’tconfirmwithyou100percent,thatmeansit’sa“no.”PAGEPAGE41Referenceanswers11respect4businessorwork2efficient5straightforwardly3socialstatus6confirm2Punctualityshowsthatyouvalueotherpeople’stime,whichisconsideredasignofrespect.Inthissense,“beingpunctual”iscloselyrelatedwithrespectandpoliteness.However,itssignificancevariesdependingonculturalconventionsandcontext.Insomecultures(e.g.JapanandGermany),beinglateisseenasextremelyrude,whileinothers(e.g.someLatinAmericanorMiddleEasterncultures),flexibilitywithtimeismoreacceptable.Beingdirectisacommunicationstrategyandisstronglyinfluencedbyculturalnorms.Insomecultures(e.g.JapanandRepublicofKorea),indirectnessisoftenpreferredtomaintainharmony.Incontrast,inothercultures(e.g.theU.S.),beingdirectandstraightforwardisoftenregardedasmorehonestandefficient.somedegree,yes.Chinesepeopleoftenvaluehonestyanddirectness,particularlyincloserelationships,suchaswithfriendsorfamily.However,whenitcomestonegativeresponses,suchascriticismordisagreement,Chinesecommunicationtendstobemoreindirecttomaintainharmonyandpreventembarrassment.Thisindirectnessstemsfromaculturalemphasisonpreservingrelationshipsandavoidingconflict.Itisespeciallyevidentinprofessionalorformalsettings,wheresavingfaceishighlyvalued.Whilethespeaker’sobservationholdsmerit,importanttorecognizethatcommunicationstylesinChinadependingonthespecificcontext.ReadingLanguagepointsIspokereasonableFrench,butwhatIespeciallylikedaboutFrancewasthatpeoplekissyoualot.(Para.1)reasonablea.fairlygood,butnotesp.good還算好的；不錯的e.g.Themealinthisrestaurantisreasonableandthepriceisnottooexpensive.句中whatIespeciallylikedaboutFrance是主語從句。Butonthisoccasion,Ihadafeelingthatsomehowshewantedmore…(Para.2)onthisoccasionatthistime;inthissituation這一次e.g.Onthisoccasion,I’dliketoextendmysinceregratitudetomyprofessors.★on…occasions,onoccasione.g.Onrareoccasions,heforgetstosethisalarm.Onoccasion,Marywouldwalkherdogthroughthepark.have/geta/thefeeling(that)tobeconsciousofsth.,butnotcertainaboutit有（…的）感覺；感覺到（…）e.g.Ihadafeelingthatshewaswatchingme.Igotthefeelingthatyoumightbedroppingbythisafternoon.ThissubjectofresearcharousedmyinterestandtookmeacrossthelengthandbreadthofFrance.(Para.2)arouseinterest/expectations,etc.tomakeonebecomeinterested,expectsth.,etc.引起興趣/期望等e.g.MoviesaboutthefutureofAIcanalwaysarousemyinterest.thelengthandbreadthofinortoallpartsofaplace到處；處處；各地e.g.MarkspentmostofhischildhoodinZhejiangProvince,andhevisitedthelengthandbreadthofthatregion.Paraphrase:IwassointerestedinthistopicthatItraveledalloverFrancetolearnmoreaboutit.Thethingis,theItaliansstandalittleclosertoeachotherthanyouorIdoinEngland.(Para.3)1)thethingis(infml.)usedtointroduceanimportantfact,reasonorexplanation是e.g.Ilovetheplace,butthethingis,manypopularplacesofinteresttendtobeovercrowded.2)句中，do用作替代動詞，以避免重復使用動詞stand。ButtheproblemisthattheItaliansaresuchnicepeoplethattheytakeastepforwards,andthisgoeson,withmebackingawayallthetime.(Para.3)goon·tocontinuewithoutstopping持續(xù)e.g.Ourconversationwenton,withmeeithernoddingorshakingmyhead.·tocontinuedoingsth.orbeinginasituation繼續(xù)做；繼續(xù)下去e.g.Hesaidnothingandjustwentonworking.backawaytomovebackwardawayfromsth.orsb.后退e.g.Hehadtobackawaytheedgeoftheclifftoavoidfalling.allthetime(alsothewholetime)continuouslyorveryoften一直；始終；經(jīng)常e.g.Humans’understandingofnatureisdevelopingallthetime;itneverstaysatthesamelevel.4)such…that…是英文中的常用結構，引導結果狀語從句，表示“如此…以至于…”。這個結構一般有以下三種形式：sucha/an+a.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that…e.g.Heissuchacuteboythateveryonelikeshim.?such+a.+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that…e.g.TheysuchinterestingnovelsthatIsimplycannottearmyselfawaythem.?such+a.+不可數(shù)名詞+that…e.g.Hehasmadesuchgreatthateverystudentinhisclassadmireshim.5)句中，with引導了一個伴隨狀語（withmebackingawayallthetime），描述與主句動作（thisgoeson）同時發(fā)生的情境。ASpanishstudentreferredtosomethingthatmadehimuneasy.(Para.4)refertotomentionorspeakaboutsb.orsth.提到；談到e.g.HeconstantlytohisfirstvisittoItalywhenrecallinghisearlyyears.uneasya.·notcomfortable,peaceful,orrelaxed不舒服的；不踏實的；不安的e.g.Therewasanuneasycalmintheasifsomethingterriblewasabouttohappen.orslightlyafraidbecauseyouthinkthatsth.badmighthappen心神不安的；不自在的；憂慮的e.g.Hefeltuneasyaboutthedecision,unsureifhehadmadetherightchoice.Whathedidn’tunderstandwasthatbynotsaying“thankyou”sooften,hewasoftenperceivedtoberudebyhisEnglishhosts.(Para.4)perceivevt.tounderstandorthinkofsth.orsb.inaparticulare.g.Oftenwhatisperceivedtobeangerissimply★perceivesth./sb.as,perceivesth./sb.tobee.g.Hewassoyoungthatnooneperceivedhimasafuturechiefexecutive.perceiveyourselftobeafailureevenifyoudobadlyinschooltests.Paraphrase:Herarelysaid“thankyou”andsohisEnglishhoststhoughthewasrude.Buthedidn’trealizeit.There’sastoryofanEnglishmanwhowasgettingtiredofbeingtold,“Haveaniceday!”So,heturnedroundandreplied,“I’msorry,I’vemadeotherarrangements!”(Para.5)get/growtiredof(doing)sth.tonolongerwantsth.orwanttodosth.becauseyouareboredwithitorannoyedbyit厭煩（做）某事e.g.gottiredofbeingtoldtodothisandtodothat.“Haveaniceday!”isespeciallycommoninNorthAmericanEnglish.Itservesasafriendlywaytosaygoodbye,particularlytocustomers,andisfunctionallyequivalentto“再見”or“祝您愉快.”turnroundanddosth.(spoken)todosth.thatisunexpectedorthatseemsunfairorunreasonable反過來做某事e.g.saidthatyouwantedtobeagoodsoturnroundandforgetyourresponsibility.Culturalunderstandingisfarfromjustknowingalltheconventionsandritualsindifferentcultures.(Para.6)farfromsth./doingsth.almosttheoppositeofsth.orofwhatisexpected幾乎相反；遠非e.g.Learning,initssense,isfarreadingtextbooksandsittingexams.ritualn.[C,U]·aformalceremony正式儀式；典禮e.g.Theweddingceremonywasfilledwithtraditionalritualspasseddownthroughgenerations.thatyoudoregularlyandinthesamewayeachtime事e.g.ThemeetingsonMondaybecameaweeklyritual.Sometimesallneededistoleranceifthingsmightbedifferent,andawarenessthatbehavioracceptableinyourownculturemaynotbesuitableinanother.(Para.6)句中allneeded是主語。toleranceifthingsmightbedifferent和awarenessthat…inanother這兩部分并列作表語。awareness后面跟有同位語從句，補充說明awareness的內容。ReferenceanswersUnderstandingthetext11kiss 2alittlecloser 3thankyou 4weird5noresponse 6haveaniceday 7tolerance 8awareness21T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6T 7FEExissonlie3Readthetextandidentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationineachstatementisderived.Someparagraphscanbechosenmorethanonce.IntheWest,servingcoffeeafterdinnerisasignthattheeveningiscomingtoanend.TheEnglishmayfeeltiredorevenannoyedtohearotherssay“Haveaniceday”tothem.TheauthormadeastudyonhowmanykissestheFrenchgivewhilegreetingbutcametonosolidconclusion.TheSpanishstudentfounditweirdthatinBritainpeoplesaid“thankyou”moreoftenthanwasnecessary.TheEnglishhaveastrictersenseofpersonalspacethantheItalians;inotherwords,theItaliansprefertostandclosertoeachother.Youarenotsupposedtostaylongerthan15minutesafteryourefuseyourlastcupofafter-dinnercoffee.TotheEnglishpeople,“you’rewelcome”doesn’tsoundrightasaresponseto“thankyou,”unlessyouareawaiter.ReferenceanswersPara.7Para.5Para.2Para.4Para.3Para.7Para.5Sharpeningyourskills1C 2A3A4C 5A1suitble2onv1suitble2onvntions3unsy4odd5bkads6pcivd21arousedhisinterest2backingaway3thelengthandbreadthof4cometoanend5reservestheright6referredtoCollocations1reserve…room2arouses…desire3arouses…interest4reserveseats5arouseanger6reservetherightVocabularylearningstrategiesSuffix“-th”ExercisesonlineCompletethesentenceswiththewordsInthelate20thcentury,the oftheInternetrevolutionizedhowwecommunicateandaccessinformation.Therehasbeengreat inthehealthfoodindustry.Thosepeoplewillstarveto unlesstheygethelpsoon.It’sa thatevenforthosewhoarewell-traveledorhavelivedabroadforyears,cultureshockaffectsthemtosomedegree.Chinesepeopleareknownfortheirfriendlinessand inwelcomingguests.Hehasagreat offeelingforhisfriendsandisalwayswillingtohelpintimesofneed.Itisatraditionalvirtueforthe toshowrespecttoandtakecareoftheelderly.ReferenceanswersbirthgrowthdeathtruthwarmthdepthyouthGrammarandstructureAppositiveclauseExercisesonlineCombineeachpairofsentencesintoonebyusinganappositiveclause.a.Ihadafeeling. b.Shewantedmore.a.Peoplearedifferentfromculturetoculture. b.Doyouhavetheawareness?3a.Peopleshouldleave.b.Theendofthemealisthesignal.Bankedcloze1cross-cultural2perceived3suitable4weird5response6impossible7tolerance4a.4a.Theisasin. .Thedinnrisomingtonnd.5a.idIdotheightthin? b.Thedoubtbothsm.6a.owisbodylngugeusddirntlyindirntultus? b.Thispoblmisothstuding.feneanssIhdalinghatshentdmo.oouhvethernsshatpopleedientomultuetoultu?3Thendofthemlisthesinalhatpopleshouldlv.4Theisasinhatthedinnrisomingtonnd.5ThedoubtwhrIdidtheightthingbothsm.6Thepoblmhowbodylngugeisusddirntlyindirntultusisothstuding.Duetodifferencesinsocialconventionsandritualsacrossdifferentcultures,misunderstandingsoftenoccurduringcross-culturalcommunication.Forinstance,thereservedbehaviorofChinesepeopleissometimesmisunderstoodbythosefromotherculturalbackgrounds.Bothsidesshouldshowtoleranceandunderstanding,maintainingtheirowncustomswhileactivelylearningaboutandadaptingtotheotherculture.aboutChina·知恩圖報literallymeans“Oneshouldappreciatekindnessandrepayitwhentheopportunityarises.”literallymeans“Whenyoudrinkwater,youshouldrememberitssource.”Itimpliesthatoneshouldneverforgethisoriginandalwaysremaingrateful.·投桃報李literallymeans“givingapluminreturnforapeach.”ThisidiomcomesfromTheBookofSongsandsignifiesanexchangeofpresentstoexpressgoodwillandfriendship.Italsoemphasizestheprincipleofequalityandreciprocity(互惠).·施惠勿念，受恩莫忘means“Don’tdwellonyourownactsofbenevolence;butneverforgetthekindnessesyouhavereceived.”Itemphasizesthevirtueofselflessnesswhenhelpingothersandtheimportanceofgratitudewhenreceivinghelp.·羊有跪乳之恩，鴉有反哺之情literallymeans“Lambskneeltoexpressgratitudewhilefeeding,andcrowsrepaytheirparents’carebyfeedingtheminreturn.”Thissayinghighlightsthevaluesofgratitude,respect,andthemoralobligationtocareforone’sparentsorelders.Itisoftenusedtoencouragepeopletorememberandrepaythekindnessandsacrificesofthosewhohavenurturedandsupportedthem.Tosumup,gratitudeisadeeplyrootedvirtueinChineseculture,asreflectedinidiomsandsayingspasseddownfromancienttimes.Itofteninvolvesgenuineappreciationwhethertowardone’sparents,elders,oranyonewhohasofferedhelp.Whensomeonereceiveshelp,itiscommonforthemtofeeldeeplygrateful,andrepaythekindness,asexemplifiedbythesaying“投桃報李.”GratitudeinChinaalsopromotesselflessnessingiving,asdemonstratedbythephrase“施惠勿念.”Ultimately,gratitudeplaysakeyroleinfosteringharmoniousrelationshipswithinsocietyandnurturingmoralcharacterinindividuals.iExplore2ReadingCulturenotesConfucius:HewasaChinesephilosopherandeducator,andthefounderoftheConfucianschoolofthought.HisideashaveprofoundlyinfluencedChineseculture,ethics,andsocialrelationships.Histeachings,collectedinTheAnalects,emphasizevirtue,self-cultivation,andsocialharmony,etc.asthefoundationforpersonalandsocietalwell-being.Isn’titajoytohavefriendscomefromafar?:Thisquote,fromTheAnalects,expressestheheartfeltjoyofwelcomingfriendsfromItreflectsConfucius’emphasisonharmony,hospitality,andmutualrespect.LanguagepointsChinesehospitality,whichisrootedinthecountry’srichculture,isanintegralpartofChinesesociety.(Para.1)berootedintohavedevelopedfromsth.andbestronglyinfluencedbyit起源于e.g.Manyfestivalsrootedinancientcustomsegrala.beinganessentialpartofsth.必需的；不可或缺的e.g.Effectivecommunicationisintegraltothesuccessofanyteamwork.Itplaysacrucialroleinbuildingrelationships,promotingculturalexchanges,andsupportingbusinessinteractions.(Para.1)句中的三組動賓搭配值得重點關注：buildrelationships建立關系promoteculturalexchanges促進文化交流supportbusinessinteractions推動商業(yè)交流Thesevaluescommitfriends,family,andattimesbusinesscolleaguestosupportingoneanother.(Para.2)commitsb.todoingsth.tomakesb.agreeorpromisetodosth.使某人同意（或承諾）做某事e.g.Themanagercommittedtheteamtocompletingtheprojectbytheendofthemonth.attimesoccasionally,butnotoften有時；間或e.g.Attimes,Imissmyhometown,especiallyduringtheholidays.Chinesepeoplebelieveinnurturingstrongconnectionswithotherstofacilitatevarioussocialinteractions.(Para.2)nurturevt.(fml.)·tohelpaplan,idea,feeling,etc.todevelop發(fā)展（計劃﹑想法等）；培養(yǎng)（感情等）e.g.Shetriedtonurtureherdreamofbecomingawriterbydedicatingtimetowritingevery·tofeedandtakecareofachildoraplantwhileitisgrowing養(yǎng)育；培育e.g.Parentsplayakeyinnurturingtheirtalentsandinterests.facilitatevt.tomakeanactionoraprocesspossibleoreasier促進；促使；使便利e.g.oftenusemoderntechnologytofacilitatelearningintheclassroom.3)句中的兩組動賓搭配值得重點關注：nurturestrongconnections建立深厚的聯(lián)系facilitatesocialinteractions促進社會交往...whenreceivingguests,thehostgoestogreatlengthstocreateacomfortableandwelcomingenvironmentandtoshowconsiderationfortheirguests’preferencesandneeds.(Para.2)gotogreatlengthstoputalotofeffortintodoingsth.,esp.whenthisseemsextreme竭盡全力；不遺余力e.g.ShewenttogreatlengthstochoosetherightgiftsforherChinesehostfamily.showconsiderationforPAGEPAGE50topayattentiontotheneeds,wishes,orfeelingsofotherpeople體貼；關心e.g.Thecompanyshowsconsiderationfortheenvironmentbyusingeco-friendlymaterialsinitsproducts.Itisconsideredimpolitetoopenlycriticizeorembarrassothersinpublic.Instead,Chinesecultureencouragesindirectcommunicationandtheuseofsubtlegesturestoconveymessages.(Para.3)openlyad.inawaythatdoesnothideyourfeelings,opinions,orthefacts坦白地；公開地；公然地e.g.raiseawareness,heopenlytalkedabouthisstrugglewithmentalhealth.conveyvt.tomakeideas,feelings,etc.knowntosb.表達，傳遞（思想、感情等）e.g.Hersmileconveyedhergratitudemorethanwordsevercould.句中，it是形式主語，toopenlycriticizeorembarrassothersinpublic是真正的主語。使用被動結構來表達對某個行為或做法的評價和判斷，語氣相對客觀。Interestingly,whenitcomestoreceivingcompliments,culturally-establishedmodestyoftenleadsthemtoplaydownpraisebysayingtheydon’tdeserveit.(Para.4)whenitcomestosth.(infml.)whenyouaredealingwithsth.ortalkingaboutsth.在某個方面；說到某事e.g.Whenitcomestomusic,heprefersclassicaloverpop.playdowntotrytomakesth.seemlessimportantthanitis減低…的重要性；貶低；淡化e.g.Sheplayeddownherinthefinalsuccess,eventhoughshecontributedalot.3)句中，interestingly和perhaps等。e.g.Surprisingly,heagreedtohelpuswithouthesitation.Luckily,wefoundthemissingkeysintime.此外，bysayingtheydon’tdeserveit是方式狀語，修飾playdownpraise，表示“通過說他們不配來淡化贊美”。However,ifcomplimentsarenottrulyearned,arerepeatedtoooften,orareexpressedinveryfloweryterms,theymaybeassumedtobeinsincereandcoulddomoreharmthangood.(Para.4)flowerya.·(ofspeechorwriting)toocomplicated;notexpressedinaclearandsimpleway過分復雜費解的；華而不實的e.g.Theflowerywritingstyledistractedreaderstheactualstory.·coveredwithflowersordecoratedwithpicturesofflowers覆蓋著花的；飾以花卉圖形的e.g.Thewallpaperinthewasflowery,makingitlookbrightandcheerful.domoreharmthangoodtomakeasituationworseinsteadofbetter弊大于利；害多利少e.g.Trainingtoohardornotknowinghowtoexercisecorrectlycanoftendomoreharmthangood.★do(sb.)goodtohaveausefuleffect;tohelpsb.（對某人）有好處，有用處，有益；幫助e.g.Doyouthinktalkingtoherwoulddosomegood?☆do(sb./sth.)harmtocausedamageorinjurytosb.orsth.對（…）有害e.g.tochooseproductsthatdotheleastharmtotheenvironment.在if從句中，三個并列謂語動詞arenottrulyearned、arerepeatedtoooften和areexpressedinveryfloweryterms以具體表現(xiàn)形式定義、細化了insincere的含義。Whensomeoneisinvitedtoanother’shomeorattendsasocialevent,itiscustomaryfortheguesttobringagiftasatokenofgratitude.(Para.5)customarymonlypracticed,used,orobserved習俗的；習慣的e.g.Inhisfamily,celebratingbirthdayswithalargefeasthasalwaysbeencustomary.★Itiscustomary(forsb.)todosth.e.g.Insomecultures,customaryforgueststoremovetheirshoesbeforeenteringthehouse.tokenn.[C](fml.)sth.thatrepresentsafeeling,fact,event,etc.象征；標志e.g.Thegiftwasatokenofappreciationforherhardwork.Chinesehostsdisplayahighlevelofhospitalitytoimpresspartnersorclients.(Para6)impressvt.tomakesb.feeladmirationandrespect使欽佩；使留下深刻印象e.g.Herspeechimpressedtheaudiencewithitshonestyandpassion.Hopefully,thegenuinehospitalityoftheChineseleavesalastingimpressiononvisitorsallovertheworld…(Para.7)hopefullyad.usedtoexpresswhatyouhopewillhappen有希望地；可以指望e.g.Hopefully,we’llarrivebeforedark.leaveanimpressiononsb.makesb.rememberaperson,place,orthing給某人留下印象e.g.Herconfidentpresentationleftastrongimpressiononthelisteners.3)句中hopefully修飾整個句子，表達了說話人對事件的主觀愿望或期待。ReferenceanswersUnderstandingthetext11generosity2personalrelationships 3conflicts4socialharmony5compliments6gifts 7businessactivities8alastingimpression21Para.42Para.33Para.14Para.65Para.26Para.37Para.5BuildingyourlanguageExercisesonlineWordsandexpressions1Completethesentenceswiththewordsbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.Somecultures nonverbalcommunication,suchasgesturesandfacialexpressions,morethanspokenwords.I youropennessinourcross-culturaldiscussionsasithelpsusbridgeourdifferentviewsmoreeffectively.Incertaincultures, ofbusinesscardsareexpectedtoacceptthemwithbothhandsasasignofrespect.Festivalsandritualsareanimportantmeansof culturaltraditionsandsharingthemwithothers.Listeningcarefullyduringaconversationisasimpleyetpowerful ofrespectacrossallcultures.Inmanycultures,itis toshowrespecttoeldersbylisteningtotheiradvice.Toavoidpossibleconflicts,theChinesesometimeschoosetousesubtlegesturesto theirideas.Withhands-onactivities,theworkshopaimsat abetterunderstandingbetweendifferentculturalgroups.Referenceanswersemphasizeappreciaterecipientspreservingtokencustomaryconveyfacilitating2Replacetheunderlinedexpressionsinthesentenceswiththecorrectformoftheexpressionsbelow.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.attachimportanceto playdownberootedin gooutofone’sway beassociatedwithShemadeaspecialefforttobakeacakeforherneighbor’sbirthday,eventhoughshehadabusyday.ThetraditionofcelebratingfestivalswithfamilyisfirmlyestablishedinChinesesociety.ThecoachplacesemphasisondevelopingboththephysicalandmentalstrengthofathletesCertainfoods,likezongziandjiaozi,aretraditionallyconnectedtospecificfestivalsinChineseculture.InChina,whenyougivecompliments,therecipientsmayshowmodestybysayingtheydon’tfullydeservethepraise.Referenceanswers1wentoutofherway2isrootedin3attachesimportanceto4are…associatedwith5playingdownCollocationsSelectthecorrectwordtocollocatewiththeitalicizedwordineachofthegivencontexts.TheChinesedonoteasilyacceptcomplimentsunlesstheymakesurethatthepraiseistruly (deserved/expressed).Inmanycultures,thewayagiftisreceivedisconsideredasimportantasthewayitis (exchanged/presented).AlltheculturalelementsthatcanbefoundinChinesehospitalitycontributetoan (encouraging/affecting)andharmonioussocialatmosphere.Hospitality,whichmainlyreferstothewayinwhichthehost (accepts/receives)guests,isculturallyrooted.Thehost’swelcomespeech (carried/produced)asincereandmodesttone,makingalltheguestsfeelmuchrespected.66TheChinsemphsizepsonlltionshipsndtthratimpotneto disovring/nutuing)stongpsonlonntions.feneanssdsvedpsntednourgingcivsridnutuingoabulaylaningsaegisThesuix“iy”Thesuixity”somtims“t”)isommonlyusdinEnlishtotnsomdjtivstonouns,hihinditsthestt,qulit,oronditiondsibedbythedjtiv.orxmpl,enrosity”P.1)estothestteofbingenrous;loalty”P.2)inditsthequlityofstingiminourindshiporsuppotorsombodyorsomthin.oplehesnnsbyhangnghegivnadivsinonouswhhesufx“iy.”Theunivsityisknonorhowitpomots divs)ndqual)mongstudnts.Thyellsptedorthirhightndsnseofsoil sponsibl).The etin)ithhihhexpssshisopinionsmkshimdiiulttogueith.Theultivtionofstudnts’ mol)dsvesthertstttntioninllshools.Thedvlopmntofsinendthnologydpndshvilyonthe etiv)oftheoungerenation.feneanssdivsit;qulitysponsibilityrtintymolityetivityTanslaionTanslaehesnnsinohins.1uingsoilintctionsbothhostsnduestsoktomintinhoth’sminzi,ndhostsotnooutofthirytonsuethtthiruestselspctd.2fomplimntsenottulyned,epetdtoootn,orexpssdinvvyloytms,thymybessumdtobeinsinendoulddomoehmthnood.Tpill,uestspsntitsithbothhndsndhostsrciouslycptthmithsinethnks.Thisptieonvsppcitionndspct,ontibutingtoamndlomingnvionmnt.WhninRom,dostheRomnsdo”isauleofthumbthtnvrilsinosscultulommunition.Thisquispopletodvlopstongultulrnessndknobsvtion,instdoftkingvrthingorrntd.feneanss1在社交互動中主人和客人都會努力維護彼此的面子主人通常會不遺余力地確?？腿烁械奖蛔鹬亍?如果贊美并非真正應得重復過于頻繁或者使用過于華麗的辭藻表達，它們可能會被認為不真誠，反而可能適得其反。3通?？腿藭p手遞上禮物而主人會滿懷感激地欣然接受并表達真誠的謝意。這一禮儀體現(xiàn)了感恩和尊重，營造出舒適溫馨的氛圍。4“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”是跨文化交際中一個屢試不爽的經(jīng)驗法則這要求人們培養(yǎng)強烈的文化意識和敏銳的觀察力，而不是凡事想當然。SharingyourideasHospitalitypracticesvarysignificantlyintheChineseandAmericancultures.Belowisacomparisonofhospitalityinthetwocultures.First,hostingandbeingguests.Chinesehospitalityisoftenformal.Hostsusuallygotogreatlengthstoshowrespectandcarefortheirguests.Theyprepareelaboratemealsandensureguestsarewelltakencareof.Hostsmayrepeatedlyofferfoodordrinks,eveniftheguestinitiallydeclines.Whileguestsaretreatedwithhighregard,theyalsogooutoftheirwaytomaintainaharmonioussocialatmosphere.Incontrast,Americanhostsoftentrytomakeguestsfeelcomfortableandateasebycreatingacasualatmosphere.Guestsareencouragedto“makethemselvesathome.”Hostsmayofferchoices(e.g.food,drinks,activities)toaccommodatetheirguests’preferences.Guestsareexpecte