食品專業(yè)英語之工業(yè)基本術(shù)語

1、食品工業(yè)基本術(shù)語gb150911.食品分類動物性食品 food of animal origin (animal food) 植物性食品 vegetable food (plant food) 傳統(tǒng)食品 traditional food 干制食品 dehydrated food 糖制食品 confectionery 腌制品 curing food 烘焙食品 bakery 熏制食品 smoking food 膨化食品 puffed food (extruded food) 速凍食品 quick-frozen food 罐藏食品 canned food 方便食品 convenient food(f

2、ast food, prepared food, instant food) 特殊營養(yǎng)食品 food of special nutrients 嬰幼兒食品 infant or baby food 強(qiáng)化食品 nutrient fortified food 天然食品 natural food 摸擬食品 imitation food 預(yù)包裝食品 prepackaged food 食品制造 food manufacturing 食品加工 food processing 食品工業(yè) food industry 食品資源 food resource 食品新資源 new resource for food 原

3、料 raw material 配料 ingredient 主料 major ingredient (major material) 輔料 minor ingredient 食品添加劑 food additive 食品營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化劑 food enrichment 加工助劑 processing aid 酶 enzyme 配料表 list of ingredients 配方 formula 食品包裝材料 packaging material for food 食品包裝容器 food container 軟包裝 flexible package 硬包裝 rigid package 食品標(biāo)簽 food

4、labelling 保質(zhì)期 date of minimum durability 食品質(zhì)量管理 food quality control 食品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督 food quality supervision 食品質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn) food quality inspection 食品衛(wèi)生 food hygiene (food safety) 食品營養(yǎng) food nutrition 食品成分 food composition 食品分析 food analysis 食品工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 food industry standardization 食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn) food standard 食品產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn) food produc

5、t standard 食品衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn) food hygienic standard 食品廠衛(wèi)生規(guī)范 hygienic code of food factory 食品分析方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn) food analysing standard methed 良好加工規(guī)范 good manufacturing practice (gmp) 危害分析關(guān)鍵控制點(diǎn) hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp) 食品生產(chǎn)許可證 food production licence 食品產(chǎn)品合格證 food product qualification 食品衛(wèi)生許可證 food

6、 hygiene licence 食品衛(wèi)生合格證 food hygiene qualification 食品工業(yè)副產(chǎn)品 by-product of food industry 糧食 grain 糧食制品 cereal product 肉制品 meat product 食用油脂 edible oil and fat 乳制品 dairy product 水產(chǎn)品 sea food 水果制品 fruit product 蔬菜制品 vegetable product 植物蛋白食品 vegetable protein food 淀粉制品 starch-based product 蛋制品 egg produ

7、ct 糕點(diǎn) pastry 糖果 candy 調(diào)味品 condiment (seasoning) 食用鹽 edible salt (food grade salt) 飲料酒 alcoholic drink 無酒精飲料 non-alcoholic drink （ soft drink ）2.食品工藝原料清理 raw material handling (raw material cleaning) 原料預(yù)處理 pretreatment of raw material 酸處理 acid treatment 硫處理 sulphuring treatment 堿處理 alkali treatment 粉

8、碎 grinding 破碎 cracking (crushing) 打漿 mashing 攪拌 mixing 分離 separation 離心分離 centrifugal separation 過濾 filtration 膜分離 membrane separation 篩分 screening (sifting) 沉降 precipitation 濃縮 concentration 蒸餾 distillation 精餾 rectification (distilling) 蒸發(fā) evaporation 閃蒸 flash evaporation 離子交換 ion exchange 吸附 adsor

9、ption 吸收 absorption 解吸 deabsorption 干燥 drying 脫水 dehydration 復(fù)水 rehydration 浸取 extraction 壓榨 pressing 乳化 emusifying 均質(zhì) homogenizing 發(fā)酵 fermentation 釀造 brewing 糊化 gelatinization 凝沉 retrogradation 液化 liquifying (liquefaction) 糖化 saccharification (conversion) 氫化 hydrogenation 嫩化 tenderization 軟化 soften

10、ing 營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化 fortification (enrichment) 膨化 extrusion (puffing) 精制 refining 烘焙 baking 熏制 smoking 保鮮 refreshment (refreshing) 冷藏 cold storage , frozen storage 速凍 quick-freezing 氣調(diào)貯藏 storage in controlled atmosphere 干制保藏 drying preservation (preserved by dehydration ; drying process) 腌制保藏 curing preservati

11、on (preserved by curing process) 鹽漬 salting 醬漬 saucing 糖漬 sugaring 酸漬 pickling 糟漬 cured or pickled with germented grains 輻照保藏 irradiation preservation 化學(xué)保藏 chemical preservation 成熟 ripening 后熟 maturation 滅菌 sterilization 超高溫瞬時(shí)滅菌 ultra high temperature short time sterilization 商業(yè)無菌 commercial sterili

12、zation 消毒 disinfection 巴氏消毒 pasteurization 接種 inoculation 培菌 cultivation 染菌 microbiological contamination （ contamination ）3.食品指標(biāo)營養(yǎng)素 nutrient 蛋白質(zhì) protein 粗蛋白質(zhì) crude protein 植物蛋白 vegetable protein 動物蛋白 animal protein 蛋白質(zhì)營養(yǎng)學(xué)評價(jià) nutritional evaluation 蛋白質(zhì)變性 protein denaturation 蛋白質(zhì)互補(bǔ) complementary actio

13、n of protein 氨基酸 amino acid 必需氨基酸 essential amino acid 脂肪 fat (oil and fat) 粗脂肪 crude fat 脂肪酸 fatty acid 飽和脂肪酸 saturated fatty acid 不飽和脂肪酸 unsaturated fatty acid 碳水化合物 carbohydrate 有效碳水化合物 effective carbohydrate 粗纖維 crude fiber 膳食纖維 dietary fiber 礦物質(zhì) mineral matter 微量元素 trace element 維生素 vitamin 脂溶性

14、維生素 liposoluble vitamin (fat soluble vitamin) 水溶性維生素 water soluble vitamin 每日推薦的營養(yǎng)素供給量 (rda) recommended daily nutrient allowance 水分 moisture content 水分活度 water activity 熱量 calorie 固形物 solid content 可溶性固形物 soluble solid 不溶性固形物 insoluble solid 食品污染 food contamination 生物性污染 biologic contamination 化學(xué)性污

15、染 chemical contamination 放射性污染 radioactive contamination 重金屬 heavy metal 微生物毒素 microbial toxin 農(nóng)藥殘留 residue of pesticide 獸藥殘留 residue of veterinary drug 食物中毒 food poisoning 酸敗 rancidity 腐敗 spoilage 霉變 mould 褐變 browning 食物安全毒理學(xué)評價(jià) toxicological evaluation for food safety 人體每日允許攝入量 (adi) acceptable dai

16、ly intake (adi) 食品感官檢驗(yàn) sensory analysis ( sensory evaluation) 感官特性 organoleptic attribute 食品理化檢驗(yàn) food physical and chemical analysis 總糖 total reducing sugar 還原糖 reducing sugar 酸度 acidity 總酸 total acid 碘價(jià) iodine value 酸價(jià) acid value 過氧化值 peroxide value 食品微生物學(xué)檢驗(yàn) food microbiological analysis 菌落總數(shù) total

17、 plate count 大腸菌群 coliform 致病菌 pathogenic bacterium 抗生素 antibiotic 4.糧食、油料及其加工產(chǎn)品的名詞術(shù)語糧食 grain 原糧 raw grain稻谷 paddy,rough rice 秈稻谷 long-grain nonglutinous rice早秈稻谷 early long-grain nonglutinous rice晚秈稻谷 late long-grain nonglutinous rice粳稻谷 medium to short-grain nonglutinous rice早粳稻谷 early round-grain

18、 nonglutinous rice晚粳稻谷 late medium to short-grain nonglutinous rice 糯稻谷 glutinous rice 秈糯稻谷 long-grain glutinous rice粳糯稻谷 round-grain glutinous rice中熟稻谷 middle-season rice陸稻谷(旱稻谷) upland rice 小麥 wheat 冬小麥 winter wheat 春小麥 spring wheat 白色硬質(zhì)小麥 hard white wheat白色軟質(zhì)小麥 soft white wheat紅色硬質(zhì)小麥 hard red whe

19、at紅色軟質(zhì)小麥 soft red wheat混合硬質(zhì)小麥 hard mixed wheat 混合軟質(zhì)小麥 soft mixed wheat 黑麥 rye 黑小麥 triticale 高梁 sorghum,kaoliang,milo 玉米 maize,corn(美) 黃玉米 yellow corn白玉米 white corn糯玉米 glutinous corn雜玉米 mixed corn燕麥 common oats 莜麥 hulless oats,naked oats 大麥 barley。 裸大麥 hulless barley,highland barley,nacked barley 粟 f

20、oxtail millet,millet in husk 粳粟 non-glutinous foxtail millet 糯粟 glutinous foxtail millet黍 broomcorn millet(glutinous),common millet 稷 broomcorn millet(non-glutinous)薏苡 jobs tears,adlay 大豆 soybean,soyabean,soya黃大豆 yellow soybean 青大豆green soybean 黑大豆 black soybean褐大豆 brown soybean赤大豆 red soybean茶色大豆 dark brown soybean花斑大豆 piebald soybean飼料豆(秣食豆) feed soybean 雜色大豆 mixed soybean 小豆 sma