高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)課件-介詞.ppt

1、介 詞,一、方位介詞 1above，over，on；below，under，beneath (1)above側(cè)重于相對(duì)水平高度，不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。 (2)over側(cè)重于垂直高度，即位于正上方，其反義詞是under。 (3)on側(cè)重于與物體表面接觸，其反義詞是beneath。 Be careful，there is a heavy box over your head. The position he pointed to was below the sea level. 2across，over，through，past across意為“橫穿、穿越”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的

2、表面。over意為 “跨過(guò)，越過(guò)”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的上方。through意為“穿過(guò)， 通過(guò)”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間。past意為“從旁經(jīng)過(guò)”， 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物旁邊。,The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，across desert，over mountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. 3in，on，to在方位名詞前的區(qū)別。 in表示在范圍之內(nèi)；to表示在某范圍之外的地方；on表示“毗 鄰”“接壤”。 Shandong Province is/lies i

3、n the east of China. Japan is/lies to the east of China. 二、時(shí)間介詞 1at，in，on，by，after at,in on by after,2.for，from，since for后接時(shí)段的名詞詞組，表示行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久。from接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而不涉及其持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短。since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，不僅表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而且還強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為或狀態(tài)從起始點(diǎn)一直持續(xù)到此時(shí)此刻，因而與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。,Mr.Brown enjoyed the country life and lived th

4、ere for almost fifteen years after his retirement. My younger sister began to learn dancing from the age of five. He has been working in Tibet since he graduated from college. 三、工具、手段、方式介詞 1by，in，on三詞都表示旅行的方式。 by,名詞前有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等時(shí)用on/in。 travel to New York in this plane；go to school on my bike 【說(shuō)明】

5、步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。 on foot，on horseback, on a horse，on the camel,2with，by，in三詞均譯為“用”，表示行為的工具、手段或方式。 They are digging with a pick/spade. by hand；in ink in English/Japanese,四、原因介詞 She often hangs her head for shame. He went red with anger. The sports meet will be put off till next Saturday because of the

6、heavy rain. His illness was due to smoking and drinking. Thanks to the Partys good policy，the farmers are now living a happy and rich life.,五、介詞與某些詞類(lèi)的搭配 1名詞與介詞的固定搭配 (1)常與to搭配的名詞：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction (2)常與in搭配的名詞：interest，satisfaction，expert (3)常與on搭配的名詞：mercy，congratulation (4)常與其他介

7、詞搭配的名詞：prize for，respect for，victory over， struggle with 2形容詞與介詞的固定搭配 (1)與at搭配的形容詞：afraid，angry，good，bad，clever，surprised， excited，puzzled，frightened (2)與of搭配的形容詞：afraid，sure，certain，full，tired，fond，proud， worthy (3)與with搭配的形容詞：angry，strict，careful，busy，popular (4)與in搭配的形容詞：weak，strict，rich，interest

8、ed，successful,(5)與to搭配的形容詞：next，good，polite，kind，cruel，rude， known，married，close，similar，due (6)與for搭配的形容詞：sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious， hungry (7)與from搭配的形容詞：far，different，free，safe，absent，tired (8)與about搭配的形容詞：sorry，worried，anxious，careful，sure， Certain 【注】同一形容詞與不同的介詞搭配其含義會(huì)不同。,of抽象名詞形容詞 of

9、 great valuevery valuable of no useuseless a man of wealtha wealthy man to與情感名詞連用，表示“某種行動(dòng)后產(chǎn)生的感覺(jué)”： toones to the of sb. Much to my joy，he was quite from danger. at與某些名詞搭配表示“一就” at the sight ofat the thought of,過(guò) 關(guān) 落 實(shí),1The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting. Aon Bfor Cabout Dwith 解析：sugg

10、est a date for為(某事)提議一個(gè)日期。 答案：B 2Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days. Afor Bexcept Cbesides Dwith 解析:besides同as well as 或in addition to,表示“除之外還有”。 答案：C 3Experts have been warning _ of the health risks caused by passive smoking. Aat a time Bat one time Cfor some time Dfor the

11、 time 解析：forsome time表示“有一段時(shí)間”。 答案：C,4I think he is taking an active part in social work. I agree with you _. Ain a way Bon the way Cby the way Din the way 解析：in a way在某種程度上。 答案：A 5This is a junior school.You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. Afor Babout Cfrom Dto 解析：for此處意為“(專(zhuān)門(mén))為(你這

12、個(gè)年齡的女孩子們準(zhǔn)備的)”。 答案：A 6Although _ my opinion，the old professor didnt come up with his own. Aagainst Bon Cfor Din 解析：against在本句中表示“反對(duì)，不贊同”。 答案：A,7Fred，who had expected how it would go with his daughter，had a great worry _ his mind. Aon Bin Cwith Dat 解析：have.on/upon ones mind表“關(guān)心，為擔(dān)心”。 答案：A 8Its quite _

13、 me why such things have been allowed to happen. Afor Bbehind Cagainst Dbeyond 解析：Its beyond sb.意為“某人不能明白”；beyond意為“(程度) 超出，為所不及”。 答案：D 9When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30. AIn BBy CDuring DWithin 解析：by此處意為“(時(shí)間)在之前，不遲于”。 答案：B,10My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was

14、 _ it. Ain honour of Bin memory of Cin favour of Din search of 解析：in honour of 意為“尊敬”；in memory of 表“為了紀(jì)念”；in search of 指“為了尋找”；in favour of 則為“贊成、擁護(hù)、支持”， 與against相對(duì)。 答案：C 11I am afraid that I wont be able to spend the weekend with you in Dalian. _，I have no money and for another I am too busy. AAft

15、er all BFor one thing CAbove all DAs well 解析：for one thing.，for another.(用以陳述理由或觀點(diǎn))一則， 再則。 答案：B,12He hesitated，wondering if he had asked too much _ the lady. Afrom Bof Cfor Dto 解析：ask sth.of sb.期望，要求；ask too much of sb.要求過(guò)高。 答案：B 13The two phrases are similar _ structure but different _ meaning. Ain；in Bto；to Cin；from Dwith；from 解析：be similar/different in 意為“在方面相似(不同)”。 答案：A 14Shall I come for the suit on Friday? Youd better not.It wont be ready _ Friday.You can come and