外研版新課標(biāo)三起點(diǎn)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,c

2、hild-children， policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice，foot-feet, tooth-teeth，fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I_him_this_her_sand_watch_child_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_man_sheep_box_thief_peach_wich_woman_paper_juice_water_milk_rice_tea_ strawberry_二、一般現(xiàn)在

3、時(shí)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹1、表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue. 天空是藍(lán)色的。2、表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday. 我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3、表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。（二）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成 1、be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。 2、行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChine

4、se.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 （三）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化 1、be動(dòng)詞的變化。 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。 一般疑問句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2、行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+dont(doesnt)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：Doyouoften

5、playfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.4、特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?5、動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks（2）以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes（3）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es

6、，如：study-studies（四）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:1、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_carry_come_watch_plant_fly_study_brush_do_teach_drink_start_2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6.

7、What_theyoften_(do)onSaturdays?7._yourparents_(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_(like)cooking.12.They_(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_(do)yourhomeworkw

8、ell.15.I_(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16.She_(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. Whatday_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.3、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helik

9、esplaygamesafterclass._4.Mr.WuteachusEnglish._ 5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（一）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)基本用法介紹1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing. 如:IamwatchingTV.3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。如:IamnotwatchingTV.4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。如:AreyouwatchingTV?5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+be+主語(yǔ)+

10、動(dòng)詞ing? Whatareyoudoing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+be+動(dòng)詞ing?如:Whoissingingthere?（二）動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：停止stop-stopping 游泳swimswimming 坐下sitsitting逐漸變成getgetting跑runrunning 放下Put-putting（三）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：1、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分

11、詞：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit_2、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_you_(do)now?5.Look.They_(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They_(not,water)theflowe

12、rsnow.7.Look!thegirls_(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_(listen)tomusic.9.Its5oclocknow.We_(have)suppernow10._Helen_(wash)clothes? Yes,sheis.四、將來時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形；w

13、ill+動(dòng)詞原形.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=

14、Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：1、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdonextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。Whattime_you_mee

15、t?2、改句子5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy_goingtogocamping.6.Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_go_jointhem.7.Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_she_afterschool?10.Myfath

16、erandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaytomorrow.(同上)_goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow？五、一般過去時(shí)1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。（yesterday,lastyear/week.） 2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasnt）are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或we

17、re調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didnt+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音

18、節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke

19、,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式isam_fly_plant_are_drink_play_go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat_draw_put_throw_kick_pass_do_Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)1、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I_anEnglishteachernow.2.She_happyyesterday.3.They_gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy_goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_twoyearsoldt

20、hisyear.6.Look,there_lotsofgrapeshere.7.There_asignonthechaironMonday.2、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I_(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_tothezooyesterday,we_tothepark,too.(go)4._you_(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5._he_(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he_.6.GaoShan_(pull)upcarrotsl

21、astNationalDayholiday.7.I_(sweep)theflooryesterday.8.What_she_(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_(find)abeautifulbutterfly.3、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_六、人稱代詞及對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞。人稱代詞：I我we我們you你you你們he他she她it它they他們物主

22、代詞：my我的our我們的your你的your你們的his他的her她的its它的their他們的賓格：me我us我們you你you你him他her她it它them他們主格：Iweyousheheitthey賓格：meusyouherhimitthem形容詞性物主代詞：myouryourherhisitstheir名詞性物主代詞：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs1、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thatisnot_kite.(my)2.Isthis_watch?(you)No,itsnot_.(I)3._ismybrother._nameisJack.Look!(he)4

23、._ismyaunt.Doyouknow_job?_isanurse.(she)5.Whereare_?Icantfind_.Letscall_parents.(they)七、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(1)一般在形容詞或副詞后+er如：tall-taller,strong-stronger,(2)雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再+er如：big-bigger,fat-fatter,(3)把y變i，再+er如：heavy-heavier,early-earlier(4)不規(guī)則變化：如：well-bette