初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解(完整版).ppt

1、The Present Perfect tense,Winter has already come， will it still be far in spring ?,冬天已經(jīng)來(lái)了，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？,Present Perfect Tens 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響； I have already had breakfast.（我已吃過(guò)早餐，我不餓了） 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 We have lived here fo

2、r ten years/ since 10years ago.,主語(yǔ) + have/ has + 過(guò)去分詞（pp）,助動(dòng)詞,無(wú)意義,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),Winter has already come，,will it still be far in spring ?,主語(yǔ) + have/ has + 過(guò)去分詞（pp）,否定形式 havent ( have not ） +過(guò)去分詞 hasnt ( has not ) +過(guò)去分詞,疑問(wèn)句 把助動(dòng)詞 have / has 放在句首,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu),注：主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用 has,You have planted all the trees.

3、 I have planted all the trees. He/she has planted all the trees. They have planted all the trees.,區(qū)別have 和 has的用法,主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用 has,1、regular verbs 規(guī)則變化 （過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去時(shí)變化規(guī)則一樣）,(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived,過(guò)去分詞,(3)、以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞

4、，將 “y” 變?yōu)?“i”， 再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied crycried-cried (4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped,2、irregular verbs不規(guī)則變化（A-B-B）,havehadhad spend spentspent makemademade saysaidsaid findfoundfound hearheardheard,3、不規(guī)則變化（A-B-C）,taketooktaken speak spokes

5、poken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone,4、不規(guī)則變化（A-A-A）,cutcutcut put putput letletlet readreadread,5 不規(guī)則變化 (A-B-A) come came come become became become,1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city.,

6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法,2) 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。 Someone has broken the window. (窗戶現(xiàn)在是壞的) I have already lost the key. (我現(xiàn)在沒有鑰匙) I havent read that book yet . (不了解書的內(nèi)容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的),常與already(已經(jīng)), yet(已經(jīng)), just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng)),never,for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等詞或短語(yǔ)連用.,already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑問(wèn)句

7、尾.,3) 表示從過(guò)去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.,since: (自以來(lái)) 1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) Hehasstayedheresince5oclock. 2)since+ 時(shí)間段+ ago Hehasstayedheresince5hoursago. 3)since+ 從句 ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere. for: (長(zhǎng)達(dá)） for+ 時(shí)間段 He h

8、as kept the book for 2 weeks.,since , for 的用法:,用for 或since填空,Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. Ive taken driving lessons _last month. My sister has had her cell phone _a month . My friends havent visited me _few days ago. We havent used our car _ a long time . She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _

9、years. Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,注：并非所有for作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 搞清一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別,I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里工作了) I have worked here for more than twenty years. （現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作）,疑難點(diǎn),辨析 have been to和 have gone to,My father has gone to Sh

10、anghai for a meeting. 他（已經(jīng)）去了上海。,My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（曾經(jīng)）去了上海。,She has been to China . 她（曾經(jīng)）去過(guò)中國(guó)。（人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）,have been to someplace. 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，已經(jīng)回來(lái) has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，還沒有回來(lái),She has gone to China. 她去了上海 。（人可能回來(lái)了也可能沒回來(lái)）,用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空： 1.Where is y

11、our brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon. 2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice. 3. Here you are at last! Where _ you _? I _ London. 4. David _Australia. Im sure hes already arrived. 5. Is Benny here? No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.,has gone to,Have been to,

12、have been to,have been,have been to,has gone to,has gone to,1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 5. I _ (work) here since

13、 I _ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework.,9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?,1. have, seen, saw 2. Has