




版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
1、Applicability of sectoral CDM options taking Chinas iron and steel sector as an exampleDUAN Maosheng Tsinghua University, China June 4, 2009Outline1. Rationales for the Sectoral Approach2. Assessment of Major Proposals3. Possible Way Forward2Rationales for the Sectoral ApproachAddressing Current Cha
2、llenges Low system efficiency Complicated methodological requirements Inconsistency treatment of similar projects Uncertainties regarding validation/registration/verification/issuance High transaction costs Very limited contribution to technology transfer Additionality of CDM projects3Rationales for
3、 the Sectoral ApproachNew Expectations Deeper involvement of developing countries Scaling-up of the supply International competitive concerns Leakage concern Cost-effectiveness by dealing with major emitting sectors4Major Proposals on Sectoral ApproachAbsolute Target-based Approach Intensity-based A
4、pproachPolicy-based ApproachTechnology-based Approach1.2.3.4.5AssessmentCriteriaAdditionality (offsetting mechanism) Verifiability (data availability and credibility)Encouragement for mitigation (reduced uncertainty) Transaction costs and cost distributions Ownership and distribution of CERsLinkage
5、with the current systemOther challenges1.2.3.4.5.6.7.6Absolute Target-based ApproachConcept (no-lose pre-defined absolute target)Significant fluctuation of the development of the sector, and difficulty of future projectionAdditionality challenge and attractiveness (hot air vs. acceptability)Data cha
6、llengeOwnership and distribution of CERs, and encouragement for mitigation efforts by specific enterprises in the sectorComplicated intl. procedures for both target setting and emissions verificationExclusion of current CDM projectsHuge domestic capacity requirements for host countries1.2.3.4.5.6.7.
7、8.7Absolute Target-based ApproachChinas Annual Steel Output and Relevant Growth Rate from 1980 to 2007 (Unit:10,000 tons)8Intensity-based ApproachConcept (overall sector or specific processes) Diversified products and needs for different intensitiesDifferent technologies and processes and underlying
8、 divergent emission intensities (BOF vs Electric)Technology diversity within the sector (most advanced vs out-of-date, big vs small)Inter-linkage of different processes and difficulty in attributing energy consumption and emissions to specific processes1.2.3.4.5.9Intensity-based ApproachUniform targ
9、et vs additionality and encouragement for mitigationIntensity targets for major processes of specific technologies vs targets for all processesData, distribution and huge initial cost challengeExclusion of current CDM projects and underlying difficulties6.7.8.9.10Intensity-based ApproachEnergy Consu
10、mption Intensity of Irion Production11180%160%140%120%100%80%60%40%20%0%日本韓國歐盟中國大中型中國中小型美國俄羅斯 China MAS.160%US.120%Russia.125%EU 110%China LAM.110%Japan.100%Korea.105%Policy-based ApproachAdditionality demonstration needs and contradiction with the ordinary policy processDifficulties in assessing th
11、e mitigation effects of one policy from the integrated resultsGovernment ownershipDistinction from absolute target-, intensity- or technology-based approaches, for they are the targets of specific policies (development target, energy and thus emissions intensity, technology application)1.2.3.4.12Tec
12、hnology-based ApproachConcept: list of eligible technologies and automatic eligibility of corresponding projectsEnvironmental integrity could be ensured through conservative technology selection and baseline settingPossible huge data requirements at the beginning stage while similar to the currentpr
13、ocess, and publicly available and credible data through participation of professional organizationsProject-level data requirements at the verification stage Clear ownership1.2.3.4.5.13Technology-based ApproachNeeds for addressing technology diversityPossible high initial transaction costs and significantly reduced transaction costs for project participantsStrong encouragement through reduced uncertainties on eligibility and emission reductionsEmission reductions at project level and similarities to current system6.7.8.9.14Possible Way ForwardSerious challenges for all approaches Techn
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 歌唱活動活動方案
- 江山集團(tuán)露營活動方案
- 母嬰店小套路活動方案
- 檢察院集中工作活動方案
- 民政入戶宣傳活動方案
- 江蘇高校女神節(jié)活動方案
- 永輝超市虎年活動方案
- 榜樣發(fā)布活動方案
- 母嬰元旦活動策劃方案
- 汽車店公司團(tuán)建策劃方案
- 海南省??谑?2024年-2025年小學(xué)四年級語文)人教版期末考試((上下)學(xué)期)試卷及答案
- 護(hù)理質(zhì)量控制中心經(jīng)費(fèi)管理辦法
- MFP無機(jī)硅聲能凝膠施工方案
- GB/T 150.1-2024壓力容器第1部分:通用要求
- 籃球課程思政課程設(shè)計
- 2024年質(zhì)量知識競賽考試題庫500題(含答案)
- 2024年北京市中考數(shù)學(xué)真題試卷及答案
- 2024年浙江省杭州市蕭山區(qū)事業(yè)單位招考高頻考題難、易錯點(diǎn)模擬試題(共500題)附帶答案詳解
- 系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)(南方醫(yī)科大學(xué))智慧樹知到期末考試答案章節(jié)答案2024年南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)
- 初中英語大綱詞匯表
- 山東省濟(jì)南市槐蔭區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年小學(xué)六年級語文畢業(yè)檢測指導(dǎo)卷含答案
評論
0/150
提交評論