2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse課下能力提升十八外研版.docx

課下能力提升(十八).根據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1As the economy develops, the natural income goes up with a leap (飛躍)2These foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint (聯(lián)合的) venture.3The word “explode” means “to burst (爆炸) with a lot of force and loud noise”4Will you act as witness (見證人) to the agreement between us?5Over 3 million viewers tune (收看) in to our show daily.6He is familiar with all the important historic (history) events.7The ancient Egyptians had advanced (advance) civilizations.8After waiting for an hour, I was beginning to run out of patience (patient)9Not accustomed (accustom) to associating with business people, she decided to be a teacher after graduation.10How could you make an assumption (assume) about her without meeting her?.選詞填空at the very beginning of， set foot on， be accustomed to， ever since， in shock， be aware of， in spite of， make it1I havent heard from him ever_since last year.2Everybody is_aware_of the importance of the skill.3They elected him monitor at_the_very_beginning_of the term.4He remains excellent in his studies at school in_spite_of having to do parttime jobs every now and then.5Since entry into high school the students have been_accustomed_to staying up late in the evening and getting up early in the morning.6Work hard, and youll make_it eventually.7He was still in_shock from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.8Nobody has ever set_foot_on that island.完成句子1她一聽到這個(gè)悲傷的消息，就失聲痛哭起來。Scarcely had she heard the sad news when she burst_out_crying/burst_into_tears.2兩個(gè)故事我都不喜歡，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)故事并不比那個(gè)故事有趣。I like neither of the two stories. For this story is no_more_interesting_than that one.3我習(xí)慣于在睡覺前聽一些輕音樂。I am_accustomed_to_listening_to some light music.4他夾著一大本書，走出了圖書館。He came out of the library, a_large_book_under_his_arm.5你的作業(yè)下周一必須上交。Your homework is_to_be_handed_in next Monday. .閱讀理解ASaturns icy moon Enceladus could theoretically be home to methaneproducing (產(chǎn)甲烷的) alien life, NASA said. Researchers made the announcement based on data from 2015, when the spacecraft Cassini detected the presence of hydrogen during a flight through a cloud of gas and ice erupting from Enceladus south pole. The hydrogen could be a sign of methanogenesis, a form of breath in which microbes (微生物) produce methane.This is a very significant finding because the hydrogen could be a potential source of chemical energy for any microbes that might be in Enceladus ocean，” Linda Spilker, a scientist at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said at a press conference. “We now know that Enceladus has almost all of the ingredients you would need to support life as we know it on Earth.” The findings were published in the journal Science.“This is the closest weve come, so far, to identifying a place with some of the ingredients needed for a habitable environment，” Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for NASAs Science Mission Directorate, said in a statement. “These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions that are getting us closer to answering whether we are indeed alone or not.”NASA also announced that the Hubble Space Telescope observed what may have been water vapor emerging from the surface of Jupiters moon Europa in 2014, and again around the same area in 2016.Confirming the existence of Europas gas would allow researchers to study that moons chemical makeup without having to dig through miles of icy crust (表面). The Cassini and Hubble discoveries related to these “ocean worlds” will help scientists plan NASAs Europa Clipper mission, set to launch in the 2020s. The plan is for the unmanned spacecraft to orbit Jupiter and perform a detailed investigation of Europa.“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time，” Jim Green, director of NASAs Planetary Science Division, said. “It enables us to make the right set of observations that can tell us much more about these ocean worlds, Europa in particular.”1The new discovery made the scientists feel more _.AconfidentBdoubtfulCworried Dconfused解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“This is a very significant finding”，第三段中的“This is the closest weve come”及最后一段中的“These discoveries are coming just at the perfect time”可知，新的發(fā)現(xiàn)讓科學(xué)家們對(duì)探測(cè)外星生命的任務(wù)更加有信心。2According to the text, NASAs science missions aim to _.Amake space travel a realityBanalyze Jupiters chemical makeupCfind out whether life exists outside EarthDexplore the resources on Saturns icy moon解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“These results demonstrate the nature of NASAs science missions that are getting us closer to answering whether we are indeed alone or not”可知，NASA科學(xué)任務(wù)的本質(zhì)是弄清是否只有地球上存在生命。3Which would be a suitable title for the text?AThere is life outside EarthBEnceladus could harbor alien lifeCA new study about Saturn beginsDNASA is planning a landing on Jupiter解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。本文重點(diǎn)在于告訴我們最近發(fā)現(xiàn)土衛(wèi)二南極有氫氣，這個(gè)跡象可能是外星生命存在的證明。故B項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。BThe oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet (芭蕾) dancer. “Im an inside guy，” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a sixmonth tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”O(jiān)n the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, its just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbondioxide you exhale (呼氣) has a tendency to form an invisible (隱形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks youre falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoying thats why some people feel sick.” Within a couple of days truly terrible days for some astronauts brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. Thats why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a roundtrip to Mars.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在太空中的生活有多神秘？這可能是你想象不到的。本文從不同角度介紹了在太空中生活時(shí)你要面對(duì)的各種挑戰(zhàn)。4What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?ADeciding on a proper sleep position.BChoosing a comfortable sleeping bag.CSeeking a way to fall asleep quickly.DFinding a right time to go to sleep.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Its position presents its own challenges.”可知合適的睡覺姿勢(shì)對(duì)于太空中的宇航員是主要的挑戰(zhàn)。5The astronauts will suffer from a carbondioxide headache when _.Athey circle around on their bikesBthey use microcomputers without a stopCthey exercise in one place for a long timeDthey watch a movie while pedaling解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后三句可知在一個(gè)地方時(shí)間太長就會(huì)引起頭疼。6Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _.Atheir senses stop workingBthey have to stand up straightCthey float out of their seats unexpectedlyDtheir brains receive contradictory messages解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Your inner ear thinks youre falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoying thats why some people feel sick.”可以推知由于他們的大腦接受到相反的信息而引起了他們的惡心。7One of NASAs major concerns about astronauts is _.Ahow much exercise they do on the stationBhow they can remain healthy for long in spaceCwhether they can recover after returning homeDwhether they are able to go back to the station解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知NASA關(guān)心他們?nèi)绾卧谔罩虚L時(shí)間保持健康。.閱讀七選五Five simple things that are actually complexThe proof for “112” is 300 pages long_1_ In the early 20th century, Bertrand Russell wanted to prove that mathematics worked, so he decided to start with the simplest concept and prove 112. However, it took the mathematician and philosopher 372 pages of complex sums.Defining the word “the” is really difficultThe word “the” is one of the most common words in English._2_ For example, why do we say, “I have the flu，” but not “I have the headache？” In the Oxford English Dictionary, there are almost two dozen different ways the word can be used in a sentence correctly.Yawning Some people say we yawn to keep us alert (警覺的) by taking in oxygen. However, various experiments have shown that yawning actually cools down the brain._3_ As for why yawning is contagious (感染性的), no one knows that either.Left and right have been confusing philosophers for yearsWould you explain the concept of left and right in terms of your relative position to a wellknown landmark (地標(biāo)性建筑)? _4_ Its a question that has been puzzling philosophers for years because, without a point of reference, its difficult to define what left and right actually are._5_Youd think that the reason we enjoy things is because it feels good in some way, but its only half the story. Theres a famous experiment where wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an outstanding one just by switching the labels. Their enjoyment of the product wasnt based on appreciation of wine it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.AWhat you feel may not be the truthBWe enjoy things for reasons other than enjoymentCBut what if you were talking to one who couldnt see?DWe all know that one plus one equals two, but do you know why?EIn fact, there is no universally agreed theory for why we actually yawn.FMaybe youd refer to the move of the Earth or something comparably huge.GMost of us have probably never stopped