高考英語(yǔ)必背詞組(附例句).doc

absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉Absence of mind in chemical experiments may cause a serious accident. be absorbed in 全神貫注于（近義詞: be lost in ; be buried in; be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on） Newton was so absorbed in his laboratory work that he often forgot to eat. 牛頓全神貫注地在實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作,常常連吃飯也忘了。 (be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有Fish is abundant in the river.河里魚很多。 access (to) (不可數(shù)名詞) 能接近,進(jìn)入,了解There is no access to the street through that door.穿過(guò)那個(gè)門沒(méi)有通向大街的路。 on account(credit) 賒賬If you buy something on account, you pay nothing or only part of the cost at first, and pay the rest later. on account of 因?yàn)?because of)You use on account of to introduce the reason or explanation for something. on no account不論什么原因也不On no account should the mixture come near boiling. take sth into account 把考慮進(jìn)去The direction of the prevailing winds should be taken into account. give sb an account of 說(shuō)明, 解釋 (理由) account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋, 說(shuō)明The suspect couldnt account for his time that night.嫌疑犯不能說(shuō)明那天晚上他的時(shí)間安排 accuse sb of(=charge sb with; blame sb for; blame sth on sb ; complain about) 指控,控告They were accused of unlawful assembly. be accustomed to doing sth (=be in the habit of doing sth, be used to sth)習(xí)慣于I am not accustomed to being interrupted. be acquainted with 了解; 熟悉He was well acquainted with the literature of France, Germany and Holland. act on 履行Both countries failed to act on recent UN resolutions. 雙方均未能履行聯(lián)合國(guó)近期的決議。 act as 擔(dān)當(dāng)Act as an agent to record the accounts. adapt oneself to (=adjust oneself to)使自己適應(yīng)于He adapted himself to the cold weather.他適應(yīng)了寒冷的天氣。 adapt(for) (=make sth suitable for a new need) 改編, 改寫(以適應(yīng)新的需要)A graded reader(年級(jí)課本, 分級(jí)讀本)is a story which has been adapted for people learning to read or learning a foreign language. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外Theres a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge. adjust to (=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié); 適應(yīng)They are unable to adjust themselves to their environment. have an advantage over 勝過(guò)This custom-built kitchen has many advantages over a standard one. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from)欺騙、利用She took advantage of him even after they were divorced. agreed to同意, 允諾She agreed to my idea她同意我的想法。 agree on 對(duì)意見(jiàn)一致We agree on this count這一點(diǎn)上,我們的意見(jiàn)一致。 agree with 一致；相符合I quite agree with what you say. 你所說(shuō)的我很贊成。 agree with sb 同意某人的觀點(diǎn) I agree with you about the gun situation. in agreement with 同意, 一致 Not all scholars are in agreement with her, however. ahead of 在之前, 超過(guò) Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane. 我們公司制造飛機(jī)零部件比別家的業(yè)績(jī)好。 in the air 1)不肯定, 不具體, 懸而未決2)在謠傳中 3)到處彌漫 Excitement was in the air. 到處充滿了興奮之情 Rumors about the celebrity are still in the air.關(guān)于那個(gè)明星的流言還在謠傳。 above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的 Above all, do not be too proud to ask for advice. in all adv. (=altogether) 總共, 總計(jì) In all some 15 million people live in the selected areas. after all 畢竟,到底; It has turned out to be a nice day after all. 天氣終于轉(zhuǎn)晴了。 (not) at all 一點(diǎn)也不; Im not at all sorry I came, Im glad! 我來(lái)了一點(diǎn)也不遺憾，我很高興。 all at once(=suddenly)突然; I feel terribly sleepy all at once. once and for all 一勞永逸; The problem can be solved once and for all, if you do that.（如果你那樣做，問(wèn)題就可能一勞永逸地得到解決。） above all 最重要的; allow for 考慮到, 把算進(jìn)去 We must allow for his inexperience我們必須考慮到他缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 amount to (=to be equal to) 總計(jì)、等同于 The banks have what amounts to a monopoly（壟斷）. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)、保證(guarantee) I will answer for the truth of what he has said. 我保證他所說(shuō)的話是真的。 apologize to sb for sth 為向道歉 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. 我因踩了她的腳而向她道歉。 appeal to sb 對(duì)某人有吸引力 Does the film appeal to you? apply for申請(qǐng) I want to apply for the job. 我想申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作。 approve of doing(= be in favor of, favor, agree to)贊成 My parents dont approve of me smoking cigarettes. 我的父母不準(zhǔn)許我吸煙。 arise from(=result from) 由引起 Mistakes arose from a basic misunderstanding. 出自于基本上是誤解的錯(cuò)誤 arrange for sb to do sth 安排做 It has been arranged for him by his family to marry a girl of his own class. 他家已就婚姻問(wèn)題為他做好安排，要他娶一個(gè)門當(dāng)戶對(duì)的女孩 be ashamed of 以為羞恥 I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself) now. 我昨天表現(xiàn)不好，我現(xiàn)在感到很慚愧。 assure sb of sth 向保證, 使確信 I assure you its quality. 保證質(zhì)量 attach (to) 縛, 系 ,結(jié) We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.我們要把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的工作放在第一位。 make an attempt at doing sth (to do sth) 試圖做 If you make an attempt to do something, you try to do it, often without success. attend to (=look after) 關(guān)注；注意： Well attend to that problem later. 稍后我們將關(guān)注那個(gè)問(wèn)題 attributeto(=to believe sth to be the result of)把歸因于 David attributed his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. 大衛(wèi)說(shuō)他們公司之所以獲得成功是由于全體員工的團(tuán)結(jié)和堅(jiān)持不懈努力工作的結(jié)果。 on average平均 On average, American firms remain the most productive in the world. American shares rose, on average, by 38%. be aware of (=be conscious of , beware)意識(shí)到 I was not aware of the fire. 我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到火。 turn ones back on sb (=close ones eye to sb) 不理睬(某人),背棄,拋棄 If the world turns its back on you, you turn your back on the world. be based on / upon 基于 This news report is based entirely on fact. 這篇新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)是完全根據(jù)實(shí)際情況寫成的。 on the basis of 根據(jù), 在基礎(chǔ)上 On the basis of the above results, we may establish attractor viewpoint of process of the long-range atmosphere and climate. to begin with (=firstly) 首先, 第一(經(jīng)常用于開(kāi)始語(yǔ)) To begin with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly.首先,我們必須全面地考慮全體員工的素質(zhì)。 on behalf of以名義 Secret Service officer Robin Thompson spoke on behalf of his colleagues. benefit (from) 受益,得到好處 We benefit from daily exercises. 我們得益于每天做操。 for the benefit of 為了的利益(好處) in the interests of 符合的利益 It is not his fault. He did it for your benefit.這不是他的過(guò)錯(cuò)。他是為了你的利益才這樣做的。 All the donations are for the benefit of the disabled children.所有的捐款都是為了幫助殘疾兒童。 for the better 好轉(zhuǎn) Her condition took a turn for the better. 她的情況有所改善 give birth to 出生 His hobby of collecting coins gave birth to his successful business. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火車或飛機(jī) We went on board. 我們登上了輪船/飛機(jī)。 Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. 飛機(jī)上的人都很著急,而且我們急于想了解出了什么事。 boast of (or about) 吹噓 brag about Nobody should boast of his learning. 誰(shuí)也不應(yīng)當(dāng)夸耀自己的學(xué)識(shí)。 in brief(=for short, In summary)簡(jiǎn)言之 In brief he says No 他簡(jiǎn)短地說(shuō)了一個(gè)不字。 on business 出差辦事 (對(duì)應(yīng)for pleasure) Im here on business. last but one 倒數(shù)第二 Jack was the last but one to arrive.杰克是倒數(shù)第二個(gè)到達(dá)的。 but for (=without) 要不是(表示假設(shè)) But for my brothers help, I would not have finished. 要不是我兄弟的幫助，我是無(wú)法完成的。 buy sth formoney 用多少錢買 She bought her friend a present for 50 RMB. 她花了50元買了一件禮物給她的朋友。 be capable of 能夠, 有能力 Are you capable of climbing that tree? 你能爬上那棵樹嗎？ in any case(at any rate, at any price, at any cost, anyhow)無(wú)論如何 Its too late, in any case. 無(wú)論如何太晚了。 in case (=for fear that) 萬(wàn)一; Take along an umbrella, just in case. 隨身帶一把傘，以防萬(wàn)一 in case of (=in the event of, if)如果發(fā)生萬(wàn)一 This is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 這只是個(gè)愚蠢的例子,并非不誠(chéng)實(shí)。 in the case of 在.的情況 What to do in the case of an eye injury? in no case在任何情況下都不(放句首倒裝句) In no case do we recommend that much physical exercise. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 They met by chance on a plane. 他們?cè)陲w機(jī)上不期而遇 for a change換換環(huán)境(花樣等) Eat early for a change. 變化一下提早吃飯 chargefor 因索取(費(fèi)用),charge sb with sth 控告某人犯有 The barber charges ten dollars for a haircut. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 晝夜不停地 This is a terrific mission and we are very busy doing science round the clock. comment on sth評(píng)論 Everyone commented on her new hat. 大家都在評(píng)論她的新帽子。 commit oneself to致力于 I commit myself to strive for grades of “A” to commit oneself to a promise 受諾言的約束 keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和要好 If you keep company with a person or with a particular kind of person, you spend a lot of time with them. by comparison(with) 比較起來(lái) Agricultural productivity remained low by comparison with advanced countries like the United States. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和比起來(lái) They were living rather well, in comparison with people elsewhere in the world. compensate for (=give sth to make up for) 補(bǔ)償, 賠償,彌補(bǔ) Nothing can compensate for the loss of ones health. 一個(gè)人失去了鍵康是不可彌補(bǔ)的。 compensate sb for sth 賠償,彌補(bǔ) Management compensated us for the time we worked. 資方補(bǔ)償我們工作時(shí)間的報(bào)酬 complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨 Jean is always complaining about something. 瓊總是滿腹牢騷。 be concerned about 關(guān)心 關(guān)注 Were rather concerned about fathers health. 我們相當(dāng)擔(dān)心父親的健康。 on condition that (=if) 以為條件, 假如 Ill lend you the book on condition that you return it on Monday. in that = because 因?yàn)?I do it in that I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。 now that = since 既然 I will tell you, now that you ask. 你既然問(wèn)，我就告訴你。 in / out of condition 健康狀況好/不好 He was too out of condition to clamber over the top. in good (bad) condition處于良好(壞)狀態(tài) He had deluded himself that he kept in condition but now he knew differently. confess (to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth wrong)承認(rèn), 供認(rèn); confess to a crime 承認(rèn)罪行 She confessed stealing the money. She confessed to stealing the money. 她承認(rèn)偷了錢。 with confidence 滿懷信心地; The band is on excellent form and brimming with confidence. have confidence in 對(duì)有信心 Its a tragedy that one lacks confidence in himself. 一個(gè)人如果缺乏自信心,那就是悲劇。 be confident of對(duì)有信心Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director. 彼得確信他能獲得總經(jīng)理助理的職位。 confineto 把限制在某范圍內(nèi) The sick child was confined to bed. 這個(gè)生病的小孩不能離床 be confronted with(=face up to) 面對(duì), 面臨 I am confronted with many difficulties. 我面臨很多困難。 congratulate sb on sth祝賀 Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter. 我祝賀你喜獲千金。 be conscious of(=be aware of)覺(jué)察,知道 I was conscious of her presence. 我知道她在場(chǎng)。 in consequence (=as a result) 結(jié)果 You studied hard, and in consequence you passed the test. 你學(xué)習(xí)努力，所以通過(guò)了考試。 in consequence of (=as a consequence of) 由于的緣故 As a consequence of being in hospital, Shelly decided that she wanted to become a nurse. 由于在醫(yī)院的緣故，謝莉決定當(dāng)一名護(hù)士。 under consideration 在考慮中 Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly(州眾議院). takeinto consideration (=take account of, takeinto account)考慮到, 把考慮進(jìn)去 consist of(=comprise及物動(dòng)詞)由組成的 Our class consists of 50 students.Our class is comprised of 50 students. consist in主要在于 The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity. 這位藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格上的美在于它的簡(jiǎn)樸 consult sb on/ about sth 向征求方面的意見(jiàn), 就向請(qǐng)教 I must consult my principal on this matter.這件事我必須與委托人商量一下。 to ones hearts content心滿意足 Although the houses are old, the lighting is good and rent is low. To his hearts content, there is a place for shelter房屋雖有些破舊，但采光好且租金低。有個(gè)可以住的地方令他心滿意足。 be content with(=be satisfied with) 滿足于 be content to do sth 愿意做某事 My parents would be content with my academic performance. 父母會(huì)滿意我在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)的。I am content to leave the details about the plan for your further discussion.我愿意把計(jì)劃的詳細(xì)信息留給你們進(jìn)一步討論。 on the contrary 相反 On the contrary, I admire her intellectual honesty and her pursuit of self-knowledge.相反的是，我欣賞她充滿智慧的直白和對(duì)自我認(rèn)識(shí)的追求。 contrast A with B 把與相對(duì)(對(duì)照) It is interesting to contrast the two writers. 將這兩位作家加以比較是很有意思的. in contrast to/with 和形成對(duì)比 His white hair was in sharp contrast to his dark skin. 他的白頭發(fā)與黑皮膚形成了鮮明的對(duì)比. by contrast 對(duì)比之下 She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well. 她考試差點(diǎn)不及格, 而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好. contribute to 有助于 Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的著作極有助於我們對(duì)這個(gè)困難問(wèn)題的了解. under control(被)控制住 out of control無(wú)法控制 They have got flood waters under control他們已使泛濫的洪水受到了控制。 The lorry ran down the hill out of control.卡車失去控制直往山下沖去。 at ones convenience 在方便的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn) With a caravan, you can stop at your own convenience; youre not dependent on hotels. 開(kāi)著一輛大篷車, 可以隨意停下來(lái), 不用住旅館。 be convenient to / for 對(duì)方便 Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 你明天開(kāi)始工作方便嗎? convince sb of (=cause sb to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb)使某人確信, What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的一番話使我認(rèn)識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了. try to persuade sb to do sth勸說(shuō)某人做 (into doing sth / out of doing sth)You try and persuade her to come out with us. 你去試試勸她跟我們一起出去吧. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)應(yīng)付, 處理 The mayor should take steps to cope with the holiday rush市長(zhǎng)應(yīng)采取措施解決假日食宿交通繁忙的問(wèn)題。 at all costs不惜任何代價(jià) He will attain his goal at all costs他將不惜一切代價(jià)達(dá)到目的。 at the cost/expense of 以為代價(jià) He saved the lives of his friends at the cost of his own他犧牲自己而挽救了朋友的生命。 a matter of course 理所當(dāng)然的事 It is a matter of course that industry will bring us success, wealth and good luck. in due course (At the proper or right time) 正好的時(shí)間 A formal contract will be sent to you in due course. 正式的合同將在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候寄給你。 cure sb of + 某種疾病 治好某人的疾病 Now doctors believe they have cured him of the disease. be in danger (of)處于危險(xiǎn)中; The bridge is in danger of collapse. 橋要塌了。 be out of danger脫離危險(xiǎn) If necessary, the airship can stay up there for days to keep out of danger. date back to可追溯到 If something dates back to a particular time, it started or was made at that time. date from從某時(shí)期開(kāi)始 The present controversy dates from 1986. deal with 安排, 處理, 涉及, 做生意 How would you deal with an armed burglar? 遇到持有武器的盜賊，你將如何對(duì)付？ on the decline 在衰退中, 在減少中 on the increase 在增加 The number of robberies in the area is on the decline. 這地區(qū)的劫案在減少.The demand for consumer goods is ever on the increase對(duì)消費(fèi)品的需求日益增長(zhǎng)。 to ones delight 令某人感到高興to ones regret 遺憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦惱; shame羞愧; surprise 驚奇; astonishment 驚奇; delight in sth (=take great pleasure in doing sth) 因高興 She delights in cooking lovely meals. 她以烹飪美食為樂(lè)。 take delight in sth喜歡干, 以為樂(lè) Our monitor takes delight in helping others我們的班長(zhǎng)樂(lè)于助人。 be dependent on 依靠 She is completely dependent on her daughter for money. 她花的錢完全靠從她女兒那里得到。 deprive sb of sth 剝奪某人某物 The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance. 法庭裁決剝奪了我們?nèi)康睦^承權(quán) derivefrom(=obtainfrom)由來(lái)的 She derives great pleasure from her studies. 她從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得極大樂(lè)趣。 in despair 絕望 She threw up her hands in despair. despite (=in spite of) 不管, 盡管 (直接接名詞) Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday. 盡管天氣不好，我們的假期仍過(guò)得很愉快。 They kept going in spite of their fears. in detail 詳細(xì)地 The teacher explained the text in detail老師詳細(xì)解釋了課文。 on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食, 節(jié)食 No, thanks. I am on a diet. 不，謝謝了我正在節(jié)食. differ fromin 與的區(qū)別在于 She differs from me in many ways. in order 整齊, 狀況良好 He put his papers in order before he left the office離開(kāi)辦公室前，他把文件整理好。The unexpectedness of my fathers death meant that his affairs were not entirely in order. on display(=being shown publicly)陳列 The work was on display. 作品正在展出。 dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉 Please dispose of the waste paper請(qǐng)把這些廢紙?zhí)幚淼簟?make out 辯認(rèn)出 I could barely make out the traffic signs through the rain. 在雨中我?guī)缀蹩床磺褰煌?biāo)志。 (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 與截然不同 Those two suggestions are quite distinct from each other. 這兩個(gè)建議截然不同。 distinguishfrom 把與區(qū)別開(kāi) Speeches distinguish man from the animals. 言語(yǔ)使人區(qū)別于動(dòng)物。 do away with (=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,廢除,取消; The teachers want to do away with cheating in the school老師們想在學(xué)校里消滅作弊現(xiàn)象。They have done away with the old laws他們廢除了舊法律。 do away with (=kill) 殺掉, 鎮(zhèn)壓 He did away with his enemies他殺死了他的敵人。 haveto do with 與有關(guān)系 Thats none of your business; it has nothing to do with you. in doubt懸而未定 An outcome is still in doubt. due to 由于，因?yàn)镠er illness was due to bad food. 她的病是壞了的食物造成的。The accident was due to careless driving這場(chǎng)車禍?zhǔn)谴中鸟{駛造成的。 be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班時(shí) There were 2,250 policemen on duty in and around the stadium. have an ear for 對(duì)聽(tīng)覺(jué)靈敏 Moby certainly has a fine ear for a tune. with ease ( = easily) 容易, 不費(fèi)力 He passed the examination with ease. 她輕松地通過(guò)了考試。 at (ones) ease ( = without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束 I felt at（my）ease. have an effect on 對(duì)有影響 Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body. 含酒精的飲料會(huì)對(duì)你身體有很壞的影響。 take effect 生效 ( come into effect; go into effect; be brought into effect) The new rule took effect last month新規(guī)則上個(gè)月開(kāi)始實(shí)施了。 in effect (=in fact, in essence) 有效，實(shí)際上 The old system is still in effect. 舊制度仍有效。 He is, in effect, my rival. 實(shí)際上他是我的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。 emerge from ( =appear, arise from ) 出現(xiàn), 暴露(問(wèn)題意見(jiàn)等) Advanced figures are emerging in multitude in this era of ours. 在我們這個(gè)時(shí)代先進(jìn)人物正在大量地涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)。 place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 強(qiáng)調(diào), 把重點(diǎn)放在上 Some schools put/lay/place great emphasis on language study. 有些學(xué)校極注重語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí). encourage sb in 鼓勵(lì); encourage sb to do sth Her parents encouraged her in her studies. 她的父母鼓勵(lì)她好好學(xué)習(xí).He encouraged me to write novels.他鼓勵(lì)我去寫小說(shuō) on end (=continuously) 連續(xù)地 There has been no rain for weeks on end持續(xù)幾個(gè)星期沒(méi)下雨了。 at ones wits end 無(wú)法可想, 智窮計(jì)盡 He has already been at his wits end in this matter. be engaged in 忙于,從事 I have a large circle of friends and acquaintances engaged in photography. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth)有權(quán),有資格 Officers are entitled