外文翻譯--孔加工技術(shù)發(fā)展動(dòng)向

附 錄 Hole processing technological development trend In the machine parts processing work, the hole processing accounts for the proportion quite in a big way, with high speed vi state similar is high speed, the high accuracy drills truncates the processing to propose the agenda, the high efficiency hole processing regarding urges the spare part rationalization of production is the indispensable important technological process. In recent years, the spare part production mostly used take the CNC engine bed as the central production shape, when carried on the hole processing, also mostly used the processing center, the CNC electrical finishing tool and so on the advanced equipment. Regardless of which domain hole processing, the realization high accuracy and is high speed all is obtains the user order form the important competition method. The high speed hole processing uses the processing center (MC) condition The realization hole processing high speed precondition is must use the high speed processing center, but the engine bed is high speed must satisfy the following condition. 1. Provides high speed rotates the main axle The drill bit and the end mill equally have the central tooth, because nearby the central tooth has one kind of circumferential velociy, therefore, cutting speed to high speed development time, the main axle rotational speed also must realize high speed. Specially when use minor diameter drill bit, the main axle is high speed is essential. From now on, along with the hole processing high speed progress, estimated the rotational speed will reach 30,000 100000r/min the main axle demand unceasingly to increase. At the same time, because achieved the stipulation the high speed rotation needs the time to be very short as well as to request Z the main axle swinging radius to be supposed to control to (drill bit direction of cut) in the most mild degree, therefore, the high speed main axle disposition is the realization high speed high accuracy hole processes the essential condition. 2. May move partially has Moved quickly the function The main axle and the work table and so on may move partially should reduce the weight as far as possible, realizes the movement quickly to melt, this also carries on the condition which the high speed hole processing must have. 1 hole process period only needs several seconds, therefore, must reduce between hole and hole the tool time of travel, this realizes the high efficiency cutting key question, solves this question way first namely for to be possible to move the part the movement to have to be nimble quickly. For example, even if has achieved the high accuracy pointing accuracy, but like the engine bed may move the partial movements insufficiently keen quickly, also is impossible the realization high speed hole processing request which satisfies the current user to propose. Usually is (the G value) judges the engine bed with the acceleration characteristic to be possible to move the partial quick performance, when G=0.8 1.5, may judge this engine bed for to have the highly quick performance the processing center. 3.The work table and the engine bed overall area proportion should be smaller Move quickly as the processing center users, they hope workstations and workstations outside of the space occupied by some as possible. Particularly Kong processing these costs are higher and lower value-added processing area, the best use of that structure tight processing center. If Japans high-speed physical-chemical testing of CNC milling machine Institute, the scope for 300mm2 processing, machine tools identity covering 950mm2, machine tools covering about three times the size of her biggest chain, the whole structure rather tight. 45000r/min rotational speed for the main axis milling machine, a high-speed machines can. XY axis orientation for mobile structure (workstations only Z axis movement), its acceleration characteristics value G=1.5 that the quick action of a machine tool functions. 4. The main axle may directly supply the refrigerant In drills truncates in the process, processes L/D (bits Kong diameter and deep over) to have specially to pay attention to the row of filings question in 5 above hole, best selects the belt for the oil hole drill bit, in order to carries on the stable processing. Uses by the main axle c enter supplies refrigerant way, regarding replaces the clamping apparatus the locking bolt then is more convenient. 5. Has the hole processing to insert with the CNC tool makes up the function The CNC cutting characteristic lies in may carry on the inspection tool path the reasonable processing, when carries on the CNC machining to the hole, may use the spiral cutting, high walk knives,to cuts and so on the tool inserts makes up the way, has these functions the CNC control system to be possible to perform in the hole processing to apply. 孔加工技術(shù)發(fā)展動(dòng)向 在機(jī)械零件加工作業(yè)中，孔加工所占比例相當(dāng)大，與高速銑削相類(lèi)似的高速、高精度鉆削加工已提上議事日程，高效率孔加工對(duì)于促使零部件生產(chǎn)合理化是不可或缺的重要工藝過(guò)程。近年來(lái)，零部件生產(chǎn)大都采用以 CNC 機(jī)床為中心的生產(chǎn)形態(tài)，進(jìn)行孔加工時(shí)，也大都采用加工中心、 CNC 電加工機(jī)床等先進(jìn)設(shè)備。無(wú)論哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域的孔加工，實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度和高速化都是取得用戶(hù)訂單的重要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)手段。 高速孔加工所用加工中心 (MC)的條件 實(shí)現(xiàn)孔加工高速化的先決條件是必須 采用高速加工中心，而機(jī)床的高速化必須滿足下列條件。 1. 配備高速回轉(zhuǎn)主軸 鉆頭和立銑刀一樣帶有中心齒，由于中心齒附近有一種圓周速度，因此，切削速度向高速化發(fā)展時(shí)，主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速也必須實(shí)現(xiàn)高速化。特別是在使用小直徑鉆頭時(shí)，主軸的高速化更是不可缺少的。今后，隨著孔加工高速化的進(jìn)展，預(yù)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá) 30000 100000r/min 的主軸需求將不斷增多。同時(shí)，由于達(dá)到規(guī)定的高速回轉(zhuǎn)所需時(shí)間很短以及要求 Z 向 (鉆頭切削方向 )主軸伸出長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)控制在最小程度之內(nèi)，因此，高速主軸的配置是實(shí)現(xiàn)高速高精度孔加工不可缺少的條件。 2. 可動(dòng)部分具有動(dòng)作敏捷的功能 主軸和工作臺(tái)等可動(dòng)部分應(yīng)盡可能減輕重量，以實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)作快捷化，這也是進(jìn)行高速孔加工必須具備的條件。 1 個(gè)孔的加工時(shí)間只需數(shù)秒鐘，因此，必須縮短孔與孔之間的工具移動(dòng)時(shí)間，這是實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率切削的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題，解決此問(wèn)題的途徑首先即為可動(dòng)部件的動(dòng)作必須靈活快捷。例如，即便達(dá)到了高精度的