湖南省邵東縣高考英語單項選擇和閱讀理解精煉（11）.doc

湖南省邵東縣2016高考英語單項選擇和閱讀理解精煉（11）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。an international business specialist group has announced that the move towards a green economy is becoming more urgent for emerging economies(新興經(jīng)濟體)，especially south africa. on monday，innovation group announced that green economic policies were becoming increasingly important on the global landscape and for emerging economies.according to pule mokoena，from innovation group，experts believe the adoption of these green policies will assist with“ailing(不景氣的)economies”“the move to a green economy，such as the adoption of alternative energy solutions，should be adopted by economies and countries.”mokoenas comments came as greenpeace africa called on the south african government to review its decision to include nuclear energy into the countrys energy plan.in order to avoid all energy crisis in the country，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal.for this reason，nuclear energy will account for 23 percent of south africas energy needs，followed by coal at 15 percent，hydro at six percent，gas six percent，turbines six percent and renewable energy 42 percent.however，pule said there are other options for south africas energy needs.“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits，”explained mokoena.nobel economics winner joseph stiglitz and the former world bank chief economist agree with mokoena and believe that the need to switch to green technology should be seen as an opportunity and not as a burden.when in south africa earlier this year，stiglitz said a switch to green technology would stimulate demand for a range of goods and services，which would have a beneficial impact on the aftermath of the global recession. he urged policymakers not to be held back by shortterm perspectives.innovation group has already developed a reliable alternate energy solution，which the company believes will change the landscape of this emerging market and other companies will follow suite and offer renewable energy solutions for emerging economies.“we are quickly becoming an industry leader in this space thanks to our inhouse expert knowledge on the various swh technologies available and the application of our business process outsourcing solutions，which allow for the mass rollout of these technologies on a national scale.we are proud to be an active part of the solution to the current energy crisis and plan to become a major force in the drive towards sustainability and good environmental practice，”pule said.【語篇解讀】 像南非這樣的新興經(jīng)濟體經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展之后會面臨能源危機，而走綠色發(fā)展道路是唯一的出路。1which of the following is the best title for this text?aadvantages of green energybgreen policies vital for emerging economiescpotential energy crisis for emerging economiesdhow to develop green energy解析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是像南非這樣的新興經(jīng)濟體會在發(fā)展中遇到能源危機，因此走綠色發(fā)展道路顯得很重要，政府應(yīng)在這方面出臺相應(yīng)的政策。故b項作為本文的標題最合適。答案b2the underlined part “the energy mix had to be diversified”in paragraph 5 implies _.aenergy had to be classifiedbdifferent kinds of energy had to be mixedca variety of energy had to be developed and usedda mixture of various energy was essential解析句意理解題。根據(jù)下文的“including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable energy(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal”可判斷，畫線部分的含義為“要開發(fā)和利用不同種類的能源”。答案c3according to pule mokoena，_.anuclear energy shouldnt be included into energy plansbfocusing too much on the costs of green policies is shortsightedcgreen policies alone can solve the economic problems faced by south africadgreen polices have nothing to do with the use of the existing resources like coal解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第八段中的“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits”可推斷選b項。答案b4according to the text，the main reason for the adoption of green policies is that _.athe existing resources are not efficiently usedbgreen energy costs less to developcgreen policies can solve the current energy crisisdgreen technology will stimulate demand for a range of goods and services解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文尤其是最后一段，為了解決目前的能源危機，為了保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府必須采取這一政策。答案c。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。according to the us government, wind farms off the pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. an experiment under way off the coast of norway, however, could help put them anywhere. the project, called hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (渦輪發(fā)電機). although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2. 3-megawatt turbine, hywind represents totally new technology. the turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture), a technology hywinds creator, the norwegian company statoilhydro, has developed recently. the steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables (纜索); these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. hywinds stability (穩(wěn)定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. if all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern norway as early as september. to produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. to make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the oceans surface. to do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (變速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture). hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. if the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. 1. the hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of.a. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorb. the spar which is floating in deep-sea waterc. the blades driven by strong and steady sea windd. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface2. to balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting.a. on the sea floorb. on the spar topc. at sea level d. behind the blades3. wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can.a. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsb. make financial profits by producing more turbinesc. settle the arguments about environmental problemsd. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea【參考答案】1-3 bcd閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（a、b、c和d)中，選出最佳選項。the organization representing british universities has expressed concern about the potential effect of tuition fees（學(xué)費）after figures showed a drop of more than 6% in student applications with less than a month to go before the deadline for 2013 applications.data from the universities and colleges admissions service (ucas) showed there were 265,784 university applications by uk-based candiates up to 17 decemeber, 6.3% down on the parallel period in the admissions cycle the year before. while this is less than the 8.4% year-on-uear fall seen in earlier ucas figures, released in mid-november, the coming january deadline makes it ever more likely that the total 2013 applicant figure will see a second sizeable fall following the introduction of annual fees of up to 9,000.nicola dandridge, the chairman of universities uk, said : “however, we must be concerned about any drops in the numbers applying to university and in particular, we must look closely at how the increase in graduate contributions in england may be affecting the decisions of promising students. however ,the december figures show a drop in numbers across the uk, suggesting that it is not only a question of tuition fees in england putting off from applying.”a report of the uncas figures to mid-december shows a 6.5% fall for applicants in england and 11.7% for those in wales, with smaller drops of 3.9% for scotland and 0.5% for nortern ireland. scotiish students at home insitiutions pay on fees, while those from nothern ireland have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.dandridge added: “no one should be put off applying to university because of worries about finance.”“it is important that no one is put off applying to university because they do not have information about the student support available to them. most new students dont need to pay directly. there will be more financial support for those from poorer families and everyone will make lower loan repayments thatn they do now once they are in well paid jobs.”文章大意：是一篇時文。報道了英國一個大學(xué)機構(gòu)對2013以及近年來英國學(xué)生上大學(xué)申請人數(shù)逐年下降，并分析了下降的主要原因，同時也建議，學(xué)生應(yīng)該上大學(xué)，并且可以尋求金融資助。36a drop of more than 6% for 2013 applications is probably the effect of .athe increased tuition fees bthe approaching deadlinecthe concern from applicants dthe difficulties with applications【答案】a【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段前兩行the organization representing british universities has expressed concern about the potential effect of tuition fees（學(xué)費）說明主要是受學(xué)費上漲的影響，故a正確。37compared with the previous year, the fall in student applications is .a3.9%b6% c6.3%d8.4%【答案】c【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前三行data from the universities and colleges admissions service (ucas) showed there were 265,784 university applications by uk-based candidates up to 17 december, 6.3% down on the parallel period in the admissions cycle the year before.說明下降的數(shù)據(jù)是6.3%，說明c項正確。38why is the fall for application the smallest in soctoland and northem lreland?abecause they have more financial support.bbecause the tuition is much cheaper for them.cbecause the education is better there.dbecause the universities are free for them.【答案】b【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段a report of the uncas figures to mid-december shows a 6.5% fall for applicants in england and 11.7% for those in wales, with smaller drops of 3.9% for scotland and 0.5% for northern ireland. scottish students at home institutions pay on fees, while those from northern ireland have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.中的have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.以及第三段中的the total 2013 applicant figure will see a second sizeable fall following the introduction of annual fees of up to 9,000.說明這兩個地方的學(xué)費比英格蘭要低了很多，這是主要的原因。故b正確。39which of the following is true?athe application for universities is on a rise continuously.bthe fall for applications is due to family problems.cthe education in scotland and northern ireland is worse.dthe rise of tuition fees has an effect on applications.【答案】d【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段說明學(xué)費的上升是導(dǎo)致學(xué)生大學(xué)申請減少的主要原因。故d項正確。40the last paragraph tells us that .aeveryone should apply to universitybstudents may get financial supportsclower loan repayments is unavailabledmost new students will not pay fees【答案】b【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后三行there will be more financial support for those from poorer families and everyone will make lower loan repayments than they do now once they are in well paid jobs.”說明這些貧窮的學(xué)生可以獲得經(jīng)濟支持而完成他們的學(xué)業(yè)。故b正確。2015高考英語（附解析答案）.單項填空1 _thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.aoneballceverything danything解析 考查不定代詞的用法。句意：最重要的是你要盡力并朝著正確的方向前進。one一個人；all一切，所有；everything每一件事；anything任何事。通覽全句，all符合語意及語境。答案 b2this kind of animal is able to protect itself from danger in many years._，the colouring of its hide makes it almost invisible when it is feeding in the shadow of trees.afirst at all bfirst of allcin all dafter all解析 句意：多年間這種動物能保護自己避免危險。首先，當(dāng)它在樹陰下進食時，它的色彩的隱蔽性使它不易被看到。空白處用來強調(diào)重要性，因此只能用first of all。無a項這種表達法。in all相當(dāng)于altogether“總計”；after all“畢竟”，表程度。答案 b3for professional athletes，_ to the olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.aappeal battachmentcaccess dapproach解析 考查名詞詞義辨析。access進入。句意：對于專業(yè)運動員來說，參加奧運會就意味著他們有機會被載入史冊。appeal請求；attachment附加；approach接近；方法。答案 c4when we climbed up to the top of the hill，we all were _.aout of the breath bshort of breathcout of breath dshort of breaths解析 考查固定短語out of breath的用法。out of breath為“氣喘吁吁”，名詞breath前沒有冠詞a，the，也沒有復(fù)數(shù)breaths形式。答案 c5must i turn off the gas after cooking?of course.you cant never be _ careful with that.aenoughbtoo csodvery解析 考查cant/can never.too.句型，意為“再也不過分”。答案 b6id also like to _ you on your good work in these two years.acongratulate bcelebratecwish dhope解析 考查動詞詞義辨析。congratulate sb.on sth.“祝賀某人某事”，從搭配來看，應(yīng)選擇a項。celebrate的賓語通常是“物”，如節(jié)日、生日等。答案 a7the good thing about children is that they_ very easily to new environments.aadapt bappealcattach dapply解析 考查短語辨析。句意：關(guān)于孩子們，好的一點是他們很容易適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。adapt to表示“使適應(yīng)于”；appeal to表示“對有吸引力”；attach to表示“(使)相關(guān)”；apply to則表示“運用，適用于”。根據(jù)句意，a項正確。答案 a8frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be_to the kids.aaccessible brelativecacceptable dsensitive解析 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：frank把藥放在頂層抽屜中