（全國通用）中考英語 高頻詞匯10日通（Day 1）.doc

（day 1）1. excuse meexcuse me的基本含義是“對不起”，“請?jiān)彙薄Ｋ刹幌駍orry那樣，事后才向別人賠禮，而是事前就先向別人致歉。在日常生活中，以excuse me作為開頭語，一來可以引起別注意；二來表示自己的彬彬有禮。在英國英語中，下列情景要用excuse me：（1）向別人問路、問時間時。excuse me! where is the washroom? 請問，洗手間在哪里？（2）當(dāng)你詢問別人是否準(zhǔn)許你做事時。excuse me! can i put my bike here? 對不起，我能把自行車放在這兒嗎？（3）當(dāng)你向別人打聽某人（某事）時或當(dāng)你要證實(shí)對方是不是某人時。 excuse me! are you mr. black? 打擾了，你是布萊克先生嗎？no, im not. 不，我不是。拓展sorry是im sorry的省略式。sorry是用于表達(dá)由于某種過失或辦不成某事的一種歉意。常用在以下語境中：（1）當(dāng)自己犯了錯誤而給對方可能帶來麻煩時。im sorry. im late. 對不起，我來晚了。（2）當(dāng)別人向你請求某事，而你無法滿足或愛奠能助時。can you spell it, please? 請問，你會拼寫它嗎？sorry, i cant. 對不起，我不會。2. howadv.（1）作疑問副詞, 引起問句（表示方法，手段，狀態(tài)），意為“如何, 怎樣”。how does he go to school? 他是怎樣去上學(xué)的？（2）作連接副詞, 引起從句（也可以和不定式連用），意為“如何, 怎樣”。i asked how he was getting on. 我問他近來怎么樣。i should like to know how to do it well. 我很想知道怎樣才能做好這件事。（3）和many, much, long 等連用，表示“多少, 多久”。how long have you been waiting? 你已經(jīng)等了多久?（4）用于感嘆句中，表示“何等, 多么”。how well she sings! 她唱得多好啊！3. findvt.（1）找到i cant find my e-dictionary. 我找不到我的電子詞典。（2）發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺i found a book lying on the ground. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上有本書。we found it difficult to understand him. 我們覺得難以理解他。find(v.)的反義詞為lose(v.)“丟失”。find后面常接動名詞作補(bǔ)語，接省略to的不定式作補(bǔ)語，或跟賓語補(bǔ)語。拓展find, look for和find out三者均有“找”的含義，但“找”的方式不一樣。（1）find為“找到” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果，通常指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)。have you found the bike you lost last week? 你找到上周丟的自行車了嗎？（2）look for意為“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的動作或過程。 are you still looking for that place？你還在找那個地方嗎？（3）find out指經(jīng)過觀察、調(diào)查把某事、某物查出來，搞清楚、弄明白。when he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked. 當(dāng)他還是個孩子時，就愛弄明白各種事物的來龍去脈。4. take vt., vi.(took , taken , taking )（1）拿；取please take those things home. 請把那些東西拿回家。（2）拿走；帶走who has taken my chocolate? 誰拿了我的巧克力？拓展take“拿走”“帶走”，指離開說話方向而去；bring“帶來”，是指朝說話人從別處把東西或人帶來。he brought a new book with him. 他帶來一本新書。（3）花費(fèi)（時間）常用it作形式主語，賓語大多是時間、金錢。常用句型為：it takes(sb) some time to do sth.。just a minute, it wont take me long to change. 等一下,我很快就可以換好衣服。（4）吃；喝；服用；吸入take your medicine. 把藥服下。（5）乘，坐，搭（車、船）shall we go by bus or take a taxi? 我們是乘公共汽車去還是乘出租汽車去? 短語搭配take a walk 散步take away 拿走take a train(a bus) 乘火車（公共汽車）take down 取下take off 脫下,起飛 take care of照料take out 取出take a rest 休息take ones time 不急；慢慢等take turns 輪流take a picture照相take ones temperature 量體溫5. have vt.（1）有i have a few friends here.在這兒我有一些朋友。拓展動詞have與there be表示“有”的區(qū)別：have表示“擁有”，常用來表達(dá)所屬或構(gòu)成關(guān)系，主語多是人；而there be結(jié)構(gòu)通常表示“某處有某物（或某人）”，是表示存在意義的“有”，主語是緊接其后的名詞，而不是后面的地點(diǎn)。試比較：i have a new dictionary. 我有一本英語詞典。there is a dictionary in my bag. 我書包里有一本英語詞典。（2）吃；喝what did you have for supper? 晚餐你們吃了什么？（3）進(jìn)行；經(jīng)受we had sports meeting last week. 上周我們舉行了運(yùn)動會。have作助動詞時與過去分詞一起連用，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時或過去完成時。i have already seen the film.我已看過這部電影。短語搭配have用作行為動詞還常與一些名詞搭配在一起，構(gòu)成短語，表示做某件事情。此時短語have的意思失去了“有”含義。have a lesson上課have a meeting 開會have a good time 玩得高興have breakfast/ lunch/ supper吃早飯(午飯、晚飯)have a look (at)看一看 have a talk 談話、交談have a rest 休息一下have a headache 頭疼6. let vt., vi. (let, letting)（1）允許，讓my mother wouldnt let me go to the film. 我媽媽不會讓我去看電影的。（2）放開；釋放let each man decide for himself. 讓每個人自己決定。let的賓語后面常跟不帶to動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。像這樣的動詞還有feel, hear, notice, see, watch等（3）lets.是let us的的縮寫，意為“讓我們”。 let后面的賓語如果是代詞，應(yīng)用賓格，后面接動詞原形?；卮饡r，如同意，可說ok!或all right!等；如不同意，則說no, lets .。lets make it a little earlier.讓我們（把時間定得）稍早一點(diǎn)兒吧。ok.好的lets play basketball.我們打籃球吧。no, lets go and see the monkeys.不，我們?nèi)タ春镒影?。?）在以lets開頭的祈使句中，其反意疑問部分要用shall we?若以let us開頭，反意疑問部分要用will you? lets have a break, shall we?let us stop here, will you?在上述兩個例句中，lets的含義是包括聽話的人在內(nèi)，let us的含義是“請求允許”，不包括聽話的人在內(nèi)。7. soundvt. & vi.似乎；聽起來his explanation sounds all right. 他的解釋似乎有理。your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法聽起來很好。sound為連系動詞，后邊接形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“聽起來”。that sounds interesting. 那聽起來很有趣。that sounds boring. 那聽起來很無聊。拓展其他常用連系動詞：taste嘗起來 feel感受到 touch摸起來 smell聞起來 look看起來8. like vt.（1）喜歡, 愛好do you like your teacher? 你喜歡你們的老師嗎？（2）like常與should, would連用，意為“欲, 想, 愿意, 希望”。i should like to stay here. 我想留在這里。（3）感覺how do you like this book? 你覺得這本書怎么樣?like doing和like to do（1）like doing (sth.)表示“喜歡做某事”，它側(cè)重于經(jīng)常性地喜歡做某事。tom likes flying kites. tom喜歡放風(fēng)箏。（2）like to do (sth.) 表示“喜歡做（某事）”，它側(cè)重于具體的、一次性的動作或行為，也表示偶然喜歡做某事。i like going fishing, but i dont like to do it today.我喜歡釣魚, 但我今天不想釣。would likewould like表示“想做某事”，would like主要用于婉轉(zhuǎn)地提出請求、建議或某種看法。語氣比want更委婉。would like后面一般跟動詞不定式，也可以跟事物名詞。在表示建議或請求時，肯定回答常說yes, please/ yes, id love(like) to；否定回答常說no, thanks. would like.意為“你想要嗎？”用來提出建議，后面可以接名詞，也可以接動詞不定式。would you like something to eat?你想要吃的東西嗎？would you like to go shopping with me?你愿意和我一起去買東西嗎？yes, id love to! 是的，我很原意。would you like a mooncake?吃塊月餅好嗎？no, thanks. 不用，謝謝。1. _! is that your bike under the tree? a. im sorryb. excuse me c. tell me d. pardon2. _, could you tell me the way to the park street? the park street? oh, go straight and turn left. you cant miss it.a. all right b. never mindc. excuse med. thank you3. are you miss green? no, im not. oh, _. a. excuse me b. sorry c. thank you d. all right4. _ do they come to school every day? they _ the subway. a. how, byb. what, takec. how, taked. what, by5. this blue jacket looks nice on you. _ is it? its 50 dollars. a. how manyb. how muchc. how longd. how often6. _ beautiful the bird is! a. what b. what a c. how d. how a7. my dad bought me a new mp4, but i dont know _. lets read the instructions.a. what to use b. which one to usec. how to use it d. when to use it8. please _ an umbrella with you when you go out. a. bring b. put c. get d. take9. why do chinese people like red? because they think it can _ them good luck.a. carryb. bringc. maked. take10. miss king has visited the art museum. i am going to _ her somewhere else this afternoon.a. takeb. bringc. pushd. carry11. how long did it _ you to finish the work yesterday? two hours. a. spent b. cost c. take d. pay12. my sister _ a good baseball.a. is b. have c. has d. there is13. does he _ a sister? no, he doesnt.a. has b. is c. have d. are14. let him _ a rest. i think he must be tired after the long walk. a. have b. gets c. to take d. has15. why wont you go to the movie with me, betty? because i _ it twice.a. see b. will seec. saw d. have seen16. lets _ take the baby home. a. not b. not to c. dont d. no17. lets go out and play football. _.a. its very kind of you b. it doesnt matterc. thats a good idea d. youre welcome18. let us listen to the mp3, _? a. shall we b. will you c. do we d. dont we19. the suitcase looks too heavy for the lady to carry. lets go to help her, _? a. will youb. wont you c. shall we d. do we20. the songs of s. h. e. sound _. their cds sell _.a. well, well b. good, well c. well, good21. have you heard the song “take me to your heart”? yes, it _ terrific. all of us like it very much.a. smells b. sounds c. looks d. tastes22. my aunt _ cakes very much. a. like to make b. likes t