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confucius Confucius bornKongQiu styledZhongNi wasborninthevillageofZouinthecountryofLuin551B C apoordescendantofadeposednoblefamily descendant son grandson great grandsonetc deposed sb beforcedtogiveuphispoliticalposition AsConfuciuswasugly hisfatherlefthiminthiscavewhenhewasborn Confucius Life Asachild heheldmake believetemplerituals asayoungadult hequicklyearneda forfairness politenessandloveoflearning andhewasreputedtobequitetall Hetraveledextensivelyandstudiedattheimperialcapital Zhou whereheissaidtohavemetandspokewithLaoZi thefounderofDaoism make believe pretendritualn ceremonyimperialadj royalextensively wideA reputation common B renown thestrongesttone UponhisreturntoLu hegainedrenownasateacher butwhenhewas35 DukeZhaoofLuledhiscountrytowar frequentlycomingtohimforadvice WhenothernoblesbeganplottingagainstConfucius position DukeZhaorefusedtointervene andConfuciusreturnedtoLu Butconditionstherewerenobetterthanbefore andConfuciusretiredfrompubliclifetoconcentrateonteachingandstudying Plotvi discusssecretlyIntervene stopthisact Atage50 hewasapproachedbytheBaronofQitohelpdefendagainstarebellion buthedeclined HewaslaterpromotedbynewDukeofLuseveraltimes eventuallybecomingChiefMinisterofLu Rebellion violentactionbysomepeoplewhotrytochangeacountry spoliticalsystem promote sb begivenabetterjobandhigherposition Guessthemeaningofdecline ConfuciusspentthenextfiveyearswanderingChinawithhisdisciples findingthathispresenceatroyalcourtswasrarelytoleratedforlongbeforenobleswouldbeginplottingtodrivehimoutorhavehimkilled Disciple student believer Afterfurtherwanderings heeventuallyreturnedtoLuatage67 Althoughhewaswelcomedthereandchosetoremain hewasnotofferedpublicofficeagain nordidheseekit Insteadhespenttherestofhisyearsteachingand finally writing Hediedat72 Confucius Thoughts Humaneness Etiquette Wisdom filialpiety Loyalty Trust Justice FromTheAnalects 論語(yǔ) wefindConfucius centralbeliefisthatofthevirtueofren Renisrenderedashumaneness ThesimplestexplanationConfuciusgavetohisdisciplesforthistermwas Toloveothers Virtue goodqualityorwayofbehaving Confucius Sayings Theywhoknowthetrutharenotequaltothosewholoveit andtheywholoveitarenotequaltothosewhodelightinit 知之者不如好之者 好之者不如樂(lè)之者 Hewasofanactivenatureandyetfondoflearning andhewasnotashamedtoaskandlearnofhisinferiors 敏而好學(xué) 不恥下問(wèn) Nottomendthefaultonehasmadeistoerrindeed 過(guò)而不改 是謂過(guò)矣 Thewisefindpleasureinwater thevirtuousfindpleasureinhills Thewiseareactive thevir

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