外文翻譯--設(shè)計液壓裝置編制技術(shù)文件

附 錄 Design hydraulic device, compile technical documents 1. The overall layout of the hydraulic device Overall layout of the hydraulic system of a centralized, decentralized. Centralized structure will be the source of oil equipment, hydraulic systems, control valves set to host some independent outside or installed in the ground to form the hydraulic station. Decentralized structure is to pump the hydraulic system, control device adjusting device is installed in the appropriate places. Such as machine tools, construction machinery and other mobile devices generally use this structure. 2. Hydraulic valve configurations 1) The plate configuration is to configure the plate plate hydraulic components on plates with screws, board drilled with holes corresponding to the valve port, through the connection tubing and fittings will be connected to the valve at the system map. This configuration can be changed according to need flexible circuit form. Hydraulic test stand and other commonly used this configuration. 2) Integrated hydraulic system configuration most of the current use of an integrated form. It is the hydraulic valve installed in the manifold, the manifold block mounting plate from the role on the one hand, on the other hand played the role of the internal circuit. This configuration is compact and easy to install. 3. Manifold Design 1) Manifold block structure was usually cast iron or steel materials, iron available mortgage capital equipment, high pressure situations to use forged strong vibration. Block processed into cubes or rectangular. For relatively simple hydraulic system, the valves less can be installed on the same manifold. If the complexity of the hydraulic system, control valve more, we must adopt a number of manifold laminated form. Mutual superimposition of the blocks, usually laminated on the following joints, drilling a hole public pressure P, the public back to the hole T, L, and 4 leaking hole for fastening the bolt hole laminated. P hole, the pressure of the oil pump output through the common pressure regulator into the hole after the P, as the pressure oil supply circuit of the units public oil. T hole, the oil return loop of each unit are through to the public back to port T, flow back to tank. L hole, the hydraulic valve leak oil, uniform flow back into the tank through the public disclosure of hole. Manifold surface of the remaining 4, the general behind the tubing connected to hydraulic actuators, and the other three surfaces for the installation of hydraulic valves. Map within the block according to the requirements of the system, drilling a communication channel of the valve. 2) Manifold structure to determine the size dimensions to meet the installation of valves, channel layout, and other process requirements. To reduce the technical hole, shorten the channel length, the valve is installed to be carefully considered so interlinked hole or at the same level as the same vertical plane. For complex hydraulic system that requires multiple integrated block laminated, we must ensure that the coordinates of the three common same hole, so that laminated together to form the three main channels. With the diameter of the hole to allow the flow rate to meet the requirements, in general, communicating directly with the valve of the valve aperture should be equal to the hole diameter. Hole between the wall thickness is not too small, on the one hand to prevent the use of the process, due to the pressure of oil breakdown, on the other hand to avoid the processing, the deflection due to the wrong hole through. For the low-pressure system, the hole between the wall thickness not less than 5 mm, high-pressure system should be greater. Hydraulic system is fully established, the hydraulic system to be formally drawn map. In addition to using the original schematic graphical symbols, but also includes action tables and component specifications circulation model table. The figure the components stop position by the system, said the general, such as special needs, but also a moment of movement state can draw, but to illustrate this. 設(shè)計液壓裝置編制技術(shù)文件 1.液壓裝置的總體布局 液壓系統(tǒng)總體布局有集中式、分散式。 集中式結(jié)構(gòu)將是整個設(shè)備液壓系統(tǒng)的油源、控制閥部分獨立設(shè)置主機之外或安裝在地下，組成液壓站。分散式結(jié)構(gòu)是把液壓系統(tǒng)中液壓泵、控制調(diào)節(jié)裝置分別安裝在設(shè)備上適當?shù)牡胤?。如機床、工程機械等可移動式設(shè)備一般都采用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。 2.液壓閥的配置形式 1）板式配置 板式配置是把板式液壓元件用螺釘固定在平板上，板上鉆有與閥口對 應(yīng)的孔，通過管接頭聯(lián)接油管而將各閥按系統(tǒng)圖接通。這種配置可根據(jù)需要靈活改變回路形式。液壓實驗臺等普遍采用這種配置。 2) 集成式配置 目前液壓系統(tǒng)大多數(shù)都采用集成形式。它是將液壓閥件安裝在集成塊上，集成塊一方面起安裝底板作用，另一方面起內(nèi)部油路作用。這種配置結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、安裝方便。 3.集成塊設(shè)計 1）塊體結(jié)構(gòu) 集成塊得材料一般為鑄鐵或鍛鋼，抵押固定設(shè)備可用鑄鐵，高壓強振場合要用鍛鋼。塊體加工成正方體或長方體。 對于較簡單的液壓系統(tǒng)，其閥件較少，可安裝在同一個集成塊上。如果液壓系統(tǒng)復雜，控 制閥較多，就要采用多個集成塊疊積的形式。相互疊積的集成塊，上下面一般為疊積接合面，鉆有公共壓力油孔 P，公用回油孔 T，泄露油孔 L 和4 個用以疊積緊固的螺栓孔。 P 孔，液壓泵輸出的壓力油經(jīng)調(diào)壓后進入公用壓力油孔 P，作為供給各單元回路壓力油的公用油源。 T 孔，各單元回路的回油均通到公用回油口 T，流回到油箱。 L 孔，各液壓閥的泄露油，統(tǒng)一通過公用泄露油孔流回油箱。集成塊的其余 4 個表面，一般后面接通液壓執(zhí)行元件的油管，另三個面用以安裝液壓閥。塊體內(nèi)部按系統(tǒng)圖的要求，鉆有溝通各閥的孔道。 2）集成塊結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的確定 外形 尺寸要滿足閥件的安裝，孔道布置及其他工藝要求。為減少工藝孔，縮短孔道長度，閥的安裝位置要仔細考慮，使相通油孔盡量在同一水平面或是同一豎直面上。對于復雜的液壓系統(tǒng)，需要多個集成塊疊積時，一定要保證三個