自動化專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí).doc

考試內(nèi)容：1.單詞：漢英2.單詞：英漢3.句子：英漢4.摘要：漢英civilian use 民用biometric security 生物識別安全系統(tǒng)security alarm system 防盜報警系統(tǒng)structured cabling 結(jié)構(gòu)化布線router 路由器gateway 網(wǎng)關(guān)ventilation 通風(fēng)air conditioning units空調(diào)設(shè)備illumination 照明electron 電子heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R)暖通空調(diào)制冷protocol（數(shù)據(jù)傳遞的）協(xié)議performance map 性能圖compressor 壓縮機Micro-electromechanical System微型機電系統(tǒng)automated diagnostics 自動診斷Intelligent Building 智能建筑smart home 智能家居Centralized management, decentralized control 集中管理、分散控制registers 寄存器analog circuit 模擬電路feedback 反饋amplifier 放大器actuator執(zhí)行機構(gòu)regulate調(diào)節(jié)Artificial intelligence人工智能word recognition 文字識別Adaptive Control自適應(yīng)控制telecommunication 電信terminal 終端water supply and discharge給排水weak electricity 弱電architecture建筑學(xué)manipulate 操作office automation 辦公自動化operational amplifier運算放大器addition 加subtraction 減multiplication 乘integration 積分single phase circuit 單相電路transducer 傳感器單詞漢譯英或英譯漢circuit components 電路元件Conductor導(dǎo)體Wire 導(dǎo)線Circuit diagram 電路圖Voltage drop電壓降Non-linear characteristic非線性特性ideal source 理想電源ideal voltage source理想電壓源ideal current source理想電流源potential電位series and parallel equivalent circuit串并聯(lián)等值電路internal resistance 內(nèi)阻complex number 復(fù)數(shù)vector 向量absolute value 絕對值complex peak value 復(fù)數(shù)幅值rotating vector 旋轉(zhuǎn)變量logic circuit 邏輯電路digital circuit 數(shù)字電路chance variable 隨機變量decimal number 十進制數(shù)logic condition 邏輯狀態(tài)output lead 輸出端logic OR function 邏輯或函數(shù)logic AND function 邏輯與電路logic NOT function 邏輯非電路logic NOR function 邏輯或非電路an assembled circuit 集成電路the processing, the storage and the transmission of information信息處理、存儲和傳送assembly cost 裝配成本single chip microcomputer 單片機process control 過程控制Microprocessor 微處理器modular design 模塊化設(shè)計interface 接口manual supervision 手動操作general-purpose elements 通用元件the large scale integrated circuit-the silicon chip大規(guī)模集成電路-硅片software engineering 軟件工程英譯漢 課本翻譯的句子1.An energy source ( a primary or secondary cell , a generator , and the like )converts chemical , mechanical ,thermal or some other from of energy into electric energy . An energy converter ,also called load (such as a lamp , heating appliance , or electric motor) , converts electric energy into light , heat , mechanical work , and so on.電源（如源生電池、再生電池和發(fā)電機等）將化學(xué)能、熱能或其他形式的能量轉(zhuǎn)換成電能。能量轉(zhuǎn)換器（也稱作負載，比如燈泡、取暖器及電機等）將電能轉(zhuǎn)換成光、熱和機械等能量。2.A.C. circuit analysis involves the addition of harmonic time functions having the same frequencies but different peak values and epoch angles .Direct addition of such functions would call for unwieldy trigonometric transformations . Simpler approaches are provided by the Argand diagram ( graphical solution ) and by the method of complex numbers ( analytical solution).交流電路的分析包括對有相同頻率、不同幅值和初相角的諧振時間函數(shù)的加法。這些函數(shù)的直接相加將要求用到繁雜的三角轉(zhuǎn)換。簡單的方法是采用阿爾法岡圖法（圖解法）和復(fù)數(shù)方法（解析方法）。3.The entire system of Boolean algebra can be built up using combinations of only three basic functions , the logic AND ,the logic OR , and logic NOT(or negation). Any Boolean equation can be realized by some combination of these three basic functions . These three basic functions will be discussed in detail below.布爾代數(shù)的整個系統(tǒng)都可以由三個基本函數(shù)邏輯“與”、“或”和“非”組合構(gòu)成。任何一個布爾等式可由這三個基本函數(shù)中的一部分組合而成，以下將詳細討論這三個基本函數(shù)。4.Many types of automatic control systems have appeared during the twentieth century , based on electronic , mechanical , hydraulic and fluidic principles . In each case the design techniques have been similar because each component of the system usually contributes a single well defined function to the system behaviors .在20世紀，出現(xiàn)了許多種基于電子、機械、液壓和流體原理的自動控制系統(tǒng)。由于系統(tǒng)中的每一個元件通常對系統(tǒng)的運轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)只起單一確定的功能，各種類型系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計技術(shù)是相似的。5.The first advantage has already been mentioned ; the large-scale integration of electronic systems has reduced the number of components which are used ,leading to an increase in the overall reliability of the system and a reduction in assembly costs . The decrease in size which results from large-scale integration means that the equipment based on microcomputers is usually much smaller,lighter,and more robust than that using older technologies第一個優(yōu)點已經(jīng)提到過了，就是電子系統(tǒng)的大規(guī)模集成已經(jīng)降低了所用的元件數(shù)量，促使系統(tǒng)的總體可靠性的提高和裝配費用的降低。由于大規(guī)模集成引起的尺寸減小意味著基于微型計算機的設(shè)備功能通常要小得多，輕得多，并且比用舊技術(shù)制成的設(shè)備要更為強大。6.P116第一段：Electronic systems are used for handling information in the most general sense.to store and process numbers.廣義地說，電子系統(tǒng)是用于處理信息的，這種信息可以是電話交談、儀器讀數(shù)或企業(yè)賬戶，但是各種情況下都涉及相同的主要操作：信息處理、存儲和傳送。在常規(guī)的電子設(shè)計中，這些操作都是以功能平臺方式組合起來的，例如計數(shù)器，無論是電子還是機械的，都要存儲當(dāng)前值，并安要求將該值增1。諸如采用計數(shù)器的電子時鐘之類的任一系統(tǒng)要使其存儲和處理能力遍布整個系統(tǒng)，因為每個計數(shù)器都能存儲和處理一些數(shù)字。7.P117：Microcomputers use RAM (Random Access Memory).Read Only Memories , EEPROMS .微計算機常使用RAM（隨機存取存儲器），在RAM中數(shù)據(jù)可被寫入，并且在需要時可被再次讀出所以稱為電可擦除可編程只讀存儲器EEPROM。8.To employ feedback control , we must first measure the condition we wish to maintain at the desired standard . The condition (variable) may be temperature ,pressure ,flow, level , conductivity ,PH ,moisture content, or the like .要應(yīng)用反饋控制，我們首先必須測出所要維持的某個期望標準的對應(yīng)狀態(tài)。這狀態(tài)（變量）可是溫度、壓力、流量、物位、電導(dǎo)體、PH值、濕度或類似值。9.System model can be developed by two distinct methods . Analytical modeling consists of a systematic application of basic physical laws to system components and the interconnection of these components .Experimental modeling ,or modeling by synthesis ,is the selection of mathematical relationship which seems to fit observed input-output data .系統(tǒng)的模型可以通過兩類截然不同的方法來建立。解析模型是將物理學(xué)基本定律系統(tǒng)性地應(yīng)用于系統(tǒng)各組成部分及其相互之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系進而獲取結(jié)果的方法。經(jīng)驗建模，或叫綜合建模，是一種通過尋找數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系而建立模型的方法，這種數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系應(yīng)該能夠與輸入-輸出觀測數(shù)據(jù)相配合。PPT部分1.Typically, a robot system will contain six actuators which are required for full control of position and orientation.通常一個機器人系統(tǒng)需要六個執(zhí)行器，這是對位置和方向進行全面控制的需要。2.A control system is considered to be any system which exists for the purpose of regulating or controlling the flow of energy, information, money, or other quantities in some desired fashion.控制系統(tǒng)是任意一個這樣的系統(tǒng)：其目的是為了某種期望方式來調(diào)節(jié)或控制諸如能量、信息、資金等物理量的流動。3.Intuitively, an adaptive regulator is a regulator that can modify its behavior in response to changes in the dynamics of the process and the disturbances直觀的說，自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)器是一類能夠?qū)^程特性和擾動的變化做出反應(yīng)，相應(yīng)地改變性能的調(diào)節(jié)器。4.The style and feature of design of the new building of Science Hall are introduced in aspects of architecture, structure, water supply and discharge, air-conditioning and weak electricity in this article.這篇文章從建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、給排水、暖通(空調(diào))、弱電等方面介紹了科學(xué)會堂新樓的設(shè)計風(fēng)格和設(shè)計特色。 5.Office automation is the term that describes the use of the electronic devices such as computer, facsimile machines and computerized telephone system to make office work more productive.辦公自動化,這個術(shù)語介紹了利用電子設(shè)備,如電腦、傳真機、程控電話系統(tǒng)使辦公室工作更有效率. 6.Viewed in this light, it will be found that the analysis of three-phase circuits is little more difficult than that of single-phase circuits.這樣看來，三相電路的分析比單相電路的分析難不了多少。7.A transducer is a device which converts the quantity being measured into an optical, mechanical, or-more commonly-electrical quantity.傳感器是一種將被測量量轉(zhuǎn)換成一個光學(xué)、機械、或者更普通的電子量的裝置。8.CAD is a kind of software that can help engineers designing new products, architecture, printed circuit boards and civil works like bridge and airports to relieve them from the tedious tired and time consuming work like drafting and drawing.CAD是一種軟件，可以幫助工程師設(shè)計新產(chǎn)品，建筑物，印刷電路板，橋梁和機場等土建工程，以減輕他們從繁瑣的疲憊和時間耗時的工作，如起草和繪圖。9.MEMS (Micro-electromechanical Systems) sensors are low cost when manufactured in large volumes, small and lightweight, and can have good accuracy and resistance to long term drift.MEMS（微型機電系統(tǒng)）傳感器體積小、重量輕、精度好,抗長途運輸性好，可以以低成本大量生產(chǎn)。10.The costs of field installation for monitoring and control systems are a major part of total system costs and are due to wiring of individual components, sensor installation, and software implementation.由于單個元件接線、傳感器安裝,軟件啟用，監(jiān)測和控制系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場安裝成本是整個系統(tǒng)成本的一個主要部分。11.There are a variety of wireless approaches that could ultimately be widely applied for monitoring and control in buildings because of reduced installation costs.為了減少建筑安裝費用，各種各樣的無線方式最終將會被廣泛應(yīng)用于監(jiān)測和控制。12.In mesh networks, individual nodes can serve as transmitters, receivers, and routers that relay m