新概念一考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 學(xué)生版.ppt

含有Be動(dòng)詞的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Thisisabook Thisisnotabook Isthisabook Yes itis No itisn t 特殊疑問(wèn)句 Howareyou Whatisyourjob Whatnationalityareyou Whosehandbagisthis Whoisthatman 總結(jié)特殊疑問(wèn)詞 考點(diǎn)一名詞的分類 考點(diǎn) 2 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1 規(guī)則變化 一般詞尾 s 兩人兩菜 es 其他 s 以s x ch sh結(jié)尾 es 以ce se d ge結(jié)尾 s 以輔音 y結(jié)尾 變y為i es 以f fe結(jié)尾 變f fe為ve s 某些以f結(jié)尾 s 2 不規(guī)則變化 單復(fù)同形 feet teeth men women man變men moman變women Englishmen menteachers womendoctors 前詞后詞都變復(fù)數(shù) 不變 變復(fù)數(shù) boystudents girlfriends children 3 特殊情況 1 有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式 如 clothes shorts pants scissors 剪刀 goods glasses 眼鏡 2 有些名詞以s結(jié)尾 但不是復(fù)數(shù)形式 如 news maths physics politics 不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞如 water rice fish meat等 特別記住 workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweathercottonhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine 3 常用apieceof acupof aglassof abottleof等來(lái)表示不可數(shù)名詞的量 單復(fù)數(shù)表現(xiàn)在of前面的名詞上 而of后始終是單數(shù) Thereisapieceofpaperinthebook Threeglassesoforangeareonthedesk 有些可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞在一定情況下可相互轉(zhuǎn)化 同一個(gè)詞 但意思不同 1 glass 玻璃 aglass 玻璃杯 paper 紙 apaper 報(bào)紙 work 工作 awork 著作 room 空間 aroom 房間 2 fruit 水果 fruits 各種水果 fish 魚(yú) fishes 各種魚(yú) air 所有頭發(fā) hairs 幾根頭發(fā) time 時(shí)間 times 時(shí)代 考點(diǎn)3名詞所有格 s s s s 最后一人名 s s s 各個(gè)名 aphotoofmyfamily aweek stime twomiles walk Tom s mine Be動(dòng)詞填空 1 Physics be anewsubjectinGradeTwo 2 Myglasses be red 我的眼鏡是紅色的 3 Anewpairofpants be onthebed 床上有一條新短褲 Herfamily be movingtoLiaoningnextweek 她家 Herfamily be havingsuppernow 她的家人 Twentydollars be enough 20美元足夠了 TheGreens be Americans 格林一家是美國(guó)人 MrLiwithhisstudents be discussingthemathproblem 李老師和他的學(xué)生在討論數(shù)學(xué)題 Awriterandworkeroften give usatalkonSundays 一位工人作家經(jīng)常在星期天給我們做報(bào)告 is are is are is is are is gives 易錯(cuò)題匯總 初中應(yīng)試考場(chǎng) Tenyears is are shorttimeforme Apairofshoes is are underthebed Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool is are 2 000 Thewomanwithtwochildren is are cominghere NeitherhenorI is am anAmerican is am is is is 初中應(yīng)試考場(chǎng) 6 Maths are is hardtolearnfortheboy 7 Theyareall woman teachers womenteachers 8 ThepopulationofChina are is over1 300 000 000 9 Therearemany peoples people inthestreetinsummer 10 Oneofthestudents have has gonetoShanghai is is womenteachers people has 主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ) Thenurseistall Sheisateacher Myuncleisin Thepenismine Thepenisonthedesk 句子變復(fù)數(shù) Isthisyourcase Aretheseyourcases Mycaseisbrown Ourcasesarebrown 代詞是代替名詞或名詞短語(yǔ) 分句的詞 人稱代詞 數(shù) 格 人稱 物主代詞 類別 人稱 數(shù) 用法 形容詞性物主代詞后面要加名詞才可以使用 名詞性物主代詞本身就相當(dāng)于名詞 不用再加名詞 Hisbrotherisadriver Mineisaworkerandhersisadoctor 反身代詞 Therebe句型表示 存在 be與后面的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù)上必須一致 Thereis are 名詞 地點(diǎn) 時(shí)間Thereisatreeinfrontofthebuilding Thereisanoldwomanbehindthedoor Thereissomemilkinthebottle Therearesomedesksintheroom Therebe句型如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞be經(jīng)常與最靠近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致 含有therebe的句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Thereisacuponthetable Therearesomecupsonthetable Therearen tanycupsonthetable Arethereanycupsonthetable What sonthetable Therebe句型 表示某處有某物 Thereis a an 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Thereissome 不可數(shù)名詞Thereare some 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) someany區(qū)別 some用于肯定句 any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句 對(duì)于特別渴望得到對(duì)方肯定回答的問(wèn)句 表請(qǐng)求建議可用some 選詞填空 1 Ihavegot many much money 2 Thereis some any inkinthebottle 3 Ihave alotof many sciencebooks 4 lotsof many peopledon tliketoeatbutter 5 Therearen t alotof many applesonthetable 6 lotsof many sheepareonthefield 7 Wedon thave many much time 8 Theyneed lotsof many envelopes buttheyhaven tgot lotsof many 9 Hasshegot lotsof many bananas No shehasn tgot some any bananas 10 Hurryup wehave alotof much homeworktodotoday 11 Shehasn tgot some any coffee soshegoestotheshoptobuy some any 12 How many much aretheapples Fiveyuan 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 1 Idon thaveanymilk I milk 2 Shehasn tgotmuchcoffee She muchcoffee 3 Hemustgotothenewsagent s He gotothenewsagent s 4 MissLihastogotoworknow MissLi toworknow 5 KateandLucymustdotheirhomeworknow KateandLucy theirhomeworknow 6 Ineedalotofbeeftocookdinner Ineed beeftocookdinner 祈使句 表達(dá)請(qǐng)求 命令 勸告 建議 祝愿等 句中動(dòng)詞用原形 Openthedoor 肯定式 Don topenthedoor 否定式 否定式是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形之前 don t 口訣 巧學(xué)妙記基數(shù)詞 一到十二要牢記 十幾后面要加teen 整十后面ty添 幾十幾中間有連線 特殊情況有八個(gè) 三個(gè)十幾 五整十 Topayattentiontothenumbersthirteenfifteeneighteen twentythirtyfortyfiftyeighty 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣 基變序 有規(guī)律 詞尾加上th一 二 三 單獨(dú)記 結(jié)尾字母t d d 八去t 九去e ve要用f替 整十基數(shù)變序數(shù) y要變成i和e 要是遇到幾十幾 前用基來(lái)后用序 用法 1 基數(shù)詞 名詞復(fù)數(shù)2 The 序數(shù)詞 名詞單數(shù)eg IhavetwobooksTherearetwelvemonthsinayear JanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyearEx 1 Thereare studentsinourclass A fiftiethB fifty fiveC fiftyfiveD fivety2 Thereare daysinaweek Mondayisthe day A seven twoB seven secondC theseventh two3 Thebuildinghas floors Heliveson floor A twelve twelfthB twelfth twelveC twelve thetwelfthD twelve twelve4 Thereareninety here A personB peopleC man BBCB 用法 Hundred thousand million billion百千百萬(wàn)十億與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí) 不加s和ofEg twohundredbooks hundredsofbooksthreethousandtrees thousandsoftreesEx 1 Eight peoplecametovisitheretoday A hundredofB hundredC hundredsof2 Weplanted treeslastweek A 3hundredB hundredofC 3hundreds3 Therearemany starsinthesky A thousandB thousandofC thousandsof BAC 介詞 年月國(guó)季in里裝無(wú)論哪天都用on時(shí)刻就要at上 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can Can是一種能力 能 會(huì) Themancanspeakfivelanguages Themancan tspeakfivelanguages Canthemanspeakfivelanguages Yes hecan No hecan t 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容 Jimcanrideamotorbike 表示腦力或體力的能力Shecan tbeintheclassroom Canhecomeheretoday 用于否 疑 表示可能性 CanIhaveacupoftea please Youcangoout may 許可或請(qǐng)求 表示 可以 Couldyouhelpme 比can語(yǔ)氣更委婉 更客氣 助動(dòng)詞 本身沒(méi)有意義 不能單獨(dú)使用 只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ) 表示疑問(wèn) 否定 簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)等 Hedoesn tknowher 與not連用構(gòu)成否定句 Doyouknowher 構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 一 規(guī)則變化 1 一般直接在詞尾加er esttall taller thetallest2 以字母e結(jié)尾的直接加r stnice nicer thenicest3 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞 要變y為i再加er estheavy heavier theheaviest4 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞 要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加er estbig bigger thebiggest5 雙多音節(jié)詞在前面加more 最高級(jí)在前加mostbeautiful morebeautiful themostbeautiful 二 不規(guī)則形容詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí) 注 older一般指年齡大小 Myfatherisolderthanhe elder指長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系 一般修飾名詞作定語(yǔ) Myelderbrotherisadriver farther指距離更遠(yuǎn) further指抽象的 IwanttostudyEnglishfurther furtherreading 形容詞比較級(jí)的用法 一 1 兩者之間比較 關(guān)鍵詞than TomistallerthanJohn2 Which Whois 比較級(jí) AorB Whichiseasier mathsorEnglish Whoistaller yourmotheroryourfather 3 能修飾比較級(jí)的常用副詞 much 的多 even 更 alittle 稍微 ThiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanthatoneTodayisevenhotterthanyesterday 4 數(shù)量 比較級(jí)than Myfatheristhreeyearsolderthanmymother 5 比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越 Nowitishotterandhotter 現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越熱6 The 比較級(jí) the 比較級(jí) 越 就越 Themore thebetter 越多越好 Themoreyoueat thefatteryouwillbecome 你吃得越多 你就越容易變胖7 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Tomisthetallestboyinhisclass Tomistallerthananyotherboysinhisclass 形容詞比較級(jí)的用法 二 形容詞最高級(jí)的用法 一 1 the 最高級(jí) of in 三者及以上范圍的 Mymotheristhebusiestinmyfamily 2 Which Whoisthe 最高級(jí) A BorC Whichisthebiggest themoon theearthorthesun 3 Thisisthe 最高級(jí) 名詞 that Ihaveeverseen ThisisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited 形容詞最高級(jí)的用法 二 4 oneofthe 最高級(jí) 名詞復(fù)數(shù) in ofShenzhenisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina5 the 序數(shù)詞 最高級(jí) 名詞 in ofTheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina 形容詞原級(jí)的用法1 very so quite too等詞后用原級(jí)2 too to as as中間用原級(jí)AisasgoodasB AisnotsogoodasB 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ThePresentContinuousTense 1 表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteacher HeiswatchingTVnow 2 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 Weareworkingonafarmthesedays Iamwritingabookthisterm 構(gòu)成 be am is are 動(dòng)詞 ing形式 begoingto 動(dòng)詞原形 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情 Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow I mgoingtopaintmyhouse Areyougoingtopaintyourhouse I mnotgoingtopaintmyhouse 用法 將來(lái)會(huì)出現(xiàn)或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) thisevening tomorrow nextmonth inafewminutes attheendofthisterm atonce動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成 1 will shall 動(dòng)原2 am is aregoingto 動(dòng)原3 am is are coming等現(xiàn)在分詞否定構(gòu)成 will shallnot am is arenot 特殊疑問(wèn)句舉例 Whatwillyoudotomorrow Whenarewegoingtohaveaclassmeeting 備注 在if條件或assoonas等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) TheSimplePresentTense 1 表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) e g He stwelve She sateacher 2 表經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 e g Igetupat6 30everyday HereadsEnglisheverymorning 3 表主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力等 e g Shelikesnoodles TheyspeakFrench 4 普遍真理和自然規(guī)律 e g Twoplusfourissix Themoongoesaroundtheearth 1 be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式 Heisaworker Heisnotaworker Isheaworker Yes heis No heisn t Whatishe What shisjob 2 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句式 IstayathomeonSundays HestaysathomeonSundays Idon tstayathomeonSundays Hedoesn tstayathomeonSundays DoyoustayathomeonSundays DoeshestayathomeonSundays 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成 構(gòu)成規(guī)則 例詞 1 一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2 結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞加 dlivelivedhopehopeduseused 3 末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞 先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母 再加 ed stopstoppedplanplanned 4 結(jié)尾是 輔音字母 y 的動(dòng)詞 先變 y 為 i 再加 ed studystudiedcarrycarried 常用時(shí)間 Yesterday yesterdaymorning afternoon evening lastnight week month year twodaysago aweekago threeyearsago in1990 in1998 justnow 用法 1 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在狀態(tài) Hewashereyesterday Igotupatsixthirtyyesterdaymorning Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon 2 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 Myfatheroftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句 疑問(wèn)句 否定句 didnot didn t 動(dòng)詞變?cè)?疑問(wèn)句 Didyou 動(dòng)詞變?cè)?一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句 疑問(wèn)句 e g Istayedatherhomelastnight Ididn tstayatherhomelastnight Didyoustayatherhomelastnight Theycleanedtheroomthismorning Theydidn tcleantheroomthismorning Didtheycleantheroomthismorning Yes Idid No Ididn t 另注意以下這幾種句子的否定句 疑問(wèn)句 1 Be動(dòng)詞的句子 過(guò)去式was were Hewasathomeyesterday Hewasnotathomeyesterday wasn t Washeathomeyesterday Theywereathomeyesterday Theywerenotathomeyesterday weren t Weretheyathomeyesterday 2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的句子 can的過(guò)去式是could Shecouldcometotheparty Shecouldn tcometotheparty Couldshecometotheparty 3 have的句子 過(guò)去式had 例句 Hehadgotacartwoyearsago Hehadn tgotacartwoyearsago Hadhegotacartwoyearsago Theyhadagoodtime Theydidn thaveagoodtime Didtheyhaveagoodtime Have用法 MadebyAmanda 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 用法一 表示過(guò)去或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 構(gòu)成 have Ihavefinishedmyhomework Hehasreadthebook Hermotherhasboughtanewdressforher 不必再做 了解書的內(nèi)容 有一件新衣服 has 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在影響一般過(guò)去時(shí) 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情 I breakfast I breakfastanhourago He hishometown He hishometownlastyear 總結(jié) 過(guò)去時(shí)常和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用完成時(shí)不和過(guò)去時(shí)間連用 havehad had hasleft left 吃 離開(kāi) 翻譯下面的句子1 David寫了一封信給他的朋友2 她看過(guò)這部電影3 他們打掃過(guò)教室4 他去年來(lái)過(guò)這兒 1 Davidhaswrittenalettertohisfriend 2 Shehasseenthemovie 3 Theyhavecleanedtheclassroom 4 Hecameherelastyear 怎樣把上面的句子變一般疑問(wèn)句 1 HasDavidwrittenalettertohisfriend 2 Hassheseenthemovie 4 Didhecomeherelastyear 3 Havetheycleanedtheclassroom 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的常用詞ever just yet already before neverShehasalreadycome Ihavemetherbefore today thisyear thesedays thismorningIhavewrittentwolettersthismorning 有此類副詞時(shí) 常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成 不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù) 完成時(shí)和ever already yet連用 Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework Wehaven tfinishedourhomeworkyet Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet Haveyoueverseenatiger Haveyou beentoJapan Ihave finishedmyhomework Ihaven tfinishedmyhomework 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1 過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 2 過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) hadbreakfast Ihavealreadyhadbreakfast I mnothungrynow movedherein2000 Istilllivehere Ihavelivedherefor12years Ihavelivedheresince2000 now Ihavelivedheresince12yearsago 2 某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始 一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 還有可能持續(xù)到將來(lái) 動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性要通過(guò)一段時(shí)間來(lái)表示 一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種 for 時(shí)間段 fortwoweeks since 過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)sincenine sincelastweek sincetwoweeksagosince 過(guò)去時(shí)的從句sinceyoucamehere sinceyouwenthome Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek Hehasbeenawayforaweek 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)用Howlong 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用 但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 1 直接用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buy haveborrow keepputon wear 2 轉(zhuǎn)換成be 名詞gotoschool beastudent 3 轉(zhuǎn)換成be 形容詞或副詞die bedeadfinish beoverleave beaway have has beentohave has goneto 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地 已經(jīng)到某地去了 人不在 IhavebeentoBeijing IhavegonetoBeijing Hehasbeentotheschoollibrary Hehasgonetotheschoollibrary Theyhavebeenthere Theyhavegonethere 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 構(gòu)成was were doingAtthattimeshewasstudyinginBeijing Theywerehavingclassesat10thatmorning Whatwereyoudoingat7yesterdayevening 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 Theyweredoingmorningexerciseat7yesterdaymorning 2 表示過(guò)去某階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 AtthattimeshewasworkinginBeijing 3 作為鋪敘故事情節(jié)的背景 引出由一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的新動(dòng)作 WhenIwaseating thetelephonerang 與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) atthattime那時(shí)attenthismorning今天上午十點(diǎn)whenweleftschool當(dāng)我們離開(kāi)學(xué)校then那時(shí)thistimeyes