解讀橋式起重機運行機構(gòu)的驅(qū)動方式.doc

/ / / /解讀橋式起重機運行機構(gòu)的驅(qū)動方式Interpretation of the bridge crane operation way of driving 起重量是起重機安全工作所允許起吊的最大質(zhì)量，稱為額定起重量，單位為kg或t表示，是衡量起重機工作能力的一個重要參數(shù)。起重量不包括吊鉤、動滑輪組及鋼絲繩等基本吊具的重量，但抓斗、起重電磁鐵等吊具的重量包括在內(nèi)。 Lifting weight is allowed by the lifting crane safety work of the largest mass, known as the rated lifting weight, the unit is kg or t says, is an important measure of crane working ability. Lifting weight does not include the hook, movable pulley and steel wire rope sling basic set of weight, but the weight of the grab, lifting electromagnet spreader is included. 起重量較大的起重機一般都有兩個起升機構(gòu)，起重能力大的叫主起升機構(gòu)，俗稱主鉤。起重量較小的是副起升機構(gòu)，俗稱副鉤。副鉤的起升速度大于主鉤，這樣可以提高裝卸輕貨的工作效率。主副鉤的起重量用分數(shù)形式表示，例如205，分子表示主鉤起重量為20噸，分母表示副鉤起重量為5噸。 The weight of the larger crane usually have two lifting mechanism, lifting capacity big main lifting mechanism, commonly known as the main hook. Is a pair of hoisting mechanism of lifting weight smaller, commonly known as vice hook. Vice hook lifting speed is greater than the main hook, so can improve the work efficiency of light loading and unloading cargo. Main hook up the weight in the form of a fraction, 20/5, for example, molecular said the main hook load of 20 tons, the denominator said vice hook load is 5 tons. 工作類型也稱工作制度，是表明起重機工作繁重程度的參數(shù)，它關(guān)系到起重機金屬結(jié)構(gòu)、機構(gòu)的零部件、電動機和電氣設(shè)備的選型，主要體現(xiàn)在繁忙程度和載荷變化程度兩個方面。 Type of work is also called the working system, it is showed that the crane work hard degree of parameters, it relates to the crane metal structure, components, motor and electrical equipment selection, mainly reflected in the busy degree and degree of load change two aspects. 工作繁忙程度。對起重機整體來說，就是指一年時間內(nèi)，起重機實際運轉(zhuǎn)時數(shù)與總時數(shù)之比。對機構(gòu)來說，則是指某一機構(gòu)在一年時間內(nèi)運轉(zhuǎn)時數(shù)與總時數(shù)之比。在起重機的一個工作循環(huán)中，機構(gòu)運轉(zhuǎn)時間所占的百分比，稱為該機構(gòu)的負載持續(xù)率，用漢語拼音的兩個字母JC表示。 Job is busy. The crane as a whole, is refers to one year time, crane the ratio of the actual working hours and hours. For institutions, is a particular institution running hours in a year time and the ratio of the total hours. In one work cycle crane, the percentage of working time, called the duty cycle of the agency, expressed in the two Chinese phonetic alphabet JC %. 載荷變化程度。按額定起重量設(shè)計的門、橋式起重機實際作業(yè)中，起重機所起吊的載荷往往小于額定起重量，這種載荷的變化程度用起重量利用系數(shù)KQ均Q額表示。Q均起重機在全年實際起重量的平均值，Q額起重機的額定起重量。 根據(jù)門、橋式起重機的工作繁忙程度和載荷變化程度，把起重機的工作類型劃分為：輕級、中級、重級和特重級四種級別。Load changes. The door is designed according to the rated lifting weight, bridge crane in practical operation, the crane load is often less than the rated lifting weight, lifting by the degree of the change of the load with lifting weight utilization coefficient K = Q/Q forehead said. Q - all crane in the average of the actual weight for the whole year, Q - crane rated lifting weight. According to the door, the degree of bridge crane busy work and load changes, the crane work types are divided into: light level, intermediate level, heavy and heavy four levels. 橋式重起機的種類很多，按其主梁的數(shù)量，可分為單梁和雙梁兩大類。 橋式通用起重機是最常見的一類起重機。它的用途廣泛適用于一般性的吊運工作。 Many different kinds of bridge type reboot the machine, according to the number of the main girder, can be divided into two types: single and double beam. Gm bridge crane is the most common type of crane. It is widely used in general lifting work. 橋式起重機是橋架在高架軌道上運行的一種橋架型起重機，又稱天車。橋式起重機的橋架沿鋪設(shè)在兩側(cè)高架上的軌道縱向運行，起重小車沿鋪設(shè)在橋架上的軌道橫向運行，構(gòu)成一矩形的工作范圍，就可以充分利用橋架下面的空間吊運物料，不受地面設(shè)備的阻礙。Bridge crane is a bridge in high orbit a bridge type crane, also known as the crown. Bridge crane bridge along the laid on on both sides of the elevated rail longitudinal operation, lifting trolley along the bridge is laid on the orbits of the horizontal run, a rectangular scope of work, can make full use of bridge the space below the lifting materials, from the ground equipment obstacles. 橋式起重機廣泛地應用在室內(nèi)外倉庫、廠房、碼頭和露天貯料場等處。橋式起重機可分為普通橋式起重機、簡易粱橋式起重機和冶金專用橋式起重機三種。Bridge crane is widely used in indoor and outdoor warehouses, factories, docks and outdoor storage yard, etc. Bridge crane can be divided into general bridge crane, simple beam bridge crane and metallurgical special bridge crane 3 kinds. 普通橋式起重機一般由起重小車、橋架運行機構(gòu)、橋架金屬結(jié)構(gòu)組成。起重小車又由起升機構(gòu)、小車運行機構(gòu)和小車架三部分組成。General bridge crane by lifting the car, general bridge operation, the structure of the bridge metal composition. Lifting trolley and running institutions by the lifting mechanism, the car and the car frame of three parts. 起升機構(gòu)包括電動機、制動器、減速器、卷筒和滑輪組。電動機通過減速器，帶動卷筒轉(zhuǎn)動，使鋼絲繩繞上卷筒或從卷筒放下，以升降重物。小車架是支托和安裝起升機構(gòu)和小車運行機構(gòu)等部件的機架，通常為焊接結(jié)構(gòu)。Lifting mechanism including motor, brake, reducer, drum and pulley. Motor through the gear reducer, drive the drum rotation, make wound reel or wire rope from the reel down, in order to lift heavy things. The car frame is bracket and install the lifting mechanism and the car running parts, such as organization frame, usually in the form of welding structure. 起重機運行機構(gòu)的驅(qū)動方式可分為兩大類：一類為集中驅(qū)動，即用一臺電動機帶動長傳動軸驅(qū)動兩邊的主動車輪；另一類為分別驅(qū)動、即兩邊的主動車輪各用一臺電動機驅(qū)動。中、小型橋式起重機較多采用制動器、減速器和電動機組合成一體的“三合一”驅(qū)動方式，大起重量的普通橋式起重機為便于安裝和調(diào)整，驅(qū)動裝置常采用萬向聯(lián)軸器。Crane operation of drive mode can be divided into two broad categories: type of concentrated drive, which USES an electric motor to drive the active wheels on both sides of the long shaft drive; Another kind of drive, which respectively on both sides of the active wheel is driven by an electric motor. More medium and small bridge crane brake, reducer and motor group synthesis drive mode, the integration of the triad big lifting weight of ordinary bridge crane for ease of installation and adjustment, drive often adopt universal coupling. 橋架的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)由主粱和端粱組成，分為單主粱橋架和雙粱橋架兩類。單主粱橋架由單根主粱和位于跨度兩邊的端粱組成電纜設(shè)備，雙粱橋架由兩根主粱和端粱組成。Metal structure of the bridge is composed of main beams and the beams, divided into the single main beam bridge and double beam bridge. Single main beams bridge by a single main beams and the span of the end on both sides of the beam, double beam bridge is composed of two main beams and the beams. 主粱與端粱剛性連接，端粱兩端裝有車輪，用以支承橋架在高架上運行。主粱上焊有軌道，供起重小車運行。橋式起重機橋架主粱的結(jié)構(gòu)類型較多比較典型的有箱形結(jié)構(gòu)、四桁架結(jié)構(gòu)和空腹桁架結(jié)構(gòu)。Main beams and the beams rigid connection, equipped with wheels on both ends of the side beams, used to support bridge run on overhead. Welding on the main beam orbit, for lifting the car running. The type of bridge main beam structure is more typically have a box structure, four truss structure and vierendeel truss structure. 箱形結(jié)構(gòu)又可分為正軌箱形雙粱、偏軌箱形雙粱、偏軌箱形單主粱等幾種。正軌箱形雙粱是廣泛采用的一種基本形式，主粱由上、下翼緣板和兩側(cè)的垂直腹板組成，小車鋼軌布置在上翼緣板的中心線上，它的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，制造方便，適于成批生產(chǎn)，但自重較大。Box structure and can be divided into the right box box double double liang, partial rail beams, partial rail box single main beams, etc. On track box double liang is a basic form of widely used, the main beam by on e