高二下新世紀(jì)unit 3.doc

重點(diǎn)單詞Unit 3 On Friendship知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1. 重點(diǎn)單詞單詞詞性中文含義衍生詞相關(guān)用法burdenn.& v.負(fù)擔(dān)，重任；被困擾，承受負(fù)擔(dān)，be burdened withmeanwhileadv.同時(shí)(合成詞)indicatev.表明、表示n. indicationzerov.把注意力集中于zero in onaffectionn.友愛，愛情是affect的衍生詞affect v影響、(=have an effect on)respectn.尊敬adj. respectableshow respect to sbdefinev.給下定義n. definitionmeanadj.吝嗇的n. meaning意思意義means手段、方式by means of通過手段by no means決不approachableadj.隨和的，易接近的2重點(diǎn)詞組支持，對(duì)有利 go for關(guān)心，在意 care about吸引注意力 draw(ones attention)易接近的，易到達(dá)的 be approachable放松，舒適 at ease不費(fèi)力地 with ease以為基礎(chǔ) baseon把注意力集中于 zero in on同時(shí) meanwhile集中精力在 focuson顯得高興容光煥發(fā) light up貶低 teardown依附于附在 attachto實(shí)際上 in reality=actually=in fact互相遷就 give and take向某人傳達(dá)(送)信息、消息 convey sthto sb3重點(diǎn)句型Furthermore, the more you smile，the more natural your smile will beIt is learning when to talk that is important4重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法The Structure for Emphasis(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)(1)(一)TextVocabulary and Patterns1go for：be suitable for適合于，支持，對(duì)有利e gShe showed some qualities going for her in the speech，and thus got the first prize 她在演講中展示出有利的素質(zhì)，因此贏得了一等獎(jiǎng)。注意：go in for愛好，從事e gWith the Olympics drawing near，more and more people go in for sports 隨著奧運(yùn)會(huì)的臨近，越來越多的人們愛好體育活動(dòng)了2care v.(1)to think that something or someone is important，SO that you are interested in it，worried about it etc關(guān)心，在意care about關(guān)心，在乎e gIn modern society what many people seem to care about is only money現(xiàn)代社會(huì)很多人在乎的似乎只是錢。I care about him and hate to see him SO sad 1ike this我很關(guān)心他，不喜歡看到他如此傷心。care whathowwhether etce gShe will not care what she can do as long as she can stay with her friend只要能和她朋友在一起，她不在意做什么。(2)As if I cared!-Something is not important to you at a11 好像我在乎似的!e gAs if I cared whether he comes with us or not! 好像我在乎他來不來一樣!(誰(shuí)稀罕)(3)care for somebodysomething：to look after someone who is not able to look afterthemselves；take care of照顧，關(guān)心e gHe thanked the nurses for their caring for him while he was sick他向在他患病期間一直照顧他的護(hù)士們道謝。In China the old are being well cared for在中國(guó)，老年人們被照顧得很好。(4)not care for somebodysomething：not like someone or somethinge gI dont much care for his parents 我不大喜歡他的父母。3draw v(drew，drawn)(1)to produce a picture of something using a pencil，pen etc 畫e gKate had，drawn a cottage with a little stream running next to it。凱特畫了一座小房子，旁邊有一條小溪流過。She asked the little girl to draw a picture of the man shed spoken to她讓小姑娘為與她講話的人畫一幅像。 draw somebody something為某人畫e gCan you draw me a map of how to get there? 您能為我畫一幅如何到那里的地圖嗎?(2)draw(somebodys)attention：to make someone notice something draw(somebodys)attention to： 吸引注意力e gI have been asked to draw your attention to the fo11owing points 有人要求我請(qǐng)您關(guān)注以下幾點(diǎn)。 The Iraq War has drawn international attention 這個(gè)案子吸引了世界范圍的注意。（3)draw a conclusion：to decide that a particular fact or principle is true according to the information you have been given得出結(jié)論e gIt would be unwise to draw firm conclusions from the results of a single survey 根據(jù)一個(gè)調(diào)查的結(jié)果就作出確切的結(jié)論是不明智的。(4)draw somebody to something：to attract someone or make them want to do something吸引某人做某事e g What first drew you to teaching? 是什么最初使你產(chǎn)生教書的念頭的? ， The festival is likely to draw huge crowds 這個(gè)節(jié)日有可能吸引大批的人。(5)draw nearcloser：to become closer in time or space將要來臨，接近 e gMaria grew anxious as the men drew closer隨著那人接近，瑪麗婭變得緊張。Christmas is drawing near 圣誕節(jié)馬上到了。(6)to move someone or something in a particular direction by pulling them gentlye gBobby drew a chair up to the table鮑比把一把椅子拉到桌前。 Mike drew me aside to whisper in my ear麥克把我拉到一邊低聲耳語(yǔ)。(7)to take money from your bank account；withdraw(從銀行中)取款，提款e gMrSmith drew $8,000 in cash from a China bank 史密斯先生從中國(guó)的一家銀行提取了8000美元的現(xiàn)金。(8)especially British English to finish without either side winning in a game such as football(比賽)打平，戰(zhàn)平e gIt is really a close gameThe two teams drew 3：3 真是一場(chǎng)勢(shì)均力敵的比賽。兩隊(duì)3比3平。 The German football team drew with the Chinese football team in the final 決賽中，德國(guó)足球隊(duì)與中國(guó)隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)成平局。4approachable adj(1)friendly and easy to talk to易接近的e gAs a teacher MrLi is very approachable作為一名教師，李先生很平易近人。 (2)easy to reach易到達(dá)的 e gThe top of the mountain is approachable only by going up some very long steps 只有爬上那些高高的臺(tái)階才能登上山頂。approach v: to move towards or nearer to someone or something接近e gAs I approached the house，I noticed a light upstairs 當(dāng)我接近那座房子的時(shí)候，我注意到樓上有燈光。 She heard footsteps approaching 她聽到腳步聲在接近。approach n.:a method of doing something or dealing with a problem 方法(1)approach toe gA new approach to teaching languages 教授語(yǔ)言的新方法。 He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story telling 他決定采用一種不同的方法，通過講故事來教圣經(jīng)。(2)(time or event)is getting closer(時(shí)間或事件)接近e gthe approach of autumn秋天的腳步近了 Its a sign of the approach of middle age這是快到中年的標(biāo)志。(3)movement towards or near to something靠近，接近e g Our approach frightened the birds我們的靠近驚壞了鳥兒。5. at ease：feeling relaxed, especially in a situation in which people might feel a little nervous放松，舒適e gShe felt completely at ease with Bernard她和伯納德在一起覺得徹底放松。(1)putset somebody at(their)case(=make someone feel relaxed)e gshe had an ability to put people at their ease 她有能力讓人放松。(2)with ease：if you do something with ease, it is very easy for you to do it不費(fèi)力地e gThey won with ease 他們輕而易舉地取得了勝利。6convey v(1)to communicate or express something，with or、without using words傳達(dá)(意見，感情)e gAll this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram所有這些信息可以用一簡(jiǎn)單圖表來表示。Ads convey the message that thin is beautiful廣告?zhèn)鬟_(dá)著這樣的信息：瘦即是美。He was sent to convey a message to the UNSecretary General他被派去帶個(gè)信給聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)。convey something to somebodye g1 want to convey to children that reading is one of lifes greatest treats我想帶給孩子們這樣的信息：讀書是人生一大樂事。convey a sensean impressionan idea etce gYou dont want to convey the impression that theres anything illegal going on. 你不想帶著這樣的感覺：有什么不法的事在發(fā)生。(2)to take or carry something from one place to another運(yùn)送，攜帶e gYour luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi您的行李將由出租車運(yùn)到旅館。7zero in on(sb.sth.)：to direct all your attention towards a particular person or thing直接對(duì)準(zhǔn)，注意力集中于e gShe immediately zeroed in on the weak point in his argument她一下子切中了他爭(zhēng)辯中的弱點(diǎn)。8focus on(1)to give special attention to one particular person or thing，or to make people do關(guān)注，注意力集中e gHe needs to focus more on his career 他需要對(duì)事業(yè)多加關(guān)注。 ， focus your attentionmindefforts on somethinge gShe tried to focus her mind on her work 她試圖集中精神工作。 we need to focus public attention on this issue 我們需要公共聚焦于此事件。(2)to point a camera or telescope at something，and change the controls slightly so that you can see that thing clearly(照相機(jī)，望遠(yuǎn)鏡)聚焦于e gShe turned the camera and focused on Martins face。她轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)照相機(jī)將它對(duì)準(zhǔn)馬丁的臉。(3)(eyes)if your eyes focus，or if you focus your eyes，you look at something and can see it clearly e gAll eyes focused on her所有的眼睛都盯著她。 His eyes were focused straight ahead 他眼睛注視著前方。91ight up(1)to give light to a place or to shine light on something點(diǎn)燃，使光亮e gThe flames lit up the sky煙花照亮天空。(2)to become bright with light or color照亮e gAt night the harbor lights up夜晚海港燈火通明。 As the screen lit up，he typed in his password屏幕亮了，他輸入了密碼。(3)if someones face or eyes light up，they show pleasure，excitement etc容光煥發(fā)light up withe gHis eyes lit up with laughter 笑意閃亮了他的眼。Her face lit up with pleasure 快樂使她容光煥發(fā)。Suddenly a smile lit up her face 她臉上突然浮現(xiàn)出微笑。(4)(informal)to light a cigarette點(diǎn)煙e g1 watched Paul light up again 我看見保羅又點(diǎn)燃了香煙。10. attribute n.: a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or useful素質(zhì)，品質(zhì)e gWhat attributes should a good manager possess?一個(gè)好的經(jīng)理應(yīng)該具備什么素質(zhì)?(二)Additional reading1attach v(1)attach something to something：to fasten or connect one object to another；fix_e gAttach a recent photograph to your application form （2）be attached to somebodysomething：to like someone or something very much , because you have known them or had them for a long time依戀，喜愛e gIts easy to become attached to the children you work with 你很容易就會(huì)和你在一起的孩子產(chǎn)生依戀的情緒。2indicate v(1)to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true 表明indicate(that)e gResearch indicates that over 81 percent of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary. 研究表明超過81的教師對(duì)薪水不滿意。The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime這項(xiàng)研究表明貧窮和犯罪之間有聯(lián)系。(2)to say or do something to make your wishes，intentions etcclear 表明e gThe Russians have already indicated their willingness t0 cooperate 俄羅斯人已經(jīng)表示了他們?cè)敢夂献鳌?Professor Johnson has indicated his intention to retire at the end of next year 羅納森教授表明了明年年底退休的打算。_ n3outlook n(1)ones general attitude to life and the world觀點(diǎn)，看法outlook _對(duì)觀點(diǎn)、看法e gExercise will improve your looks and your outlook鍛煉將改善你的外表和世界觀。positiveoptimistic outlook 積極樂觀的態(tài)度e gShe still has an optimistic outlook for the future她仍舊對(duì)未來抱有樂觀的態(tài)度。(2)what is expected to happen in the futureOutlook_展望，前景e ga bright outlook for future對(duì)未來的美好憧憬economic_ outlook經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)政政治前景a bleak economic outlook itWestern Europe西歐的慘淡經(jīng)濟(jì)前景4affection na feeling of liking or love and caring；fondness喜愛，摯愛affection for注意區(qū)分：affecte gShe had a deep affection for the old man 她深愛這個(gè)老人。She looked back on those days with affection她滿懷愛意回憶那段時(shí)光。Their father never showed them much affection他們的父親從未表現(xiàn)出對(duì)他們的愛。分層練習(xí)A基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)ISpellingaFill in the blanks with a word using the hints of its English meaning1easy to talk to or deal friendly a_2an object that is able both to attract iron and steel objectsand also push them away m_3in addition；besides f _4sincerely，truly，honestly，really g _5something that cause people fl lot of worry or hard work b_b. Fill in the blanks with the word from the text. The first letter of the word has been given.6. Hi s m_ has made him very popular among his friends, though he has made great achievements in his career, but he never speaks highly of himself.7. Mr. Li is always very a_, so that everyone likes to talk with him.8. In Shanghai there is a big financial b_for young couples.9. Pop stars are always p_with the young.10. Though the lady is not beautiful, she is extremely a_because she seems so full of life and fun.11. Furthermore, the more you smile, the more n_your smile will be.12. Smiles also c_confidence, which is really important when making friends.13. Going along with this big secret of making friends are a few a_suggestions.14. The dictionary defines the word friend as one attached to another by a_or respect.15. Relationships b_ on a common activity may stop or end when the activity ends.II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.1. The church was held in great_(affect) by the local residents in the western countries.2. Research_(indicate) that over 30 percent of the college graduates are out of work.3. The train goes very fast, _(convey) over 300 passengers every day.4. College students only_ (zero) in on their study in the past, but it is not what it was used to be.5. Going along with this big secret of_ (make) friends are a few additional suggestions.III. Complete each of the following sentences with a phrase in its proper form, zero in on feel at ease light up brag about tear down laugh atmake friends get a word in in reality as a result of base on attribute to1. Almost all the people like being praised, that is, no one enjoys_ by others.2. They_some details while leaving main points untouched.3._, violent crimes are still extremely rare.4. Jenny has always found it easy to_at school.5._the pilots strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.6. Dexter liked the picture editor and_with him.7. Their garden_by dozens of colored lamps.8. The boys were punished for_often in classes.9. Grandparents_their grandkids.10. Their relationship_mutual respect.IV. Complete the sentences according to the Chinese given.1. Furthermore, the longer you practice smiling, _. (你的微笑就會(huì)更快地變得輕松和自然)2. When someone is talking to you，_.(將注意力百分之百地集中到那個(gè)人身上)3. It is . (學(xué)會(huì)何時(shí)交談是重要的)4. He was so eager to tell us about what happened that . (我無法插話) 5. It was late in the night and I . (碰巧在那時(shí)路過) 6. The exhibition has . (吸引了成千上萬(wàn)的參觀者)7. The school has decided to . (采取另一種方式解決紀(jì)律問題) 8. to be asked to do the job. (這是一項(xiàng)極大的榮譽(yù))9They have established . (持久的友誼)10A red sky at night often . (預(yù)兆第二天天氣晴朗)B. 能力提升I .Vocabulary.( ) 1. What_by the word population?A. means B. meant C. is meant D. is meaning( ) 2. No one enjoys_, _?A. laughing at; doesnt he B. laughing at; does heC. being laughed at; dont they D. being laughed at; do they( ) 3. Three_ten people like to watch the basketball game.A. of B. out of C. to D in( ) 4. The mother asked her son_he liked the toy she bought for him.A. what B. how C. which D. that ( )5. When I returned from the market, my mother remained_at the table,_the newspaper.A. seated; reading B to be seated; readC. seating; reading D. sitting; read ( ) 6. Study hard in high school and lay a_for the future.A. basic B. base C. foundation D. founder( ) 7. His silence_that he was not in favor of the proposal.A. applied B. indicated C. supplied D. replied( ) 8. Jays songs are popular with high school students, _girls.A. specially B. especially C. particularly D. peculiarly( ) 9. When you are taking notes in a notebook, only_the main points insome way that relates them to one another.A. out up B. put down C. put off D. put on( ) 10.I will think the matter over and give you a (n) answer.A. fixed B. final C. direct D. early( ) 11. You want to know why I wont go to the movies? Because I think watching TV at home is_ comfortable.A. more B. much C. so D. very( ) 12. She could hardly_to miss another opportunity to meet the musician.A. offer B. afford C. provide D. supply( ) 13. Human beings cannot_ without something to live.A. come B. do C. take D. make( ) 14. Gini searched in her purse: she had out of change.A. run B. raced C. gone D. got ( ) 15. Would it be possible to make an early to have my bad tooth filled tomorrow?A. engagement B. appointment C. arrangement D. employmentII. Translation.1我是在電影院門口碰到他的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)2他從來不注重別人是怎么看他的。(take notice of)3我非常熟悉這首曲子，但我講不出是誰(shuí)作的曲。(familiar)4他們志趣相投，不久他們就建立了真摯的友誼。(outlook)5他在陌生的環(huán)境中感到不那么自在。（feel at ease）6你擁有的詞匯量越大，你就會(huì)覺得英語(yǔ)寫作越容易。(the morethe more) 語(yǔ)法精講The Structure for Emphasis(I) 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是英語(yǔ)中常見的結(jié)構(gòu)，也是高考比較常見的考點(diǎn)。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： It+be(is，was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)+句子其余部分具體用法如下：(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型所強(qiáng)調(diào)的常是句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)部分，也可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)部分可以是單詞、短語(yǔ)、也可以是從句。(3)不能用它來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、條件狀語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。e gIt is Mr. Smith who is our headmasterIt is Nancy that you should askIt is dark green that we have：painted 0ur kitchenIt Was On Monday night that all this happened It was from Betty that he first heard the news 、1強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的連接詞一般用that，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人時(shí)可用whowhom，但不可使用what，which，where，when等。e gIt was our parents whom we often turned to for help when we were young It was at the school gate that we met her2在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用is或者was，依據(jù)原句的時(shí)態(tài)，間或可以看到情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的情況出現(xiàn)。 “e gIt might be yesterday that they went out for dinnerIt is our monitor who often helps classmatesIt was the PLA man who saved the boys life3強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句是將is或者was提前，然后接其余部分；特殊疑問句是將被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分轉(zhuǎn)成特殊疑問詞，然后再接一般疑問句。e gWas it last year that he joined the army?How is it that you go to school every day?Where was it that you were born?It was the day before