閱讀表達(dá)做題技巧.doc

閱讀表達(dá)答題技巧閱讀表達(dá)題試圖從多個(gè)角度和方位考查考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的理解以及考生本人對(duì)相關(guān)問題的看法，問題類型多樣。總的來講，有七種類型，即6+X：主旨概括：概括短文、短文中某一段落的大意或標(biāo)題，或指出作者的寫作意圖句子填空：結(jié)合上下文, 將短文中的空白處用合適的詞語補(bǔ)充完整, 使短文通順翻譯句子：將短文中指定的句子翻譯成通順的漢語英文釋義：根據(jù)所給的英文釋義尋找短文中意思相同的句子封閉型問題（Close-ended Questions）：結(jié)合文中的具體依據(jù)進(jìn)行回答開放型問題（Open-ended Questions）：結(jié)合個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度進(jìn)行表述其它類型：結(jié)合文章的不同題材和體裁給出的其它類型的問題問題類型常見問題主旨概括Whats the best title of the passage? What is the purpose of the writer writing this passage? Whats the main idea of the article? What does the passage mainly talk about？完成句子Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases.英文釋義Please find out the sentence which can be replaced by the following one.句子翻譯Translate the underlined sentence in the paragraph into Chinese.封閉性問題Regular Wh-Questions based on the passage.開放性問題What would you do if you were? What other suggestions would you give? How would you settle the problem if you were?其他類型高考試題將會(huì)從以上的七種類型中選出五類，其中最后一類屬于不確定的未知題型，是根據(jù)文章題材和體裁的具體特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)的以上六種以外的問題形式。問題的順序也會(huì)結(jié)合問題所問的信息點(diǎn)在文章中出現(xiàn)的順序進(jìn)行排列。 字?jǐn)?shù)要求：一般情況下，考生回答問題所書寫的英文會(huì)限制在50個(gè)以下（英文釋義和句子翻譯除外），以控制考生在該試題上所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間；每一個(gè)需要考生用英語回答的問題在后面都有具體的字?jǐn)?shù)要求。【主旨概括】答題技巧1.要迅速地剔除文中的細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)或者作者所使用的論據(jù)，找到各段的主題句，然后進(jìn)行歸納、總結(jié)和概括，即分清主旨和細(xì)節(jié)；2.概括出來的中心意思一定要能夠覆蓋全文或整個(gè)段落，絕對(duì)不可離題太遠(yuǎn)、太籠統(tǒng)或者只概括一段或幾句話的意思，即以偏概全； 3.注意文章標(biāo)題格式，可以是完整的句子，可以是簡潔的短語，也可以用問題形式，同時(shí)要注意字?jǐn)?shù)要求?！揪渥俞屃x】答題技巧1.該類題目比較簡單，而且缺乏較好的區(qū)分度，在某種程度上有給考生送分的因素，因此，考生應(yīng)盡可能在該題上不丟分；2.該類題目相當(dāng)于傳統(tǒng)閱讀理解試題中的轉(zhuǎn)換理解，即用不同的語言表達(dá)方式表述相同的內(nèi)容、意義，所以要求考生能夠識(shí)別表達(dá)相同意義的不同文字?！揪渥犹羁铡看痤}技巧1.回答該類問題時(shí)一定要注意弄清上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，例如遞進(jìn)、并列、對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等等；2.一般來講，該類問題的字?jǐn)?shù)要求會(huì)比較少，所以語言一定要簡練；3.答完后要檢查一下，看上下文是否通順，能否恢復(fù)文章作者原本想表達(dá)的思想、內(nèi)容或意圖?！揪渥臃g】答題技巧1.要把握好原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)方式，在準(zhǔn)確、充分、全面理解原文意思的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行翻譯，譯文要忠實(shí)于原文； 2.要結(jié)合原文文體和句子所在的情境進(jìn)行翻譯，語氣、措辭等要符合文體特點(diǎn)和句子所在情境； 3.譯文一定要符合漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，不一定要完全按照英文字面的意思和順序進(jìn)行翻譯；4.文字要清楚、規(guī)范、簡練，不要重復(fù)或含糊不清；書寫要工整、卷面要整潔。 【閱讀表達(dá)】答題注意事項(xiàng)：1. 在答題之前要認(rèn)真審題, 弄清問題要求, 回答應(yīng)具有針對(duì)性, 要緊扣題目, 既要完整, 又要簡潔；同時(shí)還要注意語言運(yùn)用的準(zhǔn)確性、得體性；2. 對(duì)于主旨概括類型的題目，要準(zhǔn)確理解文章大意、細(xì)節(jié)，把握作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、語氣等，歸納出文章內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、篇章或?qū)哟谓Y(jié)構(gòu), 為回答問題做好準(zhǔn)備；3.該試題的回答要求字?jǐn)?shù)比較少，所以語言要精辟、簡潔，答案要符合標(biāo)題的要求，能概括出文章大意或作者寫作的意圖；4.封閉性問題（close-ended）可以在文中直接找到答案或依據(jù)；但是對(duì)于開放性的題目(open-ended questions)，考生要結(jié)合自己的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行回答；5.在做翻譯試題的時(shí)候，一定要結(jié)合文中句子所在情境進(jìn)行理解和翻譯, 并且把握好句子結(jié)構(gòu)；既要符合英語句子原意, 又要注意漢語句子的通順和達(dá)意；6.要注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求， 切忌超出各個(gè)題目所要求的字?jǐn)?shù)范圍；7.要保持書寫清楚、工整， 卷面整潔、干凈。Practice makes perfect!To the Editor: I have been reading your newspaper, the Hometown Gazette, for the past two years, ever since I moved to Smithville. We moved here from New York City, so I am accustomed to reading excellent newspapers such as The New York Times. In fact, we still have the Times delivered on Sundays. The entire family enjoys reading the recipes in the paper, as well as the Styles section. The Times is great, but the Gazette is another story. Ive never read an article that doesnt contain at least three or four spelling or grammatical errors. For instance, in last weeks issue, you misspelled the word “secretary,” used a singular verb with a plural noun, and used “its” as a possessive. And that was just in the lead story! Its a pity that this tiny little hick (土氣的) town has only one newspaper, because Id like to have an alternative to the rag you publish. I find it hard to believe your news stories. If you cant spell correctly, how can you get your facts right? Ive been meaning to get this off my chest for some time. Please cancel my subscription（預(yù)訂、訂閱）. And buy yourself a dictionary. Sincerely,Jane Z. Jones【主旨概括練習(xí)】Question：What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)【封閉性問題】Question Whats the major problem with the Gazette? (Please answer within 10 words.)【句子釋義練習(xí)】Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential（必要的）to ones life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip. But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the number of people who didnt have breakfast increased by 33from 8.8 million to 11.7 millionaccording to the Chicago-Based Market Research Corporation of America. For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Mold E. Bender, “Nor does giving people breakfast improve work.” Question：Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?It has been revealed in the recent research that going without breakfast may do no harm, particularly for adults.【句子填空練習(xí)】“The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer（戰(zhàn)勝） himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful.” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses（沖動(dòng)）and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.Self-control is mans last greatest victory._ means one lacks everything. Without it he can have no patient, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. 【句子翻譯練習(xí)】Chinas space achievements head our countrys top-ten achievements in science and technology in 2003, according to results released on Tuesday based on votes of the 582 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE).All the CAS and CAE members were asked to look through process in their own fields of research, as well as in others over the past year and vote according to how important the achievements were.【封閉性問題】The Grammy Award is the granddad of all music awards, dating back over four decades; it is to music what Oscar is to the movies. The name “Grammy” is short for “gramophone (留聲機(jī))”, since the awards are shaped like those old-fashioned phonographs.Over the years L. A. and New York have played tug-of-war (拔河) with the Grammy Awards show. The result? The Grammy ceremony has been held 32 times in Los Angeles, 10 times in New York City; and once in Nashville. .The 47th Annual Grammy Awards show was held on Sunday, Feb. 13, 2005, at the Staples Center. The big winners for 2005 were the late Ray Charles, U2, Alicia Keys, Norah Jones, Los Lonely Boys, Kanye West, Usher, John Mayer, Tim McGraw and Maroon 5.QuestionWhen do you think the 44th Grammy Awards show was held? (Please answer within 10 words.) Keys to the exercisesSafety Measures / How to Escape from a FireHow to Deal with Stress? How to Reduce Stress? Ways to Deal with Stress. Suggestions on How to Cope with Stress. Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related danger are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.On the other handhappiness is always around you事實(shí)上,私家車已經(jīng)成為美國生活方式中的一個(gè)必需的