2010年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí).doc

第三部分 翻譯特訓(xùn)練習(xí)與答案訓(xùn)練三1. If you want to _(取得成就或?qū)崿F(xiàn)雄心壯志)，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared.2. The successful person _(總是作好充分準(zhǔn)備)to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.3. (唯一需要做的是) a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.4. No other reproduction in any form is permitted (未經(jīng)出版社書(shū)面同意).5. The environmental effect of this new factory (完全可以從周?chē)奶锏睾秃恿骺闯鰜?lái)).6. This is yet _ (兩國(guó)人民的又一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)).7. His scientific works _(在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家得到廣泛閱讀).8. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_(改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力).9. He is optimistic _(對(duì)現(xiàn)時(shí)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r).10. Work in all fields should be subordinated to and _(服務(wù)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的進(jìn)程).11. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，_(結(jié)果卻被告之她到時(shí)候不能來(lái)了).12. The identical twins resemble each other_(長(zhǎng)相相似但性格不同).13. I would rather join you in research work_(而不愿到海濱去度假).14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults _(通過(guò)面部表情和靠發(fā)出噪聲).15. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_(真正讓我決定買(mǎi)下它的)was the beautiful view through the window.答案與解析1.【答案】achieve something or fulfill your ambitions本題考查短語(yǔ)搭配?！叭〉贸删汀笨梢杂羞@樣的表達(dá)：make achievements或achieve something，前者“成就”作名詞，后者作動(dòng)詞?！皩?shí)現(xiàn)雄心壯志”中“實(shí)現(xiàn)”可選用realize，fulfill，此外makecome true，carryout也有實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想/理想之意。2.【答案】always makes adequate preparations“做準(zhǔn)備”的表達(dá)有：Preparefor; make preparations for“充分的”可選形容詞有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.他的律師做了充分準(zhǔn)備。3.【答案】All that is needed is此句不要受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響用only來(lái)翻譯，“唯一要做的”，其實(shí)是“你所需要做的一切”。4.【答案】without written permission from the publishing house介詞短語(yǔ)：without written permission表示“未經(jīng)允許”;written permission表示“(書(shū)面)允許”;the publishing house表示“出版社”。5.【答案】is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and riveris most clearly observable表示“完全可以看出來(lái)”，句型The effect ofisobservable.表示“的效果是可以看出的”;surrounding field and river表示“周?chē)奶镆昂秃恿鳌薄?.【答案】another common point between the people of our two countries本題通過(guò)增補(bǔ)介詞使譯文的意思更完整。雖然原文沒(méi)有和between相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，但是“共同點(diǎn)”是兩國(guó)人民之間在某方面進(jìn)行比較的結(jié)果，所以增補(bǔ) between之后，符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。增詞法也是漢譯英中常用技巧之一。7.【答案】were widely read in English-speaking countries這句話(huà)易被錯(cuò)譯為were widely read in English countries。原文中“英語(yǔ)國(guó)家”的含義是“講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家”。又如：我賣(mài)掉了彩電。I sold out my color TV.這句譯文錯(cuò)誤在于，沒(méi)弄清“彩電”的含義。其有兩層意思：一是指具體的實(shí)物，即彩色電視機(jī)color TV set;二是指屏幕上出現(xiàn)的影像，即彩色電視color TV。這都體現(xiàn)了英漢表達(dá)差異。8.【答案】and so does reform考點(diǎn)有二：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)移。原文中“解放”用作動(dòng)詞，“生產(chǎn)力”作賓語(yǔ)。譯文中處理成名詞短語(yǔ)“對(duì)生產(chǎn)力的解放”。考查省譯法。我們不能把原文譯成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，這種結(jié)構(gòu)顯得累贅。為避免重復(fù)，可選用and so does來(lái)代替這個(gè)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)。9.【答案】about the present development of information industry“對(duì)表示樂(lè)觀”可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。這句話(huà)不能譯成about the status of the present development of information industry?！盃顩r”是一個(gè)范疇詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際含義，可省略不譯。10.【答案】serve the economic development“服務(wù)于”即“為服務(wù)”，所以要用serve sb./sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，不能譯成be served to。“進(jìn)程”也是一個(gè)范疇詞，可以省略不譯。另外，be subordinated to是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，含義是“從屬于隸屬于”。11.【答案】only to be told that she couldnt come by then本題考查對(duì)“only+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握。此結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，意為“結(jié)果卻”，表示事情的發(fā)展與預(yù)料相反。如：He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路奔跑趕到車(chē)站，可是車(chē)已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。12.【答案】in appearance but not in characterin appearance表示“外表”，往往包括衣著，而looks 復(fù)數(shù)形式表示容貌，單數(shù)形式則表示“表情、神色”，尤指高興時(shí)的表情;in character表示“性格”。13.【答案】than go on holiday to the seaside虛擬語(yǔ)氣：than go on holiday表示“不如”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+would rather+動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)+than+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“寧可”、“與其不如(做)，不愿”。on holiday表示“度假”。seaside表示“海濱”。14.【答案】through facial expressions and by making noises本題要注意介詞的選擇。同樣是表示方法途徑，前后的介詞選擇卻有不同，考生要注意比較和記憶。15.【答案】what really made me decide to buy it本題考查對(duì)what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的掌握。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，前半句是although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而主句中只有系表結(jié)構(gòu)，缺少主語(yǔ)，故需要翻譯的部分應(yīng)該是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。1.I have had great deal of trouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同學(xué))答案：1. keeping up with the rest of the class.2._(我們沒(méi)有人料到主席會(huì)出現(xiàn)) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.答案：2. none of us expected the chairman to turn up3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(正如預(yù)料的那樣).答案：3. as was to be expected4. Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much_(是一門(mén)科學(xué)，也是一門(mén)藝術(shù)).答案：4. an art as it is a science5. Some women _(本來(lái)能夠掙一份很好的工資) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.答案：5. could have made a good salary.6.Over a third of the population was estimated_(無(wú)法獲得) to the health service.答案：6. to have no access7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_(習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到) his lecture.答案：7. to students being late for8. The price of beer_(從50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season.答案：8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to $49.Wed like _(預(yù)訂一張餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 答案：9. to reserve a table for10. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(想找麻煩).答案：10. to make trouble11. It may be necessary to stop_(每隔時(shí)間) in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.答案：11. at intervals 12. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _(傷害自己).答案：12. injure himself13.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was_(忙著準(zhǔn)備) her examination.答案：13. busy preparing for14. The ships generator broke down and the pumps_(不得不用手工操作) instead of mechanically.答案：14. had to be operated manually15. Why didnt you tell me you could me the money? I_ (本來(lái)不必從銀行借錢(qián)的)答案：15. neednt have borrowed it from the bank.16.By the time you get to New York, I_(已經(jīng)動(dòng)身去) London.答案：16. shall have left for17. Buying clothes_(是一件很耗時(shí)的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.答案：17. is often a very time-consuming job18. Its time_(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.答案：18. something was done/some measures were taken19. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon_(克服了這種心理).答案：19. overcame it/got over it20. Please dont stand in the kitchen, youre_(擋路了).答案：20. in the way2010四級(jí)翻譯 12月四級(jí)翻譯題精選練習(xí)(5)1. The number of the students in this city has _ （增加了6倍） in comparison with 2001. 2. _ （有些大一新生打定主意） to pursue a masters degree after undergraduate studies. 3. _ （不管任務(wù)多么艱巨）, we must fulfill it in time. 4. He had understood nothing, _ （也沒(méi)嘗試著去） understand. 5. _ （隨著時(shí)間的流逝）, they forgot their bitter sufferings. 6._ （ 據(jù)說(shuō) ） the painter used his aunt as the model in that painting. 7. Most of the people who die in earthquakes _ （ 是正在倒塌的建筑物砸死的 ）. 8. Most people tend to believe that the newer, the better, _ （ 盡管并不總是這樣 ）. 9. _ （ 沒(méi)有人不稱(chēng)贊他們 ） for their great accomplishment. 10. _ （ 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) ） he is qualified for the job. 11. This leaflet tells you _ （怎樣在旅行期間防止生病）. 12. The book is _ （我夠不著）; would you please pass it to me? 13. Im not accustomed to such luxury, _ （它簡(jiǎn)直是浪費(fèi)錢(qián)）. 14. He came to the meeting _ （不顧重?。? 15. Then I found myself _ （被許多男孩子包圍著）. 參考答案: 1. increased 5 times 2. Some freshmen make up their minds 3. No matter how hard the task is However hard the task is No matter how hard the task may be However hard the task may be 4. nor did he try to 5. With the passage of time 6. It is said that 7. are killed by falling buildings 8. though that is not always the case 9. There is no one who does not praise them 10. There is no doubt that 11. how to avoid getting ill while traveling 12. beyond my reach 13. which is just a waste of money 14. despite his serious illness in spite of his serious illness 15. surrounded by many boys 1. The club _ （采用一套新的制度） concerning its membership. 2. My parents are _ （不同意） our picnic plan. 3. The swimmer caught in the whirlpool_ （掙扎著避免溺水 . ） 4. The carpet was _ （固定在地板上） with tacks. 5. （ 2 天了都沒(méi)有走出沙漠，又沒(méi)有水喝 ） _he was unquenchable. 6. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _ （ 主要是由于工作中的壓力和緊張?jiān)斐傻?）. 7. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and _ （ 超過(guò) 250 萬(wàn)的家庭已經(jīng)擺脫貧困 ）. 8. _ （ 除主席之外的所有成員都投票贊成我的建議 ）to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 9. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are _ （ 為中國(guó)的國(guó)內(nèi)外貿(mào)易提供了新的增長(zhǎng)機(jī)遇 ）. 10. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before_ （ 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家尤為如此 ）. 11. （只要看一眼這封信） _ ， will convince you th