with復合結構講解及練習.doc

with結構的構成它是由介詞with或without+復合結構構成，復合結構作介詞with或without的復合賓語，復合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當，第二部分補足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當，分詞可以是現在分詞，也可以是過去分詞。With結構構成方式如下： with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞例句：He is used to sleeping with the windows open. with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞例句：She left the room with all the lights on. with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語例句：He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. with或without-名詞/代詞 +動詞不定式例句：With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. with或without-名詞/代詞 +分詞例句：We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(現在分詞表示主動動作，即分詞所表示的動作是由with后的賓語發(fā)出來的) With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(過去分詞表示被動，with后面的賓語與過去分詞之間是被動關系) without+名詞/代詞+補語例句：Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him). with the winter is coming with+不定式和+分詞的區(qū)別加不定式是指將要進行的動作,加分詞是指主動或被動動作.with復合結構的句法功能with 復合結構，在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況該結構常做伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。例句：With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由機器進行，他們將很快收完莊稼。（原因狀語） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 這個孩子總是頭枕著胳膊睡覺。（伴隨狀語） The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背對著他父親站著。（方式狀語） With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，樹變綠了。（時間狀語）with 復合結構可以作定語Anyone with its eyes in his head can see its exactly like a rope. 任何一個頭上長著眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一條繩子。like+名詞/代詞+補語例句：The old pinetree still stood there like a umbrella covering the entrance of the cave. The noise sounded like a train going under my house. Bamboo has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.練習題練習1：請選擇最佳答案1）With nothing_to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leaving B.leftC.leave D.toleave2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixing B.fixedC.to be fixing D.to be fixed3）I live in the house with its door_to the south.（這里with結構作定語）A.facing B.facesC.faced D.being faced4）They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights_.A.burn B.burntC.burning D.to burn練習2：用with復合結構完成下列句子1）_（有很多工作要做），I couldnt go to see the doctor.2）She sat_（低著頭）。3）The day was bright_.（微風吹拂）4）_，（心存夢想）he went to Hollywood.練習3：把下列句子中的劃線部分改寫成with復合結構。1）Because our lessons were over，we went to play football._.2）The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands._.3）My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday._.4）An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight._.with復合結構專項練習(一)1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.（2007 安徽）A. finished B. finishingC. having finished D. was finished2. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?(2009 全國卷1)A. taking B. takeC. taken D. to take3. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.(2008 福建)A. for B. whenC. with D. while4. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (2007 福建)A. filled B. fillingC. to fill D. being filled 5. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.（2007安徽）A. finished B. finishingC. having finished D. was finished6. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.（2005 北京）A. going on B. goes onC. went on D. to go on7. _ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. （2005江西）A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cureC. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure8. _ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京)A. With B. BesidesC. As for D/ Because of 9. It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished.(2004 福建)A. for B. withC. from D. of10. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(2000 全國卷)A. As B. ForC. With D. Throughwith復合結構專項練習（二）1. BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _ explanation in Chinese.A. in B.for C.with D.as2. The young woman _ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street. A. with B.because C. on D. like3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off. A. as B. with C. for D. on4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have time to play with her friends this morning.A. Without B. With C. By D. Because5. _ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.A. Because B. As C. With D. Because of6. _ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone. A. As B.For C. Because D. With7. _ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his A. Like B.With C. On D. Without8. _ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.A. By B. On C. With D. As答案及分析（練習1）：1）答案是B.with的賓語nothing和動詞leave是被動關系，所以用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。2）答案是B.短語fix ones eyes on sth是“盯著看”的意思，所以句中hereyes和動詞fix是被動關系，所以用過去分詞。3）答案是A.face“朝、向”，是不及物動詞，所以和itsdoor是主動關系，所以用現在分詞形式。4）答案是C.burn“點燃、發(fā)亮、發(fā)光”，是不及物動詞，所以和theirlights是主動關系，所以用現在分詞。（練習2）1）With a lot of work to do 2）with her head bent 3）with a fresh breeze blowing4）With a dream in heart（練習3）：1）With our lessons over，