鐵路施工常用英文詞匯.doc

鐵路施工常用英文詞匯核子密度濕度測定 determination of nuclear density-moisture 路基承載板測定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade 預(yù)留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance 反壓護(hù)道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm 石灰砂樁 lime sand pile 換土 change soil； soil replacement 爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion； discharge of sedimentation by blasting 拋石擠淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation； packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones 路塹石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut 定向爆破 directional blasting 淺孔爆破 shallow hole blasting 深孔爆破 deep hole blasting 洞室藥包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting 揚棄爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment blasting 拋擲爆破 pin-point blasting 松動爆破 blasting for loosening rock 藥壺爆破 pot hole blasting 裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting； contact blasting 路塹邊坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut 塹頂 top of cutting slope； top of cutting 路塹平臺 platform of cutting； berm in cutting 棄土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank 擋土墻 retaining wall 鐵路施工常用英文詞匯1重力式擋土墻 gravity retaining wall 衡重式擋土墻 balance weight retaining wall； gravity retaining wall with relieving platform； balanced type retaining wall 錨定板擋土墻 anchored retaining wall by tie rods； anchored bulkhead retaining wall； anchored plate retaining wall 加筋土擋土墻 reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall 錨桿擋墻 anchored bolt retaining wall； anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods 管柱擋墻 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井擋墻 caisson retaining wall 抗滑樁 anti-slide pile； counter-sliding pile 護(hù)墻 guard wall tielu 鐵路施工護(hù)坡 slope protection； revertment； pitching 排水溝 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch 邊溝；側(cè)溝 side ditch 天溝 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting ditch 吊溝 suspended ditch 跌水 hydraulic drop 截水溝 intercepting ditch； catch-drain 急流槽 chute 排水槽 drainage channel 滲水暗溝 blind drain 滲水隧洞 leak tunnel； permeable tunnel； drainage tunnel 滲井 leaching well； seepage well 滲管 leaky pipe 平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage 反濾層 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter； protective filter 檢查井 inspection well； manhole 砂井；排水砂井 sand drain 隔斷層 insulating course； insulating layer 透水路堤 pervious embankment； permeable embankment 滲水路堤 immerseable embankment 排水砂墊層 sand filled drainage layer； drainage sand blanker 坡面防護(hù) slope protection 護(hù)岸 revetment； shore protection 導(dǎo)流堤 diversion dike 攔石墻 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall； buttree 落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks 柴排 firewood raft； mattress； willow fascine 固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation 擋風(fēng)墻 wind-break wall 防風(fēng)柵欄 wind break fence 砂土液化 sand liquefaction 中-活載 CR-live loading； China railway standard loading 橋梁標(biāo)準(zhǔn)活載 standard live load for bridge 橋梁荷載譜 bridge load spectrum 換算均布活載 equivalent uniform live load 設(shè)計荷載 design load 主力 principal load 恒載 dead load 土壓力 earth load 靜水壓力 hydrostatic pressure 浮力 buoyancy 列車活載 live load of train 列車離心力 centrifugal force of train 列車沖擊力；沖擊荷載 impact force of train 沖擊系數(shù) ceofficient of impact 人行道荷載 sidewalk loading 附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load 列車制動力 braking force of train 列車牽引力 tractive force of train 風(fēng)荷載 wind load 列車橫向搖擺力 lateral swaying force of train 流水壓力 pressure of water flow 冰壓力 ice pressure 凍脹力 frost heaving force 特殊荷載 particular load 船只或排筏的撞擊力 collision force of ship or raft 地震力 seismic force 地震烈度 earthquake intensity 地震震級 earthquake magnitude 施工荷載 constructional loading 荷載組合 loading conbination 鐵路橋 railway bridge 公鐵兩用橋 combined bridge； combined highway and railway bridge； combined rail-cum-road bridge 跨線橋；立交橋 overpass bridge； grade separation bridge； flyover 高架橋 viaduct 旱橋 dry bridge 人行橋 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge 圬工橋 masonry bridge 鋼橋 steel bridge 鉚接鋼橋 riveted steel bridge 栓焊鋼橋 bolted and welded steel bridge 全焊鋼橋 all welded steel bridge 摩擦結(jié)合式高強度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt 扭剪式高強度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot 螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator 混凝土橋 concrete bridge 鋼筋混凝土橋 reinforced concrete bridge 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 prestressed concrete bridge 先張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder 后張法預(yù)應(yīng)力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder 部分預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 partially prestressed concrete bridge 結(jié)合梁橋 composite beam bridge 低高度梁 shallow girder 無碴無枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper 型鋼混凝土梁；勁性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete； skeleton reinforced concrete girder 簡支梁橋 simply supported beam bridge 連續(xù)梁橋 continuous beam bridge 懸臂梁橋 cantilever beam bridge 板橋 slab bridge 空心板橋 hollow slab bridge 板梁 plate girder 工形梁 I-beam 箱形梁 box girder 槽形梁 trough girder 桁架 truss 拆裝式桁架 demountable truss 剛架橋；剛構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridge 斜腿剛架橋；斜腿剛構(gòu)橋 strutted beam bridge； slant-legged rigid frame bridge 懸板橋；懸?guī)?stressed ribbon bridge 懸索橋；吊橋 suspension bridge 斜拉橋 cable-stayed bridge 浮橋 pontoon bridge； floating bridge； bateau bridge 拱橋 arch bridge 固端拱；無鉸拱 fixed-end arch 雙鉸拱 two-hinged arch 三鉸拱 three-hinged arch 實腹拱 spandrel-filled arch； solid-spandrel arch 空腹拱 open-spandrel arch 雙曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved arch 系桿拱；柔性系桿剛性拱 tied arch 榔格爾式橋；剛性系桿柔性拱橋 Langer bridge； flexible arch bridge with rigid tie 洛澤式橋；直懸桿式剛性拱剛性梁橋 Lohse bridge； rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders 尼爾森橋 Nielsen systen bridge 尼爾森式駱澤梁橋；斜懸桿式剛性拱梁橋 Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders 活動橋 movable bridge 豎旋橋 bascule bridge 平旋橋 swing bridge 升降橋 lift bridge 正交橋 right bridge 斜交橋 skew bridge 曲線橋 curved bridge 曲梁 curved beam 特大橋 super maior bridge 大橋 major bridge 中橋 medium bridge 小橋 minor bridge 單線橋 single track bridge 雙線橋 double track bridge 多線橋 multi-track bridge 正橋； 主橋 main bridge 引橋 approach spans 上承式橋 deck bridge 半穿式橋；中承式 half through bridge； midheight deck bridge 下承式橋 through bridge 雙層橋 double-deck bridge 永久性橋 permanent bridge 臨時性橋；便橋 temporary bridge 跨徑；跨度 span 凈跨 clear spam 橋梁全長 overall length of bridge 橋下凈空 underneath clearance 主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder 節(jié)間長度 panel length 梁高 depth of girder 拱度 camber 撓度 deflection 節(jié)間 panel 錨跨；錨孔 anchor span 懸跨；吊孔 suspended span 橋梁上部結(jié)構(gòu) superstructure 腹板 web plate 翼緣 flange 翼緣板 flange plate 弦桿 chord member 腹桿 web member 斜桿 diagonal member 豎桿 vertical member 吊桿 suspender hanger 加勁桿 stiffener 節(jié)點 panel point 節(jié)點板 gusset plate 拼接板 splice plate 綴條 lacing bar 綴板 stay plate； tie plate 側(cè)向水平聯(lián)結(jié)系 lateral bracing 橫聯(lián) sway bracing 制動撐架 braking bracing 橋門架 portal frame 縱梁 stringer 橫梁 floor beam； transverse beam 橋面系 floor system 端橫梁 end floor beam 起重橫梁 jacking floor beam 梁端緩沖梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change 應(yīng)變時效 strain ageing 碳當(dāng)量 carbon equivalent 鋼絲 steel wire 鋼絲束 bundled steel wires 鋼絞線 steel strand 鋼筋 reinforcement； steel bar 箍筋 stirrup 縱向鋼筋 longitudinal reinforcement 彎起鋼筋 bent-up bar 架立鋼筋 erection bar 構(gòu)造鋼筋 constructional reinforcement 預(yù)應(yīng)力筋 tendon 套管 sheath 梁腋 haunch 拱圈 arch ring 拱肋 arch rib 拱頂 rach crown 拱矢 rise of arch 起拱點 springing 拱腹 soffit 拱腹線 intrados 拱背錢 extrados 橋塔 bridge tower； pylon 索平面 cable plane 纜索 cable 斜纜 stay cable； inclined cable 吊纜 suspension cable 索鞍 cable saddle 索夾 cable band； cable clamp 錨座 socket 錨碇 anchorage 明橋面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor 橋梁道碴槽 ballast trough 道碴橋面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor 橋梁護(hù)軌 guard rall of bridge 橋梁護(hù)木 guard timber of bridge 橋枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper 橋上人行道 sidewalk on bridge 步行板 foot plank 避車臺 refuge platform 伸縮縫 expansion joint 正交異性板 orthotropic plate 欄桿 railing； handrail； handrailing 瀉水孔 drainage opening 直結(jié)軌道 track fastened directly to steel girders 抗剪連接件；抗剪結(jié)合件 shear connector 支座 bearing 固定支座 fixed bearing 活動支座 expension bearing； movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing 搖軸芝座 rocker bearing 滾軸支座 roller bearing 球面支座 spherical bearing 板式橡膠支座 laminated rubber bearing 盆式橡膠支座 pot rubber bearing 聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing 渦流激振 wortex-excited oscillation 弛振 galloping 顫振 flutter 擾流板 spoiler 風(fēng)嘴 wind fairing 橋梁自振周期 natural vibration period of bridge 浮運架橋法 bridge erection by floating 架橋機架設(shè)法 erection by bridge girder erecting equipment 頂推式架設(shè)法 erection by incremental launching 拖拉架設(shè)法 launching method 贗架式架設(shè)法 erection with scaffolding 懸臂架設(shè)法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion 懸臂灌注法 cast-in-place cantilever construction； free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork 懸臂拼裝法 cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete 預(yù)制混凝土構(gòu)件 precast concrete units； precast concrete members 活動模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller 橋梁合龍 closure 就地貫注法 cast-in-place method； cast-in-situ method 活動吊籃 travelling cradle 頂進(jìn)法 jack-in method 旋轉(zhuǎn)法施工；轉(zhuǎn)體施工 erection by swing method 液壓式張拉千斤頂 hydraulic tensioning jack 橋梁下部結(jié)構(gòu) substructure 橋臺 abutment 重力式橋臺 gravity abutment 埋置式橋臺 buried abutment 錨定板式橋臺 anchor slab abutment U形橋臺 U-shaped abutment 耳墻式橋臺 abutment with cantilevered retaining wall 臺身 abutment body 前墻 front wall 臺帽 abutment coping 翼墻 wing wall 錐體護(hù)坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone banking 臺后填方 filling behind abutment 橋墩 pier 空心橋墩 hollow pier 實體橋墩 solid pier 重力式橋墩 gravity pier 柔性橋墩 flexible pier 拼裝式橋墩 assembly pier； pier constructed with precast units 制動墩 braking pier 柱式橋墩 column pier V形橋墩 V-shaped pier 圓端形橋墩 round-ended pier 圓形橋墩 circular pier 矩形橋墩 rectangular pier 排架式橋墩 pile bent pier 墩身 pier body； pier shaft 墩帽 pier coping 圍欄 railing around coping of pier or abutment 承臺 bearing platform 破冰體 ice apron； ice-breaking cutwater； ice guard 地基 foundation； foundation soil； subgrade 加固地基 improved foundation； improved ground 天然地基 natural foundation； natural ground 橋梁基礎(chǔ) bridge foundation 擴大基礎(chǔ) spread foundation 明挖基礎(chǔ) open-cut foundation； open excavation foundation 沉井基礎(chǔ) open caisson foundation 浮式沉井基礎(chǔ) floating caisson foundation 沉井刃腳 cutting edge of open caisson 圍堰 cofferdam 雙壁鋼圍堰鉆孔基礎(chǔ) double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation 預(yù)制鋼殼鉆孔基礎(chǔ) prefabricated steel shell bored foundation 泥漿套沉井法 slurry jacket method for sinking caisson 空氣幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson 沉箱基礎(chǔ) pneumatic caisson foundation 管柱基礎(chǔ) tubular column foundation 樁基礎(chǔ) pile foundation 預(yù)制樁 precast pile 就地灌注樁 cast-in-place concrete pile； cast-in-situ concrete pile 螺旋噴射樁 auger injected pile 摩擦樁 friction pile 支承樁 bearing pile 鉆孔樁 bored pile 挖孔樁 dug pile 鋼樁 steel pile 鋼管樁 steel pipe pile 鋼板樁 steel sheet pile 板樁 sheet pile 木樁 timber pile 鋼筋混凝土樁 reinforced concrete pile 砂樁 sand pile 擠密砂樁 sand conpaction pile 流砂 quick sand； drift sand 送樁 pile follower 試樁 test pile 斜樁 batter pile； raking pile； spur pile 護(hù)筒 pile casting 重錘夯實法 heavy tamping method 灰土換填夯實法 mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping 灌注水下混凝土 underwater concreting； concreting with tremie method 導(dǎo)流建筑物 regulating structure 丁壩；挑水壩 spur dike 順壩 longitudinal dam 河床鋪砌 river bed paving 碼頭 wharf 排架 bent 腳手架 scaffold 懸空腳手架 hanging stage； hanging scaffold 鐵路涵洞 railway culvert 涵洞孔徑 aperture of culvert 管涵 pipe culvert 箱涵 box culvert 拱涵 arch culvert 蓋板涵 slab culvert 無壓力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert 壓力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半壓力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert 明渠 open channel； open ditch； open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon 潮汐河流 tidal river 淤積 silting； siltation 流冰 ice drift 鐵路輪渡 railway car ferries 輪渡站 ferry station 輪渡棧橋 ferry trestle bridge 渡輪 ferry boat 輪渡引線；輪渡斜引道 ferry slip 鐵路隧道 railway tunnel 山嶺隧道 mountain tunnel 越嶺隧道 over mountain line tunnel 水下隧道；水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel； underwater tunnel 地鐵隧道 subway tunne； underground railway tunnel 淺埋隧道 shallow tunnel； shallow-depth tunnel； shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道 deep tunnel； deep-depth tunnel； deep burying tunnel 單線隧道 single track tunnel 雙線隧道 double track tunnel 多線隧道 multiple track tunnel 車站隧道 station tunnel 地鐵車站 subway station； metro station 特長隧道 super long tunnel 長隧道 long tunnel 中長隧道 medium tunnel 短隧道 short tunnel 隧道群 tunnel group 地鐵工程 subway engineering； metro engineering 洞口 tunne ladit； tunnel opening 隧道進(jìn)口 tunnel entrance 隧道出口 tunnel exit 迎坡；正面坡 front slope 洞門 tunnel portal 洞門框 tunnel portal frame 端墻式洞門 end wall tunnel portal 柱式洞門 post tunnel portal 翼墻式洞門 wing wall tunnel portal 耳墻式洞門 ear wall tunnel portal 臺階式洞門 bench tunnel portal 正洞門 orthonormal tunnel portal； straight tunnel portal 斜洞門 skew tunnel portal 明洞門 open-cut-tunnel portal； gallery portal 襯砌 lining 拱圈 arch 邊墻 side