高考英語閱讀理解判斷文章出處專項

高考英語閱讀理解-判斷文章出處專項一 出處類型newspaper 特點：1、首段或首句為新聞概括(時效性強 )。2、有特殊的文體標示（如reuters）3、文章注重對事件起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果、影響的表現(xiàn)，而往往不注重觀點。magazine 特點：1、內(nèi)容往往比新聞報刊的文章更為豐富，專題性更強，話題更具體2、語言比較輕松活潑、感情更為豐富，語言表述更具作者的主體意識。research特點：1、語言比較專業(yè)化，會有一些專業(yè)詞匯（如planetary orbit）2、內(nèi)容上嚴肅且精煉，常常出現(xiàn)專業(yè)的知識。textbook 特點：1、運用教化性的、勸服性的、描述性、說理講解味濃的語言2、對閱讀的對象的指向性非常明確presentation（介紹、報告）特點： 1、語言嚴肅認真，不帶私人情緒2、對事實描述到位，有時會帶有強有力的語氣?？煽康恼f理和論證。3、對聽取報告的對象同樣具有指向性，而且diary 特點：1、語言不正式，個人情緒濃厚2、內(nèi)容上往往按時間順序記述事件，且往往在文章后部抒發(fā)個人感受，或是文章行文夾敘夾議3、文體上具有自身特點（比如時間、天氣）story 特點：1、語言或幽默詼諧或優(yōu)美細膩2、內(nèi)容上往往細致的表現(xiàn)情節(jié)的變化以及人物的內(nèi)心（或動作、語言等等）3、通常喜歡用別有深意或是雋永的故事表達一個深刻的主題report 特點：（與 presentation 很相似）1、語言嚴肅認真2、內(nèi)容上往往包含數(shù)據(jù)或真實的事實依據(jù)、實際情況等等。一般比presentation更專業(yè)一些，前者往往翻譯為匯報，后者譯為報告）biograghy1 歷史性較強，時間線索明顯。2 重大成就，事件。二 例題1 （第一段） when people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation （報告） . today, however, presidents depend on writers such as j. terry edmonds to help them communicate effectively. edmonds is the first african american ever towork as a full-time speechwriter for a u. s. president; he is so the first african american to serve as director of speechwriting for white house. his is an all-american story of success.47 the text is most likely to be found in a book about。a. popular scienceb. historical eventsc. successful people2 it s only 4 hours flying time from sydney, but a world away. what better place to rest than a country where the only place people hurry is on the footballfield and things are done in “ fiji time ”?so why not join us for the experience of a life me?60. where can we most probably read this text?a. in a personal diary.b. in a science report.c. in a travel magazine.d. in a geography textbook.現(xiàn)場訓練passage 1do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? do you know what is meant by take only as directed? read the following directions and see if you understand them.to reduce pain, take two tablets （藥片） with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. for night-time and early morning relief （緩解疼痛） take two tablets at bedtime. do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. for children six to twelve years old, give halfthe amount （量） . for children under six years old, ask your doctors advice. reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.this text is most probably taken from a .a. textbookb. newsreelc. doctors notebookd. bottle of medicinepassage 2more than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受傷） each year. at a speed of only 30miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floorwindow. wearing a seat belt （ 安 全 帶 ） saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. if you do not, you could be fined up to $ 50. it will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. but it will be the drivers responsibility（責任） to make sure that children under 14 do notride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind.however, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing（倒退） your vehicle or you are making a local delivery （發(fā)送） or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. make sure these circumstances （情形）apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. remember you may be taken to court for not doingso, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.this text is taken from .a. a medical magazineb. a police reportc. an advertisement （廣告）d. a government information booklet（小冊子）passage3michaelfish may soon be replaced as a weatherforecaster by something trulyfishier-the shark(鯊魚 ).research by a british biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.lauren smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark s ability to sense pressure.if her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather.miss smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the bahamas.she then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for furtherresearch at aberdeen university.her work-thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory - resulted from theobservation that juvenile blacktip sharks off florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.miss smith said: “viealways been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to aninterest in sharks.”“ iwas delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. i know theresos much more we need to understand - but it certainly opens the way tomore research.”it has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.at the bimini shark lab in the bahamas, miss smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature,whilealso trackingthemusing gps (globalpositioningsystem) technology.in aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal(潮汐的 ) and temperature changes on dogfish-noneof whichwere harmed.she also used a special lab whichcan mimic( 模擬 ) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.she is due to complete her study and